Unit7 Natural Disasters（A卷·知识梳理卷）-【中职专用】2024-2025学年高二英语同步单元测试AB卷（高教版2023修订版·基础模块3）

保密★启用前 Unit 7 Natural Disasters A卷•考点梳理卷 Unit 7 Natural Disasters 话题 Express attitudes to disasters；express points of view 词汇 strike，frequently force .pollute.cancel .damage .protect .prevent .smog loose soil,promote .urban .volcano .discussion .blow .tie .vehicle .global . sustainable .realize .definitely 短语 heat waves .make a change .acid rain.electric car , force sb . to do sth . prevent from .protect... from....,too much ,decide to do sth ．, agree with , pay attention to ,； be enough to do ,too … to do ,; as well as ,lead to 句式 1.I thought you were going to Thailand this morning. 2.My flight is delayed due to the floods. 3.It seems there have been more floods these years than before. 4.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life. 5.It’s lucky that people have decided to make a change. 6. It’s what we should do right now. 7.I agree with you. 8.If more people work together, it’ll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 9.It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand. 语法 名词性从句-主语从句和表语从句 能力 能够用英语表达自己对环境保护的积极态度。 单元词汇 typhoon /taɪ'fu:n/ n. 台风 drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱 flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；水灾 sandstorm /'sændstɔ:m/ n. 沙尘暴 strike /straɪk/ v. 侵袭；撞击 frequently /'fri:kwəntli/ adv. 频繁地 force /fɔ:s/ n. 力量 pollute /pə'lu:t/ v. 污染 cancel /'kænsl/ v. 取消；撤销 damage /'dæmɪdʒ/ n. 损坏；伤害 protect /prə'tekt/ v. 保护 prevent /prɪ'vent/ v. 防止；阳止 smog /smɒg/ n. 雾霾 loose /lu:s/ adj. 松的；不牢固的 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土地；土壤 promote /prə'məʊt/ v. 促进；提升 urban /'ɜːbən/ adj. 城市的 volcano /vɔl'keɪnəʊ/ n. 火山 discussion /dɪs'kʌʃn/ n. 讨论 blow /bləʊ/ v. (风)吹 tie /taɪ/ v. 将……联结 vehicle /'vi:əkl/ n. 车辆；交通工具 global /'gləʊbl/ adj. 全球的 sustainable /sə'steɪnəbl/ adj.可持续的 realize /'rɪəlaɪz/ v. 认识到 definitely /'defɪnətli/ adv. 确定地 heat waves 热浪 make a change 作出改变 acid rain 酸雨 electric car 电动汽车 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单元词汇检测（汉译英） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.台风 2.干旱 3.洪水；水灾 4.沙尘暴 5.侵袭；撞击 6.频繁地 7.力量 8.污染 9.取消；撤销 10.损坏；伤害 11.保护 12.防止；阳止 13.雾霾 14.松的；不牢固的 15.土地；土壤 16.促进；提升 17.城市的 18.火山 19.讨论 20.(风)吹 21.将……联结 22.车辆；交通工具 23.全球的 24.可持续的 25.认识到 26.确定地 27.热浪 28.作出改变 29.酸雨 30.电动汽车 单元词汇检测（英译汉） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.typhoon 2.drought 3.flood 4.sandstorm 5.strike 6.frequently 7.force 8.pollute 9.cancel 10.damage 11.protect 12.prevent 13.smog 14.loose 15.soil 16.promote 17.urban 18.volcano 19.discussion 20.blow 21.tie 22.vehicle 23.global 24.sustainable 25.realize 26.definitely 27.heat waves 28.make a change 29.acid rain 30.electric car 重点单词 词汇拓展 strike v. 侵袭；撞击 过去式: struck 过去分词: struck/stricken 现在分词: striking 第三人称单数: strikes strike back : 回击； strike in : 插嘴； Typhoons and floods strike more frequently and with greater force than before.台风和洪水的袭击比以前更频繁，力量也更大。 frequently adv. 频繁地； frequent　adj. 频繁的；经常的 vt. 常到；常去 force n. 力量，军队； v. 迫使；强迫；强制； come into force 开始生效 =take effect put into force 生效,开始执行 force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 pollute v. 污染，弄脏 pollution n. 污染；污染物 pollute sth with sth 污染,毁坏 pollute the environment 污染环境 cancel v. 取消；撤销 cancel out (使)平衡或抵消 The match had to be cancelled due to the bad weather. 比赛因天气不好只得取消。 damage n.损坏，伤害 vt. 损害；毁坏 These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life. 这些自然灾害对我们的生活造成了极大的破坏。 protect v. 保护，守护， protection　n. 保护；防卫 protect sb/sth against〔from〕 sb/sth 保护,保卫 You should protect the children from the cold. 你们应该保护孩子不让其受冻。 promote v. 促进；提升， Promotion n.提升 We are promoting the use of green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. 我们正在推广使用绿色能源，种植更多的树木，从而尝试阻止全球变暖。 urban adj. 城市的 urban areas 市区 rural areas 乡村地区 discussion n. 讨论 discuss v. 讨论；论述；商量 discussion about〔on, of〕 对某事进行的讨论 have a discussion 进行讨论 hold a discussion 进行讨论 blow v. （风）吹 现在分词 blowing 过去式 blew 过去分词 blown blow away 吹走；驱散 blow down 炸毁；吹倒 blow over 平息；被淡忘；消散；停止 tie v. 将……联结，捆绑； n. 绳；领带； tie sb/sth to sth 使被…束缚; 联系 tie together (使)捆在一起; (使)联系在一起 vehicle n. 车辆；交通工具 motor vehicle 汽车；机动车辆 electric vehicle 电动车辆 global adj. 全球的，总的；球状的 globe　n. 地球；地球仪；球体；世界 global village 地球村 global warming 全球气候变暖... global event 全球运动 sustainable adj. 可持续的 sustainable development 可持续发展 sustainable growth 持续增长 realize v. 认识到，实现；了解；意识到； realize aim 实现目标 realize danger 意识到危险 realize error 认识到错误 重点短语 1. force sb . to do sth .强迫某人做某事； 2.prevent from 阻止； 3.protect from 保护： 4.make a change 做出改变 5.too much 太多； 6.decide to do sth ．决定去做某事； 7.agree with 同意； 8.pay attention to 注意； 9.be enough to do 足够……; 10.too … to do 太……而不能……; 11.as well as 同……一样； 12.lead to 通向，导致 13.heat waves 热浪 14.acid rain.酸雨 15.electric car 电车 单元语法：主语从句与表语从句 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句，充当表语成分的句子叫作表 语从句，它们都属于名词性从句。如： That my flight was delayed by the sandstorm was known to my family. 我的航班因沙尘暴而延误，(这件事)我的家人都知道了。(主语从句) What we cando is to plant more trees in our city.我们能做的就是在城市里种更多的树。(主语从句) The question is whether the sandstorm will affect our life.问题是沙尘暴是否会影响我们的生活。(表语从句) The fact is that we are now facing more and more natural disasters.事实是，我们现在正面临越来越多的自然灾害。(表语从句) 一、主语从句用法 1.主语从句的连接词 分类 连接词 说明 例句 从属连词 that 只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略 That the price will go up is certain. 价 格会上调，这是肯定的。 whether 意为“是否”,放在 句首和句末均可，不 可用if代替 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. (它)对我们是否有害还有待观察。 连接代词 who、what、 which、 whatever、 whichever、 whoever等 在句子中充当主语成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 What caused the sandstorm has been made clear to the public. 引起沙尘暴的原因已为公众所知。 Whoever is responsible for air pollution should be punished. 任何对空气污染需要负责的人都应该受到 惩罚。 连接副词 when、 where、how、 why等 在从句中充当状语等成分，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 它是如何发生的不为人知。 When the measures can be taken will be told soon. 什么时候可以采取措施将很快被告知。 2.主语从句后置 为了避免句子中主语过长，显得头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，把真正的 主语放在句子后部。用it作形式主语有以下几类： 分类 例句 It + be+形容词+ that从句 It is lucky that people have decided to make a change. 幸运的是，人们已经决定做出改变。 It is obvious that the blue sky and sunny days appear more often in Chengdu. 很明显，蓝天和晴天在成都出现的次数比以前更多 It + be +名词+ that从句 It is a good thing that people have realized the importance of environmental protection. 人们已经意识到环境保护的重要性，这是一件好事。 It was a pity that floods have caused great damage to our life these years. 很遗憾，这些年洪水给我们的生活造成了很大的损害。 It + be +过去分词+ that从句 It is said that electric cars will become more popular among people. 据说电动汽车将会越来越受人们的欢迎。 It is reported that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds over loose soil or sand. 据报道，沙尘暴是由强风吹过疏松的土壤或沙子自然形成的。 It +不及物动词或短语+ that从句 It seems that there have been more and more floods these years. 这些年来似乎有越来越多的洪水。 It turned out that we have found ways to prevent floods and typhoons. 结果证明我们已经找到了预防洪水和台风的方法。 二、表语从句的用法 分类 连接词 说明 例句 从属连词 that、whether that在表语从句中不充当任何成分，本身无实际意义，但不能省略 The problem is that people sometimes harm the environment. 问题是人们有时会对环境造成危害。 连接代词 who、what、 which等 在句子中充当表语成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序 That's what we should work for and help reduce pollution. 这就是我们为之而努力的，我们 应该帮助(自然)减少污染。 连接副词 when、where、 how、why 等 在从句中充当状语等成分，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 The most important thing is how we can have more people join us. 最重要的是如何让更多的人加入我们。 对点训练 1．It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted. A．who B．that who C．whoever D．that whoever 2．It doesn’t matter ________you succeed or fail. Just try your best. A．whether B．how C．what D．why 3．— David didn’t finish the task on time. — ________ he looks so sad. A．He thinks B．Not matter C．No wonder D．I wonder 4．__________ comes in must keep quiet. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Whoever 5．She wondered _________ help might come and _________ she could do was to keep calm. A．how soon; that B．how long; what C．how soon; what D．how long; that 6．All the countries have agreed ________ wears the Red Cross must never be attacked. A．that whoever B．that C．that no matter who D．if no matter who 7．Uncle Wang's home is far away from the factory.  ________he gets up early every day. A．That's because B．That's why C．That's when D．That's what 8．Tina’s dream is to be an excellent doctor. That’s ________ she is working as ________ as she can. A．because; hardly B．why; hard C．because; hard D．why; hardly 9．The reason________ he didn’t come was__________ he was ill. A．why； that B．that； why C．for that； that D．for which； what 10．That is ________ your experience ________ your characteristics. A．what; influences B．how; influences C．why; influence D．how; influence 11．I didn’t take my raincoat or umbrella. ________ I got wet through. A．It’s because B．That’s why C．There’s why D．It’s so 12．Timber Wolves are no longer ________ they used to be. A．how B．that C．what D．which 13．My mother can't go to work today. That is ________ she is seriously ill. A．how B．why C．because D．what 14．Lucy is an interesting girl. That’s they all like her. A．when B．what C．why D．where 15．Unluckily, most of the students are ill because of catching a cold. That is ________ I put off the class meeting. A．why B．when C．what D．where 16．It has been proved ______ he is a smart boy. A．who B．what C．that D．which 17．What most is that he told a lie instead of the truth. A．proves B．forces C．matters D．admires 18．The app “MAYI” encourages people to give away the clothes ________ they don’t need to the poor. A．what B．whom C．who D．that 19．The unforgettable experience ________ we had in the summer camp makes us grow up. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 20．—What kind of movies do you like best, Jane? —The movies ________ make me think a lot. A．who B．what C．that D．whose 情景对话：能够用英语表达自己对环境保护的积极态度。教材原文 Lin Yang: Hi, Sarah. Why're you in the office? I thought you were on a business trip to Shanghai. Sarah Smith: Oh, my flight was canceled due to the typhoon. Other public transportation like trains and ships has also been canceled or delayed. Lin Yang: That's terrible. It seems there have been more natural disasters these years. Sarah Smith: Yes. Over the past few years, floods, droughts and heat waves have caused serious damage to the world. Lin Yang: Also typhoons and floods strike more frequently and with greater force than before. Sarah Smith: That's certainly true. And some of them are caused by human activities. Lin Yang: Yes. We've cut too many trees and badly polluted the environment. Sarah Smith: Well, it's lucky that people have decided to make a change. Lin Yang: Yeah, it's what we should do right now. And the most importantthing is how we can have more people join us. Sarah Smith: I agree with you. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 重点句子 1. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护我们的地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 2. Experts tie the problem torapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木，也是由人类活动造成的。 3. Today we are growing too fast to rememberthe importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. 如今，我们发展得太快，以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重 要性。 4. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. 幸运的是，人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性，情况也正在 好转。 对点训练 补全对话 根据对话情景选择合适的选项补全对话。有两项多余。 A: Hi, Jane. Would you like to help save the environment? B: I’d like to. 21 A: Well, first, you can start by turning off the lights when you leave a room. B: Yes. That’s easy. 22 What’s next? A: Second, you can ride a bicycle. Don’t take a bus or a taxi if you don’t have to. B: 23 What else? A: Third, try to recycle paper. B: Mmm. Newspapers, magazines…we have a lot of paper at home. Good idea. A: The fourth idea is to turn off the shower when you’re not using it. B: 24 A: Yes. Get wet, turn off the shower, put the shampoo (洗发剂) in your hair and then turn on the shower and wash it out. B: Yes, 25 We have to save water. A．I can do it. B．I think water is very important to us. C．You mean when I have shampoo in my hair? D．But what can I do? E．That will save a lot of money, too. F．Take a bag when you go shopping. G．Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking. A: Where have you been, Mike? I phoned you, but you weren’t in. B: 26 A: Why did you go there? B: 27 It has made several old people who live nearby sick. A: 28 B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something? A: 29 I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. B: 30 It’s our duty to protect the environment. A．I’ve been to a farm. B．Good idea! C．I’ve been to a rubber（橡胶） factory. D．Because I found the factory pouring waste water into the river. E．That’s terrible. F．What should we do to stop it? G．Yes, of course. 读一读，记一记。 · That our environment is badly polluted by human activities is known to all. 我们的环境被人类活动严重污染，这是众所周知的。 · That is what we should do to deal with natural disasters. 这就是我们应对自然灾害应该做的事情。 · Why there are more natural disasters is now being discussed heatedly. 为什么有更多的自然灾害正在被热烈地讨论。 · It was a pity that droughts had caused great damage to some areas these years. 很遗憾，这些年来干旱给一些地区造成了很大的破坏。 · It is lucky that people have decided tomake a change. 幸运的是，人们已经决定做出改变。 · It will be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe place to live in. 我们将有可能保护我们的地球，使它成为一个安全的居所。 重点句子（英译汉） 1. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 2. Experts tie the problem torapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 3. Today we are growing too fast to rememberthe importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. 4. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. 句型整理 1. My flight is delayed due to the floods ．我的航班因为水灾取消了。 1）delay 延迟、推迟，在句中作谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态； without delay毫不耽搁 ; 立即 ; Flight Delay班机延误 delay doing sth 延迟做某事， Do it without (any) delay! 马上做， 不得延误! Don't delay too long. 别拖太长时间。 2）due to 由于，因为：表示某事发生的原因或原因结果关系。to 是介词 Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damages caused by human activities. 许多自然灾害是由于人类活动造成的环境破坏。 词义辨析 thanks to, because of, due to “由于”， thanks to 突出一种感激之情，含“多亏”意味。 Thanks to your help，we can finish the task in time。 because of 着重某种原因的理由，在句中通常作状语。应用最广，也更口语化。 Because of his wife’s being there,I said nothing about it. 因为他妻子在场，我对此事只字未提。 due to 用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中多作表语，有时作状语。 做状语时一般不置于句首，也可以做表语和定语。 Your failure is due to negligence.你的失败是由于疏忽所造成的。 2.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life . 这些自然灾害给我们的生活造成了的很大损失。 cause damage to …对…造成损坏，带来损害。 cause great damage to 给......造成了很大的损失 The storm caused great damage to the crops. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。 are caused by human activities是由人类活动导致的 3.It ' s lucky that people have decided to make a change .幸运的是，人类决定作出改变。 It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as the environmental protection , and things are getting better ．幸运的是，人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性，情况也正在好转。 1） It ' s lucky that …幸运的是…… that 引导主语从句，it是形式主语。it’s lucky that 做某事是幸运的 2）make a change 进行改变，做出改变 we should make some changes to the environment, and the number of such disasters is sure to reduce. 3）" as well as "意为"和……一样"。 3.It is what we should do right now . 我们现在的确应该行动起来。 " It ' s what we should do right now "是由" what "关系代词所引导的表语从句； what we should do 我们所应该做的事，我们所应该做的 4.And the most important thing is how we can have more people join us . 而且，最重要的是如何才能让更多的人加入我们。 1）how we can have more people join us "是由" how "连接副词所引导的表语从句。 2）join us 加入我们，联系我们 join in 参加 join up 联合起来 ; 联结起来 5. If more people work together , it ' ll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in ． 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护我们的地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 1） it is possible to do sth 有可能做……, 2） it is possible for sb to do sth 对某人而言有可能做……。 3）If more people work together， if引导 条件状语从句，“主将从现” 6.I thought you were going to Thailand this morning. 我意为你今天上午去泰国了。 7. It seems there have been more floods these years than before. 这些年水灾似乎比以前发生得更多了。 It seems (that )意思是 “看起来好像”，例如： It seems that he is not quite himself today. 他今天好像不怎么舒服。 也可以写成 He seems to be not quite himself today. 8.I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 辨析： agree with ，agree to ，agree on agree with + 人：同意某人的话 I　won't agree with you. 也可加“意见，观点”，但是不承担后面的具体动作。 如： I　agree with what he said. I　agree with you in thinking that the plan is unpractical. 我同意你的看法：这个计划不实际。 这里的“我”都与后面的动作/事无关。 另外，agree with还可以表示符合，适合： Spicy food does not agree with me. 辛辣食物不合我的胃口。（吃了不舒服。） His words do not agree with his action.他的言行不一致。 agree to + 动词：同意做... I agree to tell him the truth. He has agreed to come. 加意见看法时，暗指同意并且会承担后面的动作： We agreed to the new plan. 我们同意这个新计划。（而且我们还要实施这个计划。） agree on + n. 对...意见一致。 We agree on this count. 在这一点上,我们的意见一致。 9. It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand .众所周知，沙尘暴是由强风吹过松散的土壤或沙子引起的自然现象。 1） it is known that …众所周知"， 同类句子还有 it is said / believed/reported/thought that …; 2)blowing over 在此句中为动名词，而非现在分词作定语。 10. Experts tie the problem to the rapid urban development , and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities . 专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木，也是由人类活动造成的。 " cutting down trees "为动名词短语作主语，" which "所引导定语从句修饰" reason "。 11. Today we are growing too fast to remember the importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world .如今，我们发展得太快，以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重要性。 " too … to …"意为"太……而没有……"，表示否定。 I am too tiered to say a word。 我累的一句话都不想说了。 The bag is too heavy for her to carry it。这个袋子太重了她拿不动。 12. People are advised to use electric cars and public transportation. 建议人们使用电动汽车和公共交通工具。（典型的被动语态） Be advised to do sth 被建议做某事 Advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 Advise doing sth 建议做某事 13.We are promoting the use of green energy , planting more trees and trying to stop global warming . 我们正在推广使用绿色能源，种植更多的树木，从而尝试阻止全球变暖。（现在进行时） " promoting "" planting "和" trying "在句中和 be 动词一起作谓语。 14.There are more and more discussions on natural disasters in recent years. 近年来，关于自然灾害的讨论越来越多。 15.Experts tie the problem to the rapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 专家将这个问题与城市的快速发展联系起来，而砍伐树木是另一个主要由人类活动造成的原因。 16.Global concern about natural disasters is probably at an all-time high. 全球对自然灾害的关注可能达到了空前的高度 17.One area that needs to change is transportation. 需要改变的一个领域是交通。 that needs to change是One area的定语从句。 对点训练 完形填空 There are many kinds of pollution around us, 31 air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad 32 our health in many ways. Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. It can cause sore eyes and 33 problems. With the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish in the land. Farmers use too many 34 in the fields. They destroy the soil. So soil pollution has become serious. Noise pollution can make people 35 . For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a 36 place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure 37 . Working for a long time in strong, changeable light 38 cause some kinds of illnesses. It makes people feel 39 and is especially bad for the eyes. With 40 pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. Let’s be greener 31．A．such as B．for example C．because of D．as well as 32．A．to B．in C．for D．at 33．A．breaths B．breathe C．breathed D．breathing 34．A．chemical B．chemicals C．chemistry D．chemistries 35．A．blind B．lame C．black D．deaf 36．A．noise B．noisy C．noisily D．deaf 37．A．as well B．as well as C．either D．also 38．A．must B．should C．may D．need 39．A．terrible B．comfortable C．terribly D．comfortably 40．A．little B．a little C．less D．fewer 阅读理解 When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 41．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 42．Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A．Animals like eating plastic things. B．Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C．Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D．Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 43．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 44．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D．Throw away the single-use plastic. 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．Plastic, dangerous or useful B．Turn the waste into money C．Buy what you really need D．Different uses of plastic June 5 is World Environment Day. Nowadays more and more people are trying different kinds of ways to face environmental problems around the world. What are people doing to protect our home—the earth? Most people are changing their shopping habits. On the one hand, secondhand clothes may be a smart choice. People are willing to buy the secondhand ones to wear in special situations because they only wear them once or twice. On the other hand, there are some companies for renting (租) clothes and renting clothes is cheaper than buying them. So people are able to save money and protect the environment. Several large companies have begun developing paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones because there are lots of customers worrying about the environment. They think paper bottles have many advantages. The most important is that paper bottles are easy to recycle and weigh less than glass or plastic ones as well. A zero-waste life is that people hardly create any rubbish. A zero-waste theme store provides a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products. The store helps people start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey. A zero-waste life follows the 6R principle (原则) —Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. All in all, the earth is our home and it’s our duty to protect it. 根据文章内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。 46．Few people around the world are trying different kinds of ways to face the environmental problems. 47．In order to save money and protect the environment, people can not only buy secondhand clothes but also rent clothes. 48．Large companies have developed paper bottles successfully and put them into use. 49．People can buy many everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste things in every store. 50．You are playing a part in protecting our earth while following the 6R principle. 任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。 If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green. ·Avoid food waste Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need. ·Use reusable bottles Earth Day is a great time for you to drink from reusable water bottles when you’re out and about. You should form good water-saving habits around the house, too. ·Try more plant-based meals Try to eat less meat. It’s a surprisingly simple way we can all use to help save the planet. Try with one day a week to get you start, and then expand to more days when possible. ·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调） Whenever you can, go green and open the window for some natural air. If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature. ·Wise up to（意识到）recycling You don’t need us to tell you how important it is to reduce, reuse and recycle. Becoming a less “throw away” society is a great message to pass on. Don’t throw away perfectly good things just because you are sick of them, or no longer use them. Instead, give them to others or list them on a free collection site online. ·Know more about nature There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment. 51．How many ways of going green are there in the text? 52．According to the writer, what can we do to avoid food waste? 53．To save energy, what is the right way to use the air conditioner? 54．Do you think it is necessary for us to get ourselves outdoors and into nature? Why? 55．Why did the writer write this text? 56．According to the text, how green are you in your daily life? 选词填空 star, still, good, rest, up, how, pollution, stop, small, see, towards Look up at the sky at night. What can you see? Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is called light 57 . Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 58 ! Most of the time, light helps us. We can 59 because of it. It gives plants energy. But light isn’t always 60 . We need times of dark 61 . One hundred years ago, we had those times of dark. Now the night is like day. Some scientists are worried about 62 this light effects（影响）our health. These scientists are studying the effects of light pollution. Other scientists are finding ways to 63 light pollution and make our lives better. For example, many street lights now have covers. The covers focus the light 64 the ground. They stop the light from going 65 into the sky. They also save energy. The covers are a 66 change, but they can 67 have a positive（正面的）effect. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 保密★启用前 Unit 7 Natural Disasters A卷•考点梳理卷 Unit 7 Natural Disasters 话题 Express attitudes to disasters；express points of view 词汇 strike，frequently force .pollute.cancel .damage .protect .prevent .smog loose soil,promote .urban .volcano .discussion .blow .tie .vehicle .global . sustainable .realize .definitely 短语 heat waves .make a change .acid rain.electric car , force sb . to do sth . prevent from .protect... from....,too much ,decide to do sth ．, agree with , pay attention to ,； be enough to do ,too … to do ,; as well as ,lead to 句式 1.I thought you were going to Thailand this morning. 2.My flight is delayed due to the floods. 3.It seems there have been more floods these years than before. 4.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life. 5.It’s lucky that people have decided to make a change. 6. It’s what we should do right now. 7.I agree with you. 8.If more people work together, it’ll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 9.It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand. 语法 名词性从句-主语从句和表语从句 能力 能够用英语表达自己对环境保护的积极态度。 单元词汇 typhoon /taɪ'fu:n/ n. 台风 drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱 flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；水灾 sandstorm /'sændstɔ:m/ n. 沙尘暴 strike /straɪk/ v. 侵袭；撞击 frequently /'fri:kwəntli/ adv. 频繁地 force /fɔ:s/ n. 力量 pollute /pə'lu:t/ v. 污染 cancel /'kænsl/ v. 取消；撤销 damage /'dæmɪdʒ/ n. 损坏；伤害 protect /prə'tekt/ v. 保护 prevent /prɪ'vent/ v. 防止；阳止 smog /smɒg/ n. 雾霾 loose /lu:s/ adj. 松的；不牢固的 soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土地；土壤 promote /prə'məʊt/ v. 促进；提升 urban /'ɜːbən/ adj. 城市的 volcano /vɔl'keɪnəʊ/ n. 火山 discussion /dɪs'kʌʃn/ n. 讨论 blow /bləʊ/ v. (风)吹 tie /taɪ/ v. 将……联结 vehicle /'vi:əkl/ n. 车辆；交通工具 global /'gləʊbl/ adj. 全球的 sustainable /sə'steɪnəbl/ adj.可持续的 realize /'rɪəlaɪz/ v. 认识到 definitely /'defɪnətli/ adv. 确定地 heat waves 热浪 make a change 作出改变 acid rain 酸雨 electric car 电动汽车 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单元词汇检测（汉译英） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.台风 2.干旱 3.洪水；水灾 4.沙尘暴 5.侵袭；撞击 6.频繁地 7.力量 8.污染 9.取消；撤销 10.损坏；伤害 11.保护 12.防止；阳止 13.雾霾 14.松的；不牢固的 15.土地；土壤 16.促进；提升 17.城市的 18.火山 19.讨论 20.(风)吹 21.将……联结 22.车辆；交通工具 23.全球的 24.可持续的 25.认识到 26.确定地 27.热浪 28.作出改变 29.酸雨 30.电动汽车 【答案】 1.typhoon 2.drought 3.flood 4.sandstorm 5.strike 6.frequently 7.force 8.pollute 9.cancel 10.damage 11.protect 12.prevent 13.smog 14.loose 15.soil 16.promote 17.urban 18.volcano 19.discussion 20.blow 21.tie 22.vehicle 23.global 24.sustainable 25.realize 26.definitely 27.heat waves 28.make a change 29.acid rain 30.electric car 单元词汇检测（英译汉） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.typhoon 2.drought 3.flood 4.sandstorm 5.strike 6.frequently 7.force 8.pollute 9.cancel 10.damage 11.protect 12.prevent 13.smog 14.loose 15.soil 16.promote 17.urban 18.volcano 19.discussion 20.blow 21.tie 22.vehicle 23.global 24.sustainable 25.realize 26.definitely 27.heat waves 28.make a change 29.acid rain 30.electric car 【答案】 1.台风 2.干旱 3.洪水；水灾 4.沙尘暴 5.侵袭；撞击 6.频繁地 7.力量 8.污染 9.取消；撤销 10.损坏；伤害 11.保护 12.防止；阳止 13.雾霾 14.松的；不牢固的 15.土地；土壤 16.促进；提升 17.城市的 18.火山 19.讨论 20.(风)吹 21.将……联结 22.车辆；交通工具 23.全球的 24.可持续的 25.认识到 26.确定地 27.热浪 28.作出改变 29.酸雨 30.电动汽车 重点单词 词汇拓展 strike v. 侵袭；撞击 过去式: struck 过去分词: struck/stricken 现在分词: striking 第三人称单数: strikes strike back : 回击； strike in : 插嘴； Typhoons and floods strike more frequently and with greater force than before.台风和洪水的袭击比以前更频繁，力量也更大。 frequently adv. 频繁地； frequent　adj. 频繁的；经常的 vt. 常到；常去 force n. 力量，军队； v. 迫使；强迫；强制； come into force 开始生效 =take effect put into force 生效,开始执行 force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 pollute v. 污染，弄脏 pollution n. 污染；污染物 pollute sth with sth 污染,毁坏 pollute the environment 污染环境 cancel v. 取消；撤销 cancel out (使)平衡或抵消 The match had to be cancelled due to the bad weather. 比赛因天气不好只得取消。 damage n.损坏，伤害 vt. 损害；毁坏 These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life. 这些自然灾害对我们的生活造成了极大的破坏。 protect v. 保护，守护， protection　n. 保护；防卫 protect sb/sth against〔from〕 sb/sth 保护,保卫 You should protect the children from the cold. 你们应该保护孩子不让其受冻。 promote v. 促进；提升， Promotion n.提升 We are promoting the use of green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. 我们正在推广使用绿色能源，种植更多的树木，从而尝试阻止全球变暖。 urban adj. 城市的 urban areas 市区 rural areas 乡村地区 discussion n. 讨论 discuss v. 讨论；论述；商量 discussion about〔on, of〕 对某事进行的讨论 have a discussion 进行讨论 hold a discussion 进行讨论 blow v. （风）吹 现在分词 blowing 过去式 blew 过去分词 blown blow away 吹走；驱散 blow down 炸毁；吹倒 blow over 平息；被淡忘；消散；停止 tie v. 将……联结，捆绑； n. 绳；领带； tie sb/sth to sth 使被…束缚; 联系 tie together (使)捆在一起; (使)联系在一起 vehicle n. 车辆；交通工具 motor vehicle 汽车；机动车辆 electric vehicle 电动车辆 global adj. 全球的，总的；球状的 globe　n. 地球；地球仪；球体；世界 global village 地球村 global warming 全球气候变暖... global event 全球运动 sustainable adj. 可持续的 sustainable development 可持续发展 sustainable growth 持续增长 realize v. 认识到，实现；了解；意识到； realize aim 实现目标 realize danger 意识到危险 realize error 认识到错误 重点短语 1. force sb . to do sth .强迫某人做某事； 2.prevent from 阻止； 3.protect from 保护： 4.make a change 做出改变 5.too much 太多； 6.decide to do sth ．决定去做某事； 7.agree with 同意； 8.pay attention to 注意； 9.be enough to do 足够……; 10.too … to do 太……而不能……; 11.as well as 同……一样； 12.lead to 通向，导致 13.heat waves 热浪 14.acid rain.酸雨 15.electric car 电车 单元语法：主语从句与表语从句 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句，充当表语成分的句子叫作表 语从句，它们都属于名词性从句。如： That my flight was delayed by the sandstorm was known to my family. 我的航班因沙尘暴而延误，(这件事)我的家人都知道了。(主语从句) What we cando is to plant more trees in our city.我们能做的就是在城市里种更多的树。(主语从句) The question is whether the sandstorm will affect our life.问题是沙尘暴是否会影响我们的生活。(表语从句) The fact is that we are now facing more and more natural disasters.事实是，我们现在正面临越来越多的自然灾害。(表语从句) 一、主语从句用法 1.主语从句的连接词 分类 连接词 说明 例句 从属连词 that 只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略 That the price will go up is certain. 价 格会上调，这是肯定的。 whether 意为“是否”,放在 句首和句末均可，不 可用if代替 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. (它)对我们是否有害还有待观察。 连接代词 who、what、 which、 whatever、 whichever、 whoever等 在句子中充当主语成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 What caused the sandstorm has been made clear to the public. 引起沙尘暴的原因已为公众所知。 Whoever is responsible for air pollution should be punished. 任何对空气污染需要负责的人都应该受到 惩罚。 连接副词 when、 where、how、 why等 在从句中充当状语等成分，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 它是如何发生的不为人知。 When the measures can be taken will be told soon. 什么时候可以采取措施将很快被告知。 2.主语从句后置 为了避免句子中主语过长，显得头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，把真正的 主语放在句子后部。用it作形式主语有以下几类： 分类 例句 It + be+形容词+ that从句 It is lucky that people have decided to make a change. 幸运的是，人们已经决定做出改变。 It is obvious that the blue sky and sunny days appear more often in Chengdu. 很明显，蓝天和晴天在成都出现的次数比以前更多 It + be +名词+ that从句 It is a good thing that people have realized the importance of environmental protection. 人们已经意识到环境保护的重要性，这是一件好事。 It was a pity that floods have caused great damage to our life these years. 很遗憾，这些年洪水给我们的生活造成了很大的损害。 It + be +过去分词+ that从句 It is said that electric cars will become more popular among people. 据说电动汽车将会越来越受人们的欢迎。 It is reported that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds over loose soil or sand. 据报道，沙尘暴是由强风吹过疏松的土壤或沙子自然形成的。 It +不及物动词或短语+ that从句 It seems that there have been more and more floods these years. 这些年来似乎有越来越多的洪水。 It turned out that we have found ways to prevent floods and typhoons. 结果证明我们已经找到了预防洪水和台风的方法。 二、表语从句的用法 分类 连接词 说明 例句 从属连词 that、whether that在表语从句中不充当任何成分，本身无实际意义，但不能省略 The problem is that people sometimes harm the environment. 问题是人们有时会对环境造成危害。 连接代词 who、what、 which等 在句子中充当表语成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序 That's what we should work for and help reduce pollution. 这就是我们为之而努力的，我们 应该帮助(自然)减少污染。 连接副词 when、where、 how、why 等 在从句中充当状语等成分，既有疑问含义又起连接作用 The most important thing is how we can have more people join us. 最重要的是如何让更多的人加入我们。 对点训练 1．It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted. A．who B．that who C．whoever D．that whoever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据说凡是对这个项目有贡献的人都将被提升。 考查主语从句。It was said that表示“据说……”；it是形式主语，that后面的从句是真正的主语；分析句子“It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted.”， 可知是无论是谁对这个项目有贡献，都会被提升，所以是无论是谁whoever，故选D。 2．It doesn’t matter ________you succeed or fail. Just try your best. A．whether B．how C．what D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你成功还是失败不要紧，只要尽你最大努力。 考查主语从句。whether是否；how怎样；what什么；why为什么。根据“succeed or fail”可知此处用whether表示是否；it是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。故选A。 3．— David didn’t finish the task on time. — ________ he looks so sad. A．He thinks B．Not matter C．No wonder D．I wonder 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——大卫没有按时完成任务。——难怪他看上去伤心。 考查no wonder引导主语从句。He thinks他认为；Not matter不要紧；No wonder难怪；I wonder我想知道。根据“David didn’t finish the task on time.”可知，他伤心的原因是没有按时完成任务，所以此处指“难怪他看上去伤心”，解释了他伤心的原因。故选C。 4．__________ comes in must keep quiet. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Whoever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：无论谁进来，都必须保持安静。 whatever无论何事；无论什么；whenever无论何时；however无论怎样；whoever无论谁。结合句意…must keep quiet可知，应该指人保持安静。故选D。 5．She wondered _________ help might come and _________ she could do was to keep calm. A．how soon; that B．how long; what C．how soon; what D．how long; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她不知道救援多久才能来，她能做的就是保持冷静。 考查疑问词组和引导词辨析。how soon多久，对将来时提问；how long多长，对时间或长度提问。分析“She wondered...help might come”可知，援助将来才会到，用how soon，排除BD。分析“...she could do was to keep calm”可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词do的宾语，表示“做什么”，用what。故选C。 6．All the countries have agreed ________ wears the Red Cross must never be attacked. A．that whoever B．that C．that no matter who D．if no matter who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：所有的国家已经同意，无论谁穿着，红十字会都不能被攻击。 考查从句。根据题干，动词agreed后跟that引导宾语从句，其中宾语从句中“whoever”引导的是主语从句；whoever既能引导名词性从句也能引导让步状语从句，no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。故选A。 7．Uncle Wang's home is far away from the factory.  ________he gets up early every day. A．That's because B．That's why C．That's when D．That's what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王叔叔家离工厂远。这就是为什么他每天早起。 本题考查表语从句。A. That's because这是因为，B. That's why这是为什么，C. That's when这是……时候，D. That's what这是什么。根据Uncle Wang's home is far away from the factory.可知，王叔叔家离工厂远，后一句he gets up early every day他每天早起，因此工厂离家远是他早起的原因。故选B。 8．Tina’s dream is to be an excellent doctor. That’s ________ she is working as ________ as she can. A．because; hardly B．why; hard C．because; hard D．why; hardly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蒂娜的梦想是成为一名优秀的医生。这就是她为什么她尽可能努力工作的原因。 考查从属连词辨析和副词辨析。because因为；why为什么。根据“That’s...she is working as...as she can.”可知，第一处应是why引导的表语从句。hardly几乎不；hard努力地。第二处修饰动词“work”，work hard“努力工作”，固定短语。故选B。 9．The reason________ he didn’t come was__________ he was ill. A．why； that B．that； why C．for that； that D．for which； what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他没有来的原因是他生病了。 考查关系代词的用法。why关系副词，指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，它的先行词通常是reason。that关系代词，既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。that也可以引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。for that是干扰项，无此结构。for which是“介词+关系代词”的结构。what引导表语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。已知the reason是先行词，所以关系副词用why。he was ill是表语从句，且结构完整，所以用that（不作句子成分）引导，故选A。 【点睛】先行词是reason，关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语。但若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句用that或which引导。 10．That is ________ your experience ________ your characteristics. A．what; influences B．how; influences C．why; influence D．how; influence 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那就是你的经历是如何影响你的性格的。 考查关系副词及主谓一致。根据“That is … your experience … your characteristics．”可知，本句是表语从句，experience“经历”，是可数名词，这里为单数，句子时态是一般现在时，所以influence应加“s”，排除C、D选项；what“什么”，how“怎样、如何”，结合语境，可知是你的经历是如何影响你的性格的，A选项语意不通，因此排除；故选B。 11．I didn’t take my raincoat or umbrella. ________ I got wet through. A．It’s because B．That’s why C．There’s why D．It’s so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没带雨衣和伞。这就是为什么我全身湿透了。 考查why引导的表语从句。分析句子可知，前半句“没有带雨衣和雨伞”是后半句“浑身湿透”的原因。That’s why意为“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句，表原因。故选B。 12．Timber Wolves are no longer ________ they used to be. A．how B．that C．what D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：森林狼不再是它们过去的样子了。 考查表语从句。how如何，关系副词；that连接代词，不作句子成分，也无意义，只起连接作用；what什么，关系代词，在从句中作主、宾、表语；which哪一个，关系代词，作定语。根据“Timber Wolves are”可知，空格处引导表语从句。根据“they used to be”可知，从句缺宾语，此处表示“它们过去的样子”，应用what。故选C。 13．My mother can't go to work today. That is ________ she is seriously ill. A．how B．why C．because D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈今天不能去上班。那是因为她病得很重。 考查连词辨析。how怎样；why为什么；because 因为；what什么。根据上文“My mother can't go to work today.”可知空后说不能去工作的原因。这里是because引导的从句。故选C。 14．Lucy is an interesting girl. That’s they all like her. A．when B．what C．why D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西是个有趣的女孩。那就是他们喜欢她的原因。 考查表语从句引导词。本句是表语从句，when何时，表时间；what什么，表事情；why为什么；where何地，表地点。从句缺状语，需用副词；根据they all like her，可知That’s why...（那就是……的原因）符合句意。故选C。 15．Unluckily, most of the students are ill because of catching a cold. That is ________ I put off the class meeting. A．why B．when C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不幸的是，大多数学生都因为得了感冒生病了。那就是我为什么推迟班会的原因。 考查特殊疑问词。why为什么；when什么时候；what什么；where在哪里。根据句意可知，that指代的内容是空后内容的原因，用why。故选A。 16．It has been proved ______ he is a smart boy. A．who B．what C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：已经证明他是一个聪明的男孩。 考查连接词。who谁；what什么；that那个，引导从句无实义；which哪一个。“It has been proved that+从句”意为“已经证明……”，it是形式主语，that引导的真正主语，故选C。 17．What most is that he told a lie instead of the truth. A．proves B．forces C．matters D．admires 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最重要的是他撒谎了而没说实话。A. proves证明；B. forces强迫；C. matters要紧，重要；D. admires钦佩。结合句意可知，答案为C。 18．The app “MAYI” encourages people to give away the clothes ________ they don’t need to the poor. A．what B．whom C．who D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这款名为“MAYI”的应用鼓励人们把自己不需要的衣服送给穷人。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“the clothes ... they don’t need”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“the clothes”指物，且在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选D。 19．The unforgettable experience ________ we had in the summer camp makes us grow up. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们在夏令营的难忘经历使我们成长。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；whom关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；句子先行词是“experience”，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用which/that引导，故选C。 20．—What kind of movies do you like best, Jane? —The movies ________ make me think a lot. A．who B．what C．that D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——简，你最喜欢哪种电影？——那些让我思考很多的电影。 考查定语从句。who先行词指人；what什么，不引导定语从句；that先行词指人或物；whose先行词指人或物，只用作定语。根据答语“The movies ________ make me think a lot”可知，本句的先行词The movies指物，应用that引导定语从句。故选C。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系代词：who在句中作主宾表，先行词指人；whose在句中作定语，先行词指人；whom在句中作宾语，先行词指人；which在句中作主宾表，先行词指物；that在句中作主宾表，先行词指人或物。 情景对话：能够用英语表达自己对环境保护的积极态度。 教材原文 Lin Yang: Hi, Sarah. Why're you in the office? I thought you were on a business trip to Shanghai. Sarah Smith: Oh, my flight was canceled due to the typhoon. Other public transportation like trains and ships has also been canceled or delayed. Lin Yang: That's terrible. It seems there have been more natural disasters these years. Sarah Smith: Yes. Over the past few years, floods, droughts and heat waves have caused serious damage to the world. Lin Yang: Also typhoons and floods strike more frequently and with greater force than before. Sarah Smith: That's certainly true. And some of them are caused by human activities. Lin Yang: Yes. We've cut too many trees and badly polluted the environment. Sarah Smith: Well, it's lucky that people have decided to make a change. Lin Yang: Yeah, it's what we should do right now. And the most importantthing is how we can have more people join us. Sarah Smith: I agree with you. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 重点句子 1. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护我们的地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 2. Experts tie the problem torapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木，也是由人类活动造成的。 3. Today we are growing too fast to rememberthe importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. 如今，我们发展得太快，以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重 要性。 4. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. 幸运的是，人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性，情况也正在 好转。 对点训练 补全对话 根据对话情景选择合适的选项补全对话。有两项多余。 A: Hi, Jane. Would you like to help save the environment? B: I’d like to. 21 A: Well, first, you can start by turning off the lights when you leave a room. B: Yes. That’s easy. 22 What’s next? A: Second, you can ride a bicycle. Don’t take a bus or a taxi if you don’t have to. B: 23 What else? A: Third, try to recycle paper. B: Mmm. Newspapers, magazines…we have a lot of paper at home. Good idea. A: The fourth idea is to turn off the shower when you’re not using it. B: 24 A: Yes. Get wet, turn off the shower, put the shampoo (洗发剂) in your hair and then turn on the shower and wash it out. B: Yes, 25 We have to save water. A．I can do it. B．I think water is very important to us. C．You mean when I have shampoo in my hair? D．But what can I do? E．That will save a lot of money, too. F．Take a bag when you go shopping. G．Sometimes I turn on the lights without thinking. 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．E 24．C 25．B 【导语】本文主要是关于如何保护环境的对话。 21．根据“Well, first, you can start by turning off the lights when you leave a room”可知上文应询问应该怎么做，选项D“但是我能做什么呢”符合语境。故选D。 22．根据“Yes. That’s easy”可知此处表示上一个建议很简单，可以做到，选项A“我可以做到”符合语境。故选A。 23．根据“Don’t take a bus or a taxi if you don’t have to”可知此处说明不坐公交车或出租车的好处，选项E“那也会省很多钱”符合语境。故选E。 24．根据“The fourth idea is to turn off the shower when you’re not using it”可知此处内容和洗澡有关，选项C“你的意思是当我的头发上有洗发水时”符合语境。故选C。 25．根据“We have to save water”可知我们要节约用水，因为水很重要，选项B“我认为水对我们非常重要”符合语境。故选B。 A: Where have you been, Mike? I phoned you, but you weren’t in. B: 26 A: Why did you go there? B: 27 It has made several old people who live nearby sick. A: 28 B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something? A: 29 I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. B: 30 It’s our duty to protect the environment. A．I’ve been to a farm. B．Good idea! C．I’ve been to a rubber（橡胶） factory. D．Because I found the factory pouring waste water into the river. E．That’s terrible. F．What should we do to stop it? G．Yes, of course. 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．E 29．G 30．B 【分析】对话主要谈论了一家橡胶厂将污水倒进河里，使得一些老人生病的事情，同时就这个问题提出了自己的想法。 26．由上句“你去哪里了，迈克”可知，此句是要回答去过哪里了，选项C“我去过一家橡胶厂”符合语境，故选C。 27．由上句“你为什么去那”可知，此句是说去橡胶厂的原因，选项D“因为我发现工厂把废水倒进河里”符合语境，故选D。 28．由上句“它已经使住在附近的几个老人生病了”可知，此句是表达对这种情况的回应，选项E“那很可怕”符合语境，故选E。 29．上句为一般疑问句，是在问“绿色中国”能有所作为吗，此句应做出肯定或否定回答，选项G“是的，当然”作出了肯定回答，符合语境，故选G。 30．上句“我认为我们应该就污染问题给报纸写封信”提出了一种想法，此句是对这种想法做出回应，选项B“好主意”符合语境，故选B。 读一读，记一记。 · That our environment is badly polluted by human activities is known to all. 我们的环境被人类活动严重污染，这是众所周知的。 · That is what we should do to deal with natural disasters. 这就是我们应对自然灾害应该做的事情。 · Why there are more natural disasters is now being discussed heatedly. 为什么有更多的自然灾害正在被热烈地讨论。 · It was a pity that droughts had caused great damage to some areas these years. 很遗憾，这些年来干旱给一些地区造成了很大的破坏。 · It is lucky that people have decided tomake a change. 幸运的是，人们已经决定做出改变。 · It will be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe place to live in. 我们将有可能保护我们的地球，使它成为一个安全的居所。 重点句子（英译汉） 1. If more people work together, it'll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in. 2. Experts tie the problem torapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 3. Today we are growing too fast to rememberthe importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. 4. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. 【答案】 1.如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护我们的地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 2.专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木，也是由人类活动造成的。 3.如今，我们发展得太快，以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重 要性。 4.幸运的是，人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性，情况也正在 好转。 句型整理 1. My flight is delayed due to the floods ．我的航班因为水灾取消了。 1）delay 延迟、推迟，在句中作谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态； without delay毫不耽搁 ; 立即 ; Flight Delay班机延误 delay doing sth 延迟做某事， Do it without (any) delay! 马上做， 不得延误! Don't delay too long. 别拖太长时间。 2）due to 由于，因为：表示某事发生的原因或原因结果关系。to 是介词 Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damages caused by human activities. 许多自然灾害是由于人类活动造成的环境破坏。 词义辨析 thanks to, because of, due to “由于”， thanks to 突出一种感激之情，含“多亏”意味。 Thanks to your help，we can finish the task in time。 because of 着重某种原因的理由，在句中通常作状语。应用最广，也更口语化。 Because of his wife’s being there,I said nothing about it. 因为他妻子在场，我对此事只字未提。 due to 用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中多作表语，有时作状语。 做状语时一般不置于句首，也可以做表语和定语。 Your failure is due to negligence.你的失败是由于疏忽所造成的。 2.These natural disasters have caused great damage to our life . 这些自然灾害给我们的生活造成了的很大损失。 cause damage to …对…造成损坏，带来损害。 cause great damage to 给......造成了很大的损失 The storm caused great damage to the crops. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。 are caused by human activities是由人类活动导致的 3.It ' s lucky that people have decided to make a change .幸运的是，人类决定作出改变。 It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as the environmental protection , and things are getting better ．幸运的是，人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性，情况也正在好转。 1） It ' s lucky that …幸运的是…… that 引导主语从句，it是形式主语。it’s lucky that 做某事是幸运的 2）make a change 进行改变，做出改变 we should make some changes to the environment, and the number of such disasters is sure to reduce. 3）" as well as "意为"和……一样"。 3.It is what we should do right now . 我们现在的确应该行动起来。 " It ' s what we should do right now "是由" what "关系代词所引导的表语从句； what we should do 我们所应该做的事，我们所应该做的 4.And the most important thing is how we can have more people join us . 而且，最重要的是如何才能让更多的人加入我们。 1）how we can have more people join us "是由" how "连接副词所引导的表语从句。 2）join us 加入我们，联系我们 join in 参加 join up 联合起来 ; 联结起来 5. If more people work together , it ' ll be possible for us to protect our earth and make it a safe and lovely place to live in ． 如果更多的人一起努力，我们就可以保护我们的地球，让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。 1） it is possible to do sth 有可能做……, 2） it is possible for sb to do sth 对某人而言有可能做……。 3）If more people work together， if引导 条件状语从句，“主将从现” 6.I thought you were going to Thailand this morning. 我意为你今天上午去泰国了。 7. It seems there have been more floods these years than before. 这些年水灾似乎比以前发生得更多了。 It seems (that )意思是 “看起来好像”，例如： It seems that he is not quite himself today. 他今天好像不怎么舒服。 也可以写成 He seems to be not quite himself today. 8.I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 辨析： agree with ，agree to ，agree on agree with + 人：同意某人的话 I　won't agree with you. 也可加“意见，观点”，但是不承担后面的具体动作。 如： I　agree with what he said. I　agree with you in thinking that the plan is unpractical. 我同意你的看法：这个计划不实际。 这里的“我”都与后面的动作/事无关。 另外，agree with还可以表示符合，适合： Spicy food does not agree with me. 辛辣食物不合我的胃口。（吃了不舒服。） His words do not agree with his action.他的言行不一致。 agree to + 动词：同意做... I agree to tell him the truth. He has agreed to come. 加意见看法时，暗指同意并且会承担后面的动作： We agreed to the new plan. 我们同意这个新计划。（而且我们还要实施这个计划。） agree on + n. 对...意见一致。 We agree on this count. 在这一点上,我们的意见一致。 9. It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand .众所周知，沙尘暴是由强风吹过松散的土壤或沙子引起的自然现象。 1） it is known that …众所周知"， 同类句子还有 it is said / believed/reported/thought that …; 2)blowing over 在此句中为动名词，而非现在分词作定语。 10. Experts tie the problem to the rapid urban development , and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities . 专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木，也是由人类活动造成的。 " cutting down trees "为动名词短语作主语，" which "所引导定语从句修饰" reason "。 11. Today we are growing too fast to remember the importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world .如今，我们发展得太快，以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重要性。 " too … to …"意为"太……而没有……"，表示否定。 I am too tiered to say a word。 我累的一句话都不想说了。 The bag is too heavy for her to carry it。这个袋子太重了她拿不动。 12. People are advised to use electric cars and public transportation. 建议人们使用电动汽车和公共交通工具。（典型的被动语态） Be advised to do sth 被建议做某事 Advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 Advise doing sth 建议做某事 13.We are promoting the use of green energy , planting more trees and trying to stop global warming . 我们正在推广使用绿色能源，种植更多的树木，从而尝试阻止全球变暖。（现在进行时） " promoting "" planting "和" trying "在句中和 be 动词一起作谓语。 14.There are more and more discussions on natural disasters in recent years. 近年来，关于自然灾害的讨论越来越多。 15.Experts tie the problem to the rapid urban development, and cutting down trees is another reason which is largely due to human activities. 专家将这个问题与城市的快速发展联系起来，而砍伐树木是另一个主要由人类活动造成的原因。 16.Global concern about natural disasters is probably at an all-time high. 全球对自然灾害的关注可能达到了空前的高度 17.One area that needs to change is transportation. 需要改变的一个领域是交通。 that needs to change是One area的定语从句。 对点训练 完形填空 There are many kinds of pollution around us, 31 air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad 32 our health in many ways. Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. It can cause sore eyes and 33 problems. With the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish in the land. Farmers use too many 34 in the fields. They destroy the soil. So soil pollution has become serious. Noise pollution can make people 35 . For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a 36 place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure 37 . Working for a long time in strong, changeable light 38 cause some kinds of illnesses. It makes people feel 39 and is especially bad for the eyes. With 40 pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. Let’s be greener 31．A．such as B．for example C．because of D．as well as 32．A．to B．in C．for D．at 33．A．breaths B．breathe C．breathed D．breathing 34．A．chemical B．chemicals C．chemistry D．chemistries 35．A．blind B．lame C．black D．deaf 36．A．noise B．noisy C．noisily D．deaf 37．A．as well B．as well as C．either D．also 38．A．must B．should C．may D．need 39．A．terrible B．comfortable C．terribly D．comfortably 40．A．little B．a little C．less D．fewer 【答案】 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文介绍了各种各样的污染，如空气污染、土壤污染、噪声污染和光线污染，以及这些污染是怎么造成的以及它们对人类有什么伤害；最后作者呼吁我们要保护环境。 31．句意：我们周围有许多种污染，如空气污染、土壤污染、噪声污染和光污染。 such as例如（列举同类人或事物中的几个例子）；for example例如（常有逗号隔开，一般只举同类人或事物中的一个例子）；because of因为；as well as也。根据“air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution”可知，此处是列举各种污染，应用such as。故选A。 32．句意：它们在很多方面都对我们的健康有害。 to到；in采用（某种方式）；for对于；at在。根据“They are bad ...our health in many ways.”可知，be bad for“对……有害”，固定短语。故选C。 33．句意：它会导致眼睛疼痛和呼吸问题。 breaths呼吸（名词）；breathe呼吸（动词）；breathed呼吸（过去式/过去分词）；breathing呼吸（动名词/现在分词）。根据“problems”可推断，应用动名词形式breathing来修饰名词，此处表示呼吸问题。故选D。 34．句意：农民在地里使用了太多的化学药品。 chemical化学品（名词）；chemicals化学品（名词复数）；chemistry化学（名词）；chemistries化学（名词复数）。根据“Farmers use too many ... in the fields.”可知，农民在地里用了很多化学品，应用chemicals。故选B。 35．句意：噪音污染会使人失聪。 blind失明的；lame跛的；black黑色的；deaf失聪的。根据下文“For example, people may lose their hearing”可知，噪声污染可能使人变聋。故选D。 36．句意：例如，人们可能会失去听力，如果他们在一个嘈杂的地方工作很长一段时间。 noise噪音（名词）；noisy嘈杂的（形容词）；noisily吵闹地（副词）；deaf失聪的（形容词）。根据常识可知，长时间在一个嘈杂的地方工作可能让人失去听觉。此处用形容词noisy来修饰名词“place”，故选B。 37．句意：太多的噪音也会导致高血压。 as well也（肯定句末）；as well as也（表并列）；either也（否定句末）；also也（肯定句中）。该句为肯定句，且设空处位于句末，故应用as well。故选A。 38．句意：长时间在强烈、多变的光线下工作可能会引起某些疾病。 must一定；should应该；may可能；need需要。根据“Working for a long time in strong, changeable light ... cause some kinds of illnesses.”可知，长时间在强烈的、多变的光线中工作，“可能”会导致某些疾病。故选C。 39．句意：它会让人感觉很糟糕，尤其对眼睛有害。 terrible糟糕的（形容词）；comfortable舒服的（形容词）；terribly糟糕地（副词）；comfortably舒服地（副词）。根据句中的“...is especially bad for the eyes.”可推断，它会使人们感到不舒服。空格前的“feel”是一个系动词，后面用形容词作表语。故选A。 40．句意：更少的污染，我们的地球将变得更加绿色，我们的健康也会更好。 little少得几乎没有；a little一点点；less更少；fewer更少。根据句中的“will become greener”和“will be better”可推知，空格处应用形容词比较级来修饰后面的名词“pollution”，表示“更少的污染”，故排除选项A和B。less是little的比较级形式，修饰不可数名词；fewer是few的比较级形式，修饰可数名词。“pollution”为不可数名词，故选C。 阅读理解 When people started using plastic (塑料) in the 1950s, they found it such a wonderful thing. It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness. But we find something bad after over-using it. Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems. A whale died in Thailand not long ago. Its stomach was full of plastic bags. Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them. Plastic also goes into our bodies. Very little plastic is almost everywhere, even in water and food. When we eat the food and drink the water with very little plastic in it, it gets into our bodies and it’s bad for our health. Now, we should take action to use less plastic. First, we should stop using all single-use plastic we do not need. Don't use straws (吸管), plastic knives and forks, plastic cups and bags. We can all drink from a glass, without straws. Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil. Third, we need to recycle (再利用). We can stop using single-use plastic, but we still have many plastic products which are useful to us and not so easy to be replaced. For example, workers use many kilos of plastic to make cars because it makes the car lighter and need less energy. This plastic must be recycled. Waste is a potential resource. We can turn it into new products, creating jobs and protecting Mother Earth at the same time. 41．According to the passage, we use plastic to ________. ① keep food better and longer ② make some machines lighter ③ protect against different illness ④ help discover many new things A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 42．Why using too much plastic makes an environmental problem? A．Animals like eating plastic things. B．Plastic is hard to break down in the nature. C．Plastic is almost everywhere in everyone’s body now. D．Sea birds use plastic as food special for their chicks. 43．What does the underlined word “them” in the second paragraph mean? A．Sea birds. B．Plastic things. C．Animals. D．Chicks. 44．Which of the following is good for the environment? A．Drink with a straw while in the restaurant. B．Pay for the plastic bags while shopping. C．Use bamboo to replace single-use plastic. D．Throw away the single-use plastic. 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．Plastic, dangerous or useful B．Turn the waste into money C．Buy what you really need D．Different uses of plastic 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。减少使用塑料，停止使用一次性塑料、用其他材料替代塑料、回收利用塑料。 41．细节理解题。根据“It helps keep food better and longer, make machines lighter and protect against illness.”可知，①②③均有提及，故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据“Plastic is hard to break down. Poisonous (有毒的) things in it pollute the water and soil. They are causing environmental problems.”可知，塑料很难分解，其中有毒的东西会污染水和土壤，造成环境问题。故选B。 43．推理判断题。根据“Sea birds think little plastic things are food, so they feed their chicks with them. Many animals like these died because of them.”可知，此处“them”指的是“little plastic things”，故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据“Second, we can use other things to replace (取代) plastic ones. Bamboo is friendly to our earth. It provides food for giant pandas and mountain gorillas. Besides, planting bamboo is good for lands and soil.”可知，可以用竹子取代塑料，故选C。 45．最佳标题题。根据“When people started using plastic...But we find something bad after over-using it.”及全文可知，本文主要讲了塑料给人们带来便利，但过度使用带来污染和健康问题。所以A选项“塑料，危险还是有用”最符合，故选A。 June 5 is World Environment Day. Nowadays more and more people are trying different kinds of ways to face environmental problems around the world. What are people doing to protect our home—the earth? Most people are changing their shopping habits. On the one hand, secondhand clothes may be a smart choice. People are willing to buy the secondhand ones to wear in special situations because they only wear them once or twice. On the other hand, there are some companies for renting (租) clothes and renting clothes is cheaper than buying them. So people are able to save money and protect the environment. Several large companies have begun developing paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones because there are lots of customers worrying about the environment. They think paper bottles have many advantages. The most important is that paper bottles are easy to recycle and weigh less than glass or plastic ones as well. A zero-waste life is that people hardly create any rubbish. A zero-waste theme store provides a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products. The store helps people start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey. A zero-waste life follows the 6R principle (原则) —Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. All in all, the earth is our home and it’s our duty to protect it. 根据文章内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。 46．Few people around the world are trying different kinds of ways to face the environmental problems. 47．In order to save money and protect the environment, people can not only buy secondhand clothes but also rent clothes. 48．Large companies have developed paper bottles successfully and put them into use. 49．People can buy many everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste things in every store. 50．You are playing a part in protecting our earth while following the 6R principle. 【答案】46．F 47．T 48．F 49．F 50．T 【导语】本文介绍了越来越多的人正在尝试不同的方式来面对世界各地的环境问题。 46．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays more and more people are trying different kinds of ways to face environmental problems around the world.”可知，如今，越来越多的人正在尝试不同的方式来面对世界各地的环境问题，故选F。 47．细节理解题。根据“On the one hand, secondhand clothes may be a smart choice...On the other hand, there are some companies for renting (租) clothes and renting clothes is cheaper than buying them. So people are able to save money and protect the environment.”可知，为了省钱和保护环境，人们不仅可以买二手衣服，还可以租衣服，故选T。 48．细节理解题。根据“Several large companies have begun developing paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones”可知，几家大公司已经开始开发纸瓶来取代玻璃和塑料瓶而不是已经成功地开发出了纸瓶，故选F。 49．细节理解题。根据“A zero-waste theme store provides a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products. The store helps people start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.”可知，零废物主题商店提供了许多日常、实用和愉快的零废物产品，而不是在每一家商店都能买到，故选F。 50．细节理解题。根据“A zero-waste life follows the 6R principle (原则) —Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. All in all, the earth is our home and it’s our duty to protect it.”可知，在遵守6R原则的同时，也在保护我们的地球，故选T。 任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。 If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green. ·Avoid food waste Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need. ·Use reusable bottles Earth Day is a great time for you to drink from reusable water bottles when you’re out and about. You should form good water-saving habits around the house, too. ·Try more plant-based meals Try to eat less meat. It’s a surprisingly simple way we can all use to help save the planet. Try with one day a week to get you start, and then expand to more days when possible. ·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调） Whenever you can, go green and open the window for some natural air. If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature. ·Wise up to（意识到）recycling You don’t need us to tell you how important it is to reduce, reuse and recycle. Becoming a less “throw away” society is a great message to pass on. Don’t throw away perfectly good things just because you are sick of them, or no longer use them. Instead, give them to others or list them on a free collection site online. ·Know more about nature There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment. 51．How many ways of going green are there in the text? 52．According to the writer, what can we do to avoid food waste? 53．To save energy, what is the right way to use the air conditioner? 54．Do you think it is necessary for us to get ourselves outdoors and into nature? Why? 55．Why did the writer write this text? 56．According to the text, how green are you in your daily life? 【答案】51．Six/ 6. 52．We can finish our meals and buy what we need to avoid food waste. 53．To set it at between 25℃ and 27℃. 54．Yes, because we can know more about the environment. 55．To tell us some easy ways of going green. 56．I ride my bike to school every day, and every time I go shopping with my mother, we carry our cloth shopping bags.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文提出了几种如何保护环境的方法。 51．根据“·Avoid food waste”，“·Use reusable bottles”，“·Try more plant-based meals”，“·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调）”，“·Wise up to（意识到）recycling”，“·Know more about nature”可知，文章一共提出了6种方法，故填Six/ 6. 52．根据“Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need.”可知，通过“吃完每顿饭，计划一周的饮食，只买需要的东西”的方式避免食物浪费，故填We can finish our meals and buy what we need to avoid food waste. 53．根据“If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature.”可知，把空调设置在25℃到27℃之间，因为这是最节能的温度，故填To set it at between 25℃ and 27℃. 54．根据“There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment.”可知，到户外去亲近大自然是更好的了解环境的方式，故填Yes, because we can know more about the environment. 55．根据“If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green.”可知，作者写本文的目的是为了介绍一些简单的环保方法，让我们更好地保护环境、保护地球，故填To tell us some easy ways of going green. 56．主观题，符合题意即可。参考答案：I ride my bike to school every day, and every time I go shopping with my mother, we carry our cloth shopping bags.（答案不唯一） 选词填空 star, still, good, rest, up, how, pollution, stop, small, see, towards Look up at the sky at night. What can you see? Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is called light 57 . Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 58 ! Most of the time, light helps us. We can 59 because of it. It gives plants energy. But light isn’t always 60 . We need times of dark 61 . One hundred years ago, we had those times of dark. Now the night is like day. Some scientists are worried about 62 this light effects（影响）our health. These scientists are studying the effects of light pollution. Other scientists are finding ways to 63 light pollution and make our lives better. For example, many street lights now have covers. The covers focus the light 64 the ground. They stop the light from going 65 into the sky. They also save energy. The covers are a 66 change, but they can 67 have a positive（正面的）effect. 【答案】 57．pollution 58．stars 59．see 60．good 61．to rest 62．how 63．stop 64．towards 65．up 66．small 67．still 【分析】本文主要关于光污染的问题以及阻止光污染的措施。 57．句意：这叫光污染。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲述光污染的问题，pollution污染，名词。故填pollution。 58．句意：正因为如此，城市里的人们常常只能看到十颗星左右！根据“Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars.”以及“Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten...”可知，因为光污染，城市里的人们现在只能看到大约十颗星星，备选词汇“star”符合语境，此处填名词复数stars。故填stars。 59．句意：我们可以看到因为它。根据“Most of the time, light helps us.”以及常识可知，光可以让我们看见东西，备选词汇“see”符合语境，空前有情态动词，后接动词原形。故填see。 60．句意：但光并不总是好的。根据“Most of the time, light helps us.”以及“But light isn’t always...”可知，此处表示转折，描述光的坏处，备选词汇“good”符合语境。故填good。 61．句意：我们需要天黑的时候休息。根据常识可知，天黑时要我们要休息，备选词汇“rest”符合语境，need sth. to do需要某物来做。故填to rest。 62．句意：一些科学家担心这种光如何影响我们的健康。根据“this light effects our health”可知，此处表示影响我们健康的方式，用how。故填how。 63．句意：其他科学家正在寻找方法阻止光污染，让我们的生活更美好。根据“Other scientists are finding ways to...light pollution and make our lives better.”可知，此处表示阻止光污染，备选词汇“stop”符合语境，空前有to，用动词原形。故填stop。 64．句意：灯罩将光线聚焦在地面上。此处表示将光聚焦到地面上，备选词汇“towards”符合语境。故填towards。 65．句意：它们阻止光线往天上照。此处表示灯罩不让光往天上照，备选词汇“up”向上，符合语境。故填up。 66．句意：灯罩是一个小的变化，但它们仍然可以有一个正面的影响。空处缺少一个形容词，备选词汇“small”符合语境，表示灯罩是一个小小的变化。故填small。 67．句意：灯罩是一个小的变化，但它们仍然可以有一个正面的影响。根据“They also save energy. The covers are a...change, but they can...have a positive effect.”可知，此处表示虽然灯罩只是一个小的变化，但它们仍然有正面的影响，备选词汇“still”符合语境。故填still。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$