Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading for writing 知识语法全覆盖讲解讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

2024-09-02
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Unit 5 Languages Around The World 世界上的语言 Reading for Writing LEARNING ENGLISH 学习英语 Wang Le王乐 Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with learning English? 嗨,大家好,请问你们在学习英语时遇到的最大问题是什么? Liu Wen刘文 Hi! I’ve been studying English since primary school. I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. I can never quite get the main idea. Any advice? 你好!我从小学就一直在学英语。以前我的英语成绩还挺好的,但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。我在视频中听母语是英语的人说话时,只能听懂几个单词。我从来就没能完全搞懂过大意。有什么建议吗? 难点单词和常见变形 1. Mark 分数,标志 · 名词: mark, marks · 动词: mark, marks, marked, marking · 短语: get high marks, mark an exam, a good/bad mark · 例句: I used to get high marks in English. 2. Trouble 问题,困难 · 名词: trouble · 动词: trouble (rarely used as a verb in this context) · 短语: have trouble (with), trouble with something · 例句: I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. 3. Catch 抓住 · 动词: catch, catches, caught, catching · 短语: catch only a few words, catch someone’s attention, catch a cold · 例句: I can catch only a few words. 4. Idea 观点 · 名词: idea, ideas · 短语: main idea, get the idea, have an idea · 例句: I can never quite get the main idea. 5. Advice 建议 · 名词: advice (不可数名词) · 动词: advise (相关动词) · 短语: seek advice, give advice, follow advice · 例句: Any advice? 常见短语总结 1. Mark · get high marks: 获得高分 · mark an exam: 批改考试 · a good/bad mark: 好的/差的分数 2. Trouble · have trouble with: 在...上有困难 · trouble with something: 遇到问题 3. Catch · catch only a few words: 只听到几个词 · catch someone’s attention: 吸引某人的注意 · catch a cold: 感冒 4. Advice · seek advice: 寻求建议 · give advice: 给建议 · follow advice: 听从建议 Jia Xin 佳欣 Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk. I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s! My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. It’s so much easier to just say “Open the window!”, but in English that can sound really terrible. I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” or “Could you open the window, please?” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window, please?” 收听英语广播节目帮助我习惯母语人士的语速。我还会复述听到的内容,以此来培养语感。有时候,我甚至还给自己录音,那样一来,我可以听自己的发音,并把我的发音与广播主持人的进行比较!我最头痛的问题是如何用英语得体地表达。说“打开窗户!”很容易,可是在英语里,这样说听起来感觉很糟糕。我得考虑到我在跟谁说话,然后再决定是说“请打开窗户!”还是“请你打开窗户,好吗?”或者说句更长的“请问,您介意打开窗户吗?” 难点单词和常见变形 1. Repeat 重复 · 动词: repeat, repeats, repeated, repeating · 名词: repetition (重复) · 短语: repeat what I hear, repeat after someone, repetition of a word · 例句: I also repeat what I hear to help myself experience the feeling of the language. 2. Record 记录 · 动词: record, records, recorded, recording · 名词: recording (录音) · 短语: record my voice, recording device, record an event · 例句: Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself. 3. Pronunciation 发音 · 名词: pronunciation · 动词: pronounce (发音) · 短语: pronunciation practice, improve pronunciation, correct pronunciation · 例句: I compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s. 4. Headache 头疼 · 名词: headache · 动词: (一般不作为动词使用) · 短语: biggest headache, headache from stress, headache over something · 例句: My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. 5. Polite 礼貌 · 形容词: polite, more polite, most polite · 名词: politeness · 短语: be polite, polite request, polite way to ask · 例句: It’s so much easier to just say “Open the window!”, but in English that can sound really terrible. 6. Decide 决定 · 动词: decide, decides, decided, deciding · 名词: decision · 短语: decide whether to, decide on something, make a decision · 例句: I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” 7. Request 请求 · 名词: request, requests · 动词: request, requests, requested, requesting · 短语: make a request, request politely, request something · 例句: I have to decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” or “Could you open the window, please?” 8. Mind 介意,头脑 · 名词: mind · 动词: mind, minds, minded, minding · 短语: mind doing something, mind if I, would you mind · 例句: “Would you mind opening the window, please?” 常见短语总结 1. Repeat · repeat what I hear: 重复我听到的 · repeat after someone: 跟着某人重复 · repetition of a word: 单词的重复 2. Record · record my voice: 录音 · recording device: 录音设备 · record an event: 记录事件 3. Pronunciation · pronunciation practice: 发音练习 · improve pronunciation: 改善发音 · correct pronunciation: 正确发音 4. Headache · biggest headache: 最大的问题 · headache from stress: 由压力引起的头痛 · headache over something: 对某事的烦恼 5. Polite · be polite: 有礼貌 · polite request: 礼貌请求 · polite way to ask: 礼貌的询问方式 6. Decide · decide whether to: 决定是否 · decide on something: 决定某事 · make a decision: 做决定 7. Request · make a request: 提出请求 · request politely: 礼貌地请求 · request something: 请求某事 8. Mind · mind doing something: 介意做某事 · mind if I: 介意我... · would you mind: 你介意... Li Rui李瑞 Yeah, that’s really hard! I think it all depends on who you’re talking to. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please?” If I’m talking to someone senior to me, then I should say, “Would you mind opening the window, please?” For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. HELP! 是啊,这真的很难!我觉得这完全取决于你在跟谁说话。如果我是跟一个亲密的朋友说话,我可以用简短的请求,如“打开窗户”,这是因为我们关系密切,彼此平等,所以我只需要说几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。但是,如果我是跟不太亲近的人说话,那么我就得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个疑问句,而不是一个要求,例如:“麻烦你打开窗户,好吗?”如果我是在跟一个辈分或职位比我高的人说话,那么我得说:“请问,您是否介意打开窗户呢?”对我来说,词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了!我无法在脑子里记住所有的生词,当然也就记不住如何恰当地使用这些词汇。帮帮我吧! 难点单词和常见变形 1. Depends 取决于 · 动词: depend, depends, depended, depending · 名词: dependence · 短语: depend on, it depends on, depending on · 例句: I think it all depends on who you’re talking to. 2. Demand 需求 · 名词: demand, demands · 动词: demand, demands, demanded, demanding · 短语: make a demand, demand something, in demand · 例句: I must make it a question, not a demand. 3. Vocabulary 词汇 · 名词: vocabulary · 形容词: vocabularic (rarely used) · 短语: build vocabulary, expand vocabulary, vocabulary list · 例句: For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem. 4. Properly 合适地 · 副词: properly · 形容词: proper · 短语: use something properly, do something properly, proper way · 例句: I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. 5. Bridge 桥梁,弥合 · 名词: bridge, bridges · 动词: bridge, bridges, bridged, bridging · 短语: bridge the gap, bridge between, bridge over · 例句: I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. 6. Senior 高级的,年长的 · 形容词: senior, more senior, most senior · 名词: senior · 短语: senior to, senior position, senior citizen · 例句: If I’m talking to someone senior to me. 常见短语总结 1. Depends · depend on: 依赖于 · it depends on: 这取决于 · depending on: 根据...情况 2. Request · make a request: 提出请求 · request longer: 请求更长 · polite request: 礼貌的请求 3. Demand · make a demand: 提出要求 · demand something: 要求某事 · in demand: 需求高的 4. Vocabulary · build vocabulary: 扩充词汇 · expand vocabulary: 扩展词汇 · vocabulary list: 词汇表 5. Properly · use something properly: 正确使用某物 · do something properly: 正确做某事 · proper way: 正确的方式 6. Bridge · bridge the gap: 弥合差距 · bridge between: 在...之间架起桥梁 · bridge over: 解决(问题) 7. Senior · senior to: 比...年长/高级 · senior position: 高级职位 · senior citizen: 老年人 重点语法: 重点语法总结 1. “I’ve been studying English since primary school” · 划重点: · 现在完成进行时("I’ve been studying"):用于表示从过去到现在持续进行的动作。 · 介词短语("since primary school"):表示动作开始的时间点。 2. “I used to get high marks in English” · 划重点: · 过去常用的状态("used to"):表示过去经常发生的情况或习惯。Used to do sth Be used doing sth 习惯做某事 Be used to do sth 被用来做某事 3. “I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening” · 划重点: · 现在进行时("I’m having"):用于描述当前正在进行的状态或问题。 · 名词短语("a lot of trouble with my listening"):描述具体问题。 4. “When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video” · 划重点: · 时间从句("When I listen"):提供背景或条件。 · 非谓语动词 动词现在分词("talking"):描述进行中的动作。 5. “I can never quite get the main idea” · 划重点: · 情态动词("can never"):用于表达能力或可能性的否定形式。 · 副词("quite"):用于修饰动词,表示程度。 6. “Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk” · 划重点: · 动名词短语("Listening to English radio programmes"):作为主语使用。 · 动词不定式("to get used to"):表示习惯的形成。 · 定语从句("how fast native speakers talk"):修饰"get used to"。 7. “Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s” · 划重点: · 副词("Sometimes"):表示频率。 · 目的从句("so I can listen"):解释记录声音的目的。 · 动词不定式("to compare"):用于描述动作的目的。 8. “My biggest headache is how to be polite in English” · 划重点: · 名词短语("My biggest headache"):作为主语。 · 名词从句("how to be polite in English"):作为主语补语,解释困扰的内容。 9. “It’s so much easier to just say ‘Open the window!’” · 划重点: · 形容词比较级("so much easier"):用于比较。 · 不定式短语("to just say"):表示动作的目的或方法。 10. “I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say, ‘Open the window, please!’ or ‘Could you open the window, please?’” · 划重点: · 动词不定式短语("to think about" 和 "to say"):表示动作的目的或内容。 · 名词从句("whether to say"):表示选择或决策的内容。 11. “If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests” · 划重点: · 条件从句("If I’m talking to a close friend"):提供条件。 12. “But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer” · 划重点: · 条件从句("But if I’m talking to someone"):描述不同的条件。 · If 往往会考察主讲从现 非谓语动词重点用法: 1. 动名词(Gerund) 动名词 是动词的 -ing 形式,作为名词使用。 · 作为主语: · 例句: Swimming is a good exercise. · 解析: 动名词 Swimming 作为主语,表示一般概念。 · 作为宾语: · 例句: She enjoys reading books. · 解析: 动名词 reading 作为动词 enjoys 的宾语,表示具体的动作。 · 作为介词宾语: · 例句: He is interested in learning languages. · 解析: 动名词 learning 作为介词 in 的宾语。 · 作为表语: · 例句: Her favorite hobby is painting. · 解析: 动名词 painting 作为连系动词 is 的表语,说明主语的状态。 2. 不定式(Infinitive) 不定式 是动词的基本形式,通常前面加 to,但在某些情况下可以省略。 · 作为主语: · 例句: To learn a new language is exciting. · 解析: 不定式 To learn 作为主语。 · 作为宾语: · 例句: She wants to travel the world. · 解析: 不定式 to travel 作为动词 wants 的宾语。 · 作为目的状语: · 例句: He went to the store to buy some milk. · 解析: 不定式 to buy 说明去商店的目的。 · 作为表语: · 例句: Her goal is to become a doctor. · 解析: 不定式 to become 作为连系动词 is 的表语。 3. 现在分词(Present Participle) 现在分词 是动词的 -ing 形式,通常用作形容词或构成进行时态。 · 作为形容词: · 例句: The shining stars are beautiful. · 解析: 现在分词 shining 作为形容词修饰名词 stars。 · 构成进行时态: · 例句: She is reading a book. · 解析: 现在分词 reading 与助动词 is 一起构成现在进行时。 · 作为状语: · 例句: Running through the park, he enjoyed the fresh air. · 解析: 现在分词短语 Running through the park 作为状语说明动作的方式。 4. 过去分词(Past Participle) 过去分词 通常用作完成时态或被动语态的组成部分,也可用作形容词。 · 构成完成时态: · 例句: She has finished her homework. · 解析: 过去分词 finished 与助动词 has 一起构成现在完成时。 · 构成被动语态: · 例句: The book was written by a famous author. · 解析: 过去分词 written 与助动词 was 一起构成被动语态。 · 作为形容词: · 例句: The broken vase is on the floor. · 解析: 过去分词 broken 作为形容词修饰名词 vase。 所以~ · 动名词: 作为名词使用,可作主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语。 · 不定式: 作为名词、形容词或副词使用,可作主语、宾语、目的状语、表语。 · 现在分词: 作为形容词使用,构成进行时态,作为状语。 · 过去分词: 构成完成时态和被动语态,作为形容词。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading for writing 知识语法全覆盖讲解讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
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Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading for writing 知识语法全覆盖讲解讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
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Unit 5 Languages Around the World Reading for writing 知识语法全覆盖讲解讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
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