课时作业4 Information Technology-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

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#4 　 必修第二册 课时作业 4　 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·四川南充模拟) In rural Tabasco, Mexico, a community of 50 3D printed homes is now under construction. The US-based nonprofit New Story has teamed up with the tech company ICON to build the world􀆳s first 3D printed neighborhood. It􀆳s part of their project working to fight global homelessness. Brett Hagler, the company􀆳s CEO and co- founder, says the machine starts at the very bottom of the home, laying the cement ( 水泥) all the way to top where a roof is then placed. From start to finish, the entire process takes just 24 hours to print. The company hires local workers to attach the roof and doors, Hagler says. Each 3D printed home will have two bedrooms, a living room, kitchen and bathroom. Families there are living for less than $ 3 a day. Each home can stand hurricanes and medium-level earthquakes, Hagler says. Being strong enough to stand natural disasters has a “ generational influence”, he says, because families can pass the home down from generation to generation. New Story started in 2010 after a disastrous earthquake ruined Haiti, leaving millions injured and homeless. “Seeing the damage broke my heart,” Hagler says. Therefore, he founded New Story to be able to face large disasters with new robotic technology that can quickly rebuild communities. Now, using New Story􀆳s printer, known as “Vulcan 2”, they are able to quickly build safe shelters. “ Besides, we are free of exorbitant operation costs. We bring in the technology to make it faster, cheaper and eventually a better product,” Hagler says, “and then be able to have local labor to do other necessary jobs. ” Hagler says they don􀆳t want to keep this innovation to themselves. After their project in Tabasco, they hope to service other nonprofits who are working toward ending global homelessness. 1. Why are these 3D printed homes built? A. To reduce the unemployment. B. To help those who lost homes. C. To reduce the losses in earthquake. D. To succeed in developing the company. 2. What makes it possible for the 3D printed home to be passed down? A. The affordable price. B. The well-equipped design. C. The ability to stand disasters. D. The technology used in construction. 3. What does the underlined word “ exorbitant” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Costly. B. Average. C. Unusual. D. Reasonable. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A. A New Story: A Nonprofit with Advanced Technology B. A New Style of Architecture Begins to Gain Popularity C. World􀆳s 1st 3D Printed Neighborhood Being Built in Mexico D. 3D Printing: A Technology That Makes Building Faster and Cheaper 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -434- 必修第二册　 3 # (2023·广东茂名一中模拟) ChatGPT—a conversational language model which was launched in November and is free and simple to use—can swiftly produce poems, math equations or essays on topics, bringing concern that students will misuse the technology. And because it doesn􀆳t copy an existing text, there is no easy way to be certain whether a human or a robot wrote the answer. As many educators began to worry about whether students may use ChatGPT to generate papers,Edward Tian had an idea. The 22-year-old student, who studies computer science and journalism, decided to build an app to detect whether a text was human-written or AI-written. Over a few days in a Toronto coffee shop during the winter break, he got to work. On Jan. 2, he launched GPTZero. It analyzes different properties of a text for its “perplexity”, which is the randomness of the text, and the “burstiness”, which is the variation of the text over time. So, a human-written text would have high perplexity, something very unfamiliar to an AI model, and exhibit properties of burstiness, which are non- common items that appear in random clusters (集 群), rather than being uniformly distributed. Tian said he expected a few dozen people to ever try it. But he woke up the next morning stunned by the response. He has even heard from people all over the world—many of them are teachers or college admissions officers. Many people have subscribed for updates from Tian as he works to improve the technology. The quick response to Tian􀆳s effort highlighted the breakneck pace at which technology is changing classrooms, teaching, and the ways that people define and understand learning. Tian believed everyone deserved to reap the benefits of AI, but safeguards were needed to make sure new technologies were not abused. Tian said it would be sad if, years from now, people mostly relied on AI and writing became far more uniform. “There􀆳s something implicitly(含 蓄地) beautiful in human prose,” he said,“ that computers can never copy. ” 5. Why did Edward Tian create GPTZero? A. To predict abuse of ChatGPT. B. To analyse properties of texts. C. To relieve educators of anxiety. D. To recognize AI-generated texts. 6. What features do human-written texts share? A. They are random and varied. B. They are plain and unfamiliar. C. They are common and diverse. D. They are uniform and complex. 7. What does the public think of Tian􀆳s invention? A. It is safely guarded. B. It is highly anticipated. C. It is quickly updated. D. It is thoroughly developed. 8. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Human will win the competition against AI. B. Most people will benefit from AI in the future. C. Writing will become more common than before. D. There is incomparable charm in Human writings. Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2023·湖南师大附中模拟) Adam Pearl found a baby squirrel 　 1　 in his yard. He decided to take him in and named him Joey. Pearl set an alarm to bottle-feed Joey every two hours. Joey learned to use a litter box and 　 2　 to a diet of nuts and greens. In just a few months, he became a member in the house and would let anybody pet him. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -435- hh
#4 That was the day Pearl came home to obvious 　 3　 of a robbery. Strange, snowy footprints tracked around the yard. A few items of value were missing. He 　 4　 police about the break-in, and officer Ashley Turner 　 5　 the residence to make a report. Turner asked if Joey 　 6　 . “Usually not,” Pearl explained, “but 　 7　 , he is a wild animal. You never know. ” Hours later, Turner returned with a ( n ) 　 8　 story: She􀆳d identified a 　 9　 , based in part on the suspicious 　 10　 all over his hands. The Pearls got their stuff back, and Joey got his favorite treat. That spring, Pearl noticed Joey􀆳s growing 　 11　 to return to nature. Joey became 　 12　 interested in the windows, and he even began playing with other squirrels through the sliding door. Pearl 　 13　 a cat door for Joey to come and go. After a few weeks, Joey made his 　 14　 return to the wild. “He was up in the apple tree and climbed down on my shoulder, and I gave him a nut and scratched his ears then he hopped back up in the apple tree and was gone,” says Pearl. “He didn􀆳t come back home that night, so I think that was kind of his last little 　 15　 . ” 1. A. orphaned B. stolen C. thrown D. stricken 2. A. returned B. graduated C. hurried D. attended 3. A. signs B. notices C. copies D. models 4. A. consulted B. helped C. attracted D. alerted 5. A. settled down B. ran into C. came to D. knocked down 6. A. eats B. attacks C. plays D. runs 7. A. after all B. above all C. in addition D. on the contrary 8. A. humble B. artificial C. remarkable D. spiritual 9. A. worker B. suspect C. hunter D. citizen 10. A. scratches B. tattoos C. pictures D. spots 11. A. response B. ability C. disappointment D. desire 12. A. increasingly B. slightly C. deliberately D. unwillingly 13. A. broke B. installed C. closed D. painted 14. A. instant B. voluntary C. permanent D. controversial 15. A. touch B. kiss C. gift D. bye Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 (2023·安徽江淮十校模拟) As AI grows more sophisticated and widespread, the voices warning against the potential dangers of artificial intelligence grow louder. “The development of artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race,”according to Stephen Hawking. 　 1　 . “AI scares the hell out of me,” Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk once said. Below we take a closer look at the possible dangers of artificial intelligence. ①Job losses due to AI automation AI-powered job automation is a pressing concern as the technology is adopted in industries like marketing, manufacturing and health care. Eighty-five million jobs are expected to be lost to automation between 2020 and 2025. 　 2　 . And while it􀆳s true that AI will create new jobs, many employees who won􀆳t have the skills could get left behind. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -436- 必修第二册　 3 ② Social controls through AI algorithms (演算法) TikTok runs on an AI algorithm that fills a user􀆳s feed with content related to previous media they􀆳ve viewed on the platform. Criticism of the app targets this process and the algorithm􀆳s failure to filter out harmful and inaccurate content, raising doubts over TikTok􀆳s ability to protect its users from dangerous and misleading media. 　 3　 . So it really leads to a situation where you literally cannot believe your own eyes and ears. ③　 4　 Blue-collar workers have experienced wage declines as high as 70 percent because of automation. On the other hand, white-collar workers have remained largely untouched. From this sense, if the trend continues, the existing social and economic gaps between different races and classes will be further widened. ④Weakening ethics and goodwill If mankind􀆳s so-called technological progress were to become an enemy of the common good, this would lead to a heavy blow to modern civilization. The rapid rise of the conversational AI tool ChatGPT gives these concerns more substance. Many users have applied the technology to get out of writing assignments. 　 5　 . A. This fear has become a reality B. Widening socioeconomic inequality C. Financial crisis brought about by AI D. No one knows what􀆳s real and what􀆳s not E. It threatens academic integrity and creativity F. The famous theoretical physicist isn􀆳t alone with this thought G. As AI robots become smarter, the same tasks will require fewer humans 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 Ⅳ. 语法填空 (2023·辽宁丹东模拟) Driverless taxis are now available for hire in suburban Beijing, marking a new chapter in intelligent transport. This is the first time that a 　 1　 ( full ) autonomous group of vehicles have got 　 2　 (permit) to operate in a world-class city. Previously, robotaxis 　 3　 ( require ) to have a human driver in case of an emergency. However, two companies will be allowed 　 4　 ( operate ) robotaxis with just the passengers inside. The two companies, both among the leading players in China􀆳s autonomous driving industry, have each put 10 autonomous vehicles in 　 5　 60- square-kilometer area in Yizhuang, located in the southern suburb of Beijing. Baidu plans to expand 　 6　 ( it) autonomous ride-hailing services to 65 cities in 2025 and 100 in 2030. The market size for China􀆳s self-driving taxi service is expected to reach 1. 3 trillion by 2030, 　 7　 ( account) for 60 percent of the country􀆳s ride-hailing market at that time, according to 　 8　 (science) forecasts from a global company, IHS Markit. The robotaxi is also expected to pave the way 　 9　 the development of private autonomous vehicles, 　 10　 have the potential to be a revolutionary technology capable of transforming people􀆳s lives. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -437- hh
#4 一习俗。 F 项 “Besides, it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father”符合语境,承 接前文。 故选 F。 3. A　 空处是段落的标题,需统领段落内 容。 根据后文“People living near Wuyi Mountain in East China􀆳s Fujian prov- ince have the tradition of drinking tea...a harmonious atmosphere among neigh- bors. ”可知,本段介绍的福建武夷山闰 月喝茶的传统。 A 项“Drink leap moon tea”符合语境。 故选 A。 4. E 　 根据段落标题“Give mother pigs􀆳 feet and thin noodles”可知,本段介绍送 给妈妈猪脚和细面的传统,结合后文 “usually two front pigs􀆳 feet and six bunches of thin noodles, and the noodles have to be tied with red silk threads and spring flowers”可知,后文详细介绍了 这个传统,空处会引出送猪脚和细面 这一传统,和后文呼应。 E 项 “ The married daughter has to buy pigs􀆳 feet and thin noodles for her mother”符合语 境。 故选 E。 5. G　 根据段落标题“Eat dinner together” 可知,本段介绍一起吃晚餐这一传统, 空处位于段首,应该会直接点明这一 传统。 G 项“ Just like other festivals, a reunion dinner is essential among the tra- ditions of the leap month”符合语境,引 出后文。 故选 G。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章介 绍了立春节气的来历和与之相关的传统 习俗。 1. Concluded　 考查过去分词。 句意:先 民从气候变化和农业生产中总结出的 立春,在中国古代被视为播种和耕作 的指南。 分析句子可知, conclude 是 非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语 Lichun 之 间是被动关系,且“总结”这一动作已 经完成,所以应用过去分词,表示被动 和完成;句首单词首字母大写。 2. was regarded 　 考查动词时态、语态和 主谓一致。 句意同上。 分析句子可 知,空处在句中作谓语,与主语 Lichun 之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语 in ancient China,应使用一般过去时,主语 Lichun 是专有名词,是第三人称单数 概念,所以谓语动词也应使用单数 形式。 3. a　 考查冠词。 句意:春风吹过,气温上 升,冰冻的地面开始解冻,预示着冬眠 生物的复苏。 rise 表示“增加,提高”, 是可数名词;句中 rise 使用单数形式, 泛指,应用不定冠词修饰, rise 的发音 以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词 a 修饰。 4. revival 　 考查名词。 句意同上。 提示 词在句中作宾语,结合空格前定冠词 the 可知,应用名词 revival,意为“复兴, 复苏”。 5. To welcome　 考查不定式。 句意:为了 迎接立春,古代的皇帝和官员会在这 一天盛装打扮,举行盛大的仪式,祭拜 春神。 分析句子可知,空处在句中作 目的状语,应用不定式 to welcome 表 示目的;句首单词首字母大写。 6. which　 考查定语从句。 句意:人们有 用彩色木棍击打纸做的牛头以示对牛 尊重的习俗,这是为了赶走牛冬天的 懒惰,鼓励农民准备春耕。 分析句子 可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 the custom,关系词代替先 行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关 系代词 which 引导该从句。 7. signaling / signalling 　 考查现在分词。 句意:许多标志着新年开始的仪式在 今天的城市里并不常见,但各种口味 的传统食物在全国各地仍然很受欢 迎。 分析句子可知, “ I ( signal) the start of a new year”作后置定语修饰名 词 ceremonies,空处是非谓语动词,与 其逻辑主语 ceremonies 之间是主动关 系,应用现在分词表示主动。 8. in　 考查固定搭配。 句意:煎饼和春卷 的选料都很丰富,而春卷的特点是口 感更脆。 be rich in 是固定搭配,意为 “富有;富于”。 9. necessarily　 考查副词。 句意:古老的 传统可能不是每年春天都要庆祝,传 统菜肴也不一定要在那天享用。 此空 修饰动词 be enjoyed,应用副词 neces- sarily 作状语,意为“必定,一定”。 10. and　 考查连词。 句意:当立春到来的 时候,我们当然知道是时候播种庄稼 的种子和希望的种子了。 根据句意, “庄稼的种子”和“希望的种子”是并 列关系,用并列连词 and 连接。 写作专练(一) Ⅰ. 应用文写作 A Sports Festival You Won􀆳t Want to Miss To enrich students􀆳 school life and build up our body, a Sports Festival will be held in our school stadium on April 12th, which, I bet, is definitely an event that nobody wants to miss. The coming festival, with the theme of “Sports and Health”will consist of vari- ous activities, ranging from group compe- titions such as the tug-of-war to the solo ones like a half-marathon race. Additional- ly, a professional will be invited to give a lecture about how to do daily exercise properly after all the competitions. If interested, every class is supposed to submit your application forms to the Students􀆳 Union Office before March 25th. I believe every participant will achieve something amazing. Ⅱ. 读后续写 Then, mysteriously, it began to show signs of losing liveliness. I increased my plant watering, and then decreased it. Still, the leaves kept browning and drop- ping to the floor. I grew more and more frustrated and uneasy. The thought that I couldn􀆳t even care for a simple plant star- ted to haunt me like a shadow. For the past few months, a bond had been built be- tween me and the plant. I couldn􀆳t shake the feeling that if the plant died, I might too. Having seen through my heart and sensed my fear, my wife comforted me, “Honey, your treatment is working well and maybe the plant just needs its. ” Her words did make sense and settled my nerves. As I became less anxious, I began to search online for how to care for my plant. Following the instructions, I transplanted the plant to a larger pot, giving its roots more room to grow and buried some solid plant nutrient under the top layer of the earth. Soon, we both began to thrive again. Whenever I look at the tree with its shiny and lush leaves in its new pot, I make it a point to appreciate my wife and the other people who have cared for and supported me. If the plant outlives me, I hope it will inspire my wife to live her life to the fullest. 必修第二册 课时作业 4　 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章介 绍了世界上第一个在建的 3D 打印建筑 社区。 1. B 　 细节理解题。 根据第二段的内容 可知,这个社区修建的目的是帮助那 些无家可归的人。 故选 B 项。 2. C 　 细节理解题。 根据第四段最后一 句话“Being strong enough to stand nat- ural disasters has a ‘ generational influ- ence’, he says, because families can pass the home down from generation to generation. ”可知,可以让这个建筑“代 代相传”下去的原因是因为它足够牢 固,可以抵御自然灾害。 故选 C 项。 3. A　 词义猜测题。 根据倒数第二段中 “Besides, we are free of exorbitant op- eration costs. We bring in the technolo- gy to make it faster, cheaper and even- tually a better product...”可知,引进这 种技术更便宜,这说明运营成本没有 过高。 由此可知,画线单词 exorbitant 意为“价格过高的”,与 costly 意思相 近。 故选 A 项。 4. C　 主旨大意题。 通读全文,尤其是第 二段中 “ The US-based nonprofit New Story has teamed up with the tech com- 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -564- 参 考 答 案　 pany ICON to build the world􀆳s first 3D printed neighborhood. ”可知,文章主要 介绍了世界上第一个在建的 3D 打印 建筑社区。 由此可知, C 项“世界首个 3D 打印社区正在墨西哥建造中”适合 做文章标题。 故选 C 项。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章介 绍了随着 ChatGPT 的应用,学生写论文 时会滥用 AI 智能,使教育工作者很担 忧。 22 岁主修计算机科学和新闻学的学 生 Edward Tian 决定开发一款应用程序 来检测文本是人类写的还是人工智能写 的,并且取得成功。 5. D　 推理判断题。 根据第二段“The 22- year-old student, who studies computer science and journalism, decided to build an app to detect whether a text was hu- man-written or AI-written. ”可知,他编 写该程序是为了辨识某文本是否使用 了 AI 智能编写。 6. A 　 细节理解题。 根据第三段 “On Jan. 2, he launched GPTZero. It analy- zes different properties of a text... rather than being uniformly distributed. ” 可 知,人类写的文章具有高度的困惑性 即随机性( randomness)和突发性即多 变性(variation)。 7. B　 推理判断题。 根据第四段“But he woke up the next morning stunned by the response. He has even heard from people all over the world—many of them are teachers or college admissions officers. Many people have subscribed for updates from Tian as he works to im- prove the technology. ”可知,人们期待 他的发明。 形容词 anticipated 意为“备 受期待的”。 8. D　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段的内 容可知,Tian 认为人类写作有着机器 无法媲美的魅力。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲 述了亚当·珀尔收养了无家可归的小松 鼠乔伊,乔伊很快成为家里的一员,甚至 帮助警察抓到了盗窃嫌疑人,立下了大 功。 但动物的天性不可磨灭,乔伊最终 离开珀尔,回归了大自然。 1. A 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. orphaned 使成为孤儿;B. stolen 偷窃;C. thrown 扔掉;D. stricken 打,撞。 根据下文“He decided to take him in and named him Joey. ”可推知,小松鼠无家可归,是被 遗弃的“孤儿”,亚当·珀尔收养了它。 故选 A。 2. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. returned 返 回;B. graduated 毕业;C. hurried 匆忙, 急忙;D. attended 参加。 根据句中 “ a diet of nuts and greens”可知,坚果和蔬 菜是松鼠的最爱,所以小松鼠乔伊会 奔它们而去;hurry to 意为 “奔向,赶 往”。 故选 C。 3. A 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. signs 迹 象;B. notices 通告;C. copies 复制品; D. models 模型。 根据下文 “ Strange, snowy footprints tracked around the yard. ”可知,珀尔在院子发现陌生人的 足迹,这是家中被盗的迹象。 故选 A。 4. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. consulted 咨询;B. helped 帮助;C. attracted 吸引; D. alerted 向……报警。 根据下文“of- ficer Ashley Turner 　 5　 the residence to make a report”可知,珀尔报了警,警 官来询问情况。 故选 D。 5. C 　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. settled down 定居;B. ran into 偶然遇见;C. came to 来到;D. knocked down 撞倒。 根据 句中“ the residence to make a report”可 知,警官来到珀尔住处询问案情。 故 选 C。 6. B 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. eats 吃; B. attacks 袭击;C. plays 玩耍;D. runs 奔跑。 根 据 下 文 “ She􀆳d identified a 　 9　 , based in part on the suspicious 　 10　 all over his hands. ”可知,特纳 警官根据嫌疑人手上的抓痕找到罪 犯,由此推知,她问的是乔伊是否会攻 击人。 故选 B。 7. A　 考查介词短语辨析。 A. after all 毕 竟;B. above all 首先;C. in addition 另 外;D. on the contrary 相反。 根据后面 “You never know. ”可知选 A。 8. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. humble 谦虚的;B. artificial 人工的;C. remark- able 不同寻常的,奇异的;D. spiritual 精神的。 由后文可知特纳警官根据抓 痕确认了嫌疑人,可见是一个令人惊 奇的故事。 故选 C。 9. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. worker 工 人;B. suspect 嫌疑犯;C. hunter 猎人; D. citizen 市民。 根据句中“ identified” 可推知,特纳警官确认了嫌疑犯。 故 选 B。 10. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. scratches 抓痕; B. tattoos 文身; C. pictures 图 片;D. spots 点。 根据上文特纳警官问 小松鼠乔伊是否会攻击人和句中“ all over his hands”可推知,特纳是通过手 上的抓痕确认了嫌疑人。 故选 A。 11. D 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. response 反应; B. ability 能 力; C. disappoint- ment 失望;D. desire 渴望。 根据下文 “Joey became 　 12　 interested in the windows, and he even began playing with other squirrels through the sliding door. ”可知,小松鼠乔伊开始关注大 自然的一切,说明它渴望回归大自 然。 故选 D。 12. A 　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. increas- ingly 越来越多地;B. slightly 稍微; C. deliberately 故意地;D. unwillingly 不愿意地。 根据句中“even began pla- ying with other squirrels through the sliding door”可推知,乔伊对窗户越来 越感兴趣,因为那是通向外界的通 道。 故选 A。 13. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. broke 弄 坏; B. installed 安 装; C. closed 关; D. painted 涂颜料。 根据“ a cat door” 可知,让动物进出的门需要安装。 故 选 B。 14. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. instant 立刻的;B. voluntary 自愿的;C. per- manent 永远的;D. controversial 有争 议的。 根据下文“He didn􀆳t come back home that night”可知,小松鼠乔伊永 远地离开了,回到了大自然的怀抱。 故选 C。 15. D　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. touch 触 摸;B. kiss 吻;C. gift 礼物;D. bye 再 见。 根据句中 “He didn􀆳t come back home that night...” 可知,珀尔把 “He was up in the apple tree and climbed down on my shoulder, and I gave him a nut and scratched his ears...”视作他 们最后的告别。 故选 D。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要说明了人工智能可能带来的危险。 1. F　 根据第一段的内容以及空后“‘AI scares the hell out of me,’ Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk once said. ”可知,后文提到了马斯克也有和 霍金一样的看法,故 F 项“The famous theoretical physicist isn􀆳t alone with this thought”承上启下,符合语境,故选 F。 2. G　 根据上文“AI-powered job automa- tion is a pressing... and health care. Eighty-five million jobs are expected to be lost to automation between 2020 and 2025. ”可知,上文提到“有 8 500 万个 工作岗位被自动化取代”,说明需要的 人力变少了,故 G 项“As AI robots be- come smarter, the same tasks will re- quire fewer humans”符合语境,故选 G。 3. D　 根据上文“Criticism of the app tar- gets...raising doubts over TikTok􀆳s abili- ty to protect its users from dangerous and misleading media. ” 可知,AI 算法 无法为用户过滤掉有害和不精准的内 容,因此受到 TikTok 批判者的质疑。 在此情况下,用户无法分辨眼前信息 的真假,因此也造成了用户无法相信 所见所闻的情况。 故 D 项 “No one knows what􀆳s real and what􀆳s not”符合 语境,故选 D。 4. B　 根据后文“Blue-collar workers have experienced wage declines as high as 70 percent... will be further widened. ” 可 知,本段的主要内容是在讲述 AI 带来 的日益扩大的社会经济不平等。 故 B 项“Widening socioeconomic inequality” 符合语境,适合做本段的小标题。 故 选 B。 5. E　 根据上文“Many users have applied the technology to get out of writing as- 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -565- hh
#4 signments. ”可知,用 AI 摆脱写作任务 会给学术诚信和创造性带来威胁。 故 E 项“ It threatens academic integrity and creativity” 承 接 上 文, 符 合 语 境, 故 选 E。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要讲述了无人驾驶出租车现在可以在北 京郊区 出 租,这 标 志 着 智 能 交 通 的 新 篇章。 1. fully　 考查副词。 句意:这是全自动驾 驶汽车首次获准在世界级城市行驶。 此处用副词作状语修饰形容词 autono- mous。 2. permission　 考查不可数名词。 句意同 上。 空格处应该填入 permit 的名词形 式 permission 作动词 got 的宾语,表示 “准许”,为不可数名词。 3. were required　 考查时态、语态和主谓 一致。 句意:此前,无人驾驶出租车被 要求配备一名人类司机以防紧急情 况。 结合句意和 previously 可知,句子 应该用一般过去时,句子的主语 rob- otaxis 与动词 require 之间是被动关系, 所以应该用被动语态;robotaxis 是复数 形式, be 动词用 were。 4. to operate　 考查不定式。 句意:然而, 两家公司将被允许运营只有乘客在车 里的无人驾驶出租车。 be allowed to do 表示“被允许做某事”。 5. a　 考查冠词。 句意:这两家公司都是 中国自动驾驶行业的领军企业,它们 在位于北京南郊亦庄的 60 平方公里的 区域内各投放了 10 辆自动驾驶汽车。 结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,故用不 定冠词,60-square-kilometer 的发音以 辅音音素开头,需填不定冠词 a。 6. its　 考查形容词性物主代词。 句意:百 度计划将其自动驾驶网约车服务在 2025 年扩展到 65 个城市,在 2030 年扩 展到 100 个城市。 结合句意可知,此处 用 it 的形容词性物主代词 its 作定语修 饰名词 services。 7. accounting 　 考查现在分词。 句意:据 全球公司 IHS Markit 的科学预测,到 2030 年,中国自动驾驶出租车服务的 市场规模预计将达到 1. 3 万亿元,届时 将占中国网约车市场的 60%。 句中已 有谓语动词 is expected,此处为非谓语 动词作状语, account for 和句子的主 语 The market size for China􀆳s self-driv- ing taxi service 之间是主动关系,所以 空处应该用现在分词 accounting。 8. scientific 　 考查形容词。 句意同上。 此处用形容词作定语修饰名词 fore- casts。 9. for　 考查固定搭配。 句意:无人驾驶 出租车也有望为私人自动驾驶汽车的 发展铺平道路,这有可能成为改变人 们生活的革命性技术。 pave the way for 表示 “为……铺平道路”,是固定 搭配。 10. which 　 考查定语从句。 句意同上。 此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词 为 private autonomous vehicles,在从句 中作主语,故用关系代词 which 引导。 课时作业 5　 HUMANS AND NATURE Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了澳大利亚人对自然的热爱,且 他们对自然的热爱已经成为一种生活方 式了。 1. D　 推理判断题。 根据前三段的内容 可知,Julie 的社区不仅仅关注自然环 境,还把对环境的关心转移到了绿色 健康的生活方式上。 所以 Julie 的社区 对自然的关爱有更深的理解。 2. B 　 细节理解题。 根据第三段的内容 可知,很多退休人士组织园艺方面的 专题讲座,并且进家入户提供培训。 3. A 　 推理判断题。 根据文章第二段 Julie 说的话“Each of us has a beautiful yard. The whole community from chil- dren to elderly people takes care of the environment as if they are taking care of their own garden. ”;第三段 Julie 说的 话“A lot of retired people don􀆳t just reg- ularly organize gardening lectures but also...throughout the year. ”以及第四段 Julie 说的话“ In our community you will never experience the embarrassment of stepping on the dirty waste while you are walking on the grass...”可知,Julie 的社 区的环保意识非常好,她对这个社区 很自豪。 4. B 　 主旨大意题。 本文主要讲述了澳 大利亚人对自然的热爱,且他们对自 然的热爱已经成为一种生活方式了。 故 B 项最适合做文章的标题。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性 和生存策略,以帮助人们更好地饲养鹦鹉。 5. A　 细节理解题。 根据第二段“Mem- bership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and im- proving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. ”可知,鹦鹉要想更 好地在野外躲避攻击,重要的是要进 行集体生活,故选 A 项。 6. B　 细节理解题。 根据第三段“As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本 能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. ”可知,鹦鹉对危险的 第一反应是逃跑,故选 B 项。 7. D 　 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段 “Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and be- hind. ” 和“Simple and relatively harm- less household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For exam- ple, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird􀆳s mind. ”可 知,气球能够吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可 能移动速度快,让鹦鹉联想到鹰,故选 D 项。 8. B　 推理判断题。 根据第一段“Parrots are prey animals, which means that oth- er predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influ- ences parrots􀆳 behavior in your house more than any other. ” 和倒数第二段 “Simple and relatively harmless house- hold objects can draw extreme fear re- sponses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacu- um hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird􀆳s mind. ”以 及最后一段可知,作者的写作目的是 对饲养鹦鹉提建议,故选 B 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统 养蜂技艺的 Ziyad 进行的一次独特的采 蜜经历。 1. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我此行 是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。 A. share 分享;B. collect 收集;C. witness 见证; D. celebrate 庆祝。 根据下文“ I 　 4　 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jun- gle. ”可知,作者是跟随经验丰富的养 蜂人 Ziyad 见证独特的采蜜行动。 故 选 C 项。 2. D　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:在埃塞 俄比亚东南部,手工制作的蜂箱被放 在树顶。 A. courtyards 庭院;B. fields 田野;C. caves 洞穴;D. treetops 树顶。 根据下文“higher up the tree trunk”可 知,手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。 故选 D 项。 3. A　 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意:靠近 树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的,而且相 当危险。 A. dangerous 危险的;B. ur- gent 紧 急 的; C. expensive 昂 贵 的; D. pointless 毫无意义的。 根据 “ The adult bees were 　 14　 and kept attac- king as Ziyad escaped from the tree. ”可 知,采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不 断的攻击,这是很危险的。 故选 A 项。 4. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我跟随 着养蜂人 Ziyad 走过一片广阔的草地, 进入茂密的丛林。 A. searched 搜索; B. recognized 认 出; C. invited 邀 请; D. followed 跟随。 根据前文“ I was on my way to 　 1　 a unique honey har- 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -566-