Unit 1 Occupations Section Four Grammar in Focus 课件-2024-2025学年中职英语上外版（2022）基础模块第二册

NEWSTART ENGLISH FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 基础模块 2 英 语 上外版 Occupations Unit 1 To do a great job, you must love what you do. Learning Objectives I II Section One Getting Ready III Section Two Listening, Speaking and Pronunciation IV Section Three Reading and Writing V Section Four Grammar in Focus VI Section Five Doing a Project Contents Watch and Say A. Reading Pictures B. Building vocabulary C. Viewing to learn Contents Section One Getting Ready Learning Objectives Listening: Conversation Listening: Short Passage Speaking: Pair Work Speaking: Group Work Pronunciation Contents Section Two Listening, Speaking and Pronunciation Text A and Writing Text B Contents Section Three Reading and Writing Learning Objectives Direct Speech and Indirect Speech, Inversion Digging in Trying out Contents Section Four Grammar in Focus Learning Objectives Project A: Designing a news brief Project B: Making a presentation Contents Section Five Doing Projects talk about job choices and job hunting; explore the spirit of craftsmanship; analyse strengths and weaknesses of CVs; write a passage about dream jobs. In this unit, we are going to Learning Objectives understand the rules for using direct and indirect speech as well as inversion; practise using direct and indirect speech as well as inversion properly; further understand the spirit of craftsmanship. In this part, we are going to Grammar in Focus Section Four Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion Learning Objectives Digging in Trying out 直接引语（Direct Speech）和间接引语（Indirect Speech） 引用或转述别人的话时有两种方法：一种是直接引用原话，把原话放在引号内，这叫做直接引语；另一种是用自己的话转述，被转述的话不用引号，这叫做间接引语。例如： Despite his brave act, Kang said he did not expect to receive the award.（间接引语） “I was just doing my everyday work,” （直接引语） he said, adding he felt proud to be able to help the child. （间接引语） Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion More examples She said, “I like singing. ” She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” She said, “I visited Europe last year.” She said she liked singing. She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before. ◆ ● ● Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 倒装（Inversion） 英语陈述句的基本词序是主语 + 谓语，但有时为了强调、突出某个内容会改变词序，形成倒装句。倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。 完全倒装指谓语置于主语之前。当 in、out、down、up、away、off、here、there 等。置于句首时，往往采用完全倒装。例如： Down poured the rain. Here comes the bus! I opened the door and there stood Tom, all covered in mud. 部分倒装指助动词提到主语之前，主动词仍接在主语之后。部分倒装常见于以下情况： ◆ Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 否定词置于句首时 当 no、not、never、neither、rarely、seldom、hardly、scarcely、few、little、not only … (but also)、no sooner … (than) 等否定词置于句首时，采用部分倒装，例如： Not only must the taste and texture be perfect, but the dim sum must look attractive. Not for a moment did I think I would be offered the job, so I was amazed when I got it. only + 状语置于句首时 当 only+ 介词词组、only+ 副词、only+ 状语从句置于句首时，采用部分倒装。例如： Only then did he realise how stupid he had been. Only after he updated his skills did he manage to get the job done. （1） （2） Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion So 置于句首时 So fast did he run that I could hardly catch up with him. John benefited a lot from the internship, and so did Adam. （3） More examples: Seldom have I been to Beijing. I can’t answer the question, neither can he. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. Only in this way can you master English. He has been to Beijing, so have I. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. ◆ Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 观察表格，当直接引语转为间接引语时，动词时态、人称、词序、时间状语、地点状语等需做什么变化？ 直接引语 间接引语 “How long does it take you to produce one piece of sushi?” “Maybe ten seconds.” When asked how long it takes him to produce one piece of sushi, the chef says maybe it takes ten seconds. He said, “The meeting is closed.” He said that the meeting was closed. “I tried machine translation last week,” she said. She said that she had tried machine translation the week before. “I’ll repair the window this afternoon,” he promised. He promised that he would repair the window that afternoon. 直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词 that 引导宾语从句。从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等相应变化。 Exercise I Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 口诀 说明 直接引语 间接引语 一随主 引号内的第一人称变间接引后与主句主语的人称保持一 致 She said,“ I like Tennis.” She said that she liked tennis. 二随宾 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily, “you must get up early.” He told Lily that she must get up early. 第三人称不变 引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不 变 She said to me, “They want to help him.” She told me that they wanted to help him. 1.人称的变化 Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 2. 时态变化 Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this, these that, those 时间状语 now today this week yesterday last week tomorrow next month then that day that week the day before the week before the next/following day the next/following month 地点状语 here there 方向性动词 come, bring go,take 情态动词 can, may, must Could, might, had to 3.指示代词、状语的变化 Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 完全倒装和部分倒装各自突出什么成分？ 1. There was suddenly a strong wind and away went his hat. 当直接引语转为间接引语时，动词时态、词序、人称需做如下调整： （1）如果引述动词是现在时，动词时态无需变动。如果引述动词是过去时，那么动词时态需作调整：现在时改为过去时，过去时改为过去完成时；将来时改为过去将来时。 （2）视原话中代词指引述者本人还是他人，人称做相应调整。 （3）词序按主语+ 谓语的顺序。 （4）时间状语、地点状语也需做相应变动，例如，指示代词 this，these 改为 that，those；last week 改为 the week before last。 q Exercise II Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 2. Never throughout history has a man who lived a life of ease left a name worth remembering. 完全倒装突出的是被后置的主语，在上述例子中即 his hat。 部分倒装突出的是前置的部分，在上述例子中即 Never throughout history。 q 完全倒装和部分倒装各自突出什么成分？ Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion I have seldom heard such nonsense. We can decide what to do next only then. A little boy stood behind the chair. 1. 2. 3. Exercise I Place the underlined parts at the beginning of the sentences, and make other necessary changes. Seldom have I heard such nonsense. Only then can we decide what to do next. Behind the chair stood a little boy. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion He will accept the of fer by Monday. They barely know how lucky they are. She hardly ever went on holiday. 4. 5. 6. Exercise I Place the underlined parts at the beginning of the sentences, and make other necessary changes. Not until Monday will he accept the offer. Barely do they know how lucky they are. Hardly ever did she go on holiday. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion Exercise II Report to your class what these people say. “I love my job,” Susan says. Sam asked, “What should I do to get an internship?” “Could you tell me a little bit about yourself?” asked the interviewer. 1. 2. 3. Susan says she loves her job. Sam asked what he should do to get an internship. The interviewer asked if I could tell him a little bit about myself. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion Exercise II Report to your class what these people say. The HR manager asked, “Why are you interested in working for our company?” The boss said, “John, I am proud to see the improvement in your work.” 4. 5. The HR manager asked me why I was interested in working for their company. The boss said that he was proud to see the improvement in John’s work. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion Exercise II Report to your class what these people say. “I am a fast learner, and I will do a good job,” said Mr Smith. “Never before have I tried a job like this,” John said. “Only once did I miss the deadline,” Alan said. 6. 7. 8. Mr Smith said that he was a fast learner and that he would do a good job. John said that he had never tried a job like that before. Alan said that he had missed the deadline only once. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion Exercise III 1. Work in groups of three. Talk about your dream jobs. Listen and report what your group members have said to the class. Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 工作不仅仅是我们赚钱谋生之道，更应该是我们追求目标。 她说她总是能从工作中得到幸福感和满足感。 他的父母对自己的工作一直是精益求精，他也是。 这位服装设计师在演讲中讲到：“不管我们做什么工作，我们都要发扬工匠精神。” 1. 2. 3. 4. Extra practice Translate the sentences into English with direct / indirect speech and inversion. Not only is work our way to earn a living, but also our life goal. She said she always gets happiness and satisfaction from work. His parents always strive for perfection in their jobs, so does he. The fashion designer said in his speech, “No matter what we do, we should carry forward the spirit of craftsmanship.” Grammar in Focus Section Four Digging in Trying out Learning Objectives Direct and Indirect Speech & Inversion 感谢您的观看 80 $$