精品解析：福建省龙岩市永定区坎市中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题

2023届高三上期半期考英语科试卷 时间: 120分钟 总分: 150分 第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. B. 答案是 C。 1. What color skirt does the woman want? A. Brown. B. Yellow. C. Pink. 2. Where is the train station? A. On Market Road. B. On First Street. C. On Church Street. 3. When did the man see Jim? A. At 3 o’clock. B. At 4 o’clock. C. At 5 o’clock. 4 What does the woman mean? A. Miss Green is very like her last neighbor. B. Miss Green opens a dancing hall. C. Miss Green is noisy. 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. Whether the girl likes math or not. B. Who broke the window of the classroom. C. Why the girl didn’t come to the math class. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟, 听完后, 各小题将给出: 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 6. What is the man like? A. He is shy. B. He is sociable. C. He is confident. 7. What does the man think will probably make Sarah’s parents shocked? A. His clothes. B. His hair style. C. His job. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 8. What relation is Jack to the woman? A. Her colleague. B. Her neighbor. C. Her husband. 9. What do we know about Jack? A. He cannot cook at all. B. He does lots of housework. C. His office is far from home: 10. What does the woman help do at home? A. She does some cooking. B. She does some washing. C. She does some cleaning. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 11. What is the man doing? A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel. 12. Why does the man come to New York? A. To have a meeting. B. To visit museums. C. To enjoy himself at the seaside. 13. What will the man probably do later? A. Buy a map. B. Have dinner. ‘ C. Go to a museum. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 14 What do storm hunters do? A. They follow tornadoes and study them. B. They save ‘people in stormy weather. C. They collect pictures about tornadoes. 15. What does Dt. Roberts usually do to study tornadoes? A. Read magazines about tornadoes. B. Measure tornadoes closely in his car. C. Invent instruments to forecast tornadoes. 16. What does Dr. Roberts plan to do in the future? A. Publish an article on tornadoes in a magazine. B. Get more people interested in tornadoes. C. Record the inside of a tornado. 听下面一段独白, 回答以下小题。 17. How often is the quiz show for children broadcast? A. Daily. B. Weekly C. Monthly. 18. What are the questions about? A. Science. B. Sports. C. Entertainment. 19. What will the winners get next week? A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A mobile phone. 20. What should children do to join the show? A. Provide their personal information. B. Send a photo to the TV station. C. Fill in an application form. 第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 What is body surfing? Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools such as a surfboard. That’s why it is called the “purest” form of surfing. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports—free climbing and cliff diving are. others—that can be practiced using nothing but the human body. How do you do it? To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and, as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and, if you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave. What do you need? It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to speed up along the wave. If you are lucky enough to be surfing in warm water, make sure you have your boardshorts at the ready. Unofficial world championship Bodysurfing is not a professional sport, but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history, has also competed. 1. How does a bodysurfer surf while in the sea? A. Only using the human body. B. Only relying on a surfboard. C. Only following a wave. D. Only swimming along the beach. 2. Which can make you surf faster? A. Flippers and a wetsuit. B. A wetsuit and a handboard. C. A handboard and boardshorts. D. A handboard and Flippers. 3. What can we know about the Pipeline Body surfing Classic? A. It is for local bodysurfers. B. It is held annually in Hawaii. C. All famous bodysurfers favor it. D. Mike Stewart attends it every year. B He Zehui, a Chinese nuclear physicist, accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist. Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists, including her two sisters. She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940, she earned a Ph. D. in Engineering. The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission （铀核裂变），which drew global attention and earned them worldwide reputations, also marking a milestone in the development of China's experimental fission physics. Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”・ As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China, Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. During the 1950s, she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions（核乳胶）in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that time. He and her research group took the lead in building China's first nuclear reactor and accelerator. She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development. Throughout her career, He conquered many obstacles, and was always on the front lines of China's science-related work. She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame. The world's top physicists recognized He as a famous scientist, “ Chinese Madame Curie”. He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97, nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang. She dedicated herself to science, living a simple life, always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued. She loved her country and science; to both she is now an icon. 4. What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui? A. Identity background. B. Character personalities. C. Education experiences. D. Profession competence. 5. What do we know about Qian Sanqiang? A. He died following his wife in 1991. B. He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences. C. He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. D. He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist. 6. Why is He Zehui acknowledged as "The Chinese Marie Curie”？ A. For her great contributions to nuclear physics. B. For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb. C. For her continuous achievement in natural science. D. For her research of nuclear emulsions. 7. How can we fittingly describe He Zehui? A. Ambitious, talented, conservative and determined. B. Unselfish, patriotic, indifferent to fame and devoted to science. C. Aggressive, imaginative, strong in mind and kind in heart. D. Knowledgeable, awesome, creative and sociable. C Some of the recent scientific studies have found that people who receive higher education live longer than those who do not. According to a new study, reading books extends lifespan (寿命) by up to two years, and the more often you read, the better. Back in 1975, economists concluded that longer lifespan is linked to the wealth of a person, and that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self-evident: everything people need to be healthy from food to medical care costs’ money. But soon it was realized that the data didn’t always fit that theory. Economic success didn’t always mean longer lives. In the 1980s, researchers found gaining higher education is connected with a greater increase in lifespan than gains in wealth. One fact is of teachers and college professors: they live longer than the rest of the population. The reason is that they engage in research most of their lives for teaching or publishing, which increases their lifespanand most importantly also retards their aging process. Let’s look at what benefits educated people. Educated people get routinely involved in social networks; they get access to information because of their ability to understand information. They can easily navigate the health care system; they have more social support. Reading helps us understand how other people think and feel. Reading improves our emotional intelligence. This understanding can improve the quality of a person’s life as it would allow the person to act with better judgment and have more insight into the feelings and thought patterns of others. Research has shown that reading changes certain areas of the brain and causes certain other parts to be active. This effect can also be observed in adults who learn to read much later in life. Learning has no age bar. Each and every human is born with the right to be educated. So, don’t hold back your urge to learn. The goal of education is to improve intelligence as well as the lifespan. 8. What conclusion did economists in 1975 draw? A. People need high-quality food to keep healthy. B. Medical care costs more money than food. C. Most old people have the’ habit of reading. D. Wealthy people tend to live longer. 9. What did researchers find in the 1980s? A. Health has nothing to do with wealth. B. Education does affect people’s lifespan. C. Economic success always belongs to professors. D. Children from poor families can rarely gain higher education. 10. What does’ the underlined word "retards" in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Speeds up. B. Turns back. C. Slows down. D. Contributes to. 11. What is the advantage of educated people according to Paragraph 4? A. They are more connected to the society. B. They can set up their own health care system. C. They learn more about human body and medical care. D. They are skilled in doing research through social networks. D Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green, sustainable fuels. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020 according to Reuters. Airbus, a European multinational aerospace corporation, has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. The company plans to launch hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2035, according to Daily Mail. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50. This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs, according to Australia’s renewable energy agency. Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. Japan’s Kawasaki Heavy Industries is set to complete the construction of the world’s first liquefied hydrogen carrier by early 2021. According to Reuters, most of the world’s big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨), which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only -33 C. With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. “We could use these circumstances, where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system, to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy,” said Diederik Samsom, who heads the European Commission’s climate cabinet. 12 What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel? A. It works very efficiently. B. It is convenient to store. C. It is environmentally friendly. D. It produces no by-product. 13. What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen? A. The expensive cost of shipping. B. The required temperature. C. The construction of liquefied carriers. D. Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia. 14. In which industries does green hydrogen benefit for? A. Those powered by fossil fuels. B. Those generating electricity. C. Those funded by public money. D. Those making hydrogen. 15. What is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Fueling a Green Future B. Living a Green Life. C. Shipping Liquid Hydrogen D. Making Hydrogen Competitive 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people might feel lost during a major transition(转折)in life. Life coaching, however, is the best choice for anyone who is looking for ways to get through the tough path of life. —___16___ Some life coaches might focus only on certain types of situations, like advancing careers, while others may be willing to help with nearly any life transition. A life coach will often act as an advisor for his clients(客户).___17___ Many times, he will also be able to look at a client’s life with n fair eye and ofter fresh ideas on certain situations. In doing so,the life coach will usually be able to help his client work through any problems he may face. ___18___ During this interview, the life coach should find out what the client’s wants, needs and goals are in life. How to help each client is different to everyone, and it is a very individualized process.___19___ Because of this, a life coach must develop plans based on each client’s strengths, weaknesses, abilities and so on. A life coach will also usually take each client’s morals and values into consideration. Some life coaches may be able to find employment with a few select universities and corporations. There are also a handful of large life coaching firms that hire life coaches as well. The majority of life coaches, however, work for themselves, opening their own life coaching practices. ___20___ A. Methods that work for one client may not work for another. B. A good life coach should try to satisfy all the needs of his clients. C. He is often expected to listen closely to their concerns and problems. D. Before a life coach can help a client, he first needs an in-depth interview. E. Life coaches offer guidance to all types of people in different stages of their lives. F. In some cases, life coaches may work together and offer a wider range of services. G. Generally, there are no strict education requirements for starting a life coaching career. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently, our school held an activity called “Us After Ten Years”, where the speakers presented what they would become in the future. At first, I didn’t care about the___21___, but just four days before the ceremony, my head teacher asked me to___22___ one student who got ill. There were three barriers during my___23___. Firstly, I didn’t have a clear career path at that time. Luckily, my classmates ___24___ that I choose to be a diplomat, who is eloquent (善辩的), ___25___, and enjoys critical thinking, like me. Secondly, I had to choose a representative scene to show my career. My first ___26___ was to hold a press conference. However, that would have taken ___27___ than the scheduled time. Ultimately, I decided to give a speech to the current students about my job. Finally, I had to decide the presentation ___28___. During my first two practices, I tried to ___29___ the present Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesmen. But I couldn’t find myself like them when speaking. I told myself: “You are ___30___, so be yourself and create your own style.” Then came my time. I took a deep breath and walked ___31___ onto the stage, ___32___ to my audience. The bright lights and screams from the auditorium suddenly surrounded me tightly. Fortunately, everything went as expected. When the last speech concluded, the heavy burden suddenly ___33___ into a whole sense of relief, then a sense of pride. I’m proud that I have ___34___ the mental barriers. I’m also proud of Chinese diplomats, who meet all kinds of questions and ___35___. but manage to keep showing Chinese wisdom. That’s the kind of person I want to be. 21. A. career. B. activity C. result D. theory 22. A. get rid of B. make use of C. take charge of D. take the place of 23. A. preparation B. examination C. preview D. recovery 24 A. urged B. requested C. suggested D. commanded 25. A. aggressive B. hardworking C. stubborn D. introverted 26. A. design B. behavior C. impression D. belief 27. A. harder B. shorter C. longer D. faster 28. A. advantage B. style. C. purpose D. drawback 29. A. understand B. persuade C. lead D. imitate. 30. A. unique B. optimistic C. tolerate. D. intelligent 31. A. slowly B. impatiently C. steadily D. hardly 32. A. shaking B. waving C. shouting D. wishing 33. A. shifted B. translated C. erupted D. adjusted 34. A. doubled B. impressed C. formed D. overcome 35. A. solutions B. answers C. emergencies D. measures 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese taikonauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, conducted the science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers ___36___ they live and work inside the space station. When ___37___ (reply) to a Hong Kong student’s question about water, Wang explained that the water they drink ___38___ (recycle), noting that there is no difference in taste ___39___ regular water and recycled water and every drop of water is made full use of there. In an experiment, she created a water film using a metal ring and a bag ___40___ (fill) with water. Then she placed on the water film a paper flower bud (花蕾) prepared by her daughter and her before the journey. The bud turned around ___41___ (magical) on the film and “blossomed.” Zhai ___42___ (introduce) the “penguin jumpsuit” Ye was wearing during the class. The suit has multiple flexible bands inside to help the astronauts maintain their muscle ___43___ (strong). Ye demonstrated experiments related to cell growth in the ___44___ (weight) environment in space. They compared ___45___ growth and shape of cells in artificial gravity and zero-gravity to study their changing rules and mechanisms. 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 2022年北京冬奥会全国掀起了全民健身的新高潮。假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，倡议全体师生积极参与全民健身活动，内容包括： 1. 健身的好处； 2. 具体的项目； 3. 号召大家积极参与。 注意：词数不少于80。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It’s a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond, a 30-year-old construction worker, loved the sport, especially catching bass (鲈鱼) and had impressed on his oldest daughter, Lizzy, a love of the outdoors, teaching her how to bait (下诱饵) a hook and cast a line and brave the waves. The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean, and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore, they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Molly, at a table on the boat’s lower deck (甲板). Their father’s sharp orders woke her up: “Get out of the boat. The boat’s sinking!” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Bond, who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds, the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air. Looking into the faces of her father, mother, and sister, Lizzy wasn’t frightened. After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. “I’ll be back,” he said before disappearing into the darkness. “Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us,” Lizzy said to herself. After some time, her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mother’s chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldn’t float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her. To keep herself awake, Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel, order room service, and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed, cozy and warm. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023届高三上期半期考英语科试卷 时间: 120分钟 总分: 150分 第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. B. 答案是 C。 1. What color skirt does the woman want? A. Brown. B. Yellow. C. Pink. 2. Where is the train station? A. On Market Road. B. On First Street. C. On Church Street. 3. When did the man see Jim? A. At 3 o’clock. B. At 4 o’clock. C. At 5 o’clock. 4. What does the woman mean? A. Miss Green is very like her last neighbor. B. Miss Green opens a dancing hall. C. Miss Green is noisy. 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. Whether the girl likes math or not. B. Who broke the window of the classroom. C. Why the girl didn’t come to the math class. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟, 听完后, 各小题将给出: 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 6. What is the man like? A. He is shy. B. He is sociable. C. He is confident. 7. What does the man think will probably make Sarah’s parents shocked? A. His clothes. B. His hair style. C. His job. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 8. What relation is Jack to the woman? A. Her colleague. B. Her neighbor. C. Her husband. 9. What do we know about Jack? A. He cannot cook at all. B. He does lots of housework. C. His office is far from home: 10. What does the woman help do at home? A. She does some cooking. B. She does some washing. C. She does some cleaning. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 11. What is the man doing? A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel. 12. Why does the man come to New York? A. To have a meeting. B. To visit museums. C. To enjoy himself at the seaside. 13. What will the man probably do later? A. Buy a map. B. Have dinner. ‘ C. Go to a museum. 听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。 14. What do storm hunters do? A. They follow tornadoes and study them. B. They save ‘people in stormy weather. C. They collect pictures about tornadoes. 15. What does Dt. Roberts usually do to study tornadoes? A. Read magazines about tornadoes. B. Measure tornadoes closely in his car. C. Invent instruments to forecast tornadoes. 16. What does Dr. Roberts plan to do in the future? A. Publish an article on tornadoes in a magazine. B. Get more people interested in tornadoes. C. Record the inside of a tornado. 听下面一段独白, 回答以下小题。 17. How often is the quiz show for children broadcast? A. Daily. B. Weekly C. Monthly. 18. What are the questions about? A. Science. B. Sports. C. Entertainment. 19. What will the winners get next week? A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A mobile phone. 20. What should children do to join the show? A. Provide their personal information. B. Send a photo to the TV station. C. Fill in an application form. 第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 What is body surfing? Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools such as a surfboard. That’s why it is called the “purest” form of surfing. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports—free climbing and cliff diving are. others—that can be practiced using nothing but the human body. How do you do it? To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and, as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and, if you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave. What do you need? It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to speed up along the wave. If you are lucky enough to be surfing in warm water, make sure you have your boardshorts at the ready. Unofficial world championship Bodysurfing is not a professional sport but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history, has also competed. 1. How does a bodysurfer surf while in the sea? A. Only using the human body. B. Only relying on a surfboard. C. Only following a wave. D. Only swimming along the beach. 2. Which can make you surf faster? A. Flippers and a wetsuit. B. A wetsuit and a handboard. C. A handboard and boardshorts. D. A handboard and Flippers. 3. What can we know about the Pipeline Body surfing Classic? A. It is for local bodysurfers. B. It is held annually in Hawaii. C. All famous bodysurfers favor it. D. Mike Stewart attends it every year. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项非专业的运动——人体冲浪。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools such as a surfboard.和that can be practiced using nothing but the human body.可知，人体冲浪是在没有冲浪板等辅助工具帮助的情况下在海浪上冲浪。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). 如果你使用脚蹼会更舒适、更安全，和Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to speed up along the wave. 一只手拿着冲浪板可以加速冲浪。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Bodysurfing is not a professional sport, but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year. 在夏威夷每年都会有一个名为管道人体冲浪经典的节日。故选B。 【点睛】文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题1选择项中关键词句的Only using the human body，到文章找到关键词句using nothing but the human body.。所以我们考生要通过比较这些细微区别，仔细辨别才能得出答案。 B He Zehui, a Chinese nuclear physicist, accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist. Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists, including her two sisters. She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940, she earned a Ph. D. in Engineering. The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission （铀核裂变），which drew global attention and earned them worldwide reputations, also marking a milestone in the development of China's experimental fission physics. Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”・ As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China, Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. During the 1950s, she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions（核乳胶）in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that time. He and her research group took the lead in building China's first nuclear reactor and accelerator. She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development. Throughout her career, He conquered many obstacles, and was always on the front lines of China's science-related work. She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame. The world's top physicists recognized He as a famous scientist, “ Chinese Madame Curie”. He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97, nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang. She dedicated herself to science, living a simple life, always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued. She loved her country and science; to both she is now an icon. 4. What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui? A. Identity background. B. Character personalities. C. Education experiences. D. Profession competence. 5. What do we know about Qian Sanqiang? A. He died following his wife in 1991. B. He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences. C. He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. D. He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist. 6. Why is He Zehui acknowledged as "The Chinese Marie Curie”？ A. For her great contributions to nuclear physics. B. For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb. C. For her continuous achievement in natural science. D. For her research of nuclear emulsions. 7. How can we fittingly describe He Zehui? A. Ambitious, talented, conservative and determined. B. Unselfish, patriotic, indifferent to fame and devoted to science. C. Aggressive, imaginative, strong in mind and kind in heart. D. Knowledgeable, awesome, creative and sociable. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了“中国的居里夫人”何泽慧及其成就。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940, she earned a Ph. D. in Engineering.( 1936年，她毕业于清华大学物理系，随后进入柏林工业大学学习。在那里，她以优异的成绩超越了她未来的丈夫、中国的“原子弹之父”钱三强，成为班上的第一名。1940年，她获得了工程学博士学位。)”可知，本段主要介绍何泽慧的教育经历。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang — China's "father of the atomic bomb”. (随后进入柏林工业大学学习。在那里，她以优异的成绩超越了她未来的丈夫、中国的“原子弹之父”钱三强，成为班上的第一名。)”和第三段介绍的夫妻俩的成就可知，其丈夫钱三强也是一位伟大的中国科学家。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“He Zehui, a Chinese nuclear physicist, accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist.(中国核物理学家何泽辉在物理学上做出了巨大成就，成为一名杰出的科学家。)”、第三段的最后一句“Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”. (许多西方媒体称这对夫妇的“中国居里夫人和皮埃尔·居里”。)”和第四段的第一句“As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China, Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. (作为我国核科学技术的开拓者之一，何教授对核物理做出了重要贡献。)”可知，因何泽慧对中国的核物理作出了巨大贡献，西方媒体称其为“中国的居里夫人”。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame.(她发表了几十篇论文，但并不看重个人名声。)”和最后一段“She dedicated herself to science, living a simple life, always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued. She loved her country and science;(她献身于科学，过着简朴的生活，总是培养年轻的研究人员，保持着她一直以来所重视的最高标准。她爱她的国家和科学;)”可知，何泽慧淡泊名利、爱国、乐于助人，献身于中国的科学事业，有极高的科研素养，对中国的核物理的研究和发展作出了极大的贡献，是值得我们学习、顶礼膜拜的杰出的核物理学家。故选B。 C Some of the recent scientific studies have found that people who receive higher education live longer than those who do not. According to a new study, reading books extends lifespan (寿命) by up to two years, and the more often you read, the better. Back in 1975, economists concluded that longer lifespan is linked to the wealth of a person, and that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self-evident: everything people need to be healthy from food to medical care costs’ money. But soon it was realized that the data didn’t always fit that theory. Economic success didn’t always mean longer lives. In the 1980s, researchers found gaining higher education is connected with a greater increase in lifespan than gains in wealth. One fact is of teachers and college professors: they live longer than the rest of the population. The reason is that they engage in research most of their lives for teaching or publishing, which increases their lifespanand most importantly also retards their aging process. Let’s look at what benefits educated people. Educated people get routinely involved in social networks; they get access to information because of their ability to understand information. They can easily navigate the health care system; they have more social support. Reading helps us understand how other people think and feel. Reading improves our emotional intelligence. This understanding can improve the quality of a person’s life as it would allow the person to act with better judgment and have more insight into the feelings and thought patterns of others. Research has shown that reading changes certain areas of the brain and causes certain other parts to be active. This effect can also be observed in adults who learn to read much later in life. Learning has no age bar. Each and every human is born with the right to be educated. So, don’t hold back your urge to learn. The goal of education is to improve intelligence as well as the lifespan. 8. What conclusion did economists in 1975 draw? A. People need high-quality food to keep healthy. B. Medical care costs more money than food. C. Most old people have the’ habit of reading. D. Wealthy people tend to live longer. 9. What did researchers find in the 1980s? A. Health has nothing to do with wealth. B. Education does affect people’s lifespan. C. Economic success always belongs to professors. D. Children from poor families can rarely gain higher education. 10. What does’ the underlined word "retards" in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Speeds up. B. Turns back. C. Slows down. D. Contributes to. 11. What is the advantage of educated people according to Paragraph 4? A. They are more connected to the society. B. They can set up their own health care system. C. They learn more about human body and medical care. D. They are skilled in doing research through social networks. 【答案】8 D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的一些科学研究发现，接受高等教育的人比没接受高等教育的人活得更长。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Back in 1975, economists concluded that longer lifespan is linked to the wealth of a person, and that wealth itself increases longevity.(早在1975年，经济学家们就得出结论，寿命的延长与个人的财富有关，而财富本身也能延长寿命)”可知，1975年经济学家们的结论是：财富能让人长寿，即富人往往寿命更长。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the 1980s, researchers found gaining higher education is connected with a greater increase in lifespan than gains in wealth.(上世纪80年代，研究人员发现，接受高等教育与寿命延长的关系要大于财富增长)”可知，20世纪80年代研究人员发现教育的确能影响人的寿命。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“One fact is of teachers and college professors: they live longer than the rest of the population. The reason is that they engage in research most of their lives for teaching or publishing, which increases their life span and most importantly also retards their aging process.(一个事实是教师和大学教授：他们比其他人活得长。原因是他们一生中大部分时间都在从事教学或出版的研究，这延长了他们的寿命，最重要的是，也retards了他们的衰老过程)”可知，教师和教授比其他人活得更长，教学和出版的研究延长了他们的寿命，由此可知，这些活动也减缓了他们的衰老过程。即划线部分意为 “减缓”，与slows down同义。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Educated people get routinely involved in social networks; they get access to information because of their ability to understand information. They can easily navigate the health care system; they have more social support.（受过教育的人经常参与社交网络；他们能接触到信息，因为他们有理解信息的能力。他们可以很容易地驾驭卫生保健系统；他们有更多的社会支持）”可知，受过高等教育的人的优势是他们与社会联系更紧密。故选A。 D Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green, sustainable fuels. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020, according to Reuters. Airbus, a European multinational aerospace corporation, has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. The company plans to launch hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2035, according to Daily Mail. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50. This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs, according to Australia’s renewable energy agency. Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. Japan’s Kawasaki Heavy Industries is set to complete the construction of the world’s first liquefied hydrogen carrier by early 2021. According to Reuters, most of the world’s big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨), which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only -33 C. With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. “We could use these circumstances, where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system, to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy,” said Diederik Samsom, who heads the European Commission’s climate cabinet. 12. What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel? A. It works very efficiently. B. It is convenient to store. C. It is environmentally friendly. D. It produces no by-product. 13. What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen? A. The expensive cost of shipping. B. The required temperature. C. The construction of liquefied carriers. D. Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia. 14 In which industries does green hydrogen benefit for? A. Those powered by fossil fuels. B. Those generating electricity. C. Those funded by public money. D. Those making hydrogen. 15. What is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Fueling a Green Future B. Living a Green Life. C. Shipping Liquid Hydrogen D. Making Hydrogen Competitive 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为了降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. (它已经设计研发了一款内含氢的燃料电池舱，将其置于飞机机翼的下方，以此实现零碳排放的目标)”可知，燃料电池舱的主要优点就在于环保。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so.(此外，运输液氢也很有挑战性，因为液氢需要冷却到-253℃)”可知，液态氢气的运输需要先将其冷却至超低温。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. (随着越来越多的国家致力于减少碳排放来解决全球变暖问题，绿色氢气将帮助那些无法实现电气化的脱碳产业实现目标)”可知，绿色氢可以让以化石燃料为动力的行业受益。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green, sustainable fuels. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel.(气候变化一直是一个长期存在的问题，不断驱使科学家寻找绿色、可持续的燃料。宇宙中最丰富的元素——氢，已经引起了他们的注意，现在它正在成为未来的绿色燃料)”结合文章主要介绍为了降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。可知，A选项“推动绿色未来”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people might feel lost during a major transition(转折)in life. Life coaching, however, is the best choice for anyone who is looking for ways to get through the tough path of life. —___16___ Some life coaches might focus only on certain types of situations, like advancing careers, while others may be willing to help with nearly any life transition. A life coach will often act as an advisor for his clients(客户).___17___ Many times, he will also be able to look at a client’s life with n fair eye and ofter fresh ideas on certain situations. In doing so,the life coach will usually be able to help his client work through any problems he may face. ___18___ During this interview, the life coach should find out what the client’s wants, needs and goals are in life. How to help each client is different to everyone, and it is a very individualized process.___19___ Because of this, a life coach must develop plans based on each client’s strengths, weaknesses, abilities and so on. A life coach will also usually take each client’s morals and values into consideration. Some life coaches may be able to find employment with a few select universities and corporations. There are also a handful of large life coaching firms that hire life coaches as well. The majority of life coaches, however, work for themselves, opening their own life coaching practices. ___20___ A. Methods that work for one client may not work for another. B. A good life coach should try to satisfy all the needs of his clients. C. He is often expected to listen closely to their concerns and problems. D. Before a life coach can help a client, he first needs an in-depth interview. E. Life coaches offer guidance to all types of people in different stages of their lives. F. In some cases, life coaches may work together and offer a wider range of services. G. Generally, there are no strict education requirements for starting a life coaching career. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【分析】文本是一篇说明文。主要讲述不同类型的人生导师如何为客户工作的。 【16题详解】 根据后句Some life coaches might focus only on certain types of situations, like advancing careers, while others may be willing to help with nearly any life transition.两类不同的人生导师可知，生活导师为不同阶段的各类人提供指导。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据前句A life coach will often act as an advisor for his clients(客户). 和后句Many times, he will also be able to look at a client’s life with a fair eye and offer fresh ideas on certain situations.可知，人生导师是客户的顾问，其后叙述人生导师是如何为客户服务的。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后句During this interview, the life coach should find out what the client’s wants, needs and goals are in life.中关键词this interview可知，在生活导师帮助客户之前，他首先需要进行深入的面谈。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前句How to help each client is different to everyone, and it is a very individualized process.和后句Because of this, a life coach must develop plans based on each client’s strengths, weaknesses, abilities and so on.可知，生活导师必须根据每个客户的优点、缺点、能力等等制定计划，说明用在一个客户的方法可能不适用于另外一个客户。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据前面两句There are also a handful of large life coaching firms that hire life coaches as well. The majority of life coaches, however, work for themselves, opening their own life coaching practices. 可知，大多数生活导师，而是为自己工作，开启自己的实战指导，说明在某种程度上，两个或两个以上的生活导师可以一起工作，提供更广泛的服务。故选G。 【点睛】七选五题型解题技巧之定位选项。 首先明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。例如小题3中根据后句During this interview, the life coach should find out what the client’s wants, needs and goals are in life.，抓住关键词interview，与选择项中Before a life coach can help a client, he first needs an in-depth interview.所表达的内容是相同的，其衔接是一致的，从而选出答案。 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently, our school held an activity called “Us After Ten Years”, where the speakers presented what they would become in the future. At first, I didn’t care about the___21___, but just four days before the ceremony, my head teacher asked me to___22___ one student who got ill. There were three barriers during my___23___. Firstly, I didn’t have a clear career path at that time. Luckily, my classmates ___24___ that I choose to be a diplomat, who is eloquent (善辩的), ___25___, and enjoys critical thinking, like me. Secondly, I had to choose a representative scene to show my career. My first ___26___ was to hold a press conference. However, that would have taken ___27___ than the scheduled time. Ultimately, I decided to give a speech to the current students about my job. Finally, I had to decide the presentation ___28___. During my first two practices, I tried to ___29___ the present Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesmen. But I couldn’t find myself like them when speaking. I told myself: “You are ___30___, so be yourself and create your own style.” Then came my time. I took a deep breath and walked ___31___ onto the stage, ___32___ to my audience. The bright lights and screams from the auditorium suddenly surrounded me tightly. Fortunately, everything went as expected. When the last speech concluded, the heavy burden suddenly ___33___ into a whole sense of relief, then a sense of pride. I’m proud that I have ___34___ the mental barriers. I’m also proud of Chinese diplomats, who meet all kinds of questions and ___35___. but manage to keep showing Chinese wisdom. That’s the kind of person I want to be. 21. A. career. B. activity C. result D. theory 22. A. get rid of B. make use of C. take charge of D. take the place of 23. A. preparation B. examination C. preview D. recovery 24. A. urged B. requested C. suggested D. commanded 25. A. aggressive B. hardworking C. stubborn D. introverted 26. A. design B. behavior C. impression D. belief 27. A. harder B. shorter C. longer D. faster 28. A. advantage B. style. C. purpose D. drawback 29. A. understand B. persuade C. lead D. imitate. 30. A. unique B. optimistic C. tolerate. D. intelligent 31. A. slowly B. impatiently C. steadily D. hardly 32. A. shaking B. waving C. shouting D. wishing 33. A. shifted B. translated C. erupted D. adjusted 34. A. doubled B. impressed C. formed D. overcome 35. A. solutions B. answers C. emergencies D. measures 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者代替一个生病的同学参加关于未来职业的活动，讲述了准备过程和发表演讲的经过和心理活动。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我并不关心这个活动，但就在仪式的前四天，我的班主任让我代替一个生病的学生。A. career事业；B. activity活动；C. result结果；D. theory理论。呼应上文“our school held an activity”指作者不关心这项活动。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一开始，我并不关心这个活动，但就在仪式的前四天，我的班主任让我代替一个生病的学生。A. get rid of摆脱；B. make use of利用；C. take charge of负责；D. take the place of代替。根据后文“one student who got ill”可知作者要去代替一个生病的学生参加活动。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的准备过程中有三个障碍。A. preparation准备；B. examination检查；C. preview回顾；D. recovery恢复。根据下文“Firstly, I didn’t have a clear career path at that time”以及下文内容可知，活动还没有开始，所以这里是作者需要做的准备。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的同学建议我选择做一名外交家，外交家像我一样雄辩、不辞劳苦、喜欢批判性思维。A. urged催促；B. requested要求；C. suggested建议；D. commanded命令。根据后文“that I choose to be a diplomat”可知同学建议作者做外交家。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的同学建议我选择做一名外交家，像我一样雄辩、不辞劳苦、喜欢批判性思维。A. aggressive挑衅的；B. hardworking苦干的；不辞劳苦的；C. stubborn固执的；D. introverted不爱交际的。根据上文“I choose to be a diplomat, who is eloquent”可知在列举外交家的优点：雄辩、不辞劳苦、喜欢批判性思维。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个计划是召开一场新闻发布会。A. design设计；计划；B. behavior行为；C. impression印象；D. belief信念。根据上文“Secondly, I had to choose a representative scene to show my career.(其次，我必须选择一个有代表性的场景来展示我的职业生涯)”可知，为了展示外交家的职业生涯，作者第一个计划是召开一场新闻发布会。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这将花费比预定时间更长的时间。A. harder更努力的；B. shorter 更短的；C. longer更长的；D. faster更快的。根据however和后文“than the scheduled time”指花费比预定时间更长的时间，应用longer。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我必须决定演讲的风格。A. advantage优势；B. style风格；C. purpose目的；D. drawback缺点。结合后文“so be yourself and create your own style”本段主要说明了作者准备过程中的三个障碍，最后一个障碍是决定演讲的风格。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的前两次练习中，我试图模仿中国外交部目前的发言人。A. understand理解；B. persuade说服；C. lead带领；D. imitate模仿。根据后文“the present Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesmen”可知作者试图模仿中国外交部目前的发言人。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己：“你是独一无二的，所以做你自己，创造你自己的风格。”A. unique独一无二的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. tolerate忍受；D. intelligent聪明的。根据后文“so be yourself and create your own style”可知做自己、创造自己的风格是因为自己是独一无二的。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，平稳地走上舞台，向观众挥手致意。A. slowly缓慢地；B. impatiently无耐心地；C. steadily平稳地；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“ I took a deep breath”和后文“oFortunately, everything went as expected.”可推断，作者稳步走上台，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，平稳地走上舞台，向观众挥手致意。A. shaking摇晃；B. waving挥动；C. shouting叫喊；D. wishing希望。结合常识，作者上了台，首先是向观众挥手致意。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当最后一个演讲结束时，沉重的负担突然变成了一种轻松的感觉，然后是一种自豪感。A. shifted转移；B. translated翻译；C. erupted爆发；D. adjusted调整。根据前文的“ the heavy burden”后文“into a whole sense of relief, then a sense of pride”可知，随着演讲结束，沉重的负担突然变成了一种轻松的感觉，shift into表示“变成”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很自豪我已经克服了心理障碍。A. doubled翻倍；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. formed形成；D. overcome克服。根据前文“I’m proud”指克服心理障碍，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也为中国的外交官们感到骄傲，他们面对各种各样的问题和紧急情况，但仍然努力展示中国的智慧。A. solutions解决方案；B. answers回答；C. emergencies紧急事件；D. measures措施。根据上文“Chinese diplomats, who meet all kinds of questions and”指中国的外交官面对各种各样的问题和紧急情况，故选C。 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese taikonauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, conducted the science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers ___36___ they live and work inside the space station. When ___37___ (reply) to a Hong Kong student’s question about water Wang explained that the water they drink ___38___ (recycle), noting that there is no difference in taste ___39___ regular water and recycled water and every drop of water is made full use of there. In an experiment, she created a water film using a metal ring and a bag ___40___ (fill) with water. Then she placed on the water film a paper flower bud (花蕾) prepared by her daughter and her before the journey. The bud turned around ___41___ (magical) on the film and “blossomed.” Zhai ___42___ (introduce) the “penguin jumpsuit” Ye was wearing during the class. The suit has multiple flexible bands inside to help the astronauts maintain their muscle ___43___ (strong). Ye demonstrated experiments related to cell growth in the ___44___ (weight) environment in space. They compared ___45___ growth and shape of cells in artificial gravity and zero-gravity to study their changing rules and mechanisms. 【答案】36. how 37. replying 38. is recycled 39. between 40. filled 41. magically 42. introduced 43. strength 44. weightless 45. the 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光福在距地球400公里的太空进行的科学讲座。 【36题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：他们与来自中国五个教室的学生进行了互动并向观众们展示他们是如何在太空站生活与工作的。分析句子结构可知，“_____they live and work inside the space station.”作动词showed(展示)的宾语，是宾语从句，结合句意分析从句结构，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how来引导。故填how。 【37题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词，结合句意，分析子可知，“When 　　　 (reply) to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”是时间状语从句，原句为“When Wang is replying to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略Wang is后，应保留现在分词replying。故填replying。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。分析句子可知，recycle(循环利用)是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语the water之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语the water是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is recycled。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“……与……之间”。故填between。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一次实验中，她用一个金属环和一个装满水的袋子制作了一种水膜。分析句子可知，fill(装满)作后置定语修饰名词bag，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语bag之间是被动关系，且“装满水”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填filled。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：花蕾在胶片上神奇地转了个身，开花了。根据句意可知，提示词修饰动词短语turned around，应用副词形式magically，意为“神奇地”。故填magically。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：翟老师介绍了叶老师上课时穿的企鹅连体衣。分析句子可知，introduce(介绍)是句中谓语动词，与主语Zhai之间是主动关系，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填introduced。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：宇航服内部有多个可弯曲的带，以帮助宇航员保持他们的肌肉强度。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词their可知，应填入名词strength构成名词词组muscle strength作宾语，意为“肌肉强度”。故填strength。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：叶教授演示了在太空失重环境下细胞生长的相关实验。根据句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词environment(环境)，应用形容词形式，结合常识，此处表示“失重的环境”，应用形容词weightless。故填weightless。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他们比较了人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的生长和形状，以研究它们的变化规律和机制。句中指人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的“生长和形状”，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 2022年北京冬奥会全国掀起了全民健身的新高潮。假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，倡议全体师生积极参与全民健身活动，内容包括： 1. 健身的好处； 2. 具体的项目； 3. 号召大家积极参与。 注意：词数不少于80。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, more and more people actively participate in exercise. Not only can exercise harden our muscle and keep a good figure, but also relax our body and mind when feeling stressed. Most importantly, taking exercise is also beneficial for avoiding diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes and so on. You can do all kinds of exercise, ranging from ping-pong, the most popular sport in China, to other ball games, such as basketball, football and volleyball. You can also go swimming, or even run around the playground. I hope everyone do some exercise in their spare time. Let’s go out to do more exercise. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。2022年北京冬奥会全国掀起了全民健身的新高潮。假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，倡议全体师生积极参与全民健身活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 各种各样的：all kinds of→various 有益的：be beneficial for→be of benefit 在空闲时间：in one‘s spare time→in one's free time 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：You can do all kinds of exercise, ranging from ping-pong, the most popular sport in China, to other ball games, such as basketball, football and volleyball. 拓展句：You can do all kinds of exercise, ranging from ping-pong, which is the most popular sport in China, to other ball games, such as basketball, football and volleyball. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only can exercise harden our muscle and keep a good figure, but also relax our body and mind when feeling stressed. (运用了部分倒装) [高分句型2] Most importantly, taking exercise is also beneficial for avoiding diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes and so on. (运用了动名词作主语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It’s a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond, a 30-year-old construction worker, loved the sport, especially catching bass (鲈鱼) and had impressed on his oldest daughter, Lizzy, a love of the outdoors, teaching her how to bait (下诱饵) a hook and cast a line and brave the waves. The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean, and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore, they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Molly, at a table on the boat’s lower deck (甲板). Their father’s sharp orders woke her up: “Get out of the boat. The boat’s sinking!” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Bond, who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds, the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air. Looking into the faces of her father, mother, and sister, Lizzy wasn’t frightened. After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. “I’ll be back,” he said before disappearing into the darkness. “Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us,” Lizzy said to herself. After some time, her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mother’s chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldn’t float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her. To keep herself awake, Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel, order room service, and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed, cozy and warm. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After several hours Lizzy heard her name called in the distance. “It’s dad.” Lizzy called out and began to shake her sleepy mother and sister. Mother opened her eyes and squeezed out a faint smile and fell asleep again. Through the thick fog, a white small boat sliding close. Lizzy cried out, “Dad, here”, with tears rolling down her face. Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved. She knew they were rescued. On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them. With the help of the nurses, they all got in. Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed. Suddenly, Lizzy turned to her father and said, “I knew you would be back, Dad.” “I knew you would keep mother and sister safe”, her father hugged her. Tears rolled down their faces. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lizzy和妹妹跟随爸爸妈妈出海钓鱼，遭遇沉船落水，爸爸留下Lizzy照顾妈妈和妹妹，自己游去寻求救援，妈妈的妹妹体力不支快失去意识，只有Lizzy坚持着保护着她们，等待爸爸归来。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个小时后，利奇听到远处有人叫她的名字。”可知，第一段可描写爸爸归来，三人获救。 ②由第二段首句内容“在海岸上，一辆救护车正等着他们”可知，第二段可描写获救后利齐与爸爸的对话。 2.续写线索：爸爸归来——三人获救——得到救助——父女对话 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大喊：cry out/yell/scream ②营救：rescue/save ③在……的帮助下：with the help of/with the aid of 情绪类 ①疲倦的：exhausted/tired 【点睛】[高分句型1] Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved.(运用了where引导定语从句和形容词作状语) [高分句型2] She knew they were rescued.(运用了省略连词的宾语从句) [高分句型3] Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed.(运用了过去分词和现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$