Unit 4 Exploring poetry（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

Unit 4　Exploring poetry 重点词汇 (一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．interpret 　　　　 vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译 2．industrialization n．工业化 3．Confucianism n．儒家，儒学，孔子学说 4．Taoism n．道教，道家 5．legend n．传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 6．vitality n．生命力，活力，热情 7．exaggeration n．夸张，夸大 8．metaphor n．暗喻，隐喻 (二)多义辨析词——认清 1．grasp　 n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 2．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取，索要；获得；夺去(生命)；认领 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．give a clue 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 提供一个线索 2．this remote village 这个遥远的村庄 3．as a reward for his good service 作为对他良好的服务的回报 4．the inner feelings 内心的感情 5．my ideal college 我的理想大学 6．undergo a painful time 经历一段痛苦的时光 7．advocate building a low­carbon campus 倡导建设低碳校园 8．striking imagination 惊人的想象力 9．encounter different customs and practices 遇到不同的风俗习惯 10．write numerous poems in the romantic style 以浪漫的风格写了许多诗 11．owe a debt to his inspirational poems 得益于他那鼓舞人心的诗歌 12．blame it on you 把责任归咎于你　 拓展词汇 1．freeze vt.& vi.(使)结冰→freezing adj.严寒的；极冷的→frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 2．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．含义；暗示；影响 3．contradict vt.反驳；相矛盾→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 4．interpret vt.解释；阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→interpreter n．口译员→interpretation n．解释；理解；演绎 5．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地→impatient adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的→impatience n．不耐烦→impatiently adv.不耐烦的 6．reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有意义的 7．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.始终，一直 8．logic n．逻辑(学)，逻辑性；合理的想法→logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的 9．real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上→reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→realistic adj.现实的；实际的 10．industry n．工业→industrial adj.工业的→industrialize vt.使工业化→industrialization n．工业化 11．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→believe v．相信；认为真实→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 12．character n．品质，特性；特征；人物，角色→characterize/characterise vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 13．stable adj.稳定的；安定的→stability n．稳定(性)，稳固(性) 14．tolerate vt.容许；承认；忍受；容忍→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→tolerance n．宽容，容忍 15．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分；辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的；高贵的，受尊重的 16．represent v．代表；象征；展现→representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 17．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的，吸引人的 18．title n．题目，标题；称号，头衔→entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格 重点短语 1．dig up　　　　　　 　发现，搜集，查明 2．set sth aside 把……放一边；留出 3．break with sth 与某事终止关联，破除 4．in the end 终于，最后(同义：finally) 5．pay attention to 注意；重视；留心；注意到 (点拨：to是介词) 6．as long as 只要(同义：so long as) 7．be rooted in 根源在于；植根于 8．distinguish...from... 使……有别于…… 9．be representative of 是……的代表；是……的典型 10．be recognized as 被视为……，被认为是…… 11．be fascinated by 被……迷住；被……深深吸引(近义：be addicted to) 单元佳句 1.Second，approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.(as if 引导方式状语从句) 2．Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do) 3．As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning，it will have been worth your effort.(as long as 引导条件状语从句) 4．It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years.(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...) 5．Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(过去分词短语作状语) 6．With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(with介词短语作原因状语) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。 2．相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。 3．只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。 4．人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。 5．在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下，李白二十几岁便离家周游各地。 6．超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通，使李白被公认为是继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。 词汇语境串记 　　When I was a baby，my mother used to read me nursery rhymes．The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.They can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things. Slowly，I fell in love with poetry.Poetry implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.So I often imagine myself to be an explorer.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.Interpreting poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning，to understand a poem is so difficult that I want to abandon，but I know I have to be patient.I will not be rewarded immediately，but when I finally grasp its meaning it will stay with me for a long time.Also，when I read poetry regularly，I will constantly discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig up a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 当我还是个婴儿的时候，我妈妈经常给我读童谣。这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来很矛盾，但它们很容易学习和背诵。它们还可以展示简单和普通事物的隐藏之美。 慢慢地，我爱上了诗歌。诗歌暗示了超越纸上文字的更深层的意义。所以我经常想象自己是一个探险家。碰到充满生动形象的诗歌是令人兴奋的。解读诗歌可能很困难，但也很有趣。一开始，理解一首诗是如此困难的，我想放弃，但我知道我必须有耐心。我不会立即得到回报，但当我终于理解了它的含义时，它将会和我共存很长一段时间。而且，当我经常读诗歌时，我会不断地发现新事物——即使是在我以前读过很多次的诗中。读诗歌就像试图发现和挖掘一件宝藏一样。我可以用一首诗作为一张藏宝图，最终引导我找到令人兴奋的新发现。 Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1分，满分20分) 1．grasp 　　 　 n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 2．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出 3．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵 vt.使押韵 vi.和……同韵 4．complex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结 5．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 6．remote adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的 7．reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金 8．perceive vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为 9．ideal n．理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的 10．undergo vt.经历，经受 11．advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 12．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心 13．district n．区，行政区；地区，区域 14．bend vi.& vt.(使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道 15．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取，索要；获得；夺去(生命)；认领 16．sigh n．& vi.叹气，叹息 17．encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n．相遇，遭遇，冲突 18．owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于；归因于 19．debt n．人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务 20．blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空3分，满分30分) 1．dig up　　　 　 发现，搜集，查明 2．set sth aside 把……放一边；留出 3．break with sth 与某事终止关联，破除 4．in the end 终于，最后 5．pay attention to 注意；重视；留心；注意到 6．as long as 只要 7．distinguish...from... 使……有别于…… 8．be representative of 是……的代表；是……的典型 9．be recognized as 被视为……，被认为是…… 10．be fascinated by 被……迷住；被……深深吸引 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分32分) 1．In fact, the glorious (glory) sunset impressed us deeply. 2．It was a career which she found stimulating and rewarding (reward)． 3．Peace and stability in the world are of great importance.Will they manage to keep the world economy expanding stably？(stable) 4．They are tolerant of different points of view, but we have a policy of zero tolerance for that behaviour.(tolerate) 5．Don't lose patience with patients！As a nurse, you should answer their questions patiently．(patient) 6．The distinguished (distinguish) scientist told the youngsters it was important to distinguish reality from one's dreams. 7．I was really happy that your childhood dream became a reality but now you must move forward and be realistic．(real) 8．Believe it or not, I hold the firm belief that he is an honest and reliable man.It would be unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.(believe) 9．Many representatives have attended the meeting, and some of them gave a representation of the achievement they made in the past two years.(represent) Ⅳ.句式仿写(每小题6分，满分18分) 1．句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that... 人们相信，这种可怕的疾病很快就会得到控制。 It is believed that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 2．句型公式：as if/though从句中的虚拟语气 他像往常一样继续工作，好像什么事也没发生。 He kept working as usual as if nothing had happened． 3．句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do 今天的作业容易做，因此，迈克很快完成作业，然后出去玩耍了。 Today's homework was easy to do，so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. 1．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地→impatient adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的→impatience n．不耐烦→impatiently adv.不耐烦地 ·with patience＝patiently 耐心地 lose patience 失去耐心 have the patience to do... 有耐心做…… ·be patient with 对……有耐心 【多维训练】　写作迁移 我最尊敬的人是我们的校长，他对我们有耐心。他总是耐心地向我们解释难题。他从未对我们失去过耐心。(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) The person I respect most is our head teacher who ①is patient with us.He always ②has the patience to explain the difficult problems to us/ explains the difficult problems to us with patience/ patiently．He ③has never lost patience with us. 2．reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的 ·reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物/某事回报某人 ·as a reward for... 作为对……的报酬 in reward for 为报答……；作为……的奖赏 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)正是由于这次旅行，我们拥有了一个难忘的回忆。 It was owing to the trip that we were rewarded with an unforgettable memory． (2)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。(感谢信) ①I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for your generous help．(as) ②I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous help．(in) 3．advocate v．拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者，辩护律师 advocate (doing) sth 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 advocate＋that...(should) do sth 提倡…… It is advocated that...(should) do sth 主张/提倡…… 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)因此，我提倡每个人在学习英语时都要试一试。(2022·全国乙卷) Therefore，I advocate everybody (should) give it a try when it comes to learning English. (2)提倡人人过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。(环境保护) It is advocated that all people (should) live a low­carbon life to protect our environment. 4．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerance n．宽恕；忍耐；容忍→tolerant adj.忍耐的；宽容的 ·tolerate (sb) doing... 容忍(某人)做…… ·be tolerant of/towards 对……容忍/宽容 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)I literally wouldn't tolerate being woken (wake) up by the noise of drum at midnight. (2)Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and show their tolerance (tolerate)． (3)因为我们无法容忍学生在考试中作弊，我们将采取措施来强调诚实的重要性。(倡议书) As we can not tolerate students cheating in exams, we will take some measures to stress the importance of honesty. 【名师点拨】 　表示“忍耐；容忍”的词语还有：stand，bear，endure，put up with，live with等。 5．distinguish v．区分，辨别；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的 ·distinguish between A and B 区分A和B distinguish...from... 使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as) (作为……而)出名；使自己出众 ·be distinguished for... 因……而出名 be distinguished as... 作为……而出名 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩，每年都吸引着大量的游客。(推荐信) ①Hangzhou is distinguished for its fascinating scenery and attracts large numbers of tourists every year. ②Distinguished for its fascinating scenery，Hangzhou attracts large numbers of tourists every year.(形容词短语作状语) (2)阅读书籍既能拓展我们的视野又能教我们分辨是非。(学习与生活) Reading books can not only broaden our horizons but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong． 6．owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归功于；归因于 owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe...to... 把……归功于…… owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 owe it to sb that... 多亏某人…… owing to 因为；由于 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends. (2)Thanks to his optimism and perseverance，he was admitted into Peking University. →It was owing to his optimism and perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University.(强调句型) (3)I owe my great progress in English learning to you. →I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning.(owe it to sb that) 7．blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责 ·blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 blame sth on sb/sth 将某事归咎于某人/某物 be to blame (for sth) (对某事)应负责任 ·take/bear the blame for... 承担……的责任(一般是坏事或错事) put/place the blame on sb/sth 归咎于某人/某物 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Furthermore，the boss blamed the mistake on his assistant，who wouldn't take the blame for the mistake he hadn't made. (2)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(人际交往) When getting along with others，we shouldn't always blame others for mistakes．After all，many times we are also to blame．So instead of blaming others，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place. 8．dig up 发现，搜集，查明，挖开 dig into 挖掘；调查，刻苦钻研 dig out 找出来，发掘 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)这个事故的真相是被一位消息灵通的新闻记者发现的。 The truth of the accident was dug up by a well­informed journalist. (2)如果你对生活充满好奇，并渴望更深入地去探究，那你就是一个批判性思考者。 If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it，you are a critical thinker. 9．as if/though 从句中的虚拟语气 (1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。 (2)as if从句用虚拟语气： ·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反)； ·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反)； ·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反) (教材原句)Second，approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，探索这首诗就好像你是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)瞧天上的乌云！看起来要下雨了。 Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain． (2)大卫坚持跑，就好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses. 10．主语＋be＋adj.＋to do 本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”。 ·特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义 ·使用条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。 (教材原句)Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者，事竟成”。 Even though the problem was difficult to solve，I didn't give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.” (2)我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。(自荐/申请信) ①I am not only easy to get along/ on with but also willing to help others in trouble. ②Not only am I easy to get along/ on with but also I am willing to help others in trouble.(倒装句) 【名师点拨】 　在该结构中，若不定式中的动词为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。 1.With grateful tears hanging in his eyes，he insisted on rewarding us with a lot of money for helping him.(情感描写) 2．The reason why we advocate building a low­carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.(倡议书) 3．I can't tolerate working with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.(投诉信) 4．The university is distinguished for its academic research and scientific achievements. 5．I owe you an apology for not going to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon as scheduled.(道歉信) 6．When facing failure, we should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame on others. [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．他眼中满是感激的泪水，坚持给我们大笔钱酬谢我们的帮助。 2．我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。 3．我无法容忍和凯特在同一个办公室工作。她就是不肯在工作时停止说话。 4．这所大学因其学术研究和科学成就而远负盛名。 5．我欠你一个道歉，因为周五下午我未能如期和你一起去书店。 6．面对失败时，我们应该反思自己，而不是把责任推给别人。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．As far as I am concerned, the play owes much to French tragedy. 2．What is it that distinguishes him from his classmates? 3．We'll make allowance for time off in the schedule. 4．If their work is perfect, then who is to blame (blame)? 5．The sports club decided to break with some of the past practices. 6．The young man claimed to be (be) the manager of the company. 7．As you know, the giant panda is perceived as the national treasure. 8．So far, the company is ＄500，000 in debt, which puts the manager in much pressure. 9．A top­class English resume will set you apart from other competitors. 10．He advocated that the children (should) take (take) an active part in sports games. 11．When asked about his job, Philip said he found it interesting and rewarding (reward)． 12．Tea culture is a representative (represent) of traditional culture, which is of great charm and huge value. 13．With their patience (patient) and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出句中grasp的词性及含义 A.vt.抓紧　B．vt.领会，理解　C．n.理解，领会 ①It is important that people grasp what is going on around them.__B__ ②She grasped him tightly by the wrist.__A__ ③These ideas are all beyond his grasp.__C__ 2．选出句中claim的词性及含义 A．vt.声称　B．vt.夺去(生命)　C．vt.索要 D．vt.认领 ①He claimed that he had found a mysterious star through a telescope.__A__ ②The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you can keep it.__D__ ③Because the accident had not been her fault，Barbara was able to claim damages.__C__ ④Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.__B__ 3．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，”Dr.Livingstone says.(全国卷Ⅲ)v.展现 ②We are all entitled to equal protection under the law.v.使享有权利 ③He is an advocate for more airplanes and fewer warships.n.支持者 ④I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teacher.n.情义，恩情 (一)应用文写作 [倡议书——环境保护] 4月22日是“世界地球日”，请你代表学校写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们过绿色低碳生活，内容包括： 1．环境问题的现状； 2．应采取的措施。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①由于我们的环境正受到严重破坏，政府宣称他们将采取措施保护环境。(同位语从句；宾语从句) Owing to the fact that our environment is being seriously damaged，the government claims that they will take measures to protect the environment. ②至于我们这些学生，我们学校提倡从我们自身做起，比如每天步行去学校，如果家不远的话。 As to us students，our school advocates starting from ourselves，such as walking to school every day if our homes are not far. ③在环境保护问题上，表现良好的学生将得到奖励，但那些表现不佳的学生将受到指责。(限制性定语从句) In terms of environmental protection，the students who behave well will be rewarded but those who behave badly will be blamed. ④在任何情况下，我们都不能容忍一些人破坏我们的环境。(倒装) Under no circumstances can we tolerate some people destroying our environment. ⑤我们坚信，通过我们的共同努力，我们会创造一个更美丽的世界。(同位语从句) We hold the firm belief that with our joint efforts we can create a more beautiful world. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 Owing to the fact that our environment is being seriously damaged，the government claims that they will take measures to protect the environment. As to us students，our school advocates starting from ourselves，such as walking to school every day if our homes are not far.Moreover，in terms of environmental protection，the students who behave well will be rewarded but those who behave badly will be blamed.Besides，under no circumstances can we tolerate some people destroying our environment. We hold the firm belief that with our joint efforts we can create a more beautiful world. (二)读后续写 [情感描写4——感激与感动] 形容词 thankful, grateful, moving 副词 gratefully, thankfully 名词 gratitude, appreciation 词块 ①shed tears of gratitude/appreciation 流下感激的泪水 ②be moved/touched to tears 感动得落泪 ③have a deep gratitude towards 对……深怀感激 ④with gratitude/appreciation 感激地 ⑤be deeply moved/touched by...被……深深感动 ⑥convey one's sincere appreciation to sb 向某人表达诚挚的谢意 ⑦with grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/welling up in one's eyes 某人眼里含着感激的泪水 续写场景训练——寒冷天气感受人间真情 1．彼得差点撞上一辆过路的汽车，这时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。 Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer­by pushed him to safety． 2．他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着感谢这个过路人，“太感谢你了！” With grateful tears/ tears of gratitude hanging in/ welling up in his eyes, he thanked the passer­by with a lump in his throat，“Thank you so much！”(with复合结构) 3．彼得在寒冷的天气里感到一阵暖意，他开始相信处处有善良。 A feeling of warmth swept over Peter in the cold weather, and he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.(无灵主语句) 4．看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。 It was very moving/ touching to see how much strangers could care for each other. 5．人群被他们的所作所为深深打动，大声鼓掌。 Touched/Moved deeply by what they did, the crowd clapped their hands loudly.(非谓语动词作状语) 6．知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下宽慰和感激的泪水。 Knowing what had happened, Peter's mother shed tears of relief and gratitude． Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Vincent Van Gogh (1853－1890) is one of the most popular of the Post­Impressionist painters.He is famed for the great vitality of his works which are characterized by expressive and emotive use of brilliant color and energetic application of impastoed (厚原料的) paint. Below are some famous pictures painted by Vincent and the poetic lyrics(歌词) to Don McLean's hit song Vincent (Starry, Starry Night) in the famous cartoon film Loving Vincent. Vincent Starry, starry night， Paint your palette (画板) blue and grey， Look out on a summer's day， With eyes that know the darkness in my soul. Shadows on the hills， Sketch the trees and the daffodils， Catch the breeze and the winter chills， In colors on the snowy linen land. Now I understand What you tried to say to me How you suffered for your sanity (精神正常) How you tried to set them free. They would not listen They did not know how Perhaps they'll listen now. Starry, starry night. Flaming flowers that brightly blaze， Swirling clouds in violet haze (阴霾，疑惑)， Reflect in Vincent's eyes of china blue Colors changing hue， morning field of amber (黄色的) grain， Weathered faces lined in pain， Are soothed (抚慰) beneath the artist's loving hand. For they could not love you， But still your love was true. And when no hope was left in sight On that starry, starry night， You took your life, as lovers often do. But I could have told you, Vincent， This world was never meant for one As beautiful as you. Now I think I know what you tried to say to me， How you suffered for your sanity， How you tried to set them free. They would not listen， They're not listening still Perhaps they never will... the Sunflowers Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear the Yellow House Starry Night Head of a Peasant Woman The Potato Eaters [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章作者带着读者在诗意的歌词中，欣赏梵高的一些著名画作。 1．What attitude does the writer of the song have towards Van Gogh? A．Prejudiced and changeable. B．Admiring and understanding. C．Doubtful but respectful. D．Positive but contradictory. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据歌词第一段中的“Look out on a summer's day，with eyes that know the darkness in my soul.”以及第三段中的“Now I understand what you tried to say to me...”可知，这首歌的词作者对梵高是钦佩和理解的，故B项正确。 2．According to the song, Van Gogh was ________． A．good at drawing on starry nights B．murdered by one of his lovers C．a person full of love and beauty D．popular with people when he was alive 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据歌词第五段中的“For they could not love you, but still your love was true.”可知，虽然他们不曾爱你，但你依然真挚地爱着他们，再根据“This world was never meant for one as beautiful as you.”可知，世界上再无你这般的美好，由此可知，这首歌的词作者认为梵高是一个充满爱和美好的人，故C项正确。 3．Which of the following belong to the four famous pictures of Van Gogh's mentioned in the underlined parts in Paragraph 4? A．The Sunflowers, the Potato Eaters B．Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear, Head of a Peasant Woman C．the Potato Eaters, the Yellow House D．Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear, Starry Night 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据歌词第四段中的“Flaming flowers that brightly blaze，Swirling clouds in violet haze”可知，鲜花盛放，火般绚烂；紫幕轻垂，云舒云卷，这句中绚烂如火的花朵对应的是梵高的名作《向日葵》，再根据“morning field of amber(黄色的) grain，Weathered faces lined in pain”可知，清晨琥珀色的稻田，饱经风霜的脸庞镌刻着痛苦的皱纹，这句中饱经风霜的脸庞对应的是他的名作《吃土豆的人》，故A项正确。 B (2024·武汉市武昌区高三质量检测)Throughout history, many of the world's greatest artists never achieved tremendous fame until after their death.That's the case of Vivian Maier, who's now considered to be one of the most important American street photographers of the last century, alongside famous names like Diane Arbus and Henri Cartier­Bresson.But she remained unknown for much of her life, and it was only a chance encounter with a box of negatives that put her in the spotlight. Details of her life are unclear, but she was born in New York City in the 1920s to European parents.Maier grew up in France before returning to the U．S., where she spent several decades working as a nanny in Chicago to wealthy families.During her days off Maier is thought to have taken more than 100，000 photographs of people and city scenes in Chicago, yet she kept the photos to herself—many of them were never developed. In 2007, a Chicago historian and collector, John Maloof, came across Maier's works by accident after purchasing a box of tens of thousands of undeveloped negatives for ＄380 at auction (拍卖)．As he developed them，Maloof realized they were more than just photos.He was looking at evocative (唤起回忆的) art illustrating the Chicago of the mid­20­century that nobody had ever seen.Maloof worked to uncover who the photographer was, acquiring more and more of her works.But before he could locate her, Maier had already passed away in 2009, having slipped on ice and never recovering from her head injury. While Maloof researched Maier's works, more details emerged.She kept to herself, her employers said, and she would spend her free days taking photos on the streets of Chicago with a Rolleiflex camera.According to Maloof, the children Maier took care of knew she was constantly taking photos, yet she never showed her photos to anyone.Maier also traveled around the world, as is indicated by some of her photos. Other collectors began to acquire Maier's photos, but Maloof owns much of her works.He released a book, Vivian Maier：Street Photographer, in 2011, and his documentary, Finding Vivian Maier, came out in 2013. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。薇薇安·迈尔在芝加哥给富人做了几十年保姆。在此期间，她拍摄了十万多张照片，这些照片展示了二十世纪中期芝加哥的样子，具有艺术和历史价值，但她的名字却鲜为人知。一个偶然的机会，历史学家约翰·马鲁夫发现了薇薇安的作品，并试图找到她。但直到她去世后，薇薇安才声名鹊起。 4．Which word can be used to describe Vivian's life? A．Risky. B．Wealthy. C．Mysterious. D．Miserable. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But she remained unknown for much of her life”可知，她生前基本上鲜为人知；根据第四段中的“She kept to herself...Rolleiflex camera”可知，她喜欢独处，空闲时便用Rolleiflex相机拍照。据此可推知，她是一个神秘的人。故选C项。 5．What do we know about Vivian Maier? A．She was born in France. B．She never developed her photos. C．She enjoyed great fame in her life. D．She took photos of Chicago and other cities. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During her days off...scenes in Chicago”可知，她在休息期间拍摄了许多芝加哥街头的风景照；根据第四段中的“Maier also traveled...of her photos”可知，从她拍摄的照片中可知，她还曾环游世界。据此可知，她拍摄了芝加哥和其他城市的照片。 6．What did Maloof do after he found Maier's photos? A．He approached Maier's former employers. B．He managed to meet the artist in the flesh. C．He released a collection of Maier's works. D．He purchased more developed negatives. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While Maloof researched...with a Rolleiflex camera”可知，当马鲁夫研究薇薇安·迈尔的作品时，更多的细节浮出水面；她的雇主说，她喜欢独处，在空闲的日子里，她会在芝加哥的街道上用Rolleiflex相机拍照。据此可推知，马鲁夫在发现薇薇安拍摄的照片后找到了她之前的雇主。 7．What can be inferred about Vivian Maier's photos? A．They were presented to her employers. B．They were meant to earn her a fortune. C．They were taken by a professional artist. D．They were of artistic and historical value. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He was looking...had ever seen”可知，她拍摄的照片展示了二十世纪中期芝加哥的样子，这些照片是唤起回忆的艺术。再结合尾段内容可知，她拍摄的照片具有艺术价值和历史价值。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研)I've been working as a United Nations(U.N.) Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years.Before this, I was a pilot and I __1__ my work.However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble, so I __2__ the United Nations. The Central African Republic is a relatively small country.Since it got __3__ from France in the 1960s, there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels(反叛者)．In 2012, a civil war began, due to which, over one million people were forced to __4__ their homes and there were many deaths and injuries.__5__， the United Nations established a peacekeeping __6__ in the country. We peacekeepers __7__ cities and villages to __8__ that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine.We are a __9__ that can keep people in conflict apart. As a woman, I am particularly __10__ as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country.When they see how others respect me, they feel that they also __11__ to be respected and treated __12__. My life is not __13__ in any way！It's long hours in a very tough environment.I have basic __14__ with just a bed in a shared room.Of course, being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times.However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the U．N.Peacekeepers, and that makes it all __15__. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者从一名女飞行员转行做了联合国维和部队的一员，作者在文中不仅描述了她的工作，也表达了对自己工作的骄傲之情。 1． A．hated B．enjoyed C．guarded D．changed 解析：选B。根据下文的 However 可知，作者应该是喜欢自己的飞行员工作的，但是她觉得帮助别人更加重要。enjoy意为“喜欢；享受”，符合语境。 2． A．led up to B．looked up to C．kept up with D．signed with 解析：选D。根据上文I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble可知，作者认为帮助那些陷入困境的无辜者是她的责任，所以作者加入了联合国维和部队。sign with意为“和……签约”，符合语境。 3． A．treatment B．technology C．independence D．inspiration 解析：选C。根据上下文和常识可知，中非共和国是一个相对较小的国家，自20世纪60年代从法国独立以来，政府和反叛者之间就矛盾不断。independence意为“独立”，符合语境。 4． A．flee B．return C．sweep D．tend 解析：选A。根据上文In 2012, a civil war began可知，国家内部出现战争，人们应该是逃离了自己的家乡。flee意为“逃走，逃跑”，符合语境。 5． A．In turn B．In surprise C．In response D．In addition 解析：选C。根据上文a civil war began和下文the United Nations established a peacekeeping ______ in the country 可知，联合国在中非执行维和任务是对内战的回应。in response意为“作为回应”，符合语境。 6． A．measure B．reputation C．business D．mission 解析：选D。根据语境和常识可知，联合国应该是在这个国家下达维和任务。mission意为“任务”，符合语境。 7． A．follow B．expand C．monitor D．block 解析：选C。根据语境和常识可知，作为维和部队的成员他们应该监管城市和乡村。monitor意为“监控，监管”，符合语境。 8． A．insure B．prove C．report D．predict 解析：选A。根据上下文语境可知，维和人员监管城市和乡村是为了确保没有冲突发生以及供应食物和药品。insure 意为“确保”，符合语境。 9． A．bridge B．barrier C．castle D．shelter 解析：选B。根据上下文语境可知，作者所在的维和部队任务是保证人们的安全，所以他们应该是让人们远离冲突的屏障。barrier意为“壁垒，屏障”，符合语境。 10．A．protected B．trusted C．valued D．doubted 解析：选C。根据下文When they see how others respect me可知，作为一名女性，作者特别受重视，因为作者可以成为这个国家许多妇女和女孩的榜样。value意为“重视”，符合语境。 11．A．deserve B．prefer C．plan D．fail 解析：选A。根据上文的 also以及下文be respected 可知，看到作者受重视，其他的非洲女性也觉得和作者一样，她们也值得被尊重。deserve意为“值得，应得”，符合语境。 12．A．gently B．equally C．seriously D．honestly 解析：选B。根据上文be respected and treated 可知，连词and表顺承关系，结合respected的意思可知，她们应该被平等对待。equally意为“平等地”，符合语境。 13．A．boring B．rewarding C．difficult D．fancy 解析：选D。根据下文It's long hours in a very tough environment.可知，作者生活环境非常艰苦，因此生活并不是奢华的。fancy意为“奢华的，精致的”，符合语境。 14．A．association B．accommodation C．administration D．adaptation 解析：选B。根据上文提到生活环境非常艰苦以及下文with just a bed in a shared room 可知，作者只有最基本的住宿条件。accommodation意为“住宿”，符合语境。 15．A．available B．ambitious C．worthwhile D．educational 解析：选C。根据上文However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the U．N.Peacekeepers, and that makes it all ______．可知，中非因为维和人员变得更加安全，作者作为其中一员应该是感到值得的。worthwhile意为“值得的”，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 As an epic which brings back to life some of the most iconic poets from the Tang Dynasty (618－907), the highly anticipated animated movie Chang'an 1.____________ (release) nationwide on July 8. The film is the seventh production of Light Chaser Animation Studios, often 2.____________ (refer) to as “China's Pixar” because of its successes since its 3.____________ (establish) in 2013.It gained an 8 out of 10 rating on the Chinese film and review website Douban, 4.____________ (unusual) high for a Chinese animated movie. With a runtime of 168 minutes—the 5.________ (long) of any Chinese animated movie to date Chang'an presents the decades­long friendship of Li Bai, and Gao Shi, his close friend and 6.__________ renowned poet, during the dynasty's transition from peak prosperity to the turmoil (动乱)．It was caused by the rebellion led by An Lushan, once one of Emperor Xuanzong's most favored 7.____________ (general)． Xie Junwei, 8.____________ co­directs the movie with Zou Jing, says that he has made multiple trips to Xi'an in search of inspiration during the creative process.He revealed that the sculptures and ancient paintings exhibited at the Shaanxi History Museum provided them 9.____________ invaluable ideas for the film. One audience said, “Every Chinese has a Tang dream, and this movie takes me back to the Great Tang Empire，10.____________ (inspire) me to feel ultimate idealism, romanticism and inclusiveness.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动画电影《长安三万里》。 1．解析：was released。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：作为一部让唐朝(618－907)一些最具代表性的诗人“起死回生”的史诗，备受期待的动画电影《长安三万里》于7月8日在全国上映。根据时间状语on July 8可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，release与主语movie之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语movie是单数，be动词应用was。故填was released。 2．解析：referred。考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影是追光动画工作室的第七部作品，该工作室自2013年成立以来因其数次大获成功而一直被称为“中国的皮克斯”。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，refer与逻辑主语Light Chaser Animation Studios之间是被动关系，空处应用过去分词形式referred作后置定语。故填referred。 3．解析：establishment。考查名词。句意见上题。空处用于形容词性物主代词its之后，应用名词establishment，表示“成立，建立”，符合题意。故填establishment。 4．解析：unusually。考查副词。句意：它在中国电影和评论网站豆瓣满分十分中获得了八分的评分，这对于一部中国动画电影来说相当之高。空处修饰形容词high，应用副词形式作状语，unusually是副词，表示“非同寻常地”，符合题意。故填unusually。 5．解析：longest。考查形容词最高级。句意：《长安三万里》时长168分钟，是迄今为止中国动画电影中最长的一部，展现了李白和他的密友、著名诗人高适在王朝从鼎盛时期过渡到动荡时期长达数十年的友谊。结合句意可知，句子表示《长安三万里》是迄今为止中国动画电影中最长的一部，空处应用形容词的最高级形式longest，表示“最长的”，符合题意。故填longest。 6．解析：a。考查冠词。句意见上题。结合句意以及常识可知，高适是一位著名的诗人，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，renowned是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．解析：generals。考查名词单复数。句意：这是由安禄山领导的叛乱引起的，安禄山曾是玄宗最宠爱的将领之一。“one of＋复数可数名词”为固定搭配，表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式generals。故填generals。 8．解析：who。考查定语从句。句意：与邹靖共同执导这部电影的谢君伟表示，在创作过程中，他曾多次前往西安寻找灵感。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xie Junwei，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 9．解析：with。考查介词。句意：他透露，陕西历史博物馆展出的雕塑和古画为电影提供了宝贵的创意。provide sb with sth为固定短语，表示“为某人提供某物”，符合题意，所以空处应用介词with。故填with。 10．解析：inspiring。考查非谓语动词。句意：一位观众说：“每个中国人都有一个大唐梦，这部电影把我带回了大唐王朝，激励我感受到极致的理想主义、浪漫主义和包容性。”分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑主语this movie之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式inspiring作状语。故填inspiring。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 emotive adj.有感染力的；激动人心的　chill v．(使)冷却；使冰冷 n．害怕；寒冷 B篇 tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的；极好的　negative n．底片；负片 adj.消极的；负面的；缺乏热情的　historian n．历史学家　emerge v．暴露；露出真相；被知晓；(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出 熟词 生义 B篇 develop 常用义：v.发展，壮大→文章义：v.使(胶卷)显影；显像；冲洗(胶片) 核心 短语 A篇 be characterized by特点(性)是……，以……为特征 B篇 chance encounter 邂逅　in the spotlight 处于公众注意的中心；出风头　come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见 完形填空专项练(一) 第一组 A (2024·丽水、湖州、衢州调研检测)Sports are important in our family.Both of our sons were high­school __1__.So I shouldn't have been __2__ when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls' basketball team.But I was because she has Down syndrome (唐氏综合征)． My wife and I never told Lauren that she was __3__.We treated her like our other children.We didn't want her to feel disabled. I discussed Lauren's __4__ with my wife that evening.She thought Lauren would make the team and she was right.Lauren did make it __5__ not all the girls wanted to play. The season's first basketball game __6__.It had a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren's team, was behind.Lauren __7__ followed the movement on the court and reacted to every __8__.Even though Lauren wasn't playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life.I felt __9__ for my daughter. Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game.Lauren__10__the others fairly well.Then they passed Lauren the ball.She __11__ it.She shot.She scored！A few minutes later, Lauren __12__ us in the stands.“Did you see？I scored! I made a __13__！” For sixteen years, I'd tried hard to __14__ Lauren from feeling like she was different.But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different not physically or emotionally, but __15__. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者患有唐氏综合征的女儿Lauren在不知道自己病情的情况下决定去参加女子篮球队，这让作者很惊讶。但是在赛场上Lauren表现非常好，她接球投篮一气呵成，这让作者觉得Lauren的不同并不在身体上或情感上，而是在精神上。 1． A．students B．teachers C．athletes D．clerks 解析：选C。根据上文中的“Sports are important in our family”可以推测，作者的两个儿子都是运动员(athletes)。 2． A．disappointed B．surprised C．depressed D．embarrassed 解析：选B。体育在作者家里很重要。因此，当Lauren说自己要去篮球队的时候，作者本不应该感到惊讶。disappointed“失望的”；surprised“惊讶的”；depressed“抑郁的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”。故选B。 3． A．normal B．ordinary C．different D．typical 解析：选C。根据上文可知女儿患有唐氏综合征。以及下文中的“We treated her like our other children”可知，我们并没有告诉Lauren她和别人不一样(different)。 4． A．announcement B．preference C．arrangement D．proposal 解析：选A。根据语境可知，此处与“when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls' basketball team”中的announced呼应，故announcement符合语境。 5． A．if B．though C．because D．so 解析：选C。根据句意可知，空前“Lauren成功入选了”和空后“不是所有的女孩都想打篮球”形成了因果关系，由于女孩想打篮球的人数少，所以Lauren成功进入了女子篮球队。故选because。 6． A．appeared B．remained C．changed D．arrived 解析：选D。根据下一句中的“It had a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren's team, was behind”可知，第一场比赛到来了(arrived)。 7． A．attentively B．carelessly C．frequently D．repeatedly 解析：选A。根据下文的“she looked as if she were having the time of her life”可以推断，Lauren很专心地(attentively)看着场上的赛况，并为每一次投篮(shot)欢呼喝彩。 8． A．team B．shot C．game D．shout 解析：选B。参见上题解析。 9． A．regret B．anxiety C．admiration D．sympathy 解析：选C。根据上一句“Even though Lauren wasn't playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life”可知，尽管Lauren没有上场，但她仍然很投入、很享受，这让作者很是欣赏(admiration)。 10．A．kept pace with B．gave way to C．put up with D．broke away from 解析：选A。根据下文中的“She shot.She scored！”可以看出，Lauren可以很好地跟上场上的节奏。keep pace with...“与……步调一致”；give way to“向……妥协；让步”；put up with “忍受，容忍”；break away from“脱离；断绝关系”。 11．A．threw B．missed C．cast D．caught 解析：选D。此处形成了一套完整的动作：“传球(passed)——接球(caught)——投篮(shot)——得分(scored)”。 12．A．challenged B．joined C．left D．greeted 解析：选B。结合空后Lauren所说的话可以看出，比赛后，Lauren来到了看台和我们会合(joined)。 13．A．mistake B．record C．mess D．basket 解析：选D。分析语境可知，此处是对“I scored！”的意义重复，“I made a basket”意为“我进球了”。 14．A．excuse B．prohibit C．discourage D．shelter 解析：选D。根据上文中的“We treated her like our other children.We didn't want her to feel disabled”可知，作者一直在努力保护Lauren，让她不会感到与其他人不同。shelter此处为动词，意为“保护，掩蔽”，shelter...from...“保护……免受……”。 15．A．spiritually B．consciously C．literally D．socially 解析：选A。长期以来作者和妻子为了不让患有唐氏综合征的女儿发觉自己与别人的不同而处处小心翼翼，但通过女儿参加女子篮球队一事，作者意识到了女儿真正独特的地方并不在于其患病的身体而在于她对篮球的热爱精神。 B (2024·衡水中学高三下调考)One snowy night, a pair of beagles (比格犬) was struggling on a rural highway.The father­to­be looked around anxiously, trying to seek __1__ for his dear companion.Frequently he would look at her __2__， feeling guilty she labored along, her way made heavier by the new life growing inside her.They __3__ for a warm, dry place.When her __4__ came, it must not be out here along the roadway. As __5__ would have it, Gus Kiebel, a wildlife officer, who was driving home from work, spotted the pair.He __6__ to the shoulder of the road immediately. The beagles made no effort to __7__ when Gus bent down and stretched out his hands to them.Gus __8__ their tags (狗牌) by his truck's headlights and tried to ring, but the falling snow __9__ the screen.He placed the dogs in his truck, __10__ his phone and called again.A man answered and instantly grew __11__ when Gus told him why he was calling. “I already gave them away，” the man responded coldly. Obviously, these beagles were __12__．Meeting their large begging eyes, Gus felt his heart __13__．“Putting them back in the snow is out of the __14__，” Gus thought to himself, “I must bring them home.” It's a simple story, but it speaks to the best of our nature: Kindness and love can keep cruelty and cold at __15__． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两只被遗弃的比格犬在雪夜被野生动物保护官员救下的故事，这个故事彰显了良好的人性：善良和爱使得残酷与寒冷远离我们。 1． A．shelter B．shade C．instructions D．routes 解析：选A。句意：这位准父亲焦急地环顾四周，试图为他的伴侣寻找庇护之处。根据上文中的“One snowy night, a pair of beagles(比格犬)was struggling on a rural highway.”可知，在一个雪夜，这对比格犬在乡间公路上挣扎着，应该是寻找“庇护所”。 2． A．patiently B．helplessly C．fondly D．proudly 解析：选C。句意：他常常深情地望着她，为她的艰难前行感到内疚，她的这段路程因体内孕育的新生命而变得更加沉重。根据上文中的“The father­to­be looked around anxiously, trying to seek ______ for his dear companion.”以及下文中的“feeling guilty”可知，这只准父亲对现在的处境很是担心，对自己的伴侣充满了关爱，所以，看他自己的伴侣时应该是“温柔地”。 3． A．waited B．prepared C．cheered D．longed 解析：选D。根据上文中的“she labored along, her way made heavier by the new life growing inside her”可知，这只母比格犬应该是怀着小狗，在这种天气状况下，“渴望”找一个温暖干燥的地方。 4． A．trouble B．opportunity C．time D．turn 解析：选C。句意：当她生产的时刻来临时，绝不能在这条路上。结合语境和下文中的“it must not be out here along the roadway”可知，此处指的是这只准妈妈要生产小狗的“时刻”。 5． A．life B．luck C．history D．news 解析：选B。句意：幸运的是，一位野生动物官员格斯·基贝尔(Gus Kiebel)在下班开车回家的路上发现了这对比格犬。 根据下文中的“Gus Kiebel, a wildlife officer, who was driving home from work, spotted the pair”可知，一位野生动物官员开车回家时看到了他们，由此可知，对他们来说“幸运”降临了。 6． A．pulled over B．turned up C．headed off D．sped up 解析：选A。根据下文中的“The beagles made no effort to ______ when Gus bent down and stretched out his hands to them.”可知，这位野生动物官员弯腰向他们伸出双手，说明他把车“停了下来”。 7． A．submit B．bark C．struggle D．escape 解析：选D。根据下文中的“Gus ______ their tags (狗牌) by his truck's headlights and tried to ring, but the falling snow ______ the screen.”可知，格斯试图看一下狗牌了解狗的相关信息，由此可知，这对狗没有要“逃离”的意思。 8． A．tore B．adjusted C．untied D．read 解析：选D。根据常识可知，要了解狗牌上的信息，应该是“阅读”狗牌上的标签信息。 9． A．colored B．misted C．dusted D．damaged 解析：选B。句意：格斯在他的卡车前灯下阅读了他们的标签(狗牌)，并试图打电话，但飘落的雪使屏幕模糊了。 结合语境可知，飘落的雪花会使手机的屏幕“变得模糊”。 10．A．dried B．charged C．examined D．grabbed 解析：选A。句意：他把狗放在卡车里，擦干手机，又打了一次电话。根据上文中的“and tried to ring, but the falling snow ______ the screen”可知，手机的屏幕变模糊，所以此处 Gus再打电话要首先“擦干”手机。 11．A．persuasive B．defensive C．curious D．grateful 解析：选B。句意：一个男人接了电话，当格斯告诉他打电话的原因时，他立刻变得很有戒心。根据下文中的“‘I already gave them away，’ the man responded coldly.”可知，这对狗是被遗弃的，所以听到打电话的原因是，主人会有“防御性”，担心把狗再送回。 12．A．discovered B．licensed C．identified D．abandoned 解析：选D。根据上文中的“‘I already gave them away，’ the man responded coldly.”可知，这只狗是被“遗弃”了。 13．A．racing B．sinking C．aching D．beating 解析：选C。根据上文中的“Meeting their large begging eyes”和语境可知，作为野生动物官员，看到被遗弃的狗的那种祈求的眼神，会觉得“心痛”。 14．A．blue B．question C．way D．world 解析：选B。根据上文中的“Meeting their large begging eyes, Gus felt his heart ______．”可知，这么善良的野生动物官员，不会再把这对比格犬放回到雪地，out of the question意为“不可能的”符合语境。 15．A．bay B．hand C．ease D．peace 解析：选A。句意：这是一个简单的故事，但它道出了我们良好的人性：善良和爱可以让残酷和寒冷远离我们。根据上文中的“It's a simple story, but it speaks to the best of our nature”以及本文讲述的故事可知，此处为该故事的寓意：善良和爱使得残酷与寒冷远离我们，keep sb/sth at bay意为“不让……接近”符合语境。 C (2024·广东高三联考)Although I enjoyed my new life and the time it freed up, there always seemed to be something missing.I thought it was a result of going from a high­activity career to a life of __1__.The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year.Golf took up most of my summer, curling (冰壶运动) in the winter, and hiking __2__ the times between.At the end of that first year, I was asked by a friend to help out at a local food bank that __3__ a winter soup kitchen.Initially, my responsibility was not too __4__.It started out to be only one day a week and took just two hours of my time.The task involved going to the local food bank, __5__ my car with pre­selected food items, and driving them to the kitchen __6__ the weekend.Within a few weeks, I was also helping to sort out the food I was bringing to the charity organization.This soon __7__ into preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event.My duties were __8__ from one week to the next，which kept things interesting.Sometimes, I would help serve meals；other days, I would fill in for sandwich makers who hadn't turned up for their __9__. People who came for the free meals were diverse.Some were homeless, and others were individuals who had fallen on hard times.The common thing uniting all the guests was their __10__ toward the volunteers.Most diners would thank the people from whom they had received help.That was a wonderful reward for our efforts.Another wonderful thing was that the food was given __11__.There was never any expectation to gain public __12__ for their donations；they just did it. Gradually, my volunteering __13__ have now grown to include two days at the food bank plus the weekend.Although it cost much more time than I first began this volunteering task, I found my volunteering time __14__.I can safely say that I get much more __15__ out of this type of activity than I ever managed to get from any round of golf or game of curling. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。在退休第一年，“我”很享受生活中的闲暇时光，打高尔夫球，进行冰壶运动，徒步旅行。在退休的第一年结束后，“我”被朋友邀请去食品库做志愿者。虽然在志愿活动上花费了很多时间，但“我”却从中得到了比打高尔夫球、玩冰壶运动更多的满足感。 1． A．depression B．leisure C．boredom D．enjoyment 解析：选B。根据上文中的“Although I enjoyed...it freed up”和下文的“The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year”可知，“我”退休了，那时享受着空闲的生活。depression“抑郁”；leisure“闲暇”；boredom“无聊”；enjoyment“乐趣”。 2． A．shared B．cost C．connected D．filled 解析：选D。根据语境可知，高尔夫球运动占据了“我”夏天的大部分时间，冰壶运动占据了冬天的时间，其余的时间则用徒步旅行来填补。空处与上文的took up应为同义词，fill“填满，填补”符合题意。 3． A．spread B．charged C．ran D．expected 解析：选C。根据上文内容可知，在退休第一年结束后，“我”被一个朋友邀请去当地一家食品库帮忙。食品库经营着一个冬季施粥所。 4． A．energy­efficient B．time­consuming C．heart­warming D．labor­saving 解析：选B。根据下文中的“It started out...hours of my time”可知，这刚开始只耗费“我”一周一天两个小时的时间，此处表示这是不耗时的，time­consuming“费时的，耗时间的”；energy­efficient“节能的”；heart­warming“暖心的”；labor­saving“节省劳力的”。 5． A．finding B．charging C．loading D．fixing 解析：选C。根据空后的“driving them to the kitchen”可知，“我”要开车把食物送到厨房，所以需要先把食物装到车上。load sth with sth “把……装入(武器、照相机或其他设备)”。 6． A．in preparation for B．in exchange for C．in expectation of D．in case of 解析：选A。根据下文中的“preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event”可知，他们要为周末的活动做准备。in preparation for 为固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”。 7． A．followed B．improved C．expanded D．continued 解析：选C。根据上文中“The task involved...charity organization”可知，从最开始的把食物送到食品库，到帮助整理食物，再到该句提到的准备炊具和菜肴，“我”的任务范围在不断地扩大。 8． A．consistent B．creative C．normal D．different 解析：选D。根据下文的“Sometimes, I would help serve meals；other days, I would fill in for sandwich makers”可知，“我”有时候帮忙上菜，有时候临时顶替做三明治的人，所以工作任务是不同的。 9． A．shifts B．schedules C．periods D．businesses 解析：选A。根据语境和常识可知，此处是指“我”会临时顶替那些没来轮班的做三明治的人。shift“轮班”；schedule“日程安排”；period“时期”；business“生意”。 10．A．generosity B．gratitude C．guilt D．greeting 解析：选B。根据下文中的“Most diners would thank the people from whom they had received help”可知，大多数来用餐的人会对给予他们帮助的人表示感谢。此处是指客人的共同点是他们都会感激志愿者。gratitude“感激”。 11．A．randomly B．particularly C．selflessly D．regularly 解析：选C。根据语境可知，此处是指食物是被无私地给予的，他们捐赠食物并不是期待得到公众的认可，他们仅仅是为了做这件事。 12．A．promotion B．awareness C．interest D．recognition 解析：选D。参见上题解析。 13．A．duties B．interests C．challenges D．concerns 解析：选A。根据上文中的Initially“最初”与此句的Gradually“逐渐地”可知，这是在描述作者做志愿者的过程，所以空处应与上文中的responsibility为同义词，讲述“我”在做志愿者的过程中职责的变化。 14．A．necessary B．worthwhile C．practical D．meaningless 解析：选B。根据上文中的“Although it cost much more time than I first began this volunteering task...”此句为Although引导的让步状语从句，主句含义应与之相反，表达志愿工作的好处，即：“我”从志愿活动中收获了很多，所以就算是花更多的时间也是值得的。 15．A．popularity B．admiration C．confidence D．satisfaction 解析：选D。根据语境可知，“我”将高尔夫球运动和冰壶运动与做志愿活动作比较，旨在说明“我”从志愿活动中能得到更多的满足感。 第二组 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A (2024·湖南高三六校联考)We live in a world increasingly dominated by science.Since elementary school，I have always __1__ subjects like science and math.To me，these subjects, full of discoveries and __2__， seem to play a more significant role in human progress than the humanities.And I always __3__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.If there was no right __4__， I thought, why bother？But recently I had an __5__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought：I took my first philosophy class. Before I entered the classroom, I was __6__.I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __7__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.But what I got was something quite __8__. A young man in jeans, Mr.Jones—“but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white­haired, buttoned­up old man I had __9__.Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about philosophical points difficult to understand，Rob __10__ us on our level.To talk free will, we looked at our own __11__.To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves.By the end of the class, I'd discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __12__ ones. It __13__ me that if I let go of my __14__， I can actually get a lot out of the subjects which I once thought were of little help.The class taught me—in more ways than one—to look at things with a(n) __15__ mind. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者从小就喜欢类似自然科学和数学类的学科，认为这些学科比文科发挥着更重要的作用。后来作者上了一节哲学课，课上哲学老师循循善诱的教学方式吸引了作者，这节课改变了作者对自己不喜欢的学科的认知：放下偏见，不喜欢的学科也可以教给自己很多，要用开放的思想看待事物。 1． A．chosen B．evaluated C．favored D．avoided 解析：选C。根据下文中的“To me, these subjects...seem to play a more significant role in human progress than the humanities”，此处表示作者认为这些学科在人类进步历程中发挥着更重要的作用，可推知，作者是更喜欢这些学科。A项“选择”，B项“评估”，C项“更喜欢”，D项“避免”。故选C。 2． A．formulas B．puzzles C．challenges D．innovations 解析：选D。根据常识可知，像自然科学和数学这些学科充满了新发现和新思想(innovations)。formula“公式”， innovation“新思想，新方法”。 3． A．automatically B．consciously C．accurately D．impatiently 解析：选A。根据上文语境可知，作者很喜欢自然科学和数学这样的学科。所以他会不假思索地(automatically)认为这些学科比英语等学科更可靠、更严肃。 4． A．reason B．answer C．method D．direction 解析：选B。空处响应下文中的“I'd discovered that questions with no right answer”此处指作者认为像文科这样的抽象、没有正确答案的学科，为什么要研究呢？故B项正确。 5． A．example B．experience C．incident D．adventure 解析：选B。本空是对下文叙述的概括，作者在下文中讲述了自己上哲学课的经历(experience)。 6． A．hopeful B．confident C．doubtful D．nervous 解析：选C。根据空后的“wondered what exactly philosophy would involve”作者想知道哲学课到底要讲什么内容。可知，作者不确定(doubtful)哲学课会讲什么。 7． A．upposedly B．mistakenly C．naturally D．previously 解析：选A。根据语境和逻辑推断可知，作者更喜欢自然科学和数学这些学科，会出现对哲学课了解比较少的情况。因此，作者想象中的哲学课据说(supposedly)是关于思考生命意义的又长又无聊的对话。 8． A．unique B．common C．different D．strange 解析：选C。根据空前的“I imagined”可知，作者之前对哲学课有想象，但是，实际情况和想象中不一样(different)以及第一段“But...taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought...”可知，作者上的这节哲学课打破了以往的想象，这也可以从下文中得到印证。 9． A．mentioned B．encountered C．expected D．missed 解析：选C。根据空前的“was far from”可知，此处讲到了作者看到的哲学老师和自己预期的(expected)哲学老师形象大相径庭。 10．A．engaged B．tested C．persuaded D．invited 解析：选A。根据下文中“we looked at our own __11__…at dilemmas we had faced ourselves”可知，Rob通过符合作者他们水平的对话来吸引(engaged)他们。 11．A．choices B．abilities C．obstacles D．doubts 解析：选A。由常识可知，“free will”指自由意志，这一般与人的选择(choices)相关。 12．A．objective B．effective C．encouraging D．appealing 解析：选D。此处呼应上文。结合本段的描述可知，Rob的哲学课吸引了作者，作者发现没有正确答案的问题结果是最有吸引力的(appealing)。 13．A．confused B．struck C．warned D．convinced 解析：选B。结合语境可知，that后的内容为作者在上完哲学课后一下子明白(struck)的道理“It strikes sb that...”为固定搭配，意为“某人突然想到……；某人一下子明白了……”。 14．A．pride B．concern C．assessment D．prejudice 解析：选D。结合第一段“...seem to play a more significant role...”和下文中的“which I once thought were of little help”可知，作者对一些学科有偏见(prejudice)。 15．A．open B．strong C．sharp D．interesting 解析：选A。根据上文中的“in more ways than one—to look at things”可知，这节课教会作者要用开放的(open)思想看待事物。 B (2024·青岛高三适应性检测)Each year, eight children in an average class in the UK are unable to read well when they leave primary school.Volunteers are welcome to join Bookmark, a non­profit organization to help __1__ this.With Bookmark you will brighten the futures of primary school children.Sally, a Bookmark volunteer, has a story to __2__. Sally joined Bookmark as a volunteer in 2021 when she had retired and wanted to __3__ her time to others.Before volunteering with Bookmark, she had never worked with __4__， so beginning the sessions was indeed a step out of her __5__ zone.Sally felt a real __6__ to Bookmark's mission and believed the challenge would __7__. “Volunteering has made me feel more __8__.I feel I am making a difference, however __9__ it is.I get huge __10__ from engaging with children and making them laugh as we read in a(n) __11__ way.All the pupils I have read with so far have become __12__ and eager to learn.The sessions do make you think on your feet somewhat, trying to explain what words mean and trying to __13__ a child's comprehension of a story.I've also really __14__ chatting to them and listening to them making up stories.Reading for pleasure is providing a __15__ to learning and a world of opportunities.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。有一个名为Bookmark的非营利组织招志愿者，旨在帮助有阅读障碍的孩子学会阅读。志愿者萨莉在退休后于2021年加入这个组织，她很高兴能帮助有阅读障碍的孩子们学会阅读并同孩子们共同成长，在阅读中获得快乐。 1． A．observe B．protect C．judge D．change 解析：选D。上文提到每年在英国，一个普通班级有8个孩子在小学毕业后不能很好地阅读，此处表示一个非营利组织欢迎志愿者加入来帮忙改变这一情况。observe“观察”；protect“保护”；judge“判断”；change“改变”。 2． A．write B．unfold C．invent D．outline 解析：选B。下文讲述了萨莉的故事，此处表示萨莉加入了这个组织，她有一个故事要呈现给大家。unfold“呈现”；invent“发明”；outline“概述，略述”。 3． A．lend B．pass C．show D．take 解析：选A。2021年，萨莉退休后加入Bookmark，成为一名志愿者，她想把自己的时间奉献给别人。lend“给予”。 4． A．books B．children C．readers D．volunteers 解析：选B。根据空后的“beginning the sessions was indeed...zone”以及下文的Children可知，萨莉在参加志愿活动以前没有和孩子(children)在一起工作过。 5． A．friend B．favorite C．comfort D．time 解析：选C。以前从来没做过的事现在去挑战，所以是走出舒适区。comfort“舒适”。 6． A．connection B．thought C．entrance D．admission 解析：选A。下文提到“I feel I am making a difference”，故此处表示萨莉觉得自己与这个组织产生了真正的联系，并觉得迈出舒适区这一挑战会得到回报。connection“联系，连接”；thought“思想”；entrance“入口，进入”；admission“准许加入，进入权”。 7． A．keep on B．pay off C．work out D．show up 解析：选B。句意见上题解析。keep on“继续”；pay off“得到回报”；work out“解决”；show up“出现，显现”。 8． A．patient B．curious C．serious D．content 解析：选D。上段提到她相信一定会得到回报，下文提到她觉得自己正在对别人产生影响，因此志愿者工作让她感到更满足。patient“耐心的”；curious“好奇的”；serious“严肃的”；content“满意，满足”。 9． A．fantastic B．interesting C．small D．ordinary 解析：选C。萨莉觉得自己正在对别人产生影响，不论影响有多么微小。fantastic“极好的”；interesting“有趣的”；small“微小的”；ordinary“普通的”。 10．A．joy B．comment C．respect D．result 解析：选A。萨莉因与孩子们建立了密切关系和使他们能开心阅读而感到快乐。joy“快乐”；comment“评论”；respect“尊敬”；result“结果”。 11．A．normal B．funny C．similar D．awkward 解析：选B。根据上文中的“making them laugh”可知是通过有趣的(funny)方式阅读。 12．A．honest B．kind C．enthusiastic D．confused 解析：选C。根据下文中的“eager to learn”可知，到目前为止，和萨莉一起读过书的学生都对学习充满热情，渴望学习。honest“诚实的”；enthusiastic“热衷的”；confused“迷惑的”。 13．A．analyze B．distinguish C．improve D．discover 解析：选C。在这些课程中，你要努力解释单词的意思，要提升孩子理解故事的能力，这确实会让你在某种程度上思维更加敏捷。distinguish“区别”；improve“改进”；discover“发现”。 14．A．continued B．minded C．remembered D．enjoyed 解析：选D。根据上文中的“I feel I am making a difference”“I get huge...making them laugh”等可以看出萨莉喜欢和孩子们相处，喜欢和孩子们一起聊天，听他们编故事。continue“继续”；mind“在意”；remember“记住”；enjoy“喜欢”。 15．A．route B．solution C．response D．clue 解析：选A。为乐趣而阅读提供了一条学习之路，给孩子们带来了一个充满机会的世界。route“途径”；solution“解决方法”；response“回应”；clue“线索，迹象”。 C (2024·嘉兴市高三测试)Our savings ran out and we were going to lose our house.We had to move into Grandpa's house，which had been old and beyond __1__ when Grandpa Mac was living.Now that the place had been __2__ for more than five years，it became much worse. The roof seemed to leak __3__．Hundreds of thousands of footsteps had __4__ the finish (末道漆) off the hardwood floors.One of the doors on the kitchen cupboards was broken and it __5__ open forever.Worst of all，the white paint on the walls was beginning to fall but there was __6__ nothing we could do about that. Joe and I both tried to be __7__ around Kelly as we packed to move.She was only three.As long as we didn't give her the woeful __8__， she wouldn't notice the poor condition of her new home. One evening，I walked out into the backyard to __9__ the heavy heat in the house.__10__ there wasn't any air conditioning.Kelly was busy __11__ the dandelions (蒲公英) in the yard.She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch.“We have __12__ in the yard，Mommy.Most people just have grass，”she said.“We also have pretty butterflies.This must be the __13__ place in the whole world to live.” I suddenly __14__ things were not that bad.It took a three­year­old to teach me how to see something to be __15__ for in our new home. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。由于积蓄用完，作者一家不得不搬到破旧不堪的老房子居住，但三岁大的女儿发现了新居的美，这使作者意识到自己的现状并没有那么糟糕，自己的新家也有值得感激的地方。 1． A．control B．repair C．recognition D．comparison 解析：选B。根据前面的“which had been old”可知，该空应填repair。短语beyond repair指不能修复。 2． A．empty B．noisy C．secret D．busy 解析：选A。根据前文可知，在祖父居住的时候房子已经老化而且年久失修。房子现在是空的，所以，empty“空的”符合题意。 3． A．for no reason B．in every respect C．on no account D．at any moment 解析：选D。前文提到房子年久失修，根据常识可知，屋顶看似会随时漏雨。at any moment为固定短语，意为“随时”。 4． A．worn B．kept C．cut D．cleared 解析：选A。此处指老房子的硬木地板也因为被踩的次数太多而掉了末道漆，wear表示“磨出(洞)，磨损，消耗，用旧”。 5． A．proved B．felt C．grew D．stood 解析：选D。根据该句话中的broken和open forever并结合语境可知，该空应填stood，指厨房橱柜上的一扇门坏了，之后这扇门会一直开着。stand在此为系动词，意为“处于(某种状态或情形)”，后接形容词open作表语。 6． A．hardly B．simply C．suddenly D．occasionally 解析：选B。此处指墙上的白漆开始脱落，但我们对此确实无能为力。simply“确实；仅仅，只，不过”。 7． A．brave B．friendly C．energetic D．cheerful 解析：选D。前文提到作者和丈夫的积蓄用光了，不得不搬到破烂不堪的老房子里居住，由上文提到的“it became much worse”“Worst of all”可知他们的心情很糟糕。由该句话中的tried to可知，作者夫妇在孩子面前尽力表现得高兴。所以，cheerful“高兴的”符合题意。故选D。 8． A．warning B．answer C．message D．lesson 解析：选C。作者夫妇不想将这一糟糕的信息传给女儿，句意：只要我们不把这种糟糕的信息传递给她，她就不会注意到她的新家的简陋环境。故C项message符合语境。 9． A．escape B．defeat C．release D．absorb 解析：选A。根据常识及后文“there wasn't any air conditioning”可知，老房子里没有空调，作者走出房子到后院是为了躲避屋子里的酷热，A项escape“(从不愉快或危险处境中)逃脱，逃避”符合语境。 10．A．Probably B．Accidentally C．Naturally D．Consequently 解析：选C。因为是多年没住人的老房子，没有空调是自然的。naturally意为“自然地，当然地”。 11．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．observing 解析：选B。根据下文中的“give me a bright yellow bunch”可知，女儿此刻正在院子里采蒲公英，pick“采，摘”符合语境。 12．A．flowers B．insects C．seats D．trees 解析：选A。根据上文“she smiled...to give me a bright yellow bunch.”并结合下文女儿所说的话“...We also have pretty butterflies.”可知，此处是指院子里有花。 13．A．quietest B．safest C．nicest D．cleanest 解析：选C。在三岁大的女儿看来，院子里有花有蝴蝶，这是世界上最好的居住之地，故选C。 14．A．confirmed B．declared C．recalled D．realized 解析：选D。听了女儿的一番话，作者突然意识到事情不是那么糟糕，realize“意识到”。 15．A．eager B．grateful C．concerned D．responsible 解析：选B。根据上文可知，此处指三岁大的女儿教会了作者如何在自己的新家看到值得感激的东西。grateful“感激的”符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$