Unit 4 Humour（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文(体裁：投稿　话题：《最美中华》栏目) 典例呈现 　　(2021·天津3月卷)假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： 1．该地方的基本情况(如名称、地理位置等)；2.该地方的特色(如文化、景点等)；3.你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：1．词数不少于100；2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 精彩范文在线 词汇学习记忆 A Beautiful Place in China As a Chinese who is particularly interested in travelling，I would like to introduce my favorite city—Beijing. Firstly，Beijing is the capital of ChinA．Besides，Beijing is not only the political center but also the economic center of our country.More importantly，it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year．For instance，the Summer Palace，the Forbidden City，the Great Wall and so on.They are the representatives of ancient civilization and the wisdom of ancient folks. All in all，Beijing possesses a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture over 5，000 years.If you visit Beijing，you will be amazed at everything here. March 19，2021 By Li Jin ①the tourist spot旅游景点 ②representative n. 代表 ③ancient civilization古代文明 ④possess v．拥有 句型迁移运用 ①Besides，Beijing is not only the political center but also the economic center of our country.(not only...but also...) 【仿写】 让她感动的不仅仅是这份礼物，还有孩子们对她的爱。 It was not only the gift but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. ②It is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.(强调句型) 【仿写】 正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念，才使得一些不同寻常的事情最终发生。 It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 学生用书↓第407页 一、重点单词分类——夯基础 核心单词 1．pretend vi.&vt. 假装，装作 2．plot n. (书、电影、戏剧的)情节 3．accent n. 口音 4．facial adj. 面部的；脸上的 5．well-being n. 舒适；健康；幸福 6．enhance vt. 增强；改进；提高 7．swing n. 挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi.&vt. (使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 8．appetite n. 胃口，食欲 9．forecast vt. 预测，预报 10．scream vi. 尖声大叫 n. 尖叫声 11．crisis n. 危难时刻；危机 12．deserve vt. 应得，应受到 13．mood n. 心情，情绪 14．whisper vi.&vt. 悄声说，低语，耳语 15．expense n. 费用，花费 16．reputation n. 名誉，名望 17．encounter vt. 遇到 18．universal adj. 广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 19．contemporary adj. 当代的 20．mostly adv. 主要地；大部分 21．contrary n. 正相反，恰恰相反 22．attain vt. 得到，获得 23．obtain vt. 获得，得到 24．genius n. 天才，天赋；天才人物 25．idiom n. 成语 26．bath n. 浴室 vi. 洗澡 拓展单词 1．humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的→humour n．幽默，诙谐 2．imitate vt.模仿→imitation n．模仿，仿效 3．interact vi.交流；交往；相互作用→interaction n．交流；相互影响 4．anxiety n．焦虑，不安，担心→anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不安地 5．significant adj.重要的，重大的→significance n．重要，重大 6．terrified adj.极度惊恐的→terror n．恐怖→terrify vt.使恐怖；使惊吓→terrifying adj.令人恐怖的 7．unbalanced adj.不平衡的→balance v．平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.保持平衡的 8．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬→embarrass v．使尴尬；使局促不安；使困窘 9．accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地→accident n．事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的 10．consume vt.消耗；吃；消费→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费 11．confused adj.困惑的→confuse v．使困惑；混淆→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．迷惑；困惑 12．potential n．潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.可能地；潜在地 13．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地→casual adj.漫不经心的；非正式的 14．innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地→innocent adj.装作若无其事的；无辜的 15．faithful adj.忠诚的→faith n．忠诚→faithfully adv.忠诚地 学生用书↓第408页 16．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家→scientifically adv.科学地 17．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量→measure v．衡量；测量 18．consultation n．就诊；咨询→consult vt.咨询；查阅→consultant n．顾问，就诊医师 19．examine vt.检查→examination n．检查；考试 20．announce vt.宣布；宣告→announcement n．公告，通告，发表 21．tension n．紧张；焦虑；焦急→tense adj.紧张的 22．physical adj.身体的，肉体的→physically adv.身体上，肉体上 23．psychological adj.心理的，精神的→psychology n．心理，心理学→psychologist n．心理学家→psychologically adv.心理上地，心理学地 24．energise vt.使充满活力；使增强决心→energy n．力量，活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的 25．infection n．感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectious adj.感染的，传染性的 26．nationality n．国籍→nation n．国家；民族→national adj.国家的 27．amuse vt.使开心；逗笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.愉快的→amusement n．愉快；快乐 28．creation n．创造物，作品→create vt.创造→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→creativity n．创造力；创造性 29．academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上 30．rely vi.依赖→reliable adj.可依赖的，可信赖的 31．astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 32．talent n．天资，天赋，才能→talented adj.天才的 33．rarely adv.很少，难得→rare adj.稀少的，稀罕的 34．convinced adj.确信的，信服的→convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的 35．unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的→fortune n．财产；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 36．criticise vi.&vt.批评，指责→criticism n．批评；指责；评论→critic n．批评家，评论员 37．demand vt.要求→demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的 38．loosely adv.不严谨地→loose adj.不严谨的；松散的 阅读单词 1．comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片 2．referee n. 裁判(员) 3．dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 4．collapse vi. 突然倒下 5．doorway n. 门口，出入口 6．antique n. 古董 adj. 古时制造的 7．deduce vt. 推论，推断 8．astronomy n. 天文学 9．galaxy n. 星系 10．atmosphere n. 大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 11．middle-aged adj. 中年的 12．surgery n. 诊所；外科手术 13．bleed vi. 流血，出血 14．sneeze vi.&n. 打喷嚏 15．afterwards adv. 随后，后来 16．circus n. 马戏团 17．clown n. 小丑 18．muscle n. 肌肉 19．far-reaching adj. 影响深远的 20．immune adj. 有免疫力的 21．cell n. 细胞 22．blush vi. 脸红 23．comedian n. 喜剧演员 学生用书↓第409页 24．purely adv. 完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 25．raw adj. 生的 26．chew vi.&vt. 咀嚼 27．vase n. 花瓶 28．purse n. 女用手提包；女式钱包 29．clumsy adj. 笨拙的，不灵活的 30．scholarship n. 奖学金 31．mirror n. 镜子 32．producer n. 制作人，制片人 33．agent n. 代理人 34．log n. 大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录 35．politician n. 政治家 二、必备短语分组——抓落实 汉译英 1．at sb's expense 嘲笑某人 2．rely on 依赖；信赖 3．be terrified of 害怕 4．interact with 与……相互作用；互动 5．set up 创立；建立 6．in charge of 负责 7．for free 免费 8．do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 9．hold on 坚持 英译汉 10．on one's own 独自地 11．for some time 一段时间 12．hand over 移交 13．wake up 醒来 14．for sale 待售 15．on the contrary 相反 16．over and over again 反复 三、经典句式默背——积佳句 句型公式 1．be doing...when...正在做……，这时…… The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in. 他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。 2．as if从句中的虚拟语气 After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there． 过了一会儿，他再看那信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 3．so...that...引导结果状语从句 He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant's violinist! 最后他不顾一切，居然把一部分生肉藏在旁边女士的钱包里，还把一部分塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！ 4．强调句型 As early as primary school, Rowan had already shown a talent for acting, but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor. 早在小学的时候，罗温就已经表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。 单元美句 1．When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face. 当他看菜单时，很快他的脸上出现了一种惊讶的表情。 2．He takes all the money out of his wallet，counts it and puts it in a saucer.He then looks from the menu to the money with concern until he finds one thing that makes him smile. 他从钱包里拿出所有的钱，数了数，放在一个碟子里。然后他关切地看了看菜单，又看了看钱，直到他找到一件能让他微笑的东西。 学生用书↓第150页 (限时20分钟，满分50分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，共10分) 1．(2023·全国乙卷)Even though Britain has a reputation (名誉) for less-than-impressive cuisine，it is producing more top class chefs. 2．(2022·浙江6月卷)Social interaction has been shown to lift mood (情绪) and get people thinking in new directions. 3．The naughty boy pretended (假装) that he was reading when the headmaster came into the classroom. 4．Finally，I made up my mind to seize the opportunity to enhance (提高) my overall competence. 5．Suddenly the bell rang，the classroom doors swung (摆动) open，the hallways filled up with students trying to get to their next class. 6．It is forecast (预报) to be windy and cold tomorrow，so you had better put on a coat. 7．They leaned tightly against the back of the car and screamed (尖声大叫) for help. 8．Hearing other students whispering (悄声说) to each other，Joyce's face flushed with shame. 9．Scientists have obtained (获得) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. 10．He gained worldwide recognition because of his unusual talent (天赋) for language. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction (interact) by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey，she is more confused (confuse) about why her act is considered a big deal. 3．(2021·天津3月卷)In all，80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September，2019，focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety (anxious). 4．I was embarrassed (embarrass) as if，somehow，I were responsible. 5．When we express appreciation to young people，we give them a sense of significance (significant). 6．To keep slim，having a balanced (balance) diet is necessary.At the same time，don't skip breakfast，and have a good amount of sleep every day. 7．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically (academic) and personally. 8．She loved helping others and found the job demanding (demand)，but always rewarding. 9．To my astonishment，they weren't astonished at the astonishing news，so I looked at them in astonishment．(astonish) 10．Food printing could allow consumers(consume) to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins. Ⅲ.短语填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) be terrified of, interact with, for sale, set up, on the contrary, hand over, in charge of, for free, rely on, over and over again 1．Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes.Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates. 2．I regretted sending the note and was terrified of Miss Hanley's reaction, which distracted me from the class. 学生用书↓第151页 3．Whatever you want to get，you have to rely on your own efforts. 4．Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Yuan and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city. 5．Being left in charge of the shopping center has upset him for quite some time. 6．When the setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains, the tent was set up and the meal was ready. 7．He finally handed over his responsibility for the company last year. 8．Hearing what she said, I thought about it over and over again． 9．All the exhibits for sale here are new products. 10．Alice didn't give up her dream. On the contrary, she overcame the difficulty and made it. Ⅳ.经典句式仿写(每小题2分，共10分) 1．他们正在街上随意地走着，突然下起雨来。(be doing...when...) They were walking casually in the street when it began to rain. 2．Sather老师看着我的眼睛，仿佛看到了我灵魂深处封闭的自我。(as if...从句中的虚拟语气) Mrs Sather looked at my eyes as if (she were) seeing my inner self locked away inside． 3．我们做得如此好以至于被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。(so...that...引导结果状语从句) We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school. 4．更重要的是，北京的著名旅游景点每年都吸引着大量来自世界各地的游客。(强调句型) More importantly，it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year. 5．用私家车接送孩子被认为是一种方便的方式， 但是可能会造成交通拥堵。[(The) Chances are (that)...很可能……] Picking up children by private car is thought to be a convenient way, but (the) chances are (that) it may cause traffic jams． Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作 (1)pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事 (2)pretend＋that从句 假装…… (3)pretend to be＋形容词/名词 假装是……　　 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①Seeing his boss coming in，he hurried to ring off and pretended to be working (work). ②Mary pretended to have known (know)everything about it and said nothing. ③弗兰克转身离开了，假装没注意到我。 Frank turned away and left，pretending not to notice me. [中国元素] Mencius picked up some stones and put them on the side of the road，pretended to be selling vegetables.孟子捡起一些石头，放在路边，假装他在卖蔬菜。 学生用书↓第152页 significant adj.重要的，重大的(派生词：①significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义　②significantly adv.显著地；意味深长地) (1)It is significant that 很明显…… (2)be of significance to... 对……有重要意义 attach significance to... 认为……重要　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之发言稿 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly (significant) improve the health of the ecosystem in the areA． ②She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to educating (educate) them. ③我坚信我们越是意识到这句名言的重要性，我们在日常学习中就会获益越多。 I firmly believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying，the more benefits we will get in our daily study. [中国元素] It is of great significance for studying the development of civilization in the Yellow River basin during the prehistoric period. 这对于研究黄河流域史前时期的文明发展具有重要意义。 embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的(派生词：①embarrassing adj.令人困窘的　②embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难　③embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬) (1)be embarrassed at/about(对……)感到为难/尴尬 (2)to one's embarrassment 让某人感到尴尬的是　　 单句语法填空/读后续写之细节描写 ①The girl felt embarrassed when seeing the embarrassing pictures.She turned away with embarrassment．(embarrass) ②让她特别尴尬的是，她意识到大家都在盯着她看。 Much to her embarrassment，she realized that everyone was staring at her. [真题衔接] ③(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Don't be afraid or embarrassed(embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. deserve vt.应得，应受到 (1)deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 (2)deserve to be done＝ deserve doing 值得被做 (3)deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Maria is constantly making efforts；she deserves to achieve (achieve) the goal of entering the key university. ②保持开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。 a．Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas deserve consideration．(consideration) b．Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas deserve considering．(considering) c．Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas deserve to be considered．(considered) [名师点津] deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同。可用主动形式表示被动意义的动词还有want、need、require等。 学生用书↓第153页 amuse vt.使开心；逗笑[派生词：①amused adj.觉得好笑的；逗乐的　②amusing adj.好笑的　③amusement n．愉悦；娱乐(活动)] (1)amuse oneself (by doing sth) (通过做某事)自娱自乐 (2)be amused at/by... 觉得……好笑 (3)to one's amusement 使某人感到好笑的是　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之发言稿 ①He often amuses himself (he) with his violin in his simple home at weekends. ②We were amused to learn (learn) that he had made a foolish mistake. ③To our amusement，they had a quarrel about such a small thing. ④做运动不仅能娱乐学生，而且能锻炼他们的力量。 Taking exercise not only keeps the students amused，but also builds their strength. [中国元素] Even the eyes of the ancestors in the portraits seemed to grow wide with wonder and amusement. 甚至肖像中祖先的眼睛似乎充满了惊奇和欢乐。 rely vi.依赖(派生词：reliable adj.可信赖的) rely on/upon 依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on (doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it that... 相信……；指望……　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之家庭生活 ①Many people now would rely on surfing (surf)the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. ②He always does as he says so we all think he is a reliable (rely) man.If you make friends with him，you can rely on it that he will help you whenever you are in trouble. ③当今，父母为他们的子女做所有的事情，这使得这些子女非常依赖他们的父母。 Nowadays parents have done everything for their children，which makes the children rely on/upon their parents very much． [真题衔接] ④(2021·全国乙卷)尽管如此，55%的澳大利亚人家里有固定电话，只有四分之一多一点(29%)的人只依赖智能手机。 Still，55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones. astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的(派生词：①astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊　②astonishing adj.令人惊讶的　③astonishment n．惊讶) (1)be astonished at 对……感到惊讶 (2)It astonishes sb that... 令某人吃惊的是…… (3)to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Astonished at what she said，all the kids burst out screaming. ②令我吃惊的是，她根本不关心我的感受。 a．To my astonishment，she didn't care about my feelings.(astonishment) b.She didn't care about my feelings，which astonished me．(定语从句) c．It was astonishing that she didn't care about my feelings.(it作形式主语) d．What astonished me was that she didn't care about my feelings.(what 引导的主语从句) [真题衔接] ③(2023·浙江1月卷)．..however astonishing(astonish) Project Debater may seem，the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 学生用书↓第154页 demand vt.要求 n．需求；要求(派生词：demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的) (1)demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事 (2)be in(great) demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之活动介绍 ①First，science graduates are in greater demand than art ones in ChinA． ②My father came down and demanded to know (know) what was going on. ③(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)因为摘苹果需要爬树，农民们要求我们谨慎小心。 Because picking apples involved climbing trees，the farmers demanded that we should be cautious and careful． [中国元素] Because of the development of the Western and Eastern civilization at that time，the demand for Chinese silk was huge. 由于当时东西方文明的发展，对中国丝绸的需求量巨大。 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 be doing...when...正在做……，这时(突然)…… when表示“这时(突然)”之意，还用于以下几种句型： (1)be about to do...when...正要做……，这时(突然)…… (2)be on the point of doing...when...正要做……，这时…… (3)had just done...when...刚做完……，这时……　　 [教材原句]　The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.医生正在办公桌上写便条，这时突然他进去了。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①我正在上网搜索相关信息，这时我的手机突然响了。 I was searching the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang. ②我们正要离开，这时隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。 We were about to leave/were on the point of leaving when a big noise came from the next room. ③海伦刚要放下手机，就后悔拒绝了彼得的聚会邀请。 Helen had just about put down her cellphone when she regretted refusing Peter's invitation to the party. [真题衔接] ④(2023·浙江1月卷)我正要离开时，蜂鸟出现了。 I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. 强调句型 (1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... (2)一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? (3)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...? (4)特殊结构：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that...　　 [教材原句]　As early as primary school，Rowan had already shown a talent for acting，but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor.早在小学的时候，罗温就已经表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①正是整个境况让她感到非常沮丧和心烦。 It was the whole situation that made her very depressed and upset. 学生用书↓第155页 ②就是在那一刻，他灰心丧气，像一个泄气的球。 It was at that moment that he was discouraged like a deflated ball. ③直到我再一次求职失败，我才意识到知识的价值。 It was not until I had another failure in my job-seeking that I realized knowledge is valuable. [真题衔接] ④(2023·浙江1月卷)直到她走近的那一刻，我才看到她锋利的嘴里衔着覆盆子。 It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberries held in her sharp mouth. Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 1．interact vi.交流；交往；相互作用→interaction n．交流；相互影响→interactive adj.互动的，交互的；合作的 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①Don't forget to prepare some questions in advance and you can interact with the professor 10 minutes before the lecture finishes. ②To achieve the best effect，interactive (interact) forms，such as presentations and live shows，will be adopted. ③Now，video conference tools are essential for our productivity，learning and social interaction (interact). 2．whisper vi.&vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 I saw Jenny and Helen talking to each other in a whisper/in whispers (whisper).Suddenly Jenny leaned over and whispered something in Helen's ear.I wanted to know what they were whispering about．I whispered to Mary that I would sneak close to find it out. 3．talent n．天资，天赋，才能→talented adj.天才的 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 Everybody said Jane was a talented (talent) girl because she did well in all her subjects and had a talent for singing，dancing and drawing. Ⅱ.一词多义——写出加黑词的词性和词义 1．swing ①The bus swung(v.突然转向) sharply to the left. ②For the next two hours，I pushed the swings(n.秋千)，and played with my little girl.As I pushed her，she swung(v.摇晃，摇摆) higher and higher. 2．consume Having stayed in the air-conditioned room for a long time，they were unaware of just how much energy they had ①consumed(vt.消耗)，and how much food and drink they had②consume(vt.吃，喝). Ⅰ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks. adj.未经加工的 2．(2023·北京卷)For better or worse，ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. vt.反映 3．(2022·北京卷)I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did，which obviously in life is not possible，but it consumed me. vt.消耗 学生用书↓第156页 Ⅱ.词汇拓展——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey，she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal. adj.困惑的 掌握规律·词汇拓展 ①confuse v．使困惑；混淆→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的 ②excite v．使兴奋→excited adj.兴奋的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的 Ⅲ.长难句剖析 If you want to tell the history of the whole world，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity，you cannot do it through texts alone，because only some of the world has ever had texts，while most of the world，for most of the time，has not. 自主剖析：本句为主从复合句。If引导条件状语从句；that引导定语从句；because引导原因状语从句；while连接并列句。 尝试翻译：如果你想讲述一个不偏袒人类历史上任何一方的一段世界历史，你不能仅仅依靠文本的历史记录，因为只有世界上的一些地方有过文字记载，然而世界上的多数地方绝大部分时候没有文字记载。 Ⅳ.写作佳句回眸练 1．(2021·全国甲卷)古筝对中国民间音乐有着重要的意义，它将带你进入一个美妙的音乐世界。 Guzheng is of great significance to Chinese folk music leading you to a fantastic world of music. 2．(2021·浙江1月卷)我既尴尬又有点恼火，逃到房间里，但被妈妈拦住了。 Embarrassed and a little annoyed，I fled to my room，but Mom stopped me. Ⅴ.单元新情境创新应用 用所给单词的正确形式填空或填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇) Sherlock Holmes asked his 1．faithful (faith) friend Dr.Watson 2.what he saw from the sky.Watson said he saw millions and millions of stars.According 3.to his knowledge on astronomy，he believed there were millions of 4.galaxies (galaxy) and 5.potentially (potential) billions of planets.He deduced that it was 6.probably (probable) a quarter past three 7.based (base) on the scientific measurement of time.From 8.the atmosphere，he forecast that it 9.would be (be) a beautiful day the next day.But Watson didn't realise someone 10.had stolen (steal)their tent. Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 第一步　练表达——亮出文采 使用本单元所学知识完成下列句子 1．他是中国当代的一位喜剧演员，声誉很好。 He is a contemporary comedian in China and has obtained a good reputation． 2．他不仅是一个喜剧演员，而且还是他的电影的编剧和制片人。 Not only is he a comedian，but also he is a screen writer and producer of his movies. 3．这位中年人有喜剧天赋，经常以幽默的方式讲述一些严肃的话题。 The middle-aged man has a talent for comedy and often presents some serious topics in a humorous way. 4．他可以模仿许多不同的口音，因此他的创作可以改善人们的情绪。 He can imitate many different accents，for which his creations can improve people's moods． 学生用书↓第157页 5．他的电影总是充满欢乐的气氛。 His films are always full of joyous atmosphere． 6．大多数情况下，他会得到好的评价。很少有人批评他的电影情节松散。 Mostly he will get good remarks.Rarely will people criticise his films for loosely written plots． 7．你不能指望一部喜剧纯粹忠于现实。 You can't rely on a comedy to be purely faithful to reality． 第二步　学逻辑——完美成篇 运用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 He is a contemporary comedian in China and has obtained a good reputation. Not only is he a comedian，but also he is a screen writer and producer of his movies.The middle-aged man has a talent for comedy and often presents some serious topics in a humorous way.He can imitate many different accents，for which his creations can improve people's moods.His films are always full of joyous atmosphere.And mostly he will get good remarks.Rarely will people criticise his films for loosely written plots.After all，you can't rely on a comedy to be purely faithful to reality. Ⅱ.读后续写提能练(喜乐) 1．好词好句输入 单 词 pleased高兴的，满意的；pleasant令人愉快的；glad高兴的，乐意的；enjoyable愉快的；happy高兴的；delighted高兴的；cheerful兴高采烈的；overjoyed欣喜若狂的； happily高兴地；cheerfully兴高采烈地；merrily愉快地，高兴地；pleasure高兴，快乐；delight高兴，愉快；joy快乐，喜悦；happiness幸福，愉快 短 语 to one's delight/joy/happiness/pleasure令我们高兴的是；be seized by joy高兴地发狂； be overcome with happiness非常幸福；be wild with joy欣喜若狂 句 子 ※She was in cheerful spirits and grinned from ear to ear. 她兴高采烈，笑得合不拢嘴。 ※Her eyes twinkled with pleasure. 她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦的光芒。 ※I felt a sense of joy and happiness surging through me. 我感到一种喜悦和幸福的感觉涌上心头。 2.写作战场输出 (1)利用修辞手法和高级句式并借助情感以及动作描写烘托人物关系。 ①得知孩子们的主意，Mrs Meredith非常高兴，她笑得很灿烂。(形容词＋面部表情) Learning the children's idea，Mrs Meredith was so delighted that she smiled brightly． ②孩子们开始高兴地准备爆米花。 The children got down to preparing popcorn merrily． ③他们带着一篮子爆米花兴高采烈地前往Bernard的家告诉他这个好计划。 With a basket of popcorn，they left for the Bernard's home cheerfully to share with him the good plan. ④听到他们的话，Bernard高兴地几乎跳了起来，热泪盈眶。(形容词＋身体语言＋面部表情) →Hearing what they said，Bernard was so cheerful that he almost jumped up and tears filled his eyes．(简单句) →Hearing what they said，Bernard was so cheerful that he almost jumped up，with tears filling his eyes．(with复合结构) ⑤看到那篮子爆米花，他的父母也欣喜若狂。(固定短语) At the sight of the basket of popcorn，his parents were also wild with joy． ⑥使他非常高兴的是，爆米花很好吃，很快就卖光了。 To his great joy，the popcorn was so tasty that it soon sold out. (2)将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。 Learning the children's idea，Mrs Meredith was so delighted that she smiled brightly.Then，the children got down to preparing popcorn merrily.With a basket of popcorn，they left for the Bernard's home cheerfully to share with him the good plan.Hearing what they said，Bernard was so cheerful that he almost jumped up，with tears filling his eyes.At the sight of the basket of popcorn，his parents were also wild with joy.Later，to his great joy，the popcorn was so tasty that it soon sold out. 单元测评13　Unit 4　Humour (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A (2023·东北三省三校高三第二次联考) From page-turning thrillers to comic novels—here are our picks of the hottest new books for a great escape. To Paradise by Hanya Yanagihara A fragile，wealthy young man looks for love in the 19th century New York filled with discrimination...The great power of this remarkable novel is driven by Yanagihara's understanding of the aching desire to protect those we love. Companion Piece by Ali Smith Coming on the heels of Smith's seasonal quartet(四重奏)，Companion Piece boldly captures the spirit of the times，our pandemic-infected world，describing a broader story about loneliness，sadness，isolation，and freedom... Amy & Lan by Sadie Jones A special child's eye view of an experiment in living，in which city families join hands to set up a rural farm，deep in English villages.The kids alternatively describe their lives over several years，focusing as much on the animals as on the people. Homesickness by Colin Barrett It's been eight years since the prize-winning Young Skins，but this second short-story collection is worth the wait.Shocking and slow-burning，eight character-driven tales of misadventures are written with a casual grace，each showcasing Barrett's unique black humor. I'm Sorry You Feel That Way by Rebecca Wait Toxic mothers，absent fathers，angry sisters，and mad brothers—this sharp，wise comedy is full of ups and downs and severe mental health realities，describing in great accuracy and detail the process of a breakdown and how it impacts the individual family member. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了最热门的五本新书。 1．Which of the following describes the life in the countryside？(　　) A．Companion Piece. B．Amy & Lan. C．Homesickness. D．I'm Sorry You Feel That Way. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Amy & Lan by Sadie Jones部分的“A special child's eye view of an experiment in living，in which city families join hands to set up a rural farm，deep in English villages.”可知，Amy & Lan这本书描述了英国的乡村生活。故选B。 2．What can we learn from the passage？(　　) A．To Paradise contains a story set in 19th century Britain. B．Homesickness is a collection of short stories in a darkly funny style. C．Companion Piece is a representative of Ali Smith's seasonal quartet. D．I'm Sorry You Feel That Way concerns emotional breakdowns among friends. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Homesickness by Colin Barrett部分的“Shocking and slow-burning，eight character-driven tales of misadventures are written with a casual grace，each showcasing Barrett's unique black humor.”并结合第一句中“short-story collection”可知，Homesickness是一部黑色幽默风格的短篇故事集。故选B。 3．Where does the text probably come from？(　　) A．A textbook. B．A report. C．A magazine. D．An announcement. 答案：C 解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段“From page-turning thrillers to comic novels—here are our picks of the hottest new books for a great escape.”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了最热门的五本新书，由此可推知，本文可能出自杂志中和书有关的专栏。故选C。 B (2023·河南省五市高三二模) Hawking was perhaps the most famous scientist in the world.But humor was always a big part of Hawking's effort to bring physics to the masses.In his 2010 book，The Grand Design，for instance，he describes how，in 1277，the Catholic Church declared scientific laws such as gravity to be wrong，since they seemed against God's ideA．“Interestingly，” the text adds puckishly，“Pope (教皇) John was killed by the effects of the law of gravity a few months later when the roof of his palace fell in on him.” Hawking was only 21 when he was diagnosed with the degenerative motor neuron disease—ALS (肌萎缩侧索硬化).For most people，the condition would have been a disaster.But Hawking rolled over adversity (困境) as if it were just a rock under his wheelchair.“Life would be tragic，” he once said，“if it weren't funny.” So Hawking cracked jokes.There was the time when talk show host John Oliver asked him about parallel universes.“Does that mean there is a universe out there where I am smarter than you？” Oliver quipped.Hawking's dry reply: “Yes.And also a universe where you're funny.” Hawking liked physical humor too.He reportedly enjoyed wheeling his chair over the feet of people who annoyed him，including Prince Charles.“A malicious rumor，” Hawking said.“I'll run over anyone who repeats it.” Hawking's greatest hit，humor-wise，was probably the cocktail party he threw in 2009.It was a “welcome reception for future time travelers，” he said，so naturally he sent out the invitations the day after the party.No one showed up yet.“Maybe one day someone living in the future will find the information and use a wormhole time machine to come back to my party.” Hawking explained.After all，he never missed a chance to have fun. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了物理学家霍金表现出来的幽默感。 4．Why did Hawking mention Pope John in his book The Grand Design？(　　) A．Hawking had great doubts about the power of God. B．Hawking was happy that Pope John got the punishment he deserved. C．Pope John was in favor of the law of gravity. D．Hawking wanted to show physics to the masses in a humorous manner. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，霍金在《大设计》一书里提到教皇约翰，是想以幽默的方式向大众展示物理学。故选D。 5．What's Hawking's attitude towards his adversity in life？(　　) A．Indifferent. B．Positive. C．Ambiguous. D．Confused. 答案：B 解析：观点态度题。根据第二段“For most people，the condition would have been a disaster.But Hawking rolled over adversity (困境) as if it were just a rock under his wheelchair.‘Life would be tragic，’ he once said，‘if it weren't funny.’”可知，霍金面对逆境时是积极的态度。故选B。 6．Why did nobody show up at the cocktail party held by Hawking？(　　) A．People showed no interest in future time travel. B．Hawking delayed handing out the invitations. C．The wormhole time machine broke down halfway. D．Hawking mistook the date of the party for his poor memory. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hawking's greatest hit，humor-wise...the day after the party.No one showed up yet.”可知，没有人出现在他的鸡尾酒会是因为他的邀请发出得晚了。故选B。 7．What can we infer about Hawking from the passage？(　　) A．Hawking showed his clear dislike of annoying people. B．Hawking was more a comedian than a physicist. C．Hawking was impolite for wheeling his chair over people's feet. D．Hawking held a party that nobody wanted to attend. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“He reportedly enjoyed wheeling his chair over the feet of people who annoyed him，including Prince Charles.‘A malicious rumor，’ Hawking said.‘I'll run over anyone who repeats it.’”可知，霍金对惹人讨厌的人展现明显的不喜欢。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2023·湖北省武汉市高三4月调考) Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around. 1( )．Here's how you can develop your sense of humor. ●Surround Yourself with Humor You learn more effectively when you fully expose yourself to a subject.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor.Watch standup comedians.Listen to programs that amuse you.Read humorous books. 2( )． ●Learn What Amuses You 3( )．We amuse our friends by praising a change they made.However，when it comes to being funny，don't change your sense of humor to amuse other people.Instead，start with what amuses you.Then，if you think the other person will also be amused with it，share it with them. ●Think About Timing and Audience You don't have to be funny all the time，so don't expect that of yourself.When you catch yourself trying to be funny，slow down.Simply speak slower so you're not as likely to stop and repeat yourself.Try speaking at 60—70 % of your usual rate. 4( )． 5( ) You don't need to seize every single opportunity to be funny.If you're in the middle of a bad joke，just end it.“You know what，now that I'm telling it，it's not as funny as it sounded in my head，”can be a bit of an awkward end and hurt your pride a little bit，but it saves everyone time and patience.In the long run，they'll respect your taste. A．Be Creative，Not Silly B．Pause in between sentences C．There's a lot of fun out there D．You might also do better at work E．Know When to Pull the Plug on Yourself F．You can also try your hand in the real world G．A lot of times，we say things purely to please others 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养幽默感。 1．答案：D 解析：根据上文“Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around.”可知，上文介绍有幽默感的好处。根据下文“Here's how you can develop your sense of humor.”可知，下文引出如何培养幽默感。故空格处应承接上文，继续补充幽默感的好处。故选D项。 2．答案：C 解析：根据上文“Watch standup comedians.Listen to programs that amuse you.Read humorous books.”可知，上文这些做法都可以帮助培养幽默感。C项说明这些做法可以获得乐趣，符合语境。故选C项。 3．答案：G 解析：根据下文“We amuse our friends by praising a change they made.However，when it comes to being funny，don't change your sense of humor to amuse other people.”可知，下文讲到我们通过赞扬朋友所做的改变来取悦他们。但However后又说我们不要为了取悦他人而改变自己的幽默感。由此推知，空格处应围绕“取悦他人”。故选G项。 4．答案：B 解析：根据本段小标题“Think About Timing and Audience”可知，本段主要围绕时机和受众给出建议。故选B项。 5．答案：E 解析：空格处是本段小标题。从前面几个小标题的句式结构可知，此处应填入祈使句。根据下文“You don't need to seize every single opportunity to be funny.If you're in the middle of a bad joke，just end it.”可知，本段主要建议人们要学会适可而止。E项最能概括本段主旨。故选E项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3.5分，共35分) (2023·河南郑州市第二次质量预测) From writing poetry to making music，ChatGPT 1 (amaze) the world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company Open AI.It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota，US，according to CNN. The AI program can answer questions on a large number of topics，and write essays，stories and any other written texts you can think of.It does this by drawing on information 2 (collect) from a large corpus (语料库)of text datA． What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman，the CEO of OpenAI said in an interview，“It's not actually 3 (fundamental) new technology that made ChatGPT have a moment.” According to MIT Technology Review，ChatGPT is based on a large language model.Because texts are more complex 4 the meaning of every word combined，language models require a type of neural (神经的)network that can make sense of texts.One breakthrough behind today's models 5 (be) a network called Transformer，invented by Google researchers.The neural network can infer 6 the word means by tracking where it appears in a sentence.Transformer can therefore collect the meaning of texts more accurately. The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised learning，7 (mean) that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at.ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due 8 the large scale of texts it learned from. “One of the biggest 9 (problem) with ChatGPT is that it comes back，very confidently，with false contents，” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London，UK，told The Guardian.This means ChatGPT doesn't know the truth about the world—it learns information from 10 (variety) resources but it cannot decide what is true or false. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国Open AI公司推出ChatGPT，令人震惊。这种智能机器人已经通过了四门法律课程。 1．答案：has amazed 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处是谓语动词，由时间状语“since its launch in late 2022”可知，主句用现在完成时，主语ChatGPT是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填has amazed。 2．答案：collected 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本空修饰information，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填collected。 3．答案：fundamentally 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词is用副词作状语，故填fundamentally。 4．答案：than 解析：考查介词。由more complex可知，前后文表示比较，故填than。 5．答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章主时态是一般现在时，主语One breakthrough 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is。 6．答案：what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少means的宾语，指物，用连接代词what引导从句，故填what。 7．答案：meaning 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，mean用非谓语动词形式作状语，mean与逻辑主语The GPT models是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作状语。故填meaning。 8．答案：to 解析：考查固定短语。due to“由于”是固定短语，故填to。 9．答案：problems 解析：考查名词的单复数。one of the＋最高级＋名词复数，是固定短语，故填problems。 10．答案：various/varied 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填various/varied。 B卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·山东济南市高三一模) The AIDA model is the foundation of modern marketing and advertising practice.It outlines the four basic steps used to persuade potentials to make a purchase.The first three steps lie in creating attention (A)，decorating interest (I)，and building desire (D) for the product，before the fourth step—the “call to action” (A)—tells them exactly how and where to buy.AIDA can channel the customer's feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale. Attracting the customer's attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture.Once someone's attention has been clutched，it must be turned into real interest.This is best done by providing a brief description of the product's benefits to the consumer rather than simply listing the product's main features or problem-solving claims. Now，it is time to transform that interest into a desire for a product or service.This is where consumers need to believe their lives could be better by possessing the product.It could be a vital step towards turning a potential into a real customer. “Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer.For example，they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or，alternatively，they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along. And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry.Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance.The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away.Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie，from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend.Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie's release，inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AIDA模式是现代市场营销和广告实践的基础以及它是如何工作的。 1．What is the purpose of practising AIDA？(　　) A．To create jobs. B．To increase sales. C．To research markets. D．To introduce products. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“AIDA can channel the customer's feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.”可推知，实践AIDA就是为了增加销售。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “clutched” mean in Paragraph 2？(　　) A．Seized. B．Freed. C．Cheated. D．Affected. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“Attracting the customer's attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture.”可知，画线词所在句意思为“一旦某人的注意力被抓住了，就必须把它转化为真正的兴趣。”故clutched意为“抓住”，和A选项Seized同义。故选A。 3．In which stage of the AIDA model may a customer call to try the service？(　　) A．Action. B．Interest. C．Desire. D．Attention. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Call-to-action’ is where all of the...that has been promoted to them all along.”可知，在AIDA模型的行动阶段，客户可能打电话来尝试服务。故选A。 4．Why does the author mention the movie industry in the last paragraph？(　　) A．To design an AIDA model. B．To display how AIDA works. C．To show how to make a movie. D．To advertise the movie industry. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者在最后一段提到了电影行业，以展示AIDA是如何工作的。故选B。 B (2023·湖南省郴州市二模) “All of our senses convert (转换) physical energy in the surrounding world into electrical responses，which are the common currency that the nervous system uses，”said James Hudspeth from Rockefeller University. Hudspeth said，“Our ears have to convert mechanical vibrations(震动)in the air into electrical responses.And the way this is done is that there are so-called hair cells.These cells have little microscopic bristles(刚毛)，about a hundred of them，and on the top of each cell，these bristles vibrate back and forth in response to sound.That sets up an electrical signal that goes down a nerve fiber and into the brain.” Hudspeth continued，“The real question is what happens with these hair cells as they degenerate．We lose them owing to loud sounds and certain drugs，and we lose them with aging.What can be done to repair them so that we can restore hearing？” Another expert，Robert Fettiplace said，“Well，I mean there are two aspects to this，one of which is that you could try and regrow them.Almost all hearing loss is due to death of the hair cells or lack of formation of them in the first place.The cells are all different.” Hudspeth said，“The problems that Robert has mentioned go for mammals，including ourselves.The situation is different with other four-legged animals.But，in reptiles，including birds，this regeneration is going on all the time，like in fish.In fact，you can take a chicken to a concert，blasting its ears.They will nicely regenerate，and even with frequency-specific hair cells，they will reconnect，and the animal will be able to hear normally again.” Hudspeth added，“I agree that there is an enormous challenge，and this is certainly something that won't happen overnight in ourselves.But I don't think it's a hopeless task and I think basically what many people are trying to do is decode (解码) the signals sent as these hair cells develop，and by doing so to recognize the signaling pathways that might be reactivated the original development and restore hair cells by that means.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有些动物虽然丧失了听力，但是有恢复的可能。人类也许能从它们身上借鉴一些经验。 5．How is the conversion achieved according to the text？(　　) A．Through the brain. B．Through hair cells. C．Through physical energy. D．Through certain drugs. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“And the way this is done is that there are so-called hair cells.”可知，这种转化通过所谓的毛细胞来实现。故选B。 6．What does the underlined word “degenerate” in Paragraph 3 mean？(　　) A．Worsen. B．Form. C．Proceed. D．Extend. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中“We lose them owing to loud sounds and certain drugs，and we lose them with aging.”可知，本段引出问题“这些毛细胞退化时会发生什么”。因而画线词的含义为“退化”，与选项A意思接近，故选A。 7．What does the enormous challenge mentioned in the last paragraph refer to？(　　) A．Replacing cells. B．Receiving signals. C．Restoring hearing. D．Reconnecting pathways. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“We lose them owing to loud sounds and certain drugs，and we lose them with aging.What can be done to repair them so that we can restore hearing？”，第四段中“Almost all hearing loss is due to death of the hair cells or lack of formation of them in the first place.”，第五段“Hudspeth said，‘The problems...will be able to hear normally again.’”和最后一段中“this is certainly something that won't happen overnight in ourselves”可知，文章中讲到很多原因会导致我们的听力丧失，有些动物却能恢复听力，或许人类也可以恢复听力，由此引出最后一段的“这是个非常大的挑战，因为恢复听力肯定不会一夜之间就在我们人类身上发生”。故选C。 8．Which may be the best title for the text？(　　) A．How do electrical responses work? B．How can we decode hearing signals? C．What results in mechanical vibrations? D．What can animals teach hearing researchers? 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第三段中“What can be done to repair them so that we can restore hearing？”及最后一段中“But I don't think...restore hair cells by that means.”可知，文章中讲到很多原因会导致我们的听力丧失，有些动物却能恢复听力，或许人类也可以恢复听力，因而D项最适合作本文的标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2023·山东日照市高三二模) Residents of a Wiltshire town have created a vertical living garden to fight pollution.The wall of plants has been 1 to the side of a shop in Bridge Yard in the center of Bradford-on-Avon. Stephanie Edwards 2 the idea and brought it to the town council to put into 3 ．“As a matter of fact，the plants have 4 with them insects，and we've had a couple of birds sitting up there so it's 5 for sure and we must not forget the 6 of health and well-being，”she said. The wall had been in the 7 since 2019 and took about five days to construct.The wall is 8 seasonal plants，low energy LED lighting，birdhouses and bug hotels. Alex Kay said the living wall had a number of beneficial 9 ．“I don't think that anyone will guarantee that this will solve our air quality situation，but it will 10 it，” she said.“It's not just the traffic and the 11 quality，but this is about well-being.This is good for the 12 ．” James Sullivan-Tailyour，who owns the nearby Swan Hotel，said he was really 13 with the wall.“I think it's 14 a cleaner town，a nicer town，but also something 15 that is going to attract visitors as well，”he added. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Wiltshire town 用贴植物墙的方法来保护环境和促进居民身心健康。 1．(　　)A．limited　　　　　　　 B．moved C．attached D．pulled 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Residents of a Wiltshire town have created a vertical living garden to fight pollution.”和下文“to the side of a shop in Bridge Yard in the center of Bradford-on-Avon”可知，植物墙被贴到(attached)商店的一边来保护环境。故选C。 2．(　　)A．explained B．formed C．tested D．predicted 答案：B 解析：根据“the idea and brought it to the town council to put into ”可以得知，Stephanie Edwards 想到了(formed)这个主意。故选B。 3．(　　)A．action B．trouble C．shape D．production 答案：A 解析：根据上文“The wall of plants has...of Bradford-on-Avon.”可知，Stephanie Edwards 想到了这个主意，并将这个主意带到议会付诸实施(put into action)。故选A。 4．(　　)A．filled B．shared C．brought D．kept 答案：C 解析：根据常识可知，事实上，植物本身会带来(brought)很多昆虫。故选C。 5．(　　)A．changing B．growing C．marketing D．working 答案：D 解析：根据上文“we've had a couple of birds sitting up there”可知，还有很多鸟儿会在这里停歇，所以对于环境一定会起作用(working)。故选D。 6．(　　)A．benefits B．causes C．meanings D．results 答案：A 解析：根据上文“As a matter of fact，the plants have...of birds sitting up there”可知，尽管带来昆虫，但是植物的确是起作用的，因此，我们不要忘记它对于身心健康带来的益处(benefits)。故选A。 7．(　　)A．waiting B．planning C．painting D．destroying 答案：B 解析：根据下文“took about five days to construct”可知，植物墙自从 2019 年以来就在计划之中(in the planning)。故选B。 8．(　　)A．connected to B．mixed with C．made up of D．broken up into 答案：C 解析：根据下文“seasonal plants，low energy LED lighting，birdhouses and bug hotels”可知，这面墙由季节性植物、节能LED灯、鸟舍和昆虫旅馆等组成(be made up of)。故选C。 9．(　　)A．aspects B．profits C．views D．examples 答案：A 解析：根据上文“we must not forget the of health and well being”可知，植物墙除了给居民身心健康带来益处，它也会带来很多有益的方面(aspects)。故选A。 10．(　　)A．make B．help C．leave D．find 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I don't think that anyone will guarantee that this will solve our air quality situation”可知，植物墙不会完全解决空气质量问题，但至少能够帮助改善空气质量(help)。故选B。 11．(　　)A．life B．soil C．water D．air 答案：D 解析：根据上文可以得知，植物墙不仅能够改善空气质量，而且对于身体健康也很有帮助。故选D。 12．(　　)A．business B．agriculture C．technology D．communication 答案：A 解析：根据上文“The wall of plants has been to the side of a shop”可知，此处说的是，植物墙对于商店的生意也有好处。故选A。 13．(　　)A．familiar B．careful C．patient D．pleased 答案：D 解析：从下文“cleaner，nicer”可以看出，旅馆老板对植物墙带来的好处也很满意(pleased)。故选D。 14．(　　)A．designing B．creating C．describing D．copying 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Residents of a Wiltshire town have created a vertical living garden to fight pollution.”可知，旅馆老板认为植物墙正在创造一个更干净和更美好的城镇。故选B。 15．(　　)A．abnormal B．strange C．unique D．common 答案：C 解析：根据上文“As a matter of fact...of health and well-being”可知，植物墙正在创造一个更干净和更美好的城镇，它也创造了独特的(unique)东西来吸引游客。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2023·重庆市高三三诊) The living heritage，Kunqu Opera，is harmonious，elegant and emotional.These romantic features make Kunqu Opera one of the most loved art forms in ChinA． Born in Suzhou，Kunqu Opera distinguished 1 (it) by its rhythmic patterns.It became 2 (wide) popular during the Ming Dynasty.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties，opera players often 3 (gather) in Suzhou，staging dramatic works in ancient ChinA．Combining tunes performed in the Suzhou dialect，graceful body movements，martial arts and dance，Kunqu Opera uses a variety of movements to express specific 4 (emotion).It also pays attention to each difference.Graceful movements animate (使具有活力) the fingertips and unique tunes make 5 rich and poetic world. Kunqu Opera had an important influence on many forms of operas in China，6 (include) Peking Opera，which is about 200 years old.It is therefore known as the mother of all Chinese operas.As a 7 (tradition) representation of Chinese culture，stories 8 (perform) in Kunqu Opera have gone beyond time and space.The Peony Pavilion，written by playwright Tang Xianzu，who 9 (compare) to Shakespeare，is still loved by fans from around the world. A living heritage is an endless dialogue between the present 10 the past，and Kunqu Opera is a carrier to pass that legacy on. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国昆曲。 1．答案：itself 解析：考查反身代词。设空处的代词指的就是本句主语Kunqu Opera，主语与宾语指代相同，用其相应的反身代词作宾语。故填itself。 2．答案：widely 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式。故填widely。 3．答案：gathered 解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties(在明清时期的中秋节)”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填gathered。 4．答案：emotions 解析：考查名词的单复数。emotion此处作可数名词，前面无冠词修饰，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填emotions。 5．答案：a 解析：考查不定冠词。此处泛指“一个独特且有诗意的世界”，且rich以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词。故填a。 6．答案：including 解析：考查介词。分析句子可知，此处用介词including，在句中作状语。故填including。 7．答案：traditional 解析：考查词性转换。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词representation，traditional“传统的”，形容词。故填traditional。 8．答案：performed 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词perform和stories之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故填performed。 9．答案：is compared 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子是讲述客观事实，关系代词who指代Tang Xianzu，表示单数意义，和动词compare之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is compared。 10．答案：and 解析：考查连词。between...and...是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。故填and。 学生用书↓第158页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$