选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS(word教参)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（人教版2019）

主题解读 　　参观标志性景观属于旅游话题，在高考中这一话题非常普遍，尤其是阅读理解A篇和写作中经常出现这一话题。如2020年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解A篇介绍了英国湖区四个景点的概况，旨在介绍英国优秀的旅游资源、人文景观，提高学生的审美情趣，同时拓宽学生的国际视野，培养他们的跨文化意识。 一、单元词汇裂变(同义＋反义＋派生＋联想＋语境) 阅读单词 1． iconic 　　　 adj.符号的；图标的 2．herb n．药草；香草；草本 3．hollow adj.中空的；空心的 4．vibrate vt.& vi.(使)振动 5．horn n．(乐器)号 6．slogan n．标语；口号 7．strait n．海峡 8．monument n．纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹 9．mammal n．哺乳动物 10．equator n．赤道(助记：equal平均的) 11．getaway n．适合度假的地方(助记：get away 离开) 12．phase n．阶段；时期(比较：phrase 惯用法；词组) 多义单词 1．hatch 　 常见义：vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出→生僻义：vt.策划；(尤指)密谋 2．premier ①adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的　②n.总理；首相 3．joint ①n.公共场所　②n.关节　③n.(尤指构成拐角的)接头，接合处，接 点 ④adj.联合的；共同的 4．sponsor ①vt.倡议　②vt.赞助；主办　③n.(法案等的)倡议者　④n.赞助者 核心单词 1．in a straightforward manner　　　 　　　　　以直截了当的方式 2．a spacious grand dining room 一个宽敞的大餐厅 3．have a wide distribution 分布广泛 4．Time flies as an arrow. 光阴似箭。 5．the tourist peak season 旅游旺季 6．temporary measure 临时措施 7．a capacity to keep calm in front of difficulties 在困难面前保持镇定的能力 拓展单词 1．found vt.成立；建立→founder n．创建者；缔造者→foundation n．创建；基础；地基；基金会 2．politics n．政治→political adj.政治的→politician n．政客，政治家 3．locate vt.找出……的位置→located adj.位于→location n．地方；位置 4．free adj.免费的；自由的→freedom n．自由； 不受……影响的状态 5．distribute vt.分布；分配；分发→distribution n．分布；分配；分发 6．license vt.批准；许可n.(＝licence)许可证；执照→licensed adj.得到正式许可的 7．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently adv.常常；频繁地→frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 8．violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力；暴行；激情 9．biology n．生理；生物学→biological adj.生物学的；生物的→biologist n．生物学家 10．capable adj.有能力的；有才干的→capacity n．能力；容量 11．prison n．监狱；监禁；难以脱身的地方→prisoner n．囚犯；犯人　　　 重点短语 1．a flock of　　　　　　 一群(羊或鸟) (近义：a herd/pack of) 2．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 3．be referred to as... 被称为是…… 4．can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 5．be native to 原产于；当地的 6．personally speaking 就个人来说 7．feel at home 舒适，自在 8．major in 主修 9．be unique to 是……独具的/特有的 10．say goodbye to 告别(联想：say hello to向……表示问候) 11．come across 偶然遇到 (同义：meet with；run across；run into) 12．pick up ①捡起　②(无意中)学会　③接收　④(开车)接某人　 ⑤(身体)恢复，好转 13．dive into ①跳水(头朝下)　②迅速将手伸入　③(对活动、问题 等)全心投入，潜心研究 二、单元佳句过关(自我检测，遮挡背诵） 1.Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”．(分词短语作状语) 2.To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.(动词不定式作目的状语) 3.Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) 4．Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. (what引导主语从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under (澳大利亚)”。 2．为了在这片汪洋之上的广阔陆地上生存，土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。 3．他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 4．就我个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。 三、单元词汇融会贯通(背美文，记单词) 　　Australia，located to the south of the equator，is famous for its iconic creatures and grand sites. There are so many delicious open­air barbecues，bakeries，fast­food joints，butcher shops and restaurants which offer some of the premier food experiences in the world. The kangaroo has a wide distribution throughout the country. Baby kangaroos live temporarily in the pouch for a phase of approximately seven or eight months. At licensed zoos，koalas hanging onto tree trunks can be touched for only a little time and on a limited frequency of occasions. Duck­billed platypus, a primitive mammal with a unique biology, will lay eggs in a nest，which can hatch in ten days. It has the capacity to find food in water by using electrical sensors in its bill，which only a small handful of animals in the world can do. The straightforward prime minister sponsors a campaign to protect wild animals' freedom in their natural domain. In a word，Australia is an ideal getaway visited by numerous travelers at peak seasons. Australia's tourism slogan is as follows：There's nothing like Australia. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 澳大利亚位于赤道以南，以其标志性的生物和宏伟遗址而闻名。这里有很多美味的露天烧烤，面包店，快餐店，肉店和餐馆，提供一些世界上最好的食物体验。袋鼠广泛分布在全国各地。小袋鼠会暂时在育儿袋里生活一个阶段，大约七到八个月。在有执照的动物园里，挂在树干上的考拉只能被触摸很短的时间，而且次数频率有限。鸭嘴兽是一种具有独特生物学特性的原始哺乳动物，它会在巢内产卵，之后可以在十天内孵化。它的喙上有一个电子传感器，可以在水中找到食物，而世界上只有少数动物能做到这一点。率直的首相发起了一场保护野生动物在其自然领域所享有的自由的运动。总之，在旅游旺季澳大利亚是众多游客的理想度假胜地。澳大利亚的旅游口号如下：澳大利亚，尽是不同。 限时：15分钟　满分：100分　得分：________ Ⅰ.默写单词(每空0.5分，满分15分) 1．iconic 　 　 　　 adj.符号的；图标的 2．joint n．公共场所；关节；(尤指构成拐角的)接头，接合处，接点 adj.联合的；共同的 3．straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的 4．minister n．部长；大臣；外交使节 5．arrow n．箭；箭头 6．entitle vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利 7．dive vi.& n．潜水；跳水；俯冲 8．sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n．(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 9．sample n．样本；样品 10．temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的 11．trunk n．树干 12．session n．一场；一段时间；会议 13．nest n．巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 14．hatch vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 15．fence n．栅栏；围栏 16．prison n．监狱；监禁 17．grand adj.大；宏大的 18．barbecue n．户外烧烤；烤架 19．premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n．总理；首相 20．herb n．药草；香草；草本 21．hollow adj.中空的；空心的 22．slogan n．标语；口号 23．frog n．蛙；青蛙 24．getaway n．适合度假的地方 25．domain n．领域；领土；范围 26．liberty n．自由 27．strait n．海峡 28．monument n．纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹 29．phase n．阶段；时期 30．mammal n．哺乳动物 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空1.5分，满分15分) 1．a flock of　　　　　　 一群(羊或鸟) 2．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 3．be referred to as... 被称为是…… 4．can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 5．be native to 原产于；当地的 6．personally speaking 就个人来说 7．feel at home 舒适，自在 8．come across 偶然遇到 9．major in 主修 10．be unique to 对……独具的/特有的 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空3分，满分54分) 1．As far as I'm concerned，too much violence on television does serious harm to children's character.What's worse，violence on television makes people behave violently．(violent) 2．I am keen on politics，so I have a good knowledge of political terms.In the future, I desire to be a politician．(politics) 3．He is capable of memorizing fifty English words in five minutes，so he has the capacity to understand the difficult English article.(capable) 4．The books in the library are distributed according to subjects，so you can easily find the book you like based on the distribution(s)．(distribute) 5．Women have gained the freedom to decide whether to marry or not，and they can choose their jobs freely at present.(free) 6．Since my younger brother is fond of biology he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up.(biology) 7．I can certainly tell you the location of the library.It is located in the west of the campus.(locate) 8．The machine broke down with increasing frequency，so we must repair it frequently． (frequent) Ⅳ.默写佳句(第1、2题每小题5分，第3题6分，满分16分) 温馨提示：用衡水体认真书写 1．就我个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。(what引导主语从句) Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. 2．为了在这片汪洋之上的广阔陆地上生存，土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。(动词不定式作目的状语) To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. 3．他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. located adj.位于；处于；坐落于→locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)； 使……坐落(于)→location n．地方；位置 【练习】　写作迁移 鉴于您的上述要求，北京大学是一个极好的选择，它位于我们的首都北京。 ①Given your above­mentioned requirements, Peking University is an excellent choice, located/situated in our capital Beijing．(分词作定语) ②Given your above­mentioned requirements, Peking University is an excellent choice, which is located/situated in our capital Beijing．(定语从句) ·be located in/on/at位于；坐落于 ·be situated in/on/at位于；坐落于 ·lie in位于；在于 【积累】 ·be located in North China位于中国北方 ·at its original location在原来的位置 ·Located on the coast of the East Sea，the town has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200，000.(景点介绍) 这个城镇坐落在东海之滨，有着300多年的历史和20万人口。 freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的adv.免费地vt.使自由；解放；释放 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)祝你一切顺利。如果你还需要更多的帮助，请随时联系我。 Wish you all the best.And feel free to contact me if you need any more help. (2)除了丰富我们的学校生活，冬日远足也把我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。(活动介绍) Besides enriching our school life，the winter hiking also freed us students from the heavy work of study． (3)人们极力主张所有关在笼子中的动物应该被释放。没有笼子，动物们在野外会过更幸福的生活。(动物保护) It is urged that all caged animals should be set free．Free from/of cages，animals can live a happier life in the wild. ·have the freedom of sth/to do sth 有……的自由/有做……的自由 ·be free to do sth自由做某事 set...free 释放……；使……获得自由 be free from/of...不受……影响的；无……的 ·free...from...使摆脱；从……中解脱 【积累】 ·for free/free of charge 免费 ·have the freedom to choose what I like自由选择我喜欢的东西 ·Chatting online, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies. 在网上聊天时，学生们可以更自由地表达自己的感受和观点，甚至可以获得外语学习的帮助。 capable adj.有能力的；有才干的→capacity n．能力；容量 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。(capacity，申请信) I have the capacity to perfectly organize the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city. (2)最重要的是，我能告诉其他国家的学生有关中国的信息，也能了解他们的国家。(capable，申请信) What matters most is that I'll be capable of telling students from other countries about China and learning about their countries as well. ·have the capacity to do...有做……的能力 ·be capable of...能够…… 【积累】 ·improve the capacity of judgement提高判断能力 ·see what you are capable of了解你能做什么 ·It's such a golden opportunity to enhance students' English capability and appreciate the charm of the English language.(申请信) 这是提高学生英语能力、欣赏英语语言魅力的绝佳机会。 distribution n．分发；分配；分布→distribute vt.分配；分布 【练习】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)I have been told that our donated books will be distributed (distribute) to each student as soon as possible. (2)The rescuers distributed the supplies to the people affected by the flood event，but some people were not satisfied with the distribution (distribute). (3)当琼斯女士正在给孩子们分发糖果时，一个男孩突然哭了起来。 Ms Jones was distributing the sweets to/among the children when a boy burst out crying. distribute sth to...把某物分给…… distribute sth among...在……中分配/分发 【积累】 ·distribute food and blankets to the earthquake victims 向地震受害者分发食物和毯子 ·the distribution of this species 该物种的分布情况 ·Through exercising, we can reasonably distribute our time of study and rest, as a result of which we are able to maintain an energetic state. 通过锻炼，我们可以合理地分配学习和休息的时间，因此我们能够保持能量充沛的状态。 pick up 拾起；捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；接收；好转 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)我和同学们决定帮助农民摘苹果，体验他们的艰辛劳动。(活动介绍) My classmates and I decided to help the farmers pick up apples, experiencing their hard work. (2)她还没来得及问问题，他们的父亲就出现了。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Before she could ask any questions，their father turned up． (3)海洋在全球生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色，成立该组织是为了提高人们保护海洋的意识。(2022·全国甲卷) The organization was set up to raise people's awareness of protecting the oceans which play a crucial part in global ecosystem. build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质 take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据 make up 虚构；弥补；组成 break up 关系破裂；分手；放假 turn up开大；出现 set up设立；建立 【积累】 Taking an active part in sports is of great help to build up our body and enrich our school life.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷满分作文) 积极参加体育锻炼有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。 句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句 (教材原句)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. 他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 【练习】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)I have actively attended English lectures，from which I have a good knowledge of British and American cultures. (2)There are several teachers standing at the school gate，one of whom is my English teacher. (3)The activity raises our awareness of caring about nature.Its aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection. ①The activity，the aim of which is to draw our attention to environmental protection，raises our awareness of caring about nature.(介词＋关系代词) ②The activity，whose aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection，raises our awareness of caring about nature.(whose) 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。 【积累】 Last Sunday the Labor Day was held，of which the purpose is to raise our awareness of the importance of labor.(新闻报道) 上周日举行了劳动节，其目的是提高我们对劳动的重要性的认识。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．Located (locate) in the south of China，Guangzhou is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country. 2．I can speak fluent English so that I can communicate with others freely (free). 3．With a capacity (capable) to speak English fluently，I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors. 4．The unfair distribution (distribute) of wealth has become a serious problem. 5．The exhibition sponsored (sponsor) by several famous companies turned out to be a great success. 6．The book，entitled (entitle) Read Poetry and Learn History by Wang Chunyong，is suitable for the foreigners to learn classical Chinese poetry. 7．While searching the house they discovered an unlicensed shotgun and a licensed (license) rifle. 8．People working in offices are usually referred to as “white­collar workers”． 9．As you know, it is a creature native to Central and South America. 10．When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．根据语境选出joint的词性及含义 ①Ever since the injury，the joints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather.__B__ ②They were joint owners of the house.__A__ ③Something must have been wrong.Let's check the joint between the inner and outer panels.__C__ 2．根据语境选出pick up的汉语意思 ①With proper measures, the economy in China is beginning to pick up.__C__ ②There is no need to worry.I have arranged for my cousin to pick you up at the airport.__B__ ③Children, when exposed to an English­speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.__A__ ④I have formed the habit of picking up the BBC programmes every day.__D__ 3．猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 ①Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude toward competition.adj.坦率的 ②She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.n.基金会 ③Two water tanks provide a total capacity of 400 litres.n.容量 ④He dived into his schoolbag and took out a couple of magazines.迅速将手伸入 (一)应用文写作 [报道——参观长城] 假定你是李华，上周日你们学校组织了一次参观长城的活动。请你写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．活动过程。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①上周日，我们学校组织了一次参观长城的活动，目的是帮助在我们学校的外国学生欣赏中国美丽的风景。(with the aim of) Last Sunday our school organized a visit to the Great Wall，with the aim of helping the foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China. ②当我们坐校车到达那里的那一刻，我们迫不及待地爬上去。(the moment引导从句) The moment we got there by school bus，we couldn't wait to climb it. ③看到这个壮观的奇迹，外国学生不禁对中国古代人民的建造能力赞不绝口。(分词短语作状语) Seeing this fantastic wonder，the foreign students couldn't help speaking highly of the construction capacity of ancient Chinese people. ④导游给我们讲了一些我们感兴趣的关于长城的故事。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) The tour guide told us a handful of stories about the Great Wall，in which we were interested. ⑤虽然花了大约三个小时到达最高的部分，我们都很高兴。 Though we spent about three hours getting to the highest section，we were all in high spirits. ⑥显然，宏伟的建筑给外国学生留下了深刻的印象，我为中国人民的伟大智慧感到骄傲。 It was obvious that the grand construction left a deep impression on the foreign students and I feel proud of the great wisdom of Chinese people. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 Last Sunday our school organized a visit to the Great Wall，with the aim of helping the foreign students in our school admire the beautiful scenery in China. The moment we got there by school bus，we couldn't wait to climb it.Seeing this fantastic wonder，the foreign students couldn't help speaking highly of the construction capacity of ancient Chinese people.Meanwhile, the tour guide told us a handful of stories about the Great Wall，in which we were interested.Though we spent about three hours getting to the highest section，we were all in high spirits. It was obvious that the grand construction left a deep impression on the foreign students and I feel proud of the great wisdom of Chinese people. (二)读后续写 [动作与神情描写5——各种“哭”] 形容词 ①misty 泪眼模糊的　②watery 充满泪水的　③tearful/teary 含泪的 动词 ①sob 啜泣　②weep 哭泣，流泪　③cry 哭泣 词块 ①cry bitterly 伤心地哭　②burst out crying/burst into tears 大哭　③cry one's eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕　④have a lump in one's throat 哽咽　⑤hold/fight back tears 抑制住泪水　⑥be close to tears 快哭了　⑦be filled with/be full of tears/be flooded with tears 热泪盈眶　⑧be wet with tears/be in tears 泪流满面　⑨tears well up in one's eyes 热泪盈眶　⑩be brimmed/blurred with tears 泪眼模糊　⑪tears roll/run/stream down one's cheeks 泪水滑落脸颊 续写场景训练——卖曲奇饼干 1．看到曲奇饼干，他泪眼模糊。 When he saw the cookies, his eyes grew misty．(简单句) 2．他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother, standing at the door, cried tears of joy to see the scene．(简单句) 3．她紧紧地抱住孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。 She hugged her child tightly, her eyes flooded with/full of tears of gratitude．(独立主格) 4．看到曲奇饼干都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。 Seeing all the cookies sold out, he was too choked with emotion to speak．(too...to) 5．因为自己的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。 His eyes were filled with tears as his hard­work paid off. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$