Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

Unit 2　Be sporty, be healthy 重点词汇 (一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．bat 　　　　　 n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt.& vi.用球棒(板)击球 2．immune adj.有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 3．carbohydrate n．碳水化合物，糖类 4．imitate vt.模仿；仿效 5．philosophy n．哲学(联想：psychology n．心理学) 6．unity n．统一体，联合体，整体； 团结一致，联合，统一(形近：unit n．单元) (二)多义辨析词——认清 1．average n．平均水平，一般水准；平均数 adj.平均的；典型的；普通的 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数 2．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 3．court n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 4．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 5．master n．大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．increase the efficiency of heart and lungs　　增强心肺功能 2．tend to have better immune system 往往会有更好的免疫系统 3．encourage bone development 促进骨骼发育 4．stretch your muscles 伸展肌肉 5．improve your body's range of movement 加大身体活动范围 6．prevent soft tissue injury 防止软组织受伤 7．lack of exercise 缺乏锻炼 8．update our fitness courses 升级我们的健康课程 9．maintain the balance of yin and yang 维持阴阳平衡　　　　 拓展词汇 1.congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→congratulate vt.祝贺 2．assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n．假定；设想 3．tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→tendency n．趋势；倾向；偏好 4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 5．injury n．伤害，损伤→injure vt.伤害，损伤→injured adj.受伤的 6．equipment n．配备，装备；设备→equip v．配备；装备 7．lack vi.& vt.缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺→lacking adj.没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n．播音员；宣告者 9．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj.犹豫的，踌躇的 10．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．允许进入；承认；入场费 11.inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj.受鼓舞的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 12．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n．探险；探索，探究→explorer n．探险者 13．satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt.满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满足的；(感到)满意的 14．exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existence n．生存；存在→existing adj.目前的，现有的 15．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸；呼出→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 重点短语 1.do wonders　　　　　　　　 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2．over the long term 长期(近义：in the long run) 3．stick with 持续，坚持(同义：stick to) 4．make up for 弥补，补偿(对比：make up弥补) 5．put the finishing touches to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6．in response to 对……作出反应； 作为对……的回复(同义：react to) 7．under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 8．no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 9．be rooted in 起源于 10．prevent...from... 阻止……(同义：stop...from...；keep...from....) 11．to start with 首先，作为开始(同义：first of all) 12．get over 克服(同义：overcome) 13．play a role in 在……中发挥作用，扮演角色(同义：play a part in) 14．keep up 保持，维持 15．have an effect on 对……有影响(influence的高级表达) 16．be reduced to (doing) sth 使沦落；使陷入窘境；使陷入(更坏的)境地 单元佳句 1.It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) 2．Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings.(动名词短语作主语) 3．When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility.(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do...) 4．To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.(状语从句的省略) 5．Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th­century Taoist，was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(sb be＋过去分词＋to do...) 6．Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations.(现在分词短语作结果状语) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．事实也证明，经常锻炼的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 2．锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服负面情绪。 3．制订锻炼计划时，首先需要考虑的是你期望在哪些方向有所改善，是心肺功能、肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 4．为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时，要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 5．传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极拳。 6．太极拳教会了我放松大脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。 词汇语境串记 　　Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does wonders for us.Now，let's look at the benefits in detail.Firstly，doing exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over the long term．Studies also show that working out can help us reduce stress and get over negative thoughts.In a word，exercise is good for our body and mind. There're different kinds of activities.Aerobic activities，like jogging and skiing，can develop heart and lungs.Strength training，such as pull­ups and weightlifting，increases muscle strength and encourages bone development.Flexibility training，including gymnastics and tai chi，helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement．Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang which cannot exist independent of each other. Do choose your favourite activities and stick with it.When exercising，you must wear proper clothes and equipment to avoid injuries．Remember to drink to make up for water lost to sweat．Gradually，you will find，to your satisfaction，that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases． [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 几乎所有人都认为，有规律的锻炼对我们有神奇的作用。现在，让我们详细地看看它的好处。首先，长期的锻炼可以使我们的心脏和肺更强壮。研究还表明，锻炼可以帮助我们减轻压力，克服消极的想法。总之，锻炼对我们的身心都有好处。 有不同种类的活动。有氧运动，如慢跑和滑雪，可以发展心脏和肺。力量训练，如引体向上和举重，可以增加肌肉力量，促进骨骼发育。灵活性训练，包括体操和太极，有助于伸展你的肌肉，改善你身体的活动范围。太极深深植根于中国的阴阳哲学，阴阳不能相互独立地存在。 请选择你最喜欢的活动并坚持下去。在锻炼时，你必须穿适当的衣服和设备，以避免受伤。记得弥补因汗水而流失的水分。渐渐地，你会发现，令你满意的是，你有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险更低。 Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1分，满分20分) 1．disease 　　 n．病，疾病 2．reduce vt.减少，缩小 3．routine n．常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 4．stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 5．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 6．movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 7．average n．平均水平，一般水准；平均数 adj.平均的；典型的；普通的 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数 8．sweat n．汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 9．prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 10．maintain vt.维持；维修，保养 11．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 12．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 13．athlete n．运动员 14．plus conj.而且，此外 prep.加；和 15．nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 16．partner n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 17．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 18．nowadays adv.现今，现在 19．master n．大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 20．ache vi.& n．疼痛，隐痛 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空3分，满分30分) 1．stick with　　　　　　 持续，坚持 2．make up for 弥补，补偿 3．in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 4．no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 5．prevent...from... 阻止…… 6．to start with 首先，作为开始 7．get over 克服 8．play a role in 在……中发挥作用，扮演角色 9．keep up 保持，维持 10．have an effect on 对……有影响 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分36分) 1．Please ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation (hesitate)． 2．To keep energetic (energy), he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. 3．According to some philosophers, everything in existence (exist) is reasonable. 4．Please accept my warmest congratulations (congratulate) on your being elected manager. 5．Tom applied for admission to the program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted to it at last.(admit) 6．I climbed to the mountain top to breathe fresh air.Although I became breathless when I was on its top, the fresh air was worth it.(breath) 7．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration．(inspire) 8．To my satisfaction,__customers are satisfied with our products.I told the satisfying result to my sales manager.(satisfy) 9．Much money allocated to our school, all classrooms in our school are equipped with advanced teaching equipment．(equip) 10．Three athletic men appeared on the stage, and then I recognized they all used to be athletes in the national team.(athlete) Ⅳ.句式仿写(第1、2题每小题5分，第3题4分，满分14分) 1．句型公式：it作形式主语 据估计，这个愚蠢的男孩找不到摆脱这个陷阱的好办法。 It is estimated that the stupid boy can't find an appropriate way to get out of the trap. 2．句型公式：the＋序数词＋n.＋to do... 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女性。(人物介绍) She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 3．句型公式：主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth 据说中国专家的许多剪纸作品将会被展出。(传统文化) A large number of paper­cutting works by experts throughout China is said to be on show． 1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺(常用复数)→congratulate vt.祝贺 ·express/offer/convey one's congratulations to sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人表示祝贺 ·congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)他们开始疯狂地尖叫，拍手祝贺他赢得了一等奖。(动作描写) They began to shout wildly and clap their hands to congratulate him on winning he first prize． (2)得知你在汉语书法比赛中获得第一名，我写信向你表示诚挚的祝贺。 Learning that you have won the first place in the Chinese Calligraphy Competition, I'm writing to express my sincere congratulations to you． 2．range n．一系列；范围、界限 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 ·a full/wide range of... 大范围的…… in/within the range of... 在……范围内 out of/beyond range of... 在……范围外 ·range from...to... 包括从……到……之间 【多维训练】　写作迁移 我们可以方便地获得大量的英语学习资源，包括从听英文歌曲到看英文电影各个方面。(2022·全国乙卷，满分作文) ①We have convenient access to a variety of English learning resources, ranging from listening to English songs to watching English movies．(variety，分词作定语) ②We have convenient access to a wide range of English learning resources, which range from listening to English songs to watching English movies．(range，定语从句) 3．injury n．损害，损伤，伤害→injure vt.损伤，伤害→injured adj.受伤的 ·be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 the injured 受伤的人；伤员 ·do sb an injury＝do an injury to sb 伤害某人 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)He lost control of the car，crashed into the truck and got seriously injured (injure)．(动作链) (2)Once there，Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries (injure) in one of her knees.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) (3)营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(比喻；动作链) The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows，offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital． 4．lack n．缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的 ·for/through lack of 因缺乏…… a lack of 缺乏…… ·lack＋n. 缺乏…… lack for＋n. 需求；需要(多用于否定句中，较为正式) ·be lacking in 缺少…… 【多维训练】　写作迁移 由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。 ①Lacking confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词短语作状语) ②For/Through lack of confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lack n．) ③Lacking in confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(lacking adj.) 【名师点拨】 　 ①lack作名词时常与介词of连用； ②lack作及物动词时，后面直接加宾语；作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用； ③形容词lacking常与in连用。 5．hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑 ·hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事 hesitate about/over (doing)... 对(做)……犹豫 ·without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)如果需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫，通过此电子邮件与我联系。(告知信) If more information is needed, please do not hesitate to contact me via this email． (2)听到有人呼救时，他像箭一样冲到了湖边，毫不犹豫地跳了下去。(动作描写) When hearing someone crying for help，he rushed to the lake like an arrow and jumped into it without hesitation． 6．admit vt.& vi.承认(过错、罪行)，招认 vt.准许进入；准许加入；接纳；容纳(生义)；接收……入院，收治→admission n．允许进入；承认；入场费；门票 admit (to) doing/having done/that... 承认做/做过/承认…… It is admitted that... 人们公认…… be admitted to/into 被录取到；被允许进入；接收(入院) be admitted as... 被接纳为……；作为……被接受；作为……被招收 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The young man admitted throwing/having thrown (throw) some bottles through the car window and thus was fined a large sum of money. (2)The reason why I was absent from your birthday party is that I was admitted to/into the local hospital due to a serious injury.(道歉信) (3)人们普遍认为，范仲淹是中国最有影响力的历史人物之一。(2023·全国甲卷) It is widely admitted/acknowledged that Fan Zhongyan is one of the most influential Chinese historical figures. 7．average n．平均数；平均水平 adj.平均的；正常的；普通的 v．计算出……的平均数 an average of 平均有(后跟数词) the average of ……的平均数 on average 平均 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The Qinghai­Tibet Plateau is the world's highest plateau，averaging (average) over 4，000 metres above sea level.(景点介绍) (2)所有学生每周上两节体育课，我们被要求平均每天跑20分钟。 ①All students have two PE classes a week and we are required to run for an average of 20 minutes every day． ②All students have two PE classes a week and we are required to run for 20 minutes every day on average． 8．satisfaction n．满足；满意；欣慰→satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.满意的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的 ·with satisfaction 满意地 to one's satisfaction 令某人满意的是 ·satisfy one's needs/demands 满足某人的需要 ·be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意 be satisfied to do sth 对做某事感到满意 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)为了满足我的需要，爸爸为我创造了一个好的学习氛围。看着我的成绩单，我爸爸满意地点了点头，脸上绽放了微笑。(满意心理描写) To satisfy my needs，my father created a good learning atmosphere for me.Looking at my report card，my father nodded with satisfaction，a smile spreading across his face. (2)老师对我们在课堂上令人满意的表现很满意，这可以从她脸上满意的表情看出来。 The teacher is satisfied with our satisfying performance in class, which can be seen from her satisfied expression on her face. 9．in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 ·make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回答 ·respond vi.回应，反应，回答 respond to 回答/回应…… 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答我说：“我再也不会这样做了。”(神情描写) “I will never do that again，” he responded to me with tears of regret in his eyes． (2)她没有回应校长，这使我非常生气。 She made no response to the head teacher，which made me boil with anger. 10．the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth ·当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the only，the very时，常用不定式作后置定语。 ·动词不定式用来修饰的多是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，ambition，attempt 等。 (教材原句)When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility. 制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善：心肺功能、肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. (2)我们抓住了登上梯子的黄金机会，通过梯子上了直升机。(2020·7月浙江卷读后续写) We seized the golden chance to climb the ladder，through which we got into the helicopter. (3)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) John was the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability to help Bernard out of difficulty． (4)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(应用文写作之申请信) I can speak fluent English and I am the only student in my class to go abroad for further study.There is no doubt that I am the best person to be responsible for the job． 11．状语从句的省略 状语从句的省略有两种形式： ·当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 ·当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。 (教材原句)To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. 为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时，要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)He gradually recovered after treated (treat) for a time. (2)饮水思源；学成念师。 When drinking water, think of its source; having made progress, think of your teacher. (3)If it is possible，I am going to visit some homes of the old in the city. →If possible，I am going to visit some homes of the old in the city. 1.I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the First Prize in the Campus Opera Art Festival. 2．As scheduled, a wide range of activities will be available ranging from an oral English speech to English song performances.(活动安排) 3．For lack of confidence and afraid of being laughed at，he hesitated to run to the starting line.(心理描写，2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 4．Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you.(祝贺信) 5．The average number of electronic devices has risen sharply in recent years，making it possible for us to study online.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷) 6．Finally，my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A，which gave me great satisfaction.(2022·浙江1月卷) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．我写信是为了对您赢得校园歌剧艺术节一等奖表示衷心的祝贺。 2．从英语口语演讲到英语歌曲表演等各种活动将如期举行。 3．由于缺乏信心和害怕被嘲笑，他犹豫着跑到起跑线。 4．得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。 5．近年来，电子设备的平均数量急剧上升，我们也因此能够在线学习。 6．最后，我的努力得到了回报——我们获得了A，这让我很满意。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．As we know, breathing (breathe) is an automatic function of the body. 2．Lack of experience didn't stop him from getting the position. 3．Without hesitation (hesitate), I followed his advice and made it finally. 4．Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens.(2021·浙江6月卷) 5．After finishing the work, the workers went back home with satisfaction. 6．You can't imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he's earning. 7．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)． 8．Lang Ping is one of the most inspiring (inspire) coaches I've ever heard of. 9．News came that the company had invested in a set of new equipment (equip) recently. 10．Owing to his perseverance, he was admitted (admit) into Peking University last year. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出average的词性及含义 A．adj.平均的　B．adj.普通的　C．n.平均数；平均水平　D．v.平均为 ①The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.(2022·浙江1月卷)__A__ ②Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.__D__ ③It's said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.__C__ ④The average American has not even thought about next year's election.__B__ 2．选出动词admit的词性及含义 A．vt.& vi.承认　B．vt.接收……入院，收治　C．vt.接纳　D．vt.容纳 ①One day I got word that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease.(2022·浙江1月卷)__B__ ②She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied，all of whom were from Sweden．(2022·浙江1月卷)__A__ ③The gym to be completed next month can admit 1，000 people at a time.__D__ ④Only athletes who have reached the standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.__C__ 3．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①I called the office to update them on the day's development.vt.向……提供最新消息 ②Suffering a massive earthquake，the city was reduced to ruins.vt.使沦落，使陷入窘境 ③Developed countries should assume the responsibility of helping undeveloped countries.vt.承担 (一)应用文写作 [投稿——Youth与我] 你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇题目为“Youth and Me”的短文投稿，内容包括： 1．读报的经历； 2．喜爱的栏目； 3．期望和祝福。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①Youth创刊已经有10年了。(since) It has been 10 years since Youth came into existence. ②作为本报的忠实读者之一，我谨表示衷心的祝贺。 As one of the faithful readers of this newspaper，I would like to offer/express/send my sincere congratulations. ③它涵盖了各种主题，从诗歌到科幻小说，这拓宽了我的视野。(分词短语作定语；非限制性定语从句) It covers a wide range of topics，ranging from poems to science fictions，which broaden my horizons. ④Youth被认为适合我们学生，它激励着我努力学习。(be＋过去分词＋to do sth；分词短语作状语) Youth is believed to be suitable for us students，inspiring me to study hard. ⑤它里面有最新的消息和丰富的知识，让我感到非常满足。(分词短语作状语) Equipped with latest news and abundant knowledge, it makes me feel a great sense of satisfaction. ⑥我认为Youth在未来肯定会吸引更多的普通读者，有一个光明的未来。 I assume that Youth will definitely attract more average readers in the future and have a promising future. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 Youth and Me It has been 10 years since Youth came into existence. First of all，as one of the faithful readers of this newspaper，I would like to offer/express/send my sincere congratulations.In addition，it covers a wide range of topics，ranging from poems to science fictions，which broaden my horizons.Youth is believed to be suitable for us students，inspiring me to study hard.Therefore，equipped with latest news and abundant knowledge，it makes me feel a great sense of satisfaction. I assume that Youth will definitely attract more average readers in the future and have a promising future. (二)读后续写 [精彩句式6——虚拟语气] 虚拟语气是英语中常用的表达方式，以其表达的委婉性和语用功能的丰富性在交际活动中发挥了非常重要的作用。恰当地使用它，可以起到较好的修辞效果。虚拟语气的形式多种多样，在写作特别是读后续写所提供的语境中，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩。 句型公式1: “If sb had done..., sb would have done”或者“Had sb done..., sb would have done”如果某人过去……， 某人就…… 句型公式2：“Without/But for...，sb would have done”要不是……，某人会…… 该句式相当于If there had not been...，sb would have done或者Had there not been...，sb would have done 佳句 背诵 1.If I hadn't attended the contest and insisted on writing a good article, I wouldn't have won the gold medal！(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) ＝Had I not attended the contest and insisted on writing a good article, I wouldn't have won the gold medal! 如果我没有参加比赛，没有坚持要写一篇好文章，我就不会赢得金牌了！ 2.Without/But for your encouragement, I wouldn't have gotten the award.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 如果没有你的鼓励，我是不会得到这个奖的。 佳句 仿写 1.如果我没有和汤姆吵过架，我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方，面临死亡的危险。 ①If I hadn't quarreled with Tom, I wouldn't be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of death.(if从句) ②Had I not quarreled with Tom, I wouldn't be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of death．(倒装) 2．如果不是因为他的激励，我不可能走出困境。 ①But for/ Without his inspiration, I wouldn't have got out of trouble.(Without/ But for) ②If it had not been for his inspiration, I wouldn't have got out of trouble.(if从句) ③Had it not been for his inspiration, I wouldn't have got out of trouble. (倒装) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·济南学情检测)If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble.Tired of all that fat？If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories. Running “Running is one of the best calorie burners out there，”qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says.An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1，000 calories in one hour of running.“Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range.But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.” Swimming “Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes，”Saltos says.Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water. Boxing Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core.“Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session，” Saltos says. Rowing The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories.“An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average，”Saltos says. [语篇解读]本文是应用文。文章介绍了最能燃烧热量的四项运动。 1．Which sport can burn the most calories per hour? A．Boxing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Rowing. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Running中的“An average person...hour of running”可知，一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1 000卡路里的热量。根据Swimming中的“Swimming is a．..just 30 minutes”可知，游泳在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧500到600卡路里的热量。根据Boxing中的“Boxing helps you...an hour session”可知，拳击一小时能燃烧400到800卡路里的热量。根据Rowing中的“An hour of...calories on average”可知，一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里的热量。由此可知，游泳每小时燃烧的热量最多。 2．What is the advantage of swimming according to the text? A．It enhances balance. B．It improves tolerance. C．It produces low impact. D．It builds muscle groups. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Swimming中的“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body”可知，游泳是一种对身体影响最小的锻炼方式。 3．Who is the text intended for? A．Great athletes. B．Fitness experts. C．Sports reporters. D．Overweight persons. 解析：选D。推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文旨在介绍四项帮助减肥的运动。由此可推知，本篇文章是写给肥胖者的。 B (2024·石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检测)The widespread sedentary(久坐不动的)lifestyle has become a problem in America，fueling the rising obesity (肥胖) rate. Now a new study finds that being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise each day.Researchers found that people in social groups where exercise is valued are more likely to be more active themselves.Lonely people are more likely to live sedentary lifestyles without another person around to give them a boost.The findings highlight the idea that the company a person keeps can be a boost to their overall health and direction in life. Dr.Diana Thomas, a professor at a military school and study author, said that the idea for the research came from real life experiences on the campus.Her team had noticed a trend of people becoming more interested in fitness and other activities once arriving at the school.This is not usually the case at other schools and workplaces，where there is no significant impact on fitness.Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in­group social conditioning，where people will take part in activities that others around them are doing. People whose data were gathered for the study were split into three groups based on their physical activity level—sedentary，moderately active and extremely active.Moderately active folks were the most important for drawing people who are sedentary to become active，and to sustain that activity.Thomas explained that sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。一项研究发现，身边都是爱运动的朋友的话，久坐不动的人也会多参加体育锻炼的。 4．Why does the author mention the rising obesity rate in the first paragraph? A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support the argument. D．To provide examples. 解析：选B。推理判断题。作者在第二段介绍了一项研究发现，根据研究发现的内容可知，第一段提到美国肥胖率上升的问题旨在引出话题，故B项正确。 5．What helps a sedentary person become active? A．Volunteering in social groups. B．Working in a caring company. C．Joining sports­loving friends. D．Giving a lonely neighbor a boost. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise”可知，如果久坐不动的人身边围绕着爱运动的人，他们也会多多锻炼，因此和爱运动的朋友一起有助于久坐不动的人多运动，故C项正确。 6．What might have caused the trend at the military school? A．Requirements from the school. B．People's natural addition to sports. C．Social interaction within a group. D．Competition against other schools. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in­group social conditioning”并结合选项可知，军事学院的这种趋势是由群体内社交互动造成的，故C项正确。 7．Why are extremely active people less influential according to Dr.Thomas? A．They have no appeal for sedentary people. B．They are unwilling to involve sedentary people. C．They themselves often fail to sustain exercising. D．They seem like an example beyond sedentary people. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable”可知，超级爱锻炼的人标准太高，久坐不动的人无法达到他们的锻炼强度，据此可以推断，他们可能不适合久坐不动的人效仿，所以对久坐不动的人影响不大，故D项正确。unattainable“无法达到的；无法获得的”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 You might say I found marathon, step by step.Or perhaps it found me.I was __1__ an athlete growing up.In fact, I have a hard time __2__ that term to myself even today. It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three­mile walk.At first it was __3__．But soon, my body adjusted and I wanted __4__．Before long, I was running 5 miles.Then I set a goal to run a half marathon.And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought, “Now what？” I started to __5__ a marathon. It so happened that I __6__ a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach, Rick Muhr, and was so __7__ by his words.I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could __8__．Rick locked eyes with me and said, “Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！” I never had someone __9__ me like that, let alone a real, live coach.He gave me the __10__ I needed.I set out to run my __11__ marathon and completed it in 4：25：00.Little did I know that this would be the beginning of nearly a decade of marathon and distance running. Running a marathon isn't for everybody.But it is for anybody, anybody who wants to __12__ the unreachable and to take that __13__ into the rest of their life.When you cross the finish line you may never have a __14__ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.Your __15__ of the world and, more importantly, of yourself will forever be changed! [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动的意义。 1． A．always B．rarely C．never D．nearly 解析：选C。A.always总是；B.rarely很少；C.never从不；D.nearly几乎。根据上文“You might say I found marathon, step by step.”和下文“It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three­mile walk.”可推知，作者在加入一个街区步行小组后才接触马拉松，所以在之前成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。故选C项。 2． A．pointing B．applying C．turning D．spreading 解析：选B。A.pointing指向；B.applying运用；C.turning转动；D.spreading传播。根据下文“that term to myself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，apply sth to...是固定短语，意为“把……运用于……”。故选B项。 3． A．hard B．relaxing C．unfamiliar D．exciting 解析：选A。A.hard困难的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文“But soon, my body adjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选A项。 4． A．some B．both C．more D．none 解析：选C。A.some一些；B.both两者都；C.more更多；D.none一个也没有。根据上文“a daily three­mile walk”和下文“Before long, I was running 5 miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C项。 5． A．report B．record C．recall D．consider 解析：选D。A.report报告；B.record记录；C.recall回忆；D.consider考虑。根据上文“Now what？”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选D项。 6． A．held B．missed C．attended D．mentioned 解析：选C。A.held举行；B.missed错过；C.attended参加；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C项。 7． A．inspired B．disturbed C．embarrassed D．amused 解析：选A。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.disturbed心神不安的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.amused愉快的。根据下文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could __8__．”可推知，作者深受教练Rick Muhr的话的鼓舞，所以才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选A项。 8． A．participate B．finish C．win D．run 解析：选B。A.participate参与；B.finish完成；C.win赢得；D.run奔跑。根据下文教练Rick Muhr鼓舞的话“Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！”可推知，作者怕自己无法跑完马拉松比赛。故选B项。 9． A．agree with B．rely on C．care for D．believe in 解析：选D。A.agree with同意；B.rely on依赖；C.care for照顾；D.believe in相信。根据上文教练Rick Muhr的话“Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D项。 10．A．confidence B．pleasure C．satisfaction D．motivation 解析：选A。A.confidence信心；B.pleasure快乐；C.satisfaction满意；D.motivation动力。根据上文可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练Rick Muhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A项。 11．A．last B．first C．only D．second 解析：选B。A.last最后的；B.first第一的；C.only仅有的；D.second第二的。根据上文“And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought, ‘Now what？’ I started to __5__ a marathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B项。 12．A．test B．identify C．imagine D．reach 解析：选D。A.test测试；B.identify识别；C.imagine想象；D.reach到达。根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“the unreachable (不可企及的高点)”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D项。 13．A．knowledge B．request C．principle D．experience 解析：选D。A.knowledge知识，认识；B.request请求；C.principle原则，原理；D.experience经历，经验。作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D项。 14．A．bigger B．brighter C．clearer D．nicer 解析：选C。A.bigger更大的；B.brighter更明亮的；C.clearer更清晰的；D.nicer更美好的。根据上文“who wants to __12__ the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点；结合句中“picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有最清晰的认识。故选C项。 15．A．view B．love C．description D．memory 解析：选A。A.view观点；B.love爱；C.description描述；D.memory记忆。根据上文“When you cross the finish line you may never have a __14__ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有最清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。故选A项。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Marrakech (马拉喀什) is the fourth largest city in Morocco and has a rich architectural heritage.However, an earthquake in September caused serious damage 1.____________ some of them in the city. The Medina district, the old cultural center of Marrakech, was one of them.2.____________ (add) to UNESCO's World Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclosed by 900­year­old walls built of red sandstone that once 3.____________ (defend) the city against danger.However, large parts of these walls were damaged in the earthquake and long sections now show deep cracks 4.____________ other parts have collapsed. Apart from ancient walls, Morocco World News reported that the city's Kharbouch Mosque (清真寺) was almost 5.____________ (entire) destroyed.Before the earthquake, it was a cultural center for the city 6.____________ dancers and storytellers performed.A local resident 7.____________ (tell) The New Arab that the mosque dates back to the 17th century. After visiting Marrakech 8.____________ (follow) the destruction, Eric Falt, an officer at UNESCO, stressed that it was necessary to immediately plan for the 9.____________ (construct) of damaged cultural assets (资产)．The earthquake's impact on Marrakech's cultural heritage 10.____________ (expect) to be a long­term challenge that will require careful restoration efforts, noted Morocco World News. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马拉喀什的一些文化遗产在地震中遭到了破坏，包括一些清真寺和文化中心。 1．解析：to。考查介词。句意：然而，9月份的一场地震对该市的一些建筑造成了严重破坏。cause damage to是固定搭配。故填to。 2．解析：Added。考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区于1985年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，周围环绕着由红砂岩建造的900年历史的城墙，这些城墙曾经保护城市免受危险。该句的谓语动词为is，此处应为非谓语动词，动词add和其逻辑主语the district之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填Added。 3．解析：defended。考查时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语once可知，此处定语从句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填defended。 4．解析：while。考查连词。句意：然而，这些墙的大部分在地震中遭到破坏，现在墙体较长部分已出现了深深的裂缝，而其他部分已经倒塌。根据句意可知，前后文是对比关系。故填while。 5．解析：entirely。考查副词。句意：据《摩洛哥世界新闻》报道，除了古老的城墙外，该市的卡尔布奇清真寺几乎全部被毁。修饰动词用副词。故填entirely。 6．解析：where。考查定语从句。句意：地震前，这里是舞蹈家和说书人表演的城市文化中心。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a cultural center是地点，应用关系副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7．解析：told。考查时态。句意：一位当地居民告诉《新阿拉伯人报》，这座清真寺的历史可以追溯到17世纪。根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填told。 8．解析：following。考查现在分词转化的介词。句意：联合国教科文组织官员Eric Falt在该地遭到毁坏后访问了马拉喀什，强调有必要立即计划重建受损的文化资产。根据句意可知，此处表示“在毁坏之后”，应用其介词形式following表示“在(某事)以后”。故填following。 9．解析：construction。考查名词。句意：同上。根据前文“for the”可知，此处应用名词construction(不可数)作介词宾语。故填construction。 10．解析：is expected。考查时态和语态。句意：《摩洛哥世界新闻》指出，地震对马拉喀什文化遗产的影响预计将是一项长期挑战，需要精心的修复工作。动词expect和主语The earthquake's impact之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述现实情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is expected。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 qualified adj.具备……的学历(或资历)的；符合资格　tolerance n．忍受，容忍　session n．一段时间，一场 B篇 boost n．帮助，激励；增长，提高 v．使增长，使兴旺　highlight v．突出，强调；(使)醒目；挑染 n．最好的部分 data n．数据；资料　moderately adv.适度地；普通地；温和度　sustain vt.维持；支撑，支持；遭受，经受 词缀 变形 B篇 unlikely adj.不大可能的→likely adj.可能的 unattainable adj.达不到的，无法取得的→attain v．获得；达到 核心 短语 A篇 (be) tired of 厌倦……　build up 加强　on average 平均 B篇 split...into...把……分成…… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$