江苏省南通市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷

2024学年度南通市初二英语第二学期期末考试 八年级英语 二、单项选择(共 10小题;每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21. The runner from Ethiopia, Sufalu Woliyi, ran the finish line in 2 hours, 18 minutes, and 53 seconds, becoming the champion of the Nantong Marathon. A. past B. across C. through D. above 22. At the press conference for Shenzhou XVIII, Yang Liwei said, “It is 21 years I completed the ShenzhouV mission in 2003.” A. before B. when C. while D. since 23. — Mom, must I wear the safety belt? It's uncomfortable! — Oh, dear, I think you . Safety comes first. A. must B. need C. mustn't D. needn't 24. — Everything he does is to what we expect. — Although he looks a little different, he has achieved a lot in the maths field. A. similar B. opposite C. close D. serious 25. The following provides us with a lot of information every day, through which we will also learn a lot about how to study English. A. e-mail B. website C. leaflet D. newspaper 26. — It's said that Fu Bao, the first giant panda born in Korea, came back on April 3. — Yes. It for two months, and you can see it in Wolong Giant Panda Garden now. A. returned B. has returned C. came back D. has been back 27. The Xiaomi SU7 has become popular recently, but some people are still worried that the electric power might when they're driving. A. run out B. cut out C. set up D. give up 28. To practise “Xi Jingping’s Thought on Ecological Civilization”, we should separate rubbish into groups. Which of the following rubbish bin should old newspapers be put into? A. Recyclable B. Harmful Waste C. Food Waste D. Other Waste 29. The ideas of the information are organized in the way of . A. time order There are a few things you should keep in mind while hiking. Be careful about setting fires. Besides, don't litter everywhere. Moreover, please respect wildlife. . B. space order C. general to specific D. specific to general 30. — Have you ever watched Jia Ling's movie YOLO (热辣滚烫)? It became widely known throughout China. — Yes. It's an inspirational film(励志电影). . A. It's a piece of cake. B. One tree does not make a forest. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Many hands make light work. 三、完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题1 分、满分 15 分) For much of my childhood, my mother is always busy doing something for someone else in the evening hours. Sometimes she knitted hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. So I wasn't 31 when one evening my mother told us that she took on a new project. “I am going to telephone 32 .” said my mother. “Every night? But they are totally strangers to you.” “It doesn't 33 .” she said. “What's important is that I 34 .” I was sixteen years old and couldn't understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call 35 she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn't even stop to catch breath.” I said. My words didn't 36 my mother's enthusiasm(热情) for the project. That evening, she sat on the sofa and 37 talking to an old woman on the phone. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman at 38 end of the line about her day and what she had for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “ 39 do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert?” My mother held one of my hands, saying, “I'm the only person she talked to today.” It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that 40 . Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find 41 thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, 42 sometimes I'm the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but 43 I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I have 44 that my mother's calls were life lines that made sure housebound(居家的) seniors could keep in touch with the world. Without her, their world would have been 45 . It was my mother who taught me how important the company is, especially to the old. 31. A. happy B. worried C. surprised D. nervous 32. A. neighbors B. strangers C. seniors D. friends 33. A. mind B. matter C. expect D. afford 34. A. listen B. watch C. check D. say 35. A. while B. if C. unless D. because 36. A. develop B. increase C. improve D. reduce 37. A. carried out B. carried on C. cut in D. cut out 38. A. another B. other C. the other D. others 39. A. Why B. How C. When D. What 40. A. complain B. condition C. conclusion D. conversation 41. A. me B. her C. myself D. herself 42. A. and B. but C. so D. however 43. A. properly B. especially C. suddenly D. mostly 44. A. achieved B. realized C. noticed D. remembered 45. A. empty B. bright C. fantastic D. unfair 四、阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Seeing Trees By Nancy R. Hugo, US You know about bird watching, but what about “tree watching”? In this book, Nancy R. Hugo shows you that there's much more to a tree than what meets the eye. By looking at 10 well-known types of trees, Hugo opens up the world of trees, including their leaves and flowers. You may think tree watching is easier than bird watching. However, “trees can be difficult to track”, Hugo writes in his book. She shows you how to look beyond the leaves to find some trees’ “secrets”. Written in easy-to-understand language, Hugo offers readers ways to kick-start a “tree-watching” hobby. The book also features many amazing pictures, including close-ups(特写) and whole tree shots. Living as a Naturalist By Liu Huajie, China Have you ever wanted to see the world through the “eyes” of plants? Living as a Naturalist invit es you into this world. Natural history might seem like a difficult subject, but this book makes natural history attractive and easy to understand. Liu uses flowers and plants as an entry point and shows readers how to learn natural history in our daily lives to make our lives more enjoyable. The book brings together traditional Chinese ideas on knowing about animals and nature with information on famous natural history people in the West. This is all done with a humorous writing style. The book also includes beautiful pictures of plants and animals. 46. In which part of the newspaper can we read the text above? A. Culture. B. Technology. C. Art. D. Nature. 47. What do Seeing Trees and Living as a Naturalist have in common(共同点) according to the passage? A. They only write about plants. B. They include some great pictures. C. They have a humorous writing style. D. They have easy-to-understand language. 48. Through the reading materials above, the editor (编辑) might want to______. A. explore the unknown world with writers B. call on readers to protect the environment C. open the world of the great outdoors for readers D. show readers what new books are popular these days B Should we use AI in schools? Some people may say no, but many experts and officials think AI tools should be safely and properly used in schools instead of being banned (禁止). Zheng Qinghua, president of Tongji University, stressed the importance of taking the chances and challenges presented by Al-empowered education(教育平台). He suggested that young people should be guided to improve their understanding of the knowledge created by technology. In fact, AI has already become more and more important for teaching, learning, and school management. Zheng stressed the wide use of different models such as Ernie Bot, an AI chatbot developed by Baidu. It can write papers, solve science problems and help students with their homework and tests. A survey showed that 89 percent of students had used Chat GPT for homework assistance. Some people worry that it may bring the problem of dishonesty and some bad influence (影响) on education. Instead of simply using AI to give answers or finish homework and tests, people should concentrate on using AI to help students be creative and have the ability to solve real-world problems, said Zheng. To make sure AI is used safely, effectively and properly, people around the world are working on rules. In the US, plans are made to protect people's rights when using chatbots. As Colin Bailey, president of Queen Mary University of London, pointed that the UK government is taking action to manage AI and encourage creativity. China has also done something for managing AI services. Chen Jie, vice-minister of education, said it's important for schools and research centers to work together to deal with problems caused by AI. 49. What method did the author use to introduce the topic? A. By asking and answering. B. By doing a survey. C. By showing an example. D. By using a famous saying. 50. What opinion may Zheng Qinghua support? A. AI models should not be allowed to use in school. B. Schools should guide and encourage students to use AI properly. C. Students should buy different models to solve real-world problems. D. Many models like Ernie Bot have a bad influence on students' study. 51. What does the underlined phrase “concentrate on” mean in Paragraph 4? A. pay more attention to B. spend less time in C. give up the opinion of D. get more used to 52. What is the main idea of last Paragraph? A. AI is changing our daily life quickly. B. AI's influence on education attracts global attention. C. Great efforts around the world are being put into managing AI. D. China, the US and the UK are leading the world in the use of AI. C The Paris Olympic Games will take place from July 26 to August 11, 2024, while the Paralympic Games(残奥会) are planned from August 28 to September 8. Unlike in previous(先前的) years, both the Olympic and Paralympic share the same torch design. The torch, 70cm in height, is made of lightweight shiny steel and stands out for its champagne color(香槟色). The bottom part has a special design that looks like the River Seine, along which the opening ceremony will be held. Mathieu Lehanneur, the designer of the torch, shared that he drew inspiration from three themes of the 2024 Paris Olympics — equality, water, and peace. He explained, “For the first time in its history, the torch for the 2024 Paris Olympics has a perfect balance between non-disabled athletes and para-athletes, which shows us what equality really means.” Equality is also a driving force behind the Paris 2024 project. This includes putting the same effort into organizing the Paralympic Games as well as the Olympic Games. Equality can also be seen in the showing of women, with as many women as men competing, which is new in the Games' history. “The design of the torch stands for water, which looks like flowing water waves. And it seems to have a vibrating feeling, almost like it's moving. Peace is shown by the gentleness of the curves(曲线).” added the designer. The Paris 2024 torch was made by ArcelorMittal, an official partner of Paris 2024. ArcelorMittal will produce 2,000 torches, at least five times fewer than in previous editions of the Games, in order to reduce the influence of production. The torch which was poured with the wisdom and effort of French people was lit by the sunlight in Olympia, Greece, on April 16, 2024. After that, it has started a journey through 64 areas of France, including five overseas areas. 53. Which of the following can describe the theme of equality according to the passage? ① The bottom part of the torch is shaped with gentle curves. ② The organization puts the same effort into the two events. ③ They want to have the same number of women and men in the competition. ④ The Paris Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games share the same torch design. A. ② ③ B. ① ② C. ② ③ ④ D. ① ② ③ ④ 54. What can be inferred from Paragraph 6? A. ArcelorMittal is an official partner of Paris 2024. B. The Paris 2024 project shows protection for the environment. C. In previous Olympics, less than 10,000 torches were produced. D. The material of the torch for Paris Olympics is environment-friendly. 55. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2...) 56. What's the best title for the passage? A. Paris Light B. Torch of Unity C. 2024 Paris Olympics D. Torch for 2024 Olympics D There was now a cold rain falling and the wind was stronger. The few people walking along that street were hurrying, trying to keep warm. At the door of the shop stood the man who had come a thousand miles to meet with the friend of his youth, Jimmy Wells. Such a meeting could not be certain. But he waited. About twenty minutes he waited, and then a tall man in a long coat with collar tuned up to his ears, hurried across from the opposite side of the street. He went directly to the waiting man. “Is that you, Bob?” he asked, doubtfully(怀疑地). “Is that you, Jimmy Wells?” cried Bob. The new man took Bob's hands in his. “It's Bob! It surely is. I was certain I would find you here if you were still alive. Well, well, well!—Twenty years is a long time. The old restaurant is gone, Bob. I wish it were here, so that we could have another dinner there. How has the West treated you, old man?” “It gave me everything I asked it for. You've changed lots, Jimmy. I never thought you were so tall by two or three inches.” “Oh, I grew a bit after I was twenty.” “Are you doing well in New York, Jimmy?” “Well enough. I work for the city. Come on, Bob! We'll go to a place I know. and have a good long talk about old times.” The two men walked along the street, arm in arm. Bob, the man from the West, was beginning to tell the story of his life. The other, hidden in his overcoat, listened with interest. At the corner stood a drug store, brilliant with electric lights. When they came near, each turned to look at the other's face. The man from the West stopped suddenly and pulled his arm away. “You’re not Jimmy Wells.” he shouted. “Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change the shape of a man's nose.” “It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man. “You are under arrest (逮捕) now. Well, Bob, Chicago policemen thought you might be coming to New York. They told us to watch for you. Going quietly, are you? That's wise. Now, before we go to the station here's a note I was asked to hand to you. You may read it here at the window. It's from a policeman named Wells.” 57. Story Mountain can help us read a story. According to the given chart, which of the following shows “Setting”(背景)? A. The tall man gave Bob a note from Wells. B. Bob found out his new man wasn't his friend. C. Bob is a criminal and Jimmy Wells is a policeman. D. One cold rainy evening, few people walked on the street. 58. In which order did the following events take place? a. Bob found out his new man wasn't his friend. b. Bob waited at the door of a shop and a new man came to meet him. c. They had a talk about Bob's life in the West. d. The man explained the truth of the matter. e. Wells got in touch with a man and gave him a note. A. e—b—c—a—d B. b—c—a—e—d C. e—b—a—c—d D. b—d—c—a—e 59. Why does the writer describe the tall man's coat in Paragraph 2? A. To express the theme of the story. B. To prepare for the following content. C. To make the story more interesting. D. To shape the handsome image of the police. 60. What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text? A. The work Bob did in Chicago. B. Bob's secret plan to run away from the police. C. The contents of the note from the policeman named Wells. D. The tall man's doubt about whether to arrest Bob or not. 第二节 信息还原 (六选五)(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? 61▲ They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted”(内向) and “extroverted”(外向). 62▲ For example, when an introverted person is with a group of extroverted friends, he might become more social like an “E” person. According to scientists, this idea of temporary(临时地) changing personalities is called “masking”. 63▲ “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the Master Class website. Using the MBTI result to describe someone's personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan. I thought of an article that “P people” don't like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don't seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” she asked back. “Must I follow what my personality test tells me to do?” 64▲ . The MBTI personality test may show something you don't know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that's all it is — for fun. Knowing someone's MBTI result doesn't mean you really know this person. 65▲ . A. Besides, don't let the result of the test limit who you are. B. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations. C. It was then I realized I'd taken the result too seriously. D. These two personalities are widely discussed online. E. No matter if we are introverted or extroverted, we all need to understand each other. F. Even if someone is quiet, many online discussions suggest an “I” person may act outgoing. 第II卷 (非选择题 共60分) 五、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) Recycling is one of the most useful ways to reduce waste and protect the environment. However, many people still find 66▲ difficult to do with their household waste properly. The new intelligent waste recycling machine in Shanghai is a great solution to this problem. It makes it much 67▲ (easy) for people to manage their waste in an environment-friendly way. The machine is user-friendly and can recycle different kinds of waste 68▲ paper and plastic. People will get paid through WeChat in less than 2 minutes if their recyclable waste 69▲ (throw) into the machine. This not only encourages people to recycle but also helps to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills. The machine has been well-received by some communities recently. Aunt Yu said that the workers 70▲ (teach) them how to use the machine correctly. Now, they can complete the recycling process by following a few 71▲ (step). It shows that education and awareness are important to protect the environment. Our planet is facing many environmental problems, and it is up to all of us to take action 72▲ (wise) to build a greener future. Recycling is just one of the many ways we can do our part. By 73▲ (use) the new intelligent waste recycling machine, we can make an active influence on the environment and help to create a more sustainable(可持续的) life. All in all, the new waste recycling machine is a great example of how technology can be used 74▲ (improve) recycling and protect the environment. How 75▲ (meaning) and convenient it is for people to recycle with the help of new technology! Let us all do our part to reduce waste and build a greener future. 六、短文填空(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 阅读短文, 根据所给的首字母提示, 写出一个合适的单词, 使短文通顺。 Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island. It was once a daily pleasure for Melati and Isabel to enjoy a swim at their local beach. But in 2013, when Melati was 12, and Isabel just 10, the sisters started to (76)1 ▲ their love and interest in swimming in the waters near their home on the island. When they walked back to the beach, red and white plastic shopping bags would stick to their legs and bodies. Melati didn't think much about it (77) u ▲ later in 2013, when her teacher gave a lesson on world heroes. Each of the heroes made a big (78)d ▲ to the world. So she began to spend her spare time (79)p ▲ up rubbish on the beach. However, it was soon that she realized she couldn't solve the problem on her own, for there was so much plastic. One night, Melati had a (80) d ▲ with Isabel about ways to fix the plastic pollution. They agreed that they should start an organization to (81)s ▲ their idea throughout the island quickly, encouraging more youths to join in the clean-up movement. More and more teenagers took part. Soon they gathered a team (82)m ▲ up of 15 youths. They named their group “Bye Bye Plastic Bags (BBPB)”. Its task was (83)s ▲ : just stop local people from using plastic bags. The following year, the BBPB team spent their lunchtimes having meetings and organizing activities to stop plastic bags. Around 12,000 people collected 36 tons of plastic across 55 locations. Another year later, it became the biggest clean-up event on the island. Then Melati (84)r ▲ an invitation from the local newspaper and was expected to share her wonderful thoughts and experiences. From then on, they got to be famous around the world. Today, BBPB is a global youth movement and has more than 50 teams in 29 countries. For new starters, their teams are provided with a set of tools and a handbook prepared by Melati and Isabel. The handbook (85)e ▲ how to organize teams, events and how to better understand the plastic situation in their own community. Thanks to Melati and Isabel, the real heroes, BBPB turns out to be a great success. 七、阅读与回答问题 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 “The wind blows fragrance of the lotus. Dew drips on the bamboo with a clear sound.” This was how Meng Haoran, the famous Tang Dynasty poet, described the scene at the height of summer in what is now Hubei Province, 1,400 years ago. The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar systems. Summer Solstice, Xiazhi, is the 10th solar term of the year, falls on June 21st or 22nd. It is the longest day and the shortest night of the year in the northern hemisphere (半球). Another Tang Dynasty poet, Wei Yingwu wrote. “Day by the sundial has reached its peak, while the night by the water clock has begun to grow.” Although the summer solstice marks the longest day of the year, it does not bring the hottest temperatures which will come only 20 to 30 days later. Summer Solstice is celebrated everywhere in the world that the sun shines. In China, women exchange gifts like fans and sachets of herbs(香草制成的香蕉) on the day, expressing their wish for a comfortable and pleasant summer. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, this is when the yang energy in the human body reaches its top. Therefore, people need to protect this energy and prevent their bodies from getting sunstroke(中暑). With the approach of hot summer days, great attention should be paid to our diet. We need to change to a menu designed for hot summer, or we might suffer from an imbalance of nutrition. An old saying goes, “cat dumplings on the Winter Solstice and cat noodles on Summer Solstice.” Today across the country, people traditionally eat all kinds of noodles on that day. In Beijing, everyone eats zha jiang mian, noodles with fried bean sauce. In the Yangtze basin, it's yang chun mian, thin noodles in a simple soup. The hot summer weather might make people a bit impatient during the daytime. Well, the ancestors have given us some good advice, “As long as you keep inner peace, you won't feel the heat too much.” 86. When does Summer Solstice usually begin? __________________________________________________________________________ 87. Where is Summer Solstice celebrated? __________________________________________________________________________ 88. Why do Chinese women exchange gifts like fans and sachets of herbs on the day of Summer Solstice? __________________________________________________________________________ 89. What kind of food do people in China traditionally eat on that day? __________________________________________________________________________ 90. Do you like Summer Solstice? Why or why not? (请自拟作答) __________________________________________________________________________ 八、句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 91. 活到老, 学到老。 (too... to...) __________________________________________________________________________ 92. 作为一名志愿者去工作是很棒的。 (It's adj. to do ...) __________________________________________________________________________ 93. 她习惯于乘飞机往来各地。(get/be used to…) __________________________________________________________________________ 94. 读书给我打开了一个全新的世界。(open up...) __________________________________________________________________________ 95. 我们离开房间时应该记得关灯。(remember to…) __________________________________________________________________________ 九、书面表达(满分20分) 南通市正在创建 “全国文明城市” (national civilized city) , 为配合争创活动, 学校举办以“文明城市, 从我做起”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下列图示写一篇题为“To be a civilized student”应征稿，要求从每个主题范畴中选择或自拟一至两点，读谈如何做文明城市的践行者，并简要说明理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右， 短文开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。 2. 表达中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。 To be a civilized student We are glad that our city is trying to be one of the national civilized cities. As middle school students.___________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Let's work together to be civilized students! 参考答案 二、单项选择 （本题共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 21.B 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.B 26.D 27.A 28.A 29.C 30.C 三、完形填空 （本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 31.C 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.B 36.D 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.D 41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.A 四、阅读理解 （本题共两节） 第一节 （共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分） 46.D 47.B 48.C 49.A 50.B 51.A 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.B 56.D 57.D 58.A 59.B 60.C 第二节 （共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分） 61.D 62.F 63.B 64.C 65.A 五、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分） 66. it / it’s 67. easier 68. like 69. is thrown 70. taught/had taught 71. steps 72. wisely 73. using 74. to improve 75. meaningful 六、短文填空 （本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 76. lose 77. until 78. difference 79. picking 80. discussion 81.spread 82.made 83.simple 84.received 85.explains 七、阅读与回答问题 （本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 86. It begins on June 21st or 22nd. / On June 21st or 22nd. 87. It is celebrated everywhere in the world that the sun shines. / Everywhere in the world that the sun shines. 88. Because they want to express their wish for a comfortable and pleasant summer. / For expressing / To express their wish for a comfortable and pleasant summer. 89. They eat all kinds of noodles. 90....（言之有理即可） 八、句子翻译 （本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 91. You are never too old to learn./It’s never too old to learn./Never too old to learn. 92. It’s fantastic/good/great to work as a volunteer. 93. She is / gets / is getting used to travelling by plane / air. 94. Reading opens up a whole new world to me. 95.We should remember to turn off the lights when leaving / we leave a room. 九、书面表达 （满分20分） 参考范文： To be a civilized student We are glad that our city is trying to be one of the national civilized cities. As middle school students, we are supposed to contribute to building our hometown into a national civilized city. First of all, a beautiful environment ensures our quality of life, so we may take an active part in planting trees. Not only can it make the air fresh, but it also makes our city more and more beautiful. We can also ride bikes, or take the bus instead of driving to cut down the air pollution. Besides, good manners make our city better. We’d better not talk or laugh loudly in public in case of disturbing others. It’s also important to follow traffic rules everywhere in order to keep our city organized. Last but not least, love is the soul of civilization. In our free time, we can also take on some voluntary jobs, such as caring for the elderly or looking after left-behind children. If everyone gives a little kindness, our city will be full of love. Building a civilized city starts with little things. I believe that only if everyone can do our part, Nantong will achieve it. Let’s work together to be civilized students! -1- 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$