第3讲 并列句和状语从句（配套课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

第三讲　并列句和状语从句 专题五　五彩缤纷的句式 高考 考法 洞悉 零距离接触高考题 高考技巧点拨 1.(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work，65.__________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 2.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing 56._____ they arranged the residential areas according to social classes. 3.(2023·北京卷)________ you are able to pickup a new habit in a few weeks，it takes many months to build a healthy habit. 4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)_________ she could ask any question，their father turned up and told his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast. 考查并列连词和从属连词的选择： 并列句用并列连词；状语从句用从属连词 (根据逻辑关系和句意选择)。 but/yet and While Before 网络建构 一目了然 语法精讲 解惑释疑 考点1　并列句 　　并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。 并列连词的用法 用法 连词 表并列、递进或顺承关系 and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only... but (also)...，not...but...等 表转折、对比关系 but，while等 表选择关系 either...or...，or等 表因果关系 for，so等 There the air is clean and the mountains are green. 那里空气清新，千山一碧。 The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有气馁，很快便像以前一样充满热情。 He not only read the book but also he remembered what he had read. 他不仅读了这本书，而且还记得自己读过什么。 It often rains in the south，while it seldom rains in the north. 南方经常下雨，而北方很少下雨。 Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息一下，或者去看电影。 The leaves of the trees are falling，for it’s already autumn. 树叶在飘落，因为秋天已经到了。 名师点津　1.主谓一致中的就近原则：neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...和not...but...在连接并列主语时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致。 Neither you nor I am to blame. 你和我都不应该受责备。 2．倒装：not only...but (also)...在连接并列分句时，如果not only置于句首，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs，but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不仅要为人们找工作提供帮助而且也为需要的人提供医疗护理。 3．“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型是近年来高考的热点，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Stick to your principles，and you will win through. 坚持你的原则，就会胜利。 4．when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这/那时”，常用于下列句式： ①be doing sth when...“正在做某事，这时(突然)……” ②be about to do sth when...“正要做某事，这时(突然)……” ③be on the point of doing sth when...“正要做某事，这时(突然)……” ④had done sth when...“刚做了某事，这时(突然)……” 小题微练1——单句语法填空 1．One day，the cow was eating grass ______ it began to rain heavily. 2．My little brother wants to be a writer，_______ I want to be a scientist. 3．The spare room can be designed as an excellent entertainment center，a playroom，____ a large home office. 4．Guide dogs offer social，physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind，_____ training them is an expensive and long process. when while or but 考点2　时间状语从句 1．when，while与as引导的时间状语从句 连词 从句谓语动词 用法 when 延续性动词或非延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生 while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生，意为“一边……一边……；随着” Metals expand when they are heated. 金属受热时膨胀。 While /When I was reading，he came in. 我正在看书时，他进来了。 As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for. 随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。 2．before与since引导的时间状语从句 (1)before与since的常用句式 连词 词义 常用句式 before 在……之前；还未……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及…… It will be＋一段时间＋before...“过……(时间)才……” It won’t be long before...“不久……就……” It was＋时间段＋before...“过了……(时间)才……” since 自从……以来 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...(从句用一般过去时) It will be half a year before I come back. 我半年之后才回来。 It won’t be long before we meet again. 用不了多久我们就会再见面。 It was three days before he came back. 三天后他才回来。 (2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。 As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。 3．表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句 (1)引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly，hardly/scarcely...when，no sooner...than...等。 As soon as we arrived there，the sky filled with giant gray clouds and rain started pouring down. 我们一到那里，天空就布满了巨大的灰色云层，雨开始倾盆而下。 Eyes glued to it，he fell in love with the wonderful，shiny red automobile the instant he saw it. 眼睛紧盯着它，他一看到这辆漂亮闪亮的红色汽车就爱上了它。 (2)在hardly/scarcely...when，no sooner...than...中，主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner...和hardly/scarcely...置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就哭了。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到火车站火车就开走了。 4．until与till引导的时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。 If you don’t understand something，you may research and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你不理解某事，你可以去研究并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。 5．引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语) (1)其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after，whenever，every time，each time，next time，the first/last time，any time，by the time，the day/year等。 Every time I express an opinion，she always argues back. 每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。 Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。 By the time you come back，we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。 By the time we got there，the rain had stopped. 我们到达那儿时，雨已经停了。 考点3　条件状语从句 1．引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有if，unless，as/so long as，in case，once(一旦)，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing/suppose (that)，assuming that(假设)等。 You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。 Supposing that they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help? 假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁？ They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend. 他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们必须在周末前归还。 My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。 2．在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时代替将来完成时。 I firmly believe if everyone plants a tree each year，our planet will become much more beautiful. 我坚信，如果每个人每年都种一棵树，我们的星球就会变得更加美丽。 考点4　结果状语从句 1．引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that，so...that...，such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...，such...that...引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构： Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him. ＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him. 迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。 These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer them. 这些问题如此难，以至于我们没人能回答。 He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 他挣这么少的钱，以至于他养不起家。 2．为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions. 他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出所有难题。 考点5　让步状语从句 1．although，though，while与as引导的让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Although/Though/While he may be troubled，he always presents a calm smiling face. 尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。 Much as/though I have traveled，I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. 虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像约翰这么能干的人。 Child as/though he was，he helped me a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。 Try as/though he might，he could not open the door. 不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。 (2)although与though都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。 Although/Though I admit that there are problems，yet I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。 2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，引导让步状语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气。 I’ll do it，even if it takes me all the afternoon. 我要做这件事，即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。 Even if I were in your place，I wouldn’t take the job. 即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。 3．“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句 (1)“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 Don’t trust him，no matter what/whatever he says. 无论他说什么，都不要相信他。 (2)whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。 4．whether...or (not)...引导的让步状语从句 whether...or...“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。 We’ll go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot. 不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。 考点6　其他状语从句 状语从句类型 从属连词 地点状语从句 where，wherever 原因状语从句 because，since，now that，as，when (既然)，in that，seeing (that) 目的状语从句 so that，in order that，in case (以免，以防)，for fear that 方式状语从句 as，as if/though We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 这本书不同于那本书，因为这本是关于化学的而那本是关于历史的。 The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. 那个老太太对待那个男孩就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。 小题微练2——单句语法填空 1．Though it is 5 years ______he retired from his workplace，the old professor remains active in the academic circles. 2．The head of the company promised to deal with the matter _____ moment he returned to his office. 3．Hot __________the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after a long journey. 4．Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend so ___they get sweet enough to be eaten. 5．No one can leave the room ________ he gets permission from the police. 6． __________ angry you feel，you shouldn’t shout at your children. since the as/though that unless However 7．House prices vary from place to place and are usually high _______there are famous schools. 8．Always do to the others ____ you would be done by. where as 素养提能 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头). 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop _____ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I used to keep hens ______ I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. 4．They decide to have more workers for the project so ____it won’t be delayed. or and when that 5．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion _____he wants their support. 6．On our way to the house，it was raining ____ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. 7． __________ long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities. 8． ______________________birds use their feathers for flight，some of their feathers are for other purposes. 9．Located ______the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. unless so However Although/While/Though where Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．当我走近农场时，迎接我的是烤肉的辛辣气味，催促我走得更快。 _________________________，I was greeted by a spicy smell of the barbecue，urging me to walk faster. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)由于我妈妈很会做饭，我决定向她学习。 ___________________________________，I decided to learn from her. 3．(2023·全国甲卷)范仲淹是这样一个榜样，他总是激励我做一个高尚的人。 Fan Zhongyan is ____________________he always encourages me to be a man of noble character. As I approached the farm Since my mother is skilled at cooking such a role model that 4．(2022·全国乙卷)50%的学生看英文电影，只有18%的人读英文书。 50%of the students watch English movies ______________________________. 5．除非你能睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。 ________________________，you will lose the ability to focus，plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. while only 18% read English books Unless you can sleep well Ⅲ.语法与语篇 　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1._________I was doing my school assignments. No sooner had I finished my homework 2.______the door bell rang. However，my sister unlocked the door 3.________ I could open it. We were surprised the moment we saw her 4._________her clothes and face were terribly dirty.5.________we didn’t know what had happened to her，we stood there and waited for my sister’s story. We wouldn’t leave 6.________ my sister told us all about it.7.________ my sister got changed，she told us that she fell into a ditch(沟)8.______ she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside. She couldn’t get out of the ditch.9.________________________she cried for help loudly，no one could hear her 10._______ a boy student passed by and gave her a hand. while/when than before because Since/As unless After when Although/Though/While until 谢谢观看 $$