内容正文:
读《西游记Journey to the West》画思维导图学英语语法
反身代词
The turtle went out of the room. He soon came back, slowly dragging a huge sword. He dropped the sword and then fell down, out of breath.
Wukong picked up the sword with no trouble at all. Swish! Swoosh! He waved the sword through the air, pretending to fight.
“This sword is too light,” said Wukong. “Find me a better weapon!”
“This monkey is rude,” the Dragon Queen whispered to her husband.
“You’re right, dear,” the Dragon King whispered back. “Let’s find him something quickly so he’ll leave.”
A few minutes later, several turtles and octopuses dragged an enormous spear into the room.
“There,” said the Dragon King. “That looks like a very heavy weapon. Right, Wukong?”
Wukong lifted the spear and began stabbing at the air. He shook his head. “This spear is too light.”
The Dragon King snorted. “That spear is very heavy! How can you say it’s too light?”
“To me, it’s light,” said Wukong. “Find me something else!”
“We don’t have anything else,” said the Dragon King. “That’s the heaviest weapon we have.”
表示“我自己”,“你自己”,“他自己”,“我们自己”,“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词,叫做反身代词。
1、 反身代词有哪些呢?你能说出多少?看看下面这个表格,也许你就明白了。
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
我自己
ourselves
我们自己
第二人称
yourself
你自己
yourselves
你们自己
第三人称
himself
他自己
themselves
他 / 她 / 它们自己
herself
她自己
itself
它自己
反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式,词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译为“本人”、“本身”,为加强语气,也常译为“亲自”、“自己”。
反身代词在句子中的作用有哪些呢?
反身代词在句子中主要用于担任同位语,以加强语气,在句中的位置较灵活。 如:
(
反身代词的人称和数它所指代的名词决定。themselves指代主语The children, 它可以跟在主语The children后面,作同位语,用来表示强调。也可以调换到句尾。
)The children themselves are making up their own rules.
= The children are making up their own rules themselves.
孩子们自己在制作他们自己的规则。
(
反身代词myself在句中做宾语,与句子主语I指的是同一个人,所以在人称和数上与I保持一致,用单数第一人称。
)反身代词在句中做宾语,表示动作返回到动作执行者本身,即主语和宾语是指同一个或同一些人或物。如:
“I’ll turn myself into a temple,” he thought.
“我要把自己变成一座寺庙,”他想。
Go back to your mountain now and behave yourself.
现在回到你的山上,规矩点。
反身代词在句子中做表语。
He is not quite himself today.
他今天情绪有点反常 / 不舒服。
介词+反身代词的情况。
Wukong changed back into himself and ran. Erlang was right behind him.
悟空变回原形,跑了起来。二郎就在他身后。
上面对反身代词的介绍,你明白了吗?下面是个关于反身代词的思维导图,你看看能不能根据之前的内容,填写好呢。来试一试吧。
小试牛刀
1、 学了反身代词后,请完成下面这个表格。
单数
复数
第一人称
_______________
_______________
第二人称
yourself
_______________
第三人称
_______________
_______________
_______________
itself
二、真题再现。
1.How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by ______?
A. they B. them C. their D. themselves
2.— Who bought the birthday cake for you?
— Oh! My daughter made it by ______.
A. himself B. itself C. herself D. myself
3.—Do you know who taught ________ French?
—Nobody. He learned it by ________.
A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him
4.— Do you know who taught ______ French?
— Nobody. He learned it by ______.
A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him
5.To keep_______________ safe, you'd better not go out alone at night.
A. myself B. herself C. yourself
6.Believe in_______and you can make it.
A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself
7.—We shouldn't worry about Mary.
—You are right.She is ______to look after______.
A. old enough; herself B. big enough; herself
C. enough old; her D. enough big; her
8.I don't want to be ______ else. I just want to be ______.
A. anybody; myself B. somebody; myself
C. everybody; me D. anybody; me
9.We enjoyed ______ at English party last weekend.
A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves
10.—Huang Wei rides a bike very well. Who taught him?
—No one. He taught ______.
A. him B. he C. his D. himself
11.—What a nice model plane!
—Thanks. I made it with 3-D printer by ______.
A. me B. him C. itself D. myself
12.Don't play with the knife, or you'll cut ______.
A. itself B. yourself C. himself
13.—Who taught your son paper cutting?
—No one.He learned by____.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
14.It is Sunday.Let's just relax and enjoy ______.
A. myself B. yourself C. ourselves D. himself
15.Don't worry about your daughter. I'm sure she can take good care of ______.
A. hers B. she C. herself D. her
16.Each child can only hand in one piece of work ________ in the drawing competition.
A. himself B. herself C. themselves
17.—Mike, you skated very well. Who taught you?
—Nobody. I taught _______________. .
A. I B. me C. myself D. mine
18.—School safety must come first all the time.
—I can't agree with you more. We students should learn how to protect ______ at school.
A. themselves B. yourselves C. ourselves
19.My grandma can use WeChat(微信).She learns it all by _________.
A. she B. herself C. her D. hers
20.—Did your parents have a good time during the trip to Shibing?
—Yes. They enjoyed ______.
A. they B. them C. theirs D. themselves
和佩奇画思维导图学反身代词参考答案
一、
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself
themselves
herself
itself
二、1. D。 句意:多好吃啊!这些水果沙拉是学生们自己做的吗?they他们,她们,它们,为主格人称代词;them他/她/它们,为宾格;their他们的,为形容词性物主代词;themselves他们自己。by oneself独自,单独,为固定搭配,故选D。
2. C。 点拨:考查反身代词。结合句意“是我女儿自己做的。”故选C。
3. C。 句意:——你知道是谁教他法语吗?——没有人教他。他是自学的。根据who taught ______ French可知,空缺处位于动词taught后,在句中作宾语,故应用宾格him;根据Nobody可知,他应是自学的,by oneself,主语为he,故第二空为himsef“他自己”。故选C。
4. C。 句意:——你知道是谁教他法语吗?——没有人教他。他是自学的。根据who taught ______ French可知,空缺处位于动词taught后,在句中作宾语,故应用宾格him;根据Nobody可知,他应是自学的,by oneself,主语为he,故第二空为himsef“他自己”。故选C。
5. C。 句意:为了保证自己的安全,你最好晚上不要一个人出去。myself我自己;herself她自己;yourself你自己。根据后句"你最好晚上不要一个人出去。"可知,应是为了保证你自己的安全。故选:C。
6. B。 myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。believe in oneself"相信自己",根据you can make it,可知是此处表达的是"相信你自己",因此用yourself。
7. A。 句意:——我们不应该为玛丽担心。——你是对的。她足够大了,可以照顾自己了。enough放在形容词或副词的后面;第二空考查look after oneself照顾某人自己。old形容年龄大。故选A。
8. A。 句意:我不想成为任何人。我只想做我自己。anybody任何人,用在否定句和疑问句中;somebody某人,用在肯定句中;everybody每个人;myself我自己,反身代词;me我,人称代词宾格。由don't可知,空一所在句是否定句,所以用anybody;由句意可知,空二应用myself。故选A。
9. D。 句意:上周末我们在英语晚会上玩得很开心。us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词。enjoy oneself玩得开心,过得愉快,故使用反身代词。故选D。
10. D。 考查反身代词。句意:——黄炜骑自行车骑的很好,谁教他的?——没有人教。他自学的。由No one,可知他是自学的,应用teach oneself,故选D。
11. D。 句意:——多么漂亮的一架模型飞机啊!——谢谢!我自己用3D打印机制作的。A.me我,宾格;B.him他,宾格;C.itself它自己,反身代词;D.myself我自己,反身代词。by oneself靠某人自己,固定搭配。主语是I,故用myself,故选D。
12. B。 句意:不要玩刀子,要不然会伤到自己。itself它自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己。反身代词作宾语时,要与主语在人称上保持一致。主语为you,故用yourself。
13. D。 he他,主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词;him他,宾格;himself他自己。固定短语learn by oneself"自学",he要用himself。
14. C。 句意:今天是星期天,让我们仅仅放松我们自己并享受快乐。A.我自己;B.你自己;C.我们自己;D.他自己。根据题意"让我们仅仅放松我们自己并享受快乐",可知考查固定短语"enjoy oneself过得快乐",us对应的反身代词是ourselves。结合选项,故选C。
15. C。 句意:不用担心你的女儿。我确信她能照顾好她自己。“她自己”,用反身代词herself。故选C。
16. C。 句意:在绘画比赛中,每个孩子只能交自己的一幅作品。himself他自己;herself她白己;themselves他们自己。根据"Each child can only hand in one piece of work themselves in the drawing competition."可知,比处指孩子们只能交他们自己的其中一幅作品。所以反身代词应用themselves。故选:C。
17. C。 句意:——迈克,你滑得很好。谁教你的?——没人。我自学的。I我,主格;me我,宾格;myself我自己,反身代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据Nobody"没人"可知,teach oneself"自学"固定搭配。这里用myself。故选C。
18. C。 句意:——学校安全必须一直放在第一位。——我非常同意你的观点。我们学生们在校应该学会如何保护自己。themselves 他们自己;yourselves 你们自己;ourselves 我们自己。根据语境,我们学生们应该学会如何保护自己,因此"ourselves"符合题意。故选:C。
19. B。 句意:我祖母会使用微信。她全靠自学的。she她,人称代词主格;herself她自己,反身代词;her她,人称代词宾格/她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词。by oneself靠自己或独自,固定短语,作状语,因此“herself”符合题意。故选B。
20. D。 句意:——你父母在施秉的旅行中玩得开心吗?——是的。他们玩得很开心。they他(她、它)们,主格;them宾格;theirs名词性物主代词;themselves他(她、它)们自己,反身代词。enjoy oneself"玩得开心"固定搭配,填反身代词themselves。
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