内容正文:
►第04讲 数词
(
考情分
析
)
考点
考点解读
近五年对口升学考试试题统计
2019年
2020年
2021年
2022年
2023年
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
基数词
1. 基本构成
2. 十位和个位之间的符号
3. 三位数的构成
4. 四位及四位以上的数的构成
5. 其他基数词的用法
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序数词
1. 序数词的一般构成法
2. 序数词的变化规则
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数词在其他方面的应用
1. 编号和数字
2. 小数、分数、倍数和百分比
3. 日期、时间和年龄
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【分析解读】
从近几年对口升学考试统计来看,考生应注意序数词、倍数、hundred、 thousand、 million和billion的用法,以及分数、小数、百分比表示法的基本形式。
(
考点精
讲
)
考点01 基数词
1、基数词的构成
数词
形式
例词
0—12
单独记
0 zero 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five
6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
13—19
3—9+teen(thirteen、fifteen、 eighteen单独记)
13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen
16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen
20—100整十数
以ty结尾
20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
两位数(几十几)
(十位)-(个位)
55 fifty-five 63 sixty-three
74 seventy-four 99 ninety-nine
三位数(几百几)
(1—9) hundred and
(十位)-(个位)
158 one hundred and fifty-eight
705 seven hundred and five
990 nine hundred and ninety
多位数
(千,万,亿)
四位及四位以上的数的构成,只在百位后加and,千位或万位及以上的数后不加,按顺序读出
1,234 one thousand, two hundred and thirty-four
567,890 five hundred sixty-seven thousand, eight hundred and ninety
2、其他基数词
hundred
百
five hundred
五百
four hundred books
四百本书
hundreds of students
成百上千名学生
thousand
千
six thousand
六千
three thousand students
三千名学生
thousands of trees
成千上万棵树
million 百万
four million
四百万
one million dollars
一百万美元
millions of workers
数百万工人
billion
十亿
four billion
四十亿
two billion viruses
二十亿病毒
billions of viruses
数十亿病毒
dozen
十二,一打
two dozen两打
two dozen oranges
二十四个橙子
dozens of oranges
几十个橙子
score 二十
four score 八十
four score chairs
八十把椅子
scores of chairs
几十把椅子
考点02 序数词
数词
形式
例词
1、2、3
不规则变化
1st first 2nd second 3rd third
4—19、100、1 000
基数词加-th
特殊:5th fifth 8th eighth 9th ninth 12th twelfth
一般情况:6th sixth 7th seventh 100th one hundredth
1,000th one thousandth
20—90整十数
ty变tie再加-th
20th twentieth 30th thirtieth
40th fortieth 50th fiftieth
60th sixtieth 70th seventieth
80th eightieth 90th ninetieth
两位数以及多位数
只变个位数
21 twenty-first 66 sixty-sixth
92 ninety-second
注:序数词前面一般加定冠词the,但有时可加a/an,表示“再一,又一”,相当于another。
Would you like a second cup of coffee?
你还想再来一杯咖啡吗?
考点03 数词的应用
1、编号:序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词
例:Lesson Two = the second lesson
2、小数:基数词+小数点+基数词(小数点读成point,小数点后的数按单个基数词读)
例:1.5 one point five
例:3.14 three point one four
3、分数:
(1)分子=1 分子用基数词,分母用序数词
一般:1/3 one third 1/5 one fifth
特殊:1/2用a/one half表示,
1/4用a/one quarter表示
(2)分子>1 分子用基数词,分母用序数词加-s
3/4 three fourths
2/3 two thirds
(3)分数前有整数,用连词and
2 2/3two and two thirds
4、倍数
(1)两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times
(2)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than
(3)倍数+as+形容词原级/副词原级+as
(4)倍数+the size/ length/ width/depth/height of+sth.
5、百分比:基数词+percent
6、年份日期:
(1)日,月,年(the+序数词+of+月,年)
(2)月,日(序数词),年(基数词)
(3)年份的读数可先读前两位数,再读后两位数,读时在具体日期前加the
7、时刻
(1)表示几点钟时,用基数词
(2)一刻钟的表达方式
(3)当分钟数不超过三十分钟时,用past或顺读
(4)当分钟数超过三十分钟时,用to或顺读
8、年龄
(1)“at the age of+基数词”表示“在几岁时”
(2)“数词-名词(单数)-形容词”\
(3)“数词+名词(复数)+形容词”
(4)“in one's+整十基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”
(5)“on one's+序数词”表示“在某人具体多少岁时”
9、年代:in the+基数词复数/基数词所有格
10、加减乘除并提问
(1)加
数词 and 数词 are/is 数词
数词 plus 数词 equals 数词
(2)减
数词 minus 数词 equals 数词
数词 minus 数词 is equal to 数词
(3)乘
数词 times 数词 are/is 数词
数词 multiplied by 数词 is/makes 数词
(4)除
数词 divided by 数词 is equal to 数词
(5)提问用“How much is...?”
(
重点小
练
)
1.May is the ______ month of the year.
A.third B.fourth C.fifth D.sixth
2.What time is it?
A.It’s eight. B.It’s Tuesday. C.It’s cold. D.It’s spring.
3.________ tourists from all over the world come to visit Guilin every year.
A.Thousands B.A thousand of
C.Thousand of D.Thousands of
4.There are ________ floors in the building and my home is on the ________ floor.
A.eleven; seventh B.eleven; seven
C.eleventh; seven D.eleventh; seventh
5.Now ______ young people are watching a basketball match on the playground.
A.hundred of B.hundreds of C.hundreds D.hundred
6.What’s four and three?
A.Twelve. B.Nine. C.Seven. D.Five.
7.It took her ________ to finish washing clothes yesterday.
A.two hour and a half B.two and a half hours
C.two and a half hour D.a half and two hour
8.This is the ________ time I have come to this city.
A.three B.thirty C.third D.thirteen
9.We live in an old apartment with ______ floors and we are on the ______ floor.
A.six; three B.sixth; third C.sixth; three D.six; third
10.We will celebrate ________ birthday of our Party this year.
A.the hundred B.the hundredth C.hundred D.hundredth
(
好题必
测
)
1.There are fifty students in our class, and of us like football.
A.two third B.two thirds
C.two three D.second thirds
2.It will be a sunny, hot day again today, with the temperature in the for the rest of the week.
A.thirty B.thirtieth C.thirteen D.thirties
3.About ______ of the earth surface is covered with water.
A.two third B.two thirds C.second three D.second threes
4.There are two thousand students in their school, are girls.
A.two-third of which B.two-thirds of them
C.two-third of them D.two-thirds of whom
5.I spent 300 dollars on the overcoat, but in fact it was worth__________
A.much as twice B.twice much as C.twice as much D.as much twice
6.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________ the present one.
A.three times as big as B.three time big than
C.as big as three times D.as big three times as
7.My English teacher gives me __________ on my English study.
A.many advice B.some advice C.two advice D.two piece of advice
8.Which of the two theories that doctors in those days had was true in the end (From the text “John Snow defeats Cholera”)?
A.both B.Neither C.The first one D.The second one
9.He served in the army in ________ when he was in ________.
A.1980’s; the twenties B.1980th; his twenties
C.the 1980’s; twenties D.the 1980s; his twenties
10.I can speak only________ Chinese .
A.little B.few C.a few D.a little
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►第04讲 数词
(
考情分
析
)
考点
考点解读
近五年对口升学考试试题统计
2019年
2020年
2021年
2022年
2023年
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
题号
分值
基数词
1. 基本构成
2. 十位和个位之间的符号
3. 三位数的构成
4. 四位及四位以上的数的构成
5. 其他基数词的用法
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
序数词
1. 序数词的一般构成法
2. 序数词的变化规则
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
数词在其他方面的应用
1. 编号和数字
2. 小数、分数、倍数和百分比
3. 日期、时间和年龄
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
【分析解读】
从近几年对口升学考试统计来看,考生应注意序数词、倍数、hundred、 thousand、 million和billion的用法,以及分数、小数、百分比表示法的基本形式。
(
考点精
讲
)
考点01 基数词
1、基数词的构成
数词
形式
例词
0—12
单独记
0 zero 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five
6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
13—19
3—9+teen(thirteen、fifteen、 eighteen单独记)
13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen
16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen
20—100整十数
以ty结尾
20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
两位数(几十几)
(十位)-(个位)
55 fifty-five 63 sixty-three
74 seventy-four 99 ninety-nine
三位数(几百几)
(1—9) hundred and
(十位)-(个位)
158 one hundred and fifty-eight
705 seven hundred and five
990 nine hundred and ninety
多位数
(千,万,亿)
四位及四位以上的数的构成,只在百位后加and,千位或万位及以上的数后不加,按顺序读出
1,234 one thousand, two hundred and thirty-four
567,890 five hundred sixty-seven thousand, eight hundred and ninety
2、其他基数词
hundred
百
five hundred
五百
four hundred books
四百本书
hundreds of students
成百上千名学生
thousand
千
six thousand
六千
three thousand students
三千名学生
thousands of trees
成千上万棵树
million 百万
four million
四百万
one million dollars
一百万美元
millions of workers
数百万工人
billion
十亿
four billion
四十亿
two billion viruses
二十亿病毒
billions of viruses
数十亿病毒
dozen
十二,一打
two dozen两打
two dozen oranges
二十四个橙子
dozens of oranges
几十个橙子
score 二十
four score 八十
four score chairs
八十把椅子
scores of chairs
几十把椅子
考点02 序数词
数词
形式
例词
1、2、3
不规则变化
1st first 2nd second 3rd third
4—19、100、1 000
基数词加-th
特殊:5th fifth 8th eighth 9th ninth 12th twelfth
一般情况:6th sixth 7th seventh 100th one hundredth
1,000th one thousandth
20—90整十数
ty变tie再加-th
20th twentieth 30th thirtieth
40th fortieth 50th fiftieth
60th sixtieth 70th seventieth
80th eightieth 90th ninetieth
两位数以及多位数
只变个位数
21 twenty-first 66 sixty-sixth
92 ninety-second
注:序数词前面一般加定冠词the,但有时可加a/an,表示“再一,又一”,相当于another。
Would you like a second cup of coffee?
你还想再来一杯咖啡吗?
考点03 数词的应用
1、编号:序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词
例:Lesson Two = the second lesson
2、小数:基数词+小数点+基数词(小数点读成point,小数点后的数按单个基数词读)
例:1.5 one point five
例:3.14 three point one four
3、分数:
(1)分子=1 分子用基数词,分母用序数词
一般:1/3 one third 1/5 one fifth
特殊:1/2用a/one half表示,
1/4用a/one quarter表示
(2)分子>1 分子用基数词,分母用序数词加-s
3/4 three fourths
2/3 two thirds
(3)分数前有整数,用连词and
2 2/3two and two thirds
4、倍数
(1)两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times
(2)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than
(3)倍数+as+形容词原级/副词原级+as
(4)倍数+the size/ length/ width/depth/height of+sth.
5、百分比:基数词+percent
6、年份日期:
(1)日,月,年(the+序数词+of+月,年)
(2)月,日(序数词),年(基数词)
(3)年份的读数可先读前两位数,再读后两位数,读时在具体日期前加the
7、时刻
(1)表示几点钟时,用基数词
(2)一刻钟的表达方式
(3)当分钟数不超过三十分钟时,用past或顺读
(4)当分钟数超过三十分钟时,用to或顺读
8、年龄
(1)“at the age of+基数词”表示“在几岁时”
(2)“数词-名词(单数)-形容词”\
(3)“数词+名词(复数)+形容词”
(4)“in one's+整十基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”
(5)“on one's+序数词”表示“在某人具体多少岁时”
9、年代:in the+基数词复数/基数词所有格
10、加减乘除并提问
(1)加
数词 and 数词 are/is 数词
数词 plus 数词 equals 数词
(2)减
数词 minus 数词 equals 数词
数词 minus 数词 is equal to 数词
(3)乘
数词 times 数词 are/is 数词
数词 multiplied by 数词 is/makes 数词
(4)除
数词 divided by 数词 is equal to 数词
(5)提问用“How much is...?”
(
重点小
练
)
1.May is the ______ month of the year.
A.third B.fourth C.fifth D.sixth
【答案】C
【详解】考查序数词辨析。句意:五月是一年中的第五个月。A.third 第三;B. fourth第四; C. fifth第五; D. sixth第六。May意为“五月”,为一年中的第五个月。故选C项。
2.What time is it?
A.It’s eight. B.It’s Tuesday. C.It’s cold. D.It’s spring.
【答案】A
【详解】考查特殊疑问句的回答。句意:现在时间几点了?A. It’s eight现在时间是八点;B. It’s Tuesday今天星期二;C. It’s cold天气很冷;D. It’s spring现在是春季。根据问句“What time is it?”,回答应该是就时刻作答。故选A项。
3.________ tourists from all over the world come to visit Guilin every year.
A.Thousands B.A thousand of
C.Thousand of D.Thousands of
【答案】D
【详解】考查数词。句意:每年都有成千上万来自世界各地的游客来桂林旅游。句中的thousand前面没有数词,表达不明确的数目时,要在thousand后加s,和of连用,thousands of表示“成千上万的”。故选D。
4.There are ________ floors in the building and my home is on the ________ floor.
A.eleven; seventh B.eleven; seven
C.eleventh; seven D.eleventh; seventh
【答案】A
【详解】考查基数词和序数词。句意:在这个建筑物里有11层楼,我家住在第7层楼。由句意可知,第一个空表示有多少层用基数词,第二个空表示住在第几层楼,用序数词。故选A项。
5.Now ______ young people are watching a basketball match on the playground.
A.hundred of B.hundreds of C.hundreds D.hundred
【答案】B
【详解】考查数词。句意:现在上百的年轻人正在操场上观看一场篮球比赛。“hundreds of”是固定短语,意思是“数百的”,后面接复数可数名词,符合本句语义及语法结构。故选B。
6.What’s four and three?
A.Twelve. B.Nine. C.Seven. D.Five.
【答案】C
【详解】考查基数词。句意:四加三等于多少?A. Twelve十二;B. Nine九;C. Seven七;D. Five五。根据“What’s four and three?”可知,此处是加法运算,4+3=7。故选C。
7.It took her ________ to finish washing clothes yesterday.
A.two hour and a half B.two and a half hours
C.two and a half hour D.a half and two hour
【答案】B
【详解】考查时间的表达及名词的数。句意:昨天她花了两个半小时洗完衣服。结合选项可知,此处是时间的表达,两个半就是“two and a half”;hour是可数名词,故“两个半小时”就是“two and a half hours”或“two hours and a half”。故选B。
8.This is the ________ time I have come to this city.
A.three B.thirty C.third D.thirteen
【答案】C
【详解】考查序数词。句意:这是我第三次来这个城市。A. three三;B. thirty三十;C. third第三;D. thirteen十三。根据固定结构“the +序数词+time+主语+完成时态”,意为“第……次做某事”,此处要用序数词third。故选C。
9.We live in an old apartment with ______ floors and we are on the ______ floor.
A.six; three B.sixth; third C.sixth; three D.six; third
【答案】D
【详解】考查数词。句意:我们住在一个六层的旧公寓里,我们在三楼。根据“with ______ floors”,可知第一个空要用基数词six表示数量;再由“on the ______ floor”,可知第二个空要用序数词third,表示顺序,意为“在三楼”。故选D项。
10.We will celebrate ________ birthday of our Party this year.
A.the hundred B.the hundredth C.hundred D.hundredth
【答案】B
【详解】考查序数词。句意:今年,我们将迎来我们党的百年诞辰。根据空后的“birthday”可知,此处表示“第一百个生日”,需使用序数词“hundredth”,且序数词前应加定冠词“the”。故选B。
(
好题必
测
)
1.There are fifty students in our class, and of us like football.
A.two third B.two thirds
C.two three D.second thirds
【答案】B
【详解】考查分数的表达方法。句意:我们班有五十个学生,三分之二的人喜欢足球。分数的构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1时,分母用复数。三分之二的表达为two thirds。故选B。
2.It will be a sunny, hot day again today, with the temperature in the for the rest of the week.
A.thirty B.thirtieth C.thirteen D.thirties
【答案】D
【详解】考查基数词。句意:今天又是一个晴朗炎热的日子,本周余下的几天气温都在三十多度。thirty三十,基数词;thirtieth第三十,序数词;thirteen十三,基数词;thirties三十几,基数词的复数形式。in the+基数词的复数形式表示“几十多”,因此in the thirties意为“三十多”,在此表示气温三十多度。故选D。
3.About ______ of the earth surface is covered with water.
A.two third B.two thirds C.second three D.second threes
【答案】B
【详解】考查分数表达法。句意:大约三分之二的地球表面被水覆盖。分数表达法的规则是:分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母加s。故选B项。
4.There are two thousand students in their school, are girls.
A.two-third of which B.two-thirds of them
C.two-third of them D.two-thirds of whom
【答案】D
【详解】考查分数表达法和定语从句。句意:他们学校有两千名学生,其中三分之二是女孩。分时表达法为分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于一,分母加s。在分析句子可知,先行词为students,作定语从句的宾语,关系代词为whom。B选项错误,因为词句不是并列句,而是定语从句。故项D项
5.I spent 300 dollars on the overcoat, but in fact it was worth__________
A.much as twice B.twice much as C.twice as much D.as much twice
【答案】C
【详解】考查倍数表达。句意:我花了300美元买这件大衣,但实际上它值两倍的钱。根据句意结合选项可知,这件大衣实际上值两倍的钱,倍数表达应用结构:倍数 +as…as,此处表示价钱的倍数应用much,第二个as后无成分,as及其后成分省略。故选C。
6.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ________ the present one.
A.three times as big as B.three time big than
C.as big as three times D.as big three times as
【答案】A
【详解】考查倍数表达。句意:正在为下届亚运会建造的新体育馆将是现在的三倍大。倍数表达法的一种:倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as,意为“……是……的几倍”。故选A项。
7.My English teacher gives me __________ on my English study.
A.many advice B.some advice C.two advice D.two piece of advice
【答案】B
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意:我的英语老师给了我一些关于英语学习的建议。advice (建议)是不可数名词,many+可数名词复数形式,some+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词,advice前不能直接用数词,D项应表述为two pieces of advice才是正确的。故选B项。
8.Which of the two theories that doctors in those days had was true in the end (From the text “John Snow defeats Cholera”)?
A.both B.Neither C.The first one D.The second one
【答案】D
【详解】考查序数词和不定代词。句意:当时医生们的两种理论中,哪一种最终是正确的(出自“约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱”)?根据课文内容可知,John Snow同意第二个理论,并最后通过调查研究发现第二项是正确的,表示“第二个理论”应为the second one,其中one指的是theory。故选D项。
9.He served in the army in ________ when he was in ________.
A.1980’s; the twenties B.1980th; his twenties
C.the 1980’s; twenties D.the 1980s; his twenties
【答案】D
【详解】考查固定表达。句意:他二十世纪八十年代在军队服役,那时候他二十多岁。“多少世纪多少年代”的表达直接在数字后加s,且前面用定冠词the,,in the 1980s意为“在二十世纪八十年代”,in one’s twenties意为“在某人二十几岁的时候”,故选D项。
10.I can speak only________ Chinese .
A.little B.few C.a few D.a little
【答案】D
【详解】考查little,a little,few,a few的用法。句意:我只能说一点汉语。A. little不多,可作限定词、形容词、副词;B. few不多,很少,可作限定词、形容词;C. a few很少;D. a little少量。little和a little常用来指代或修饰不可数名词;few和a few常用来指代或修饰可数名词复数。little和few表示否定含义;a little和a few表示肯定含义。根据空前的Chinese可知,这里表示能说一点汉语,表达肯定含义,“汉语”不可数,应用a little。故选D。
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