Unit 2 Work and Play 重点词汇拓展（同步课件）-【上好课】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步精品课堂（牛津上海版）

词汇拓展 Unit2 Work and Play 1 /'sɪmɪlə(r)/ similar adj. the same in some way but not completely the same All big cities are quite similar. (be) similar to My new dress is similar to the one you have. (be) nearly the same as /ɪk'spekt/ expect v. think that somebody or something will come or that something will happen I expect he will pass the exam. /'bɪznəs/ business n. [U] buying and selling things Business is very important to Shanghai. [C] a place where people sell or make things, for example a shop or a factory Sony, Ford and Coca-cola are three big businesses. /'wɪzkɪd/ whizz-kid n. a very clever child/student a young person who has done something successfully That whizz-kid knows more than some university professors. /sək'sesfl/ successful adj. have succeeded; having gained an aim He wants to be a successful writer. Jason was quite successful in film making. put on take clothes and wear them Put on your coat when you go out. Peter felt hot and took off his coat. opposite: take off /'lʌkɪlɪ/ luckily adv. it is lucky that Luckily, the police came immediately. Do you remember …? luck /lʌk/ n. lucky /'lʌkɪ/ adj. unlucky /ʌn'lʌkɪ/ adj. opposite: unluckily /ʌn'lʌkɪlɪ/ adv. /'pɒpjələ(r)/ popular n. liked by a lot of people Football is a popular sport in the UK. /rɪ'spɒnsəbl/ responsible adj. having the duty of looking after something or somebody, so that one can be blamed if things go wrong Simon is a responsible boy. (be) responsible for have the duty of something The bus driver is responsible for the passengers’ safety. /seɪl/ sale n. selling things He got only four pounds from the sale of his drawing. /'klaɪənt/ client n. a person who gets services or advice from others He has been an important client of our bank for many years. /'bɔ:rɪŋ/ boring adj. not interesting; dull The lesson was boring. It is boring to listen to the same story all the time. /'sɪmpl/ simple adj. easy to do or understand The little boy can already do simple problem in Maths. opposite: difficult 1+1=? /ə'ʧi:v/ achieve v. do or finish something well after trying hard He hopes to achieve all him aims soon. /feɪl/ fail v. not pass an exam or test His failed (in) his English test. opposite: pass /ɪɡ'zæm/ exam n. a test of what you know or can do Did you pass your physics exam yesterday? /rɪ'tɜ:n/ return v. come or go back to a place The spaceship returned to the Earth on time. give back ‘Can I return these two tickets?’ he asked. /ə'tend/ attend v. go to or be at a place where something is happening More than 200 people attended Mary and John’s wedding. /ə'sɪst/ assist v. help somebody We all assisted in repairing the roof. Could you please assist me to carry the suitcase? /kən'tɪnju:/ continue v. not stop happening or doing something; go on The fighting continued for a week. Tom will continue to do his homework after dinner. /'seldəm/ seldom adv. not often He seldom gets up late in the morning. opposite: often/usually /'ju:ʒʊəlɪ/ usual adj. that happens most often He came home later than usual that day. Shall we meet at the usual time and place? opposite: unusual Do you remember …? usually adv. Using 1．The movie was not interesting. So he got (bore) and felt sleepy soon. 2．To keep healthy, we must (wear) a mask when we are in public now. 3．—Why are you working so hard these days? —Because I (fail) in the Math exam the other day. 4．We need to have enough sleep so that we can be (energy) in class. 5．You should (heat) the food before you eat it. 6．There were wonderful between the twins. (similar) 7．Here are some (article) about protecting the environment. 8．I believe you (achieve) your dream if you keep on working hard. 9．The problem isn’t so (simple) as it seems． 10．My uncle grows a lot of vegetables to them in the market. (sale) 11．We need to take for looking after our own health. (responsible) 12．I think the Chinese food is (popular) food around the world. 13．If my sister jogging, she’ll lose weight. (take up) 14．Mark has been in Shanghai on (busy) for ten years. 15．This change of state is called a change. (physics) 24 Keys 1．bored 【详解】句意：这部电影没意思。所以他觉得无聊，很快就困了。此空修饰的是主语he，修饰人用以ed为结尾的形容词，get bored“感到无聊”，故填bored。 2．wear 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，现在我们在公共场合必须戴口罩。这里情态动词must后跟动词原形wear“戴”。故填wear。 3．failed 【详解】句意：——这些天你为什么这么努力工作？——因为前几天我数学考试不及格。根据“the other day”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式，故填failed。 4．energetic 【详解】句意：我们需要有充足的睡眠，这样我们在课堂上才能精力充沛。根据“We need to have enough sleep so that we can be...(energy) in class.”可知，睡够了，才能在课堂上精力充沛。空处应是形容词energetic“精力充沛的”，在此处作表语。故填energetic。 5．heat 【详解】句意：在你吃之前，你应该把食物加热。根据情态动词“should”可知，此处谓语动词应填原形形式。故填heat。 6．similarities 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎惊人地相似。根据“There were wonderful…”可知，此处应该填一个名词，similar的名词是similarity“相似性”。there be句型中be动词是were，提示名词用复数。故填similarities。 7．articles 【详解】句意：这里有一些关于保护环境的文章。article“文章”，可数名词，some后加可数名词复数，故填articles。 8．will achieve 【详解】句意：我相信如果你继续努力，你会实现你的梦想。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时will do。故填will achieve。 9．simple 【详解】句意：这个问题不像看上去那么简单。simple“简单的”，形容词；not so...as“不如……”，so后用形容词原级。故填so。 10．sell 【详解】句意：我叔叔种了很多蔬菜在市场上卖。动词不定式符号to后加动词原形sell“卖”。故填sell。 11．responsibility 【详解】句意：我们需要承担起照顾自己健康的责任。根据“take”可知，此处填名词；responsible“负责任的”的名词形式为responsibility，此处用单数。故填responsibility。 12．the most popular 【详解】句意：我认为中国菜是世界上最受欢迎的食物。popular“受欢迎的”，是形容词，修饰名词food，用形容词，根据“around the world”可知，此处比较的范围是在三者以上，因此用形容词的最高级，故填the most popular。 13．takes up 【详解】句意：如果我姐姐开始慢跑，她会减肥。根据“If”可知，此处考查“if”引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；从句主语为“my sister”，所以动词用第三人称单数形式takes。故填takes up。 14．business 【详解】句意：马克因公在上海已经十年了。根据“on...”和提示词汇可知，on business表示“因公”，空处需填名词，business“公事”为busy的名词。故选business。 15．physical 【详解】句意：这种状态的变化称为物理变化。由“a…change”可知，此处应填一个形容词，作定语修饰名词change；physics“物理学”，其形容词为physical“物理的”，符合语境。故填physical。 25 Using 16．I want to be a magician in the future, but my parents          (agree) with me about my dream job. 17．Please ask those students          (not return) because it’s dangerous here. 18．I got up late, but          (lucky), I got to school on time. 19．There were quite a few          members in the 20 CPC National Congress (二十大). (success) 20．Jane helps her parents with some housework          a week. (two) 21．The result of the competition is beyond our         . (expect) 22．It is necessary for students to review what they have learned before the          (exam). 23．President Xi          (attend) an important meeting last month, and he gave a talk. 24．        (continue)the rich life, Chinese people keep on working hard. 25．Julie took an          (usual) trip to Africa and had lots of amazing experiences. 26．Our physics teacher gave an          of how sound travels in water. (explain) 27．Many people          (force) to stay at home because of the snowstorm last week. 28．Kate should do more          (physics) exercise, such as walking, running and playing sports. 29．Don’t forgot        (return) that umbrella to me. 30．         (luck), my friends are always with me when I am in trouble. 26 Keys 16．disagree 【详解】句意：我想未来成为一名魔术师，但我的父母不同意我的梦想工作。根据but可知，父母是不同意我的梦想工作，所以应用动词disagree，主语是复数，句子是一般现在时，动词用原形。故填disagree。 17．not to return 【详解】句意：请让那些学生不要回来，因为这里很危险。ask sb. not to do sth.“叫某人不要做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式的否定式。故填not to return。 18．luckily 【详解】句意：我起晚了，但幸运的是，我按时到校了。根据句子和单词提示可知，空处应填lucky的副词形式luckily“幸运地”，句中修饰整个句子“I got to school on time.”。故填luckily。 19．successful 【详解】句意：在中共二十届全国代表大会中有相当多的成功的成员。根据“There were quite a few...members in the 20 CPC National Congress(二十大).”可知，空处应用形容词修饰名词，作定语，名词success应变形为形容词successful。故填successful。 20．twice 【详解】句意：简一周帮她父母做两次家务。根据空后“a week”及提示词two可推出此处用twice a week表示“一周两次”。故填twice。 21．expectation 【详解】句意：比赛的结果出乎我们的意料。形容词性物主代词our修饰名词，expect“期待，预料”，动词，其名词为expectation，beyond one’s expectation“出乎某人意料”。故填expectation。 22．exams 【详解】句意：学生在考试前复习所学内容是必要的。此处指不止一场考试，用名词复数exams“考试”。故填exams。 23．attended 【详解】句意：习主席上个月参加了一个重要的会议，他做了一个演讲。根据“last month”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填attended。 24．To continue 【详解】句意：为了继续富裕的生活, 中国人民不断努力工作。根据“Chinese people keep on working hard.”可知前半句是人民努力工作的目的，所以用动词不定式“to do”作目的状语，因为是句子的开头，所以首字母要大写。故填To continue。 25．unusual 【详解】句意：朱莉进行了一次不寻常的非洲之旅，有了许多令人惊奇的经历。usual“通常的”，是形容词，根据“had lots of amazing experiences”可知，他有很多令人惊奇的经历，因此进行的事不同寻常的旅行，unusual“不同寻常的”，是形容词，修饰名词trip，用形容词，故填unusual。 26．explanation 【详解】句意：我们的物理老师解释了声音在水里怎样传播。此处应填名词，explain“解释”，其名词形式为explanation“解释”，为可数名词；再根据“an”可知，此处应填其单数形式。故填explanation。 27．were forced 【详解】句意：由于上周的暴风雪，许多人被迫待在家里。主语Many people和谓语force“迫使”之间是被动关系，根据“last week”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是Many people，be动词用were。故填were forced。 28．physical 【详解】句意：凯特应该多做体育锻炼，如散步、跑步和做运动。空处缺少形容词修饰exercise作定语，physics的形容词为physical“身体的”，physical exercise“体育锻炼”。故填physical。 29．to return 【详解】句意：别忘了把那把伞还给我。根据语境可知，此处要用forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事”。故填to return。 30．Luckily 【详解】句意：幸运的是，当我陷入困境时，朋友们总是和我在一起。空处修饰整个句子，且位于句首，所以用副词，luck的副词形式为 Luckily。故填Luckily。 27 Using 31．Most families are busy ________ spring couplets (春联) to welcome the Chinese New Year. A．putting up B．putting in C．putting on D．putting out 32．—I think the book is interesting, but my best friend says it’s boring. I don’t know why. —Dear, everyone thinks _______. A．luckily B．quickly C．easily D．differently 33．I like reading very much. When I read books, I feel that time goes ________. A．quickly B．slowly C．luckily D．easily 34．The film was so ________ that no one wanted to see it again. A．boring B．exciting C．interesting D．popular 35．—How long can I ________ this novel The Red-Headed League? —Only two weeks! Lisa also wants to read it. A．borrow B．lend C．return D．keep 36．In northern cities, most families ________ central heating (供暖) when decorating their houses because of the cold weather in winter. A．put in B．put up C．put on D．put out 37．The book is ________. I feel ________. A．boring, bored B．boring, boring C．bored, boring D．bored, bored 38．Lily is my best friend. She ________ makes me happy when I’m sad. A．usually B．sometimes C．seldom D．always 39．Ms. Johns often ________ books in the library with me on Sundays. A．watch B．watches C．read D．reads 40．I like funny stories because they are very ________. A．boring B．lazy C．interesting D．quiet 28 Keys 31．A【详解】句意：大多数家庭都忙着贴春联来迎接中国新年。 考查动词短语辨析。putting up张贴；putting in放进；putting on穿上；putting out熄灭。根据“spring couplets (春联) to welcome the Chinese New Year.”可知，是忙着贴春联。故选A。 32．D【详解】句意：——我认为这本书很有趣，但我最好的朋友说它很无聊。我不知道为什么。——亲爱的，每个人的想法不同。 考查副词辨析。luckily幸运地；quickly快速地；easily容易地；differently不同地。根据“I think the book is interesting, but my best friend says it’s boring.”可知，每个人的想法不同。故选D。 33．A【详解】句意：我非常喜欢读书。当我读书时，我觉得时间过得很快。 考查副词辨析。quickly迅速地；slowly缓慢地；luckily幸运地；easily容易地。根据“I like reading very much.”可知，因为喜欢读书，所以读书时会觉得时间过得很快。故选A。 34．A【详解】句意：这部电影太无聊了，没有人想再看一次。 考查形容词辨析。boring没趣的；exciting令人兴奋的；interesting有趣的；popular流行的。根据“no one wanted to see it again”并结合选项可知，此处指这部电影太无聊了。故选A。 35．D【详解】句意：——这本小说《红发会》我能保存多久？——只有两周！丽莎也想读一读。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出；return归还；keep保存。根据“How long”可知此处和时间段连用，用延续性动词，选项ABC都为非延续性动词。故选D。 36．A 【详解】句意：在北方城市，由于冬季天气寒冷，大多数家庭在装修房屋时都安装了集中供暖系统。 考查动词短语。put in安装；put up张贴，搭建；put on穿上，增加（体重）；put out扑灭。根据“central heating (供暖) when decorating their houses because of the cold weather in winter.” 可知，是装修的时候安装集中供暖系统，故选A。 37．A 【详解】句意：这本书是没趣的。我感到很无聊。 考查形容词辨析。boring令人厌倦的，没趣的，一般是物作主语或修饰物；bored无聊的，是人作主语或修饰人。第一空主语是the book，用boring；第二空是I作主语用bored，故选A。 38．D 【详解】句意：莉莉是我最好的朋友。她总是在我难过的时候使我开心。 考查副词辨析。usually经常；sometimes有时；seldom极少；always总是。根据“Lily is my best friend.”可知，莉莉是我最好的朋友，因此这里表示她总能在我难过的时候使我开心。备选词中，always频率很高，程度最深，符合句意。故选D。 39．D 【详解】句意：约翰斯女士经常在星期天和我一起在图书馆看书。 考查动词辨析和动词时态。watch观看；read阅读。根据“Ms. Johns often…books in the library with me on Sundays.”可知，看书应用动词read表示，句子为一般现在时，主语Ms. Johns是三单形式，则谓语动词也用三单形式。故选D。 40．C 【详解】句意：我喜欢有趣的故事，因为它们非常有趣。 考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的；lazy懒惰的；interesting有趣的；quiet安静的。根据前文“I like funny stories”可知，应该是因为故事有趣而喜欢它们。故选C。 29 see you again $$