辽宁省营口市盖州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期7月期末考试英语试题

辽宁省营口市盖州市2023-2024学年八年级下学期7月期末英语试题 笔试部分。一、单词题。 14．（1分）The boy was not s 　 　（感到惊讶的）at the latest news. 15．（1分）The p 　 　of a test is to check what you have learn. 16．（1分）He will ask the question p 　 　（亲自）. 17．（1分）My brother is an excellent p 　 　（主持人）. 18．（1分）Zhang Yimou has d 　 　（指导） many popular films. 19．（1分）Could I ask w 　 　you have mentioned this to her？ 20．（1分）You are on the way to success as long as you s 　 　to your dream. 21．（1分）They enjoyed the s 　 　（寂静） and the smell of the forest. 22．（1分）Mike worked hard to i 　 　（介绍）his idea to the public. 23．（1分）But this time，he r 　 　（后悔）not taking his neighbor's advice and not taking action in time. 选择题。一、阅读理解。第一节，阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 24．（8分）Knowing the city by walking From July 2022 to July 2023，city walkers in China together covered over 320，000 kilometers.That's like circling Earth 8 times. Top five popular cities in China for city walking 1st：Shanghai 2nd：Beijing Ages of the city walkers under 16：15% 16﹣18：2% 19﹣28：50% 29﹣33：29% over 34：4% 3rd：Xiamen 4th：Qingdao 5th：Guiyang Three main reasons for city walking •To reduce stress •To know a city better •To have a cheaper way to travel （1）Which is the most popular city for city walking？ 　 　 A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Guiyang. D．Xiamen. （2）Half of the city walkers are aged 　 　. A．16﹣18 B．19﹣28 C．29﹣33 D．34﹣50 （3）One of the main reasons for city walking is to 　 　. A．circle Earth B．make more money C．keep popular D．know a city better （4）In which part of the magazine can we read the text？ 　 　 A．Travel. B．Art. C．Technology. D．History. 25．（8分） A student came to his teacher and asked him，""Sir，I have a question.How many friends should a person have﹣one or many？" "It is very simple，"the teacher answered."Get me that red apple from the highest branch（树枝）of the tree." The student looked up and said，"It's too high!I can't reach it." "Ask a friend.Maybe he can help，"the teacher suggested. The student called another student and stood on his shoulders to reach the branch. "I still can't reach it，sir."said the student sadly after the first try. "Don't you have more friends？"the teacher smiled. The student asked more friends to come over.They stood on each other's shoulders，trying to make a human pyramid（金字塔）.But the apple was so high that they couldn't go higher and the pyramid fell.The student still couldn't reach the apple.Then one of the friends went home，brought a ladder（梯子）and the student finally picked the apple. After getting the apple，the teacher asked，"So，do you understand how many friends a person needs？" "I do，"the student said."Many，so together we can work out any problem." "Well，"the teacher said，"of course you need as many friends as you can.However，among all of these friends there should be at least one smart friend finding out that you needed a ladder!" （1）What is the student's question？ 　 　 A.How can we make friends？ B.How do we work together？ C.How many friends should one have？ D.How many apples can each one pick？ （2）To answer the student's question，the teacher 　 　. A.gave a task B.set up a club C.told a story D.made a speech （3）How did the student finally pick the apple？ 　 　 A.By climbing the tree himself. B.By making a human pyramid. C.By using a ladder from a friend. D.By standing on a teacher's shoulders. （4）What can we learn from the lesson？ 　 　 A.A friend is a second self. B.The more friends，the better. C.A good teacher is a good friend. D.Try to make more smart friends. 26．（8分） The world is in great need of fresh water （淡水）.About 97% of water on Earth is salt water.Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers，lakes and the underground.The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger，so we need more and more fresh water.Now water shortage （短缺） becomes a big problem.And people are trying their best to find more ways to get fresh water. Then what can we do about it？Scientists have found some ways to turn salt water into fresh water.One important way is to boil （煮沸） sea water at a high temperature.In this way，we can make a lot of fresh water.But it often costs too much.And heating is not the only way to get fresh water. People also have other ways，such as digging deep wells，keeping rainwater and protecting rivers from being polluted. Which way is better？I think to get the most fresh water with the least money is the best.And most importantly，everyone should take part in saving water.And it's not difficult.We should just try not to waste any water in our everyday life. （1）The fresh water people can drink comes from the following places EXCEPT 　 　. A.the sea B.rivers C.the underground D.lakes （2）How many ways can we have to get fresh water according to the passage？ 　 　 A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. （3）From this passage，we know that 　 　. A.it's easy to get fresh water B.we have enough fresh water to use C.fresh water can be found in many factories D.we need more and more fresh water （4）What's the main idea of the passage ？ 　 　 A.The ways to get fresh water. B.How to tell the difference between salt water and fresh water. C.Salt water is very important. D.It's easy to get fresh water. 27．（8分） Artificial intelligence（AI）can now do amazing things.ChatGPT is an AI that can answer questions，tell stories，and do much more.But it's very"thirsty"，said a new study. When ChatGPT works，its "home"﹣﹣data（数据）centers around the world﹣produces a large amount of heat.Just like when we run or do something active，our bodies get hot.The same happens to the computers in data centers.Workers then have to use water to cool them down.Cold water goes into pipes（管道）near the computers at these centers.Because the computers are very hot，the water turns into vapor（水蒸气）and goes into the air.The water needs to be super clean.If they use sea water，it can eat away the pipes. If you ask ChatGPT 20 to 50 questions，it needs to"drink"a 500﹣milliliter bottle of water.When scientists trained ChatGPT，it used 700，000 liters of water，said the study.This is the amount that is needed to make about 370 cars. ChatGPT is not the only one that needs data centers.Everything you do on the Internet needs data centers to work.There are more than 8，000 data centers in the world，said a report in 2021.Between 2022 and 2023，the number of super data centers increased by 30%，reaching a record 1400. The number is still growing.If AI keeps using a lot of water，we may have to"fight" with AI for water. （1）What is used to cool down the computers？ 　 　 A.Hot water. B.Waste water. C.Sea water. D.Cold clean water. （2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ 　 　 A.AI can do a lot of things. B.AI helps make lots of cars. C.AI needs data centers to work. D.AI uses a lot of water when working. （3）What can we infer（推断） from the last paragraph？ 　 　 A.People will be stopped from wasting water. B.AI will be replaced by other new technology. C.Data centers won't need to be cooled down any more. D.People should control the number of data centers to save water. （4）Which of the following would be the best title？ 　 　 A.A new invention B.A more powerful AI C.Thirsty computers D.The history of computers 第二节，阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 28．（8分） Chinese opera is one of the oldest art forms in the world.（1）　 　Different parts of China have their own local opera and there are more than 300 different kinds.（2）　 　Actors in Sichuan opera wear specially painted masks（面具）on their faces in many different colours.They will suddenly change completely，and all the time，the actor is dancing beautifully with many difficult movements.Some actors can change face ten times in twenty seconds，and yet you never see their fingers touch their face. Of course，you realize that the actor has many different masks，one on top of the other.They are made from very thin silk in bright colours.If the actor turns his back to you，you think he is changing his mask while you cannot see him doing it.（3）　 　Then he shakes his head suddenly and that mask has changed，like magic，into another one!You cannot believe your eyes，and yet it has happened! To be able to change the masks without being seen is a very special skill.It takes much time to learn it perfectly.The exact method used by the actors is a closely guarded secret that is only passed on from father to son or master to apprentice （学徒） .As China's influence develops around the world，Chinese culture travels too.（4）　 　 A．Different colours have different meanings. B．Its history goes back many hundreds of years. C．But when he turns again to face you，it's the same mask. D．This old art form is making new friends all over the world. E．One of the most interesting and exciting forms is Sichuan opera. 二、完形填空。阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 29．（10分）Families are important，especially when we are abroad alone.Luckily，I have a lovely host family.It's a（1）　 　family with my host parents and siblings （兄弟姐妹），my host grandparents and the host's uncle and his family. At first，I was（2）　 　the kids would not like me.But（3）　 　they were very friendly and outgoing，especially my sibling Mike.He is 8 years old.On the first day when I arrived，he（4）　 　me to play hockey （曲棍球），soccer and video games with him.The next day，we（5）　 　a trip to the city of Plzen （Pilsen in English）.I played games with him and felt like we became good friends.（6）　 　I couldn't understand what he was saying in Czech （捷克语），so I just answered with some simple words.But he didn't get annoyed and asked my host mother to（7）　 　. My sister Linda was pretty（8）　 　at first.But little by little，she opened up to me.Sometimes，Linda wanted to help me cook，but she actually made it（9）　 　.But I didn't mind，and I even tried to make her laugh. Perhaps this is a big（10）　 　for me because I didn't know how to play with kids before.But now I love kids and I try to be patient with them.I really enjoy staying with my host family.I feel myself at home. （1） A．big B．tiny C．small D．close （2） A．angry B．afraid C．excited D．shocked （3） A．after all B．in my opinion C．without doubt D．to my surprise （4） A．returned B．refused C．invited D．followed （5） A．took B．set C．planned D．won （6） A．Especially B．Exactly C．Instead D．Sometimes （7） A．retell B．translate C．speak D．connect （8） A．pleased B．outgoing C．shy D．noisy （9） A．easier B．harder C．darker D．better （10） A．mistake B．secret C．change D．condition 三、语篇填空。阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通颖、连贯。 30．（10分） Red is the color of China.Among all the colors，red is most easily seen.The color red is fresh and joyful.And in China we call it " China Red ".Chinese people（1）　 　 （attract） by the color red.On the one hand，it makes people feel（2）　 　（excite）.On the other hand，it has rich meaning in Chinese culture and history. No country in the world has ever used a color in such a way as China.Here，red is a symbol.It gives color to the spirit of the nation.In the past，red stood（3）　 　 seriousness and mystery.Even now，Chinese people love the color much more than others do.It can be said that"China Red"is an everlasting（水恒的） theme for China.It is（4）　 　important color for Chinese people.So far， " China Red"（5）　 　（ become） a very popular phrase，attracting the world's attention. Finding red﹣colored things in China is very easy，as you can see the color everywhere.（6）　 　（tradition） things such as Chinese knots，lanterns and paper cutting are almost all red.Most importantly，red is the main color of China's national flag.They all play special（7）　 　（ role） in China. Red is the color of luck，health，（8）　 　 （ happy），peace and wealth.Only real things and events can fully show the real beauty of red.The color can be alive only when it's connected with people. Red is more than just a color in China.It also carries the ancient history（9）　 　culture of the Chinese nation. "China Red" is filled with mysterious charm（ 魅力 ）beyond description and it is right here in China waiting for you（10）　 　（feel） and discover! 四、阅读与表达。阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 31．（10分） What kind of people should be respected？The older experienced people or the younger ones？Let's have a lock at what Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China，said in The Analects of Confucius（《论语》）."A youth is to be regarded with respect.How do we know that his future will not be equal to our present？If he reaches the age of forty or fifty，and has not made himself heard of，then indeed he will not be worth being regarded with respect." When Confucius was traveling.he came across three children，two of whom wen playing happily，but the other was standing next to him.He thought it was strange， "so he walked up and asked the boy."Why don't you play with them？" The kid replied， "Violent（暴力的）fighting can take a man's life，too much pulling and tugging（拽） at each other can also cause injury（伤害）.To say the least，they may even tear the clothes.It doesn't do any good，so I don't want to play with them.Do you think it is strange？" After a while，the child made a castle of mud and sat by himself inside for a long time.He did not come out，nor did he make way for Confucius who was about to leave. Confucius asked him why he did not stay away from the carriage（四轮马车）.He said. "I only heard that the carriage must bypass（绕过）the castle.Never heard that a castle should bypass a carriage. " Hearing this.Confucius was very surprised.Such a young child could say such a reasonable thing.It was awesome. Confucius had high hopes for young people.In his eyes，people of different ages have different advantages.The older people may have many important experiences which should be learned by young people.And the young people are always full of energy and creativity.So they should be respected and learned from，too.In fact，Confucius didn't like the older people who acted like they knew everything but didn't help society. （1）Why didn't the boy play with the other two？ 　 　 （2）How did Confucius feel after he heard the boy's answer according to Paragraph 4？ 　 　 （3）What does Confucius think of the young people？ 　 　 （4）As a young man，what advantages do you think you have？What will you do to help our society？Write 30 words or more. 　 　 五、书面表达。 32．（20分）为了增强中学生的安全意识，提高自我保护能力，学校将开展以"安全"为主题的英语演讲比赛.请你根据以下：提示写一篇演讲稿。 注意： （1）词数80﹣100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）演讲稿中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Hello，everyone!______________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening. 参考答案与试题解析 笔试部分。一、单词题。 14．（1分）The boy was not s 　urprised　（感到惊讶的）at the latest news. 【分析】这个男孩对最新消息并不感到惊讶。 【解答】根据提示"感到惊讶的"可知，是形容词surprised。这里作表语，且通常修饰人。 故答案为：surprised。 【点评】充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。 15．（1分）The p 　urpose　of a test is to check what you have learn. 【分析】考试的目的是检查你学到了什么。 【解答】根据"考试的......是检查你学到了什么。"及首字母提示可知，应该是"目的"。the purpose of..."......的目的"。 故答案为：purpose。 【点评】充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。 16．（1分）He will ask the question p 　ersonally　（亲自）. 【分析】他将亲自问这个问题。 【解答】根据句意和首字母提示可知，这里使用副词personally意为"亲自"，修饰动词ask。 故填：personally。 【点评】熟悉副词的用法，根据汉语解答即可。 17．（1分）My brother is an excellent p 　resenter　（主持人）. 【分析】我哥哥是一个优秀的主持人。 【解答】此题不定冠词an后用单数名词。根据提示"主持人"可知，填名词presenter。 故答案为：presenter。 【点评】充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。 18．（1分）Zhang Yimou has d 　irected　（指导） many popular films. 【分析】张艺谋导演了许多受欢迎的电影。 【解答】direct指导，过去分词是directed。根据句意，结合句中的has可知时态是现在完成时，空格处应填一个过去分词。根据所给首字母及中文提示可知正确答案是directed。 故答案为：directed。 【点评】解答首字母填空时，首先分析结构和句意，根据空格前后词汇的意思确定所填词的词性及形式，注意时态和语态，最后根据首字母填入完整的词。 19．（1分）Could I ask w 　hether　you have mentioned this to her？ 【分析】我能问一下你是否跟她提起过这件事吗？ 【解答】根据句意"我能问一下你是否跟她提起过这件事吗？"分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词ask的宾语，结合语境和首字母提示可知，此处用whether是否，是引导词。 故答案为：whether。 【点评】根据句意及所给首字母提示，符合语法知识，写出答案。 20．（1分）You are on the way to success as long as you s 　tick　to your dream. 【分析】只要你坚持你的梦想，你就会成功。 【解答】根据句意和首字母提示可知，这里表达的意思是"坚持你的梦想"，短语stick to意为"坚持"，根据主句时态可知从句用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。 故答案为：stick。 【点评】根据句意及首字母提示补全单词，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的意思及词性，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。 21．（1分）They enjoyed the s 　ilence　（寂静） and the smell of the forest. 【分析】他们喜欢寂静和森林的气味。 【解答】根据提示"寂静"可知，填不可数名词silence作宾语。 故答案为：silence。 【点评】充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。 22．（1分）Mike worked hard to i 　ntroduce　（介绍）his idea to the public. 【分析】迈克努力向公众介绍他的想法。 【解答】introduce介绍，动词。动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。 故答案为：introduce。 【点评】此题考查汉译英单词翻译，在熟知所给汉语的英语翻译的基础上，正确拼写出单词，注意结合语法变换词的形式，便可得出正确答案。 23．（1分）But this time，he r 　egretted　（后悔）not taking his neighbor's advice and not taking action in time. 【分析】但这次，他后悔没有听从邻居的建议，没有及时采取行动。 【解答】根据汉语提示"后悔"可知应填动词regret，根据句意可知句子是一般过去时。 故答案为：regretted。 【点评】此题考查汉译英单词翻译，在熟知所给汉语的英语翻译的基础上，正确拼写出单词，注意结合语法变换词的形式，便可得出正确答案。 选择题。一、阅读理解。第一节，阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 24．（8分）Knowing the city by walking From July 2022 to July 2023，city walkers in China together covered over 320，000 kilometers.That's like circling Earth 8 times. Top five popular cities in China for city walking 1st：Shanghai 2nd：Beijing Ages of the city walkers under 16：15% 16﹣18：2% 19﹣28：50% 29﹣33：29% over 34：4% 3rd：Xiamen 4th：Qingdao 5th：Guiyang Three main reasons for city walking •To reduce stress •To know a city better •To have a cheaper way to travel （1）Which is the most popular city for city walking？ 　B　 A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Guiyang. D．Xiamen. （2）Half of the city walkers are aged 　B　. A．16﹣18 B．19﹣28 C．29﹣33 D．34﹣50 （3）One of the main reasons for city walking is to 　D　. A．circle Earth B．make more money C．keep popular D．know a city better （4）In which part of the magazine can we read the text？ 　A　 A．Travel. B．Art. C．Technology. D．History. 【分析】本文主要介绍了中国五大最受欢迎的城市步行以及步行的人群和步行的理由。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"1st：Shanghai"（第一名：上海）可知，上海是最受欢迎的，故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据"19﹣28：50%"可知，一半的人是19岁到28岁，故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据"Three main reasons for city walking•To reduce stress.To know a city better•To have a cheaper way to travel"（城市步行的三个主要原因减轻压力。更好地了解一个城市以更便宜的方式旅行）可知，理由之一是为了更好地了解这个城市，故选D。 （4）推理判断题。根据"Top five popular cities in China for city walking"（中国最受欢迎的五个城市）可知，介绍了5个适合步行的城市，推测与旅行相关，故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 25．（8分） A student came to his teacher and asked him，""Sir，I have a question.How many friends should a person have﹣one or many？" "It is very simple，"the teacher answered."Get me that red apple from the highest branch（树枝）of the tree." The student looked up and said，"It's too high!I can't reach it." "Ask a friend.Maybe he can help，"the teacher suggested. The student called another student and stood on his shoulders to reach the branch. "I still can't reach it，sir."said the student sadly after the first try. "Don't you have more friends？"the teacher smiled. The student asked more friends to come over.They stood on each other's shoulders，trying to make a human pyramid（金字塔）.But the apple was so high that they couldn't go higher and the pyramid fell.The student still couldn't reach the apple.Then one of the friends went home，brought a ladder（梯子）and the student finally picked the apple. After getting the apple，the teacher asked，"So，do you understand how many friends a person needs？" "I do，"the student said."Many，so together we can work out any problem." "Well，"the teacher said，"of course you need as many friends as you can.However，among all of these friends there should be at least one smart friend finding out that you needed a ladder!" （1）What is the student's question？ 　C　 A.How can we make friends？ B.How do we work together？ C.How many friends should one have？ D.How many apples can each one pick？ （2）To answer the student's question，the teacher 　A　. A.gave a task B.set up a club C.told a story D.made a speech （3）How did the student finally pick the apple？ 　C　 A.By climbing the tree himself. B.By making a human pyramid. C.By using a ladder from a friend. D.By standing on a teacher's shoulders. （4）What can we learn from the lesson？ 　D　 A.A friend is a second self. B.The more friends，the better. C.A good teacher is a good friend. D.Try to make more smart friends. 【分析】本文主要讲述了一位老师通过让学生想办法摘到高处的苹果这一事例，启发教育他不仅要结交尽可能多的朋友，并且还要尽可能多结交聪明、有智慧又好的朋友的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段A student came to his teacher and asked him，""Sir，I have a question.How many friends should a person have﹣one or many？"（一个学生来到老师面前问他："老师，我有一个问题。一个人应该有多少朋友——一个还是多个？"）可知，一个学生问老师"一个人应该有多少朋友？"。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段 "It is very simple，"the teacher answered."Get me that red apple from the highest branch（树枝）of the tree."（"这很简单，"老师回答。"给我从最高的树枝上摘下那个红苹果。"）可知，为了回答学生的问题，老师给学生布置了一个任务﹣﹣从最高的树枝上摘苹果。故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据第八段Then one of the friends went home，brought a ladder（梯子）and the student finally picked the apple.（然后有一个朋友回家，拿来了梯子，然后学生最终摘到了苹果。）可知，最后一个学生用朋友送的梯子才摘到了苹果。故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段of course you need as many friends as you can.However，among all of these friends there should be at least one smart friend finding out that you needed a ladder!（人当然需要尽可能多的朋友。然而，在所有的朋友中，至少应该有一个聪明的朋友明白你需要这么一个梯子！）可知，我们应试着交更多聪明的朋友。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 26．（8分） The world is in great need of fresh water （淡水）.About 97% of water on Earth is salt water.Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers，lakes and the underground.The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger，so we need more and more fresh water.Now water shortage （短缺） becomes a big problem.And people are trying their best to find more ways to get fresh water. Then what can we do about it？Scientists have found some ways to turn salt water into fresh water.One important way is to boil （煮沸） sea water at a high temperature.In this way，we can make a lot of fresh water.But it often costs too much.And heating is not the only way to get fresh water. People also have other ways，such as digging deep wells，keeping rainwater and protecting rivers from being polluted. Which way is better？I think to get the most fresh water with the least money is the best.And most importantly，everyone should take part in saving water.And it's not difficult.We should just try not to waste any water in our everyday life. （1）The fresh water people can drink comes from the following places EXCEPT 　A　. A.the sea B.rivers C.the underground D.lakes （2）How many ways can we have to get fresh water according to the passage？ 　D　 A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. （3）From this passage，we know that 　D　. A.it's easy to get fresh water B.we have enough fresh water to use C.fresh water can be found in many factories D.we need more and more fresh water （4）What's the main idea of the passage ？ 　A　 A.The ways to get fresh water. B.How to tell the difference between salt water and fresh water. C.Salt water is very important. D.It's easy to get fresh water. 【分析】短文主要讨论了全球淡水资源短缺的问题，指出地球上大约97%的水是盐水，人类只能利用剩余的淡水。随着人口增长，淡水需求增加，水短缺成为一个大问题。科学家们已经找到一些将海水转化为淡水的方法，如高温煮沸，但成本高昂。此外，还有其他方法如挖深井、收集雨水和保护河流免受污染。作者认为，用最少的钱获得最多的淡水是最好的方法，并强调每个人都应该参与节约用水，在日常生活中尽量避免浪费水。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文中第1段：About 97% of water on Earth is salt water.Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers，lakes and the underground.（地球上大约97%的水是盐水。人类只能饮用或使用来自河流、湖泊和地下的剩余部分。）可知，人们可以饮用的除了来自大海以外的淡水。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据文中第2段：One important way is to boil （煮沸） sea water at a high temperature.（一个重要的方法是高温煮沸海水。）和第3段：People also have other ways，such as digging deep wells，keeping rainwater and protecting rivers from being polluted.（人们也有其他方法，如挖深井，保持雨水和保护河流不受污染。）可知，根据文章，我们有4种方法可以得到淡水。故选D。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中第1段：The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger，so we need more and more fresh water.（世界人口越来越多，所以我们需要越来越多的淡水。）可知，我们需要越来越多的淡水。故选D。 （4）主旨大意题。根据文中第1段：.Now water shortage （短缺） becomes a big problem.And people are trying their best to find more ways to get fresh water.（人们正在尽最大努力寻找更多的方法来获取淡水。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要说的是获取淡水的方法。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 27．（8分） Artificial intelligence（AI）can now do amazing things.ChatGPT is an AI that can answer questions，tell stories，and do much more.But it's very"thirsty"，said a new study. When ChatGPT works，its "home"﹣﹣data（数据）centers around the world﹣produces a large amount of heat.Just like when we run or do something active，our bodies get hot.The same happens to the computers in data centers.Workers then have to use water to cool them down.Cold water goes into pipes（管道）near the computers at these centers.Because the computers are very hot，the water turns into vapor（水蒸气）and goes into the air.The water needs to be super clean.If they use sea water，it can eat away the pipes. If you ask ChatGPT 20 to 50 questions，it needs to"drink"a 500﹣milliliter bottle of water.When scientists trained ChatGPT，it used 700，000 liters of water，said the study.This is the amount that is needed to make about 370 cars. ChatGPT is not the only one that needs data centers.Everything you do on the Internet needs data centers to work.There are more than 8，000 data centers in the world，said a report in 2021.Between 2022 and 2023，the number of super data centers increased by 30%，reaching a record 1400. The number is still growing.If AI keeps using a lot of water，we may have to"fight" with AI for water. （1）What is used to cool down the computers？ 　D　 A.Hot water. B.Waste water. C.Sea water. D.Cold clean water. （2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ 　D　 A.AI can do a lot of things. B.AI helps make lots of cars. C.AI needs data centers to work. D.AI uses a lot of water when working. （3）What can we infer（推断） from the last paragraph？ 　D　 A.People will be stopped from wasting water. B.AI will be replaced by other new technology. C.Data centers won't need to be cooled down any more. D.People should control the number of data centers to save water. （4）Which of the following would be the best title？ 　C　 A.A new invention B.A more powerful AI C.Thirsty computers D.The history of computers 【分析】本文主要介绍了人工智能助手ChatGPT在执行任务时对水的巨大消耗，如果持续大量使用水资源，人类可能与人工智能争夺水资源了。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Workers then have to use water to cool them down.Because the computers are very hot，the water turns into vapor（水蒸气）and goes into the air.The water needs to be super clean.（工人们不得不用水给它们降温。因为电脑很热，水变成水蒸气进入空气中。水需要超级干净。）可知，工人们用非常干净的水给计算机降温。故选D。 （2）段落大意题。根据第三段When scientists trained ChatGPT，it used 700，000 liters of water，said the study.（该研究称，当科学家训练ChatGPT时，它使用了70万升水。）可知，人工智能工作的时候需要大量的水。故选D。 （3）推理判断题。根据最后一段The number is still growing.If AI keeps using a lot of water，we may have to"fight" with AI for water.（这一数字仍在增长。如果人工智能继续大量使用水，我们可能不得不与人工智能"争夺"水。）可知，人们应该控制数据中心的数量来节约用水。故选D。 （4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段The number is still growing.If AI keeps using a lot of water，we may have to"fight" with AI for water.（这一数字仍在增长。如果人工智能继续大量使用水，我们可能不得不与人工智能"争夺"水。）以及全文信息可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能助手ChatGPT在执行任务时对水的巨大消耗，如果持续大量使用水资源，人类可能与人工智能争夺水资源了，因此本文的最佳标题为"饥渴的计算机"。故选C。 【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。 第二节，阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 28．（8分） Chinese opera is one of the oldest art forms in the world.（1）　B　Different parts of China have their own local opera and there are more than 300 different kinds.（2）　E　Actors in Sichuan opera wear specially painted masks（面具）on their faces in many different colours.They will suddenly change completely，and all the time，the actor is dancing beautifully with many difficult movements.Some actors can change face ten times in twenty seconds，and yet you never see their fingers touch their face. Of course，you realize that the actor has many different masks，one on top of the other.They are made from very thin silk in bright colours.If the actor turns his back to you，you think he is changing his mask while you cannot see him doing it.（3）　C　Then he shakes his head suddenly and that mask has changed，like magic，into another one!You cannot believe your eyes，and yet it has happened! To be able to change the masks without being seen is a very special skill.It takes much time to learn it perfectly.The exact method used by the actors is a closely guarded secret that is only passed on from father to son or master to apprentice （学徒） .As China's influence develops around the world，Chinese culture travels too.（4）　D　 A．Different colours have different meanings. B．Its history goes back many hundreds of years. C．But when he turns again to face you，it's the same mask. D．This old art form is making new friends all over the world. E．One of the most interesting and exciting forms is Sichuan opera. 【分析】本文主要介绍中国戏剧之一的川剧。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据前文Chinese opera is one of the oldest art forms in the world.（中国戏曲是世界上最古老的艺术形式之一。）可知中国戏曲是世界上最古老的艺术形式之一。选项B"它的历史可以追溯到几百年前。"符合语境，故选B。 （2）细节推理题。根据后文Actors in Sichuan opera wear specially painted masks（面具）on their faces in many different colours.（川剧演员脸上都戴着五颜六色的面具。）可知此处介绍川剧。选项E"最有趣和令人兴奋的形式之一是川剧。"符合语境，故选E。 （3）细节推理题。根据前文They are made from very thin silk in bright colours.If the actor turns his back to you，you think he is changing his mask while you cannot see him doing it.（它们是用非常薄的丝绸做成的，颜色鲜艳。如果演员背对着你，你会认为他在换面具，而你却看不到他在换面具。）可知此处介绍川剧的换脸，选项C"但当他再次面对你时，还是那张面具。"符合语境，故选C。 （4）细节推理题。根据前文As China's influence develops around the world，Chinese culture travels too.（随着中国的影响力在世界范围内的发展，中国文化也在传播。）可知此处介绍中国文化在世界的传播，选项D"这种古老的艺术形式正在世界各地结交新朋友。"符合语境，故选D。 【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。 二、完形填空。阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 29．（10分）Families are important，especially when we are abroad alone.Luckily，I have a lovely host family.It's a（1）　A　family with my host parents and siblings （兄弟姐妹），my host grandparents and the host's uncle and his family. At first，I was（2）　B　the kids would not like me.But（3）　D　they were very friendly and outgoing，especially my sibling Mike.He is 8 years old.On the first day when I arrived，he（4）　C　me to play hockey （曲棍球），soccer and video games with him.The next day，we（5）　A　a trip to the city of Plzen （Pilsen in English）.I played games with him and felt like we became good friends.（6）　D　I couldn't understand what he was saying in Czech （捷克语），so I just answered with some simple words.But he didn't get annoyed and asked my host mother to（7）　B　. My sister Linda was pretty（8）　C　at first.But little by little，she opened up to me.Sometimes，Linda wanted to help me cook，but she actually made it（9）　B　.But I didn't mind，and I even tried to make her laugh. Perhaps this is a big（10）　C　for me because I didn't know how to play with kids before.But now I love kids and I try to be patient with them.I really enjoy staying with my host family.I feel myself at home. （1） A．big B．tiny C．small D．close （2） A．angry B．afraid C．excited D．shocked （3） A．after all B．in my opinion C．without doubt D．to my surprise （4） A．returned B．refused C．invited D．followed （5） A．took B．set C．planned D．won （6） A．Especially B．Exactly C．Instead D．Sometimes （7） A．retell B．translate C．speak D．connect （8） A．pleased B．outgoing C．shy D．noisy （9） A．easier B．harder C．darker D．better （10） A．mistake B．secret C．change D．condition 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在国外寄宿家庭的情况。 【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：这是一个大家庭，有我的寄宿父母和兄弟姐妹，我的寄宿祖父母和寄宿叔叔和他的家人。big大的；tiny微小的；small小的；close近的。根据"with my host parents and siblings （兄弟姐妹），my host grandparents and the host's uncle and his family（和我的寄宿父母和兄弟姐妹，我的主人祖父母和主人的叔叔和他的家人）"可知，这是一个大家庭。故选A。 （2）考查形容词。句意：起初，我担心孩子们不会喜欢我。angry生气的；afraid害怕的；excited激动的；shocked震惊的。根据"But ...they were very friendly and outgoing（但是……他们非常友好和外向）"可知，原本担心孩子们不喜欢我，但他们很友好。故选B。 （3）考查介词短语。句意：但令我惊讶的是，他们非常友好和外向，尤其是我的兄弟迈克。after all毕竟；in my opinion在我看来；without doubt无疑；to my surprise令我惊讶的是。根据"At first，I was ...the kids would not like me.（一开始，我……孩子们不会喜欢我的。）"可知，原本担心孩子们不喜欢我，但他们很友好，这是令我惊讶的。故选D。 （4）考查动词。句意：在我到达的第一天，他邀请我和他一起打曲棍球、足球和电子游戏。returned返回；refused拒绝；invited邀请；followed跟随。根据"they were very friendly and outgoing，especially my sibling Mike.（他们非常友好和外向，尤其是我的兄弟迈克。）"可知，Mike很友好，邀请我一起打曲棍球。故选C。 （5）考查动词。句意：第二天，我们去了普尔森市旅行。took拿走；set设置；planned计划；won赢。take a trip to"去某地旅行"，固定短语。故选A。 （6）考查副词。句意：。有时我听不懂他用捷克语说了什么，所以我就用一些简单的话回答。Especially尤其；Exactly确切地；Instead相反；Sometimes有时。根据"...I couldn't understand what he was saying in Czech （捷克语），so I just answered with some simple words.（我听不懂他用捷克语在说什么，所以我就简单地回答了他。）"可知，有时候我听不懂捷克语，就用简单的话回答。故选D。 （7）考查动词。句意：但他并没有生气，而是让我的寄宿妈妈帮我翻译。retell号召；translate翻译；speak讲话；connect连接。根据"I couldn't understand what he was saying in Czech"可知，我听不懂他用捷克语说了什么，所以让妈妈翻译。故选B。 （8）考查形容词。句意：我妹妹琳达一开始很害羞。pleased高兴的；outgoing外向的；shy害羞的；noisy吵闹的。根据"But little by little，she opened up to me.（但渐渐地，她向我敞开了心扉。）"可知，原本她很害羞，后来向我敞开心扉了。故选C。 （9）考查副词。句意：有时，琳达想帮我做饭，但她反而让我更难做饭了。easier更容易的；harder更难的；darker更黑暗的；better更好的。根据"Linda wanted to help me cook，but she actually made it ...（琳达想帮我做饭，但实际上是她做的……）"可知，她想帮我做饭，但让做饭更难了。故选B。 （10）考查名词。句意：也许这对我来说是一个很大的变化，因为我以前不知道如何和孩子们一起玩。mistake错误；secret秘密；change变化；condition条件。根据"because I didn't know bow to play with kids before（因为我以前不知道怎么和孩子们玩）"可知，以前我不会和小孩玩，所以现在和寄宿家庭的孩子相处的很好是我的变化。故选C。 【点评】解答完形填空题需要快速阅读全文，了解文章大意，再带着选项去读，边读边做，注意联系上下文。 三、语篇填空。阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通颖、连贯。 30．（10分） Red is the color of China.Among all the colors，red is most easily seen.The color red is fresh and joyful.And in China we call it " China Red ".Chinese people（1）　are attracted　 （attract） by the color red.On the one hand，it makes people feel（2）　excited　（excite）.On the other hand，it has rich meaning in Chinese culture and history. No country in the world has ever used a color in such a way as China.Here，red is a symbol.It gives color to the spirit of the nation.In the past，red stood（3）　for　 seriousness and mystery.Even now，Chinese people love the color much more than others do.It can be said that"China Red"is an everlasting（水恒的） theme for China.It is（4）　an　important color for Chinese people.So far， " China Red"（5）　has become　（ become） a very popular phrase，attracting the world's attention. Finding red﹣colored things in China is very easy，as you can see the color everywhere.（6）　Traditional　（tradition） things such as Chinese knots，lanterns and paper cutting are almost all red.Most importantly，red is the main color of China's national flag.They all play special（7）　roles　（ role） in China. Red is the color of luck，health，（8）　happiness　 （ happy），peace and wealth.Only real things and events can fully show the real beauty of red.The color can be alive only when it's connected with people. Red is more than just a color in China.It also carries the ancient history（9）　and　culture of the Chinese nation. "China Red" is filled with mysterious charm（ 魅力 ）beyond description and it is right here in China waiting for you（10）　to feel　（feel） and discover! 【分析】本文介绍了红色在中国的特殊意义。 【解答】（1）考查动词时态及语态。句意：中国人被红色所吸引。结合by the color red（被红色）及语境可知，句子时态是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构be done，结合主语 people，空缺处应填are attracted，故填：are attracted。 （2）考查形容词。句意：一方面，它让人感到兴奋。feel excited感到兴奋；空缺处应填形容词形式excited，故填：excited。 （3）考查介词。句意：在过去，红色代表严肃和神秘。stand for代表；结合语境，空缺处应填for，故填：for。 （4）考查冠词。句意：它是中国人的一种重要的颜色。结合空前元音音素开头的单词important及单数名词color，空缺处应填an，故填：an。 （5）考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，"中国红"已经成为一个非常流行的短语，引起了全世界的关注。结合空前So far（到目前为止）可知句子时态是现在完成时，其结构has/have done，主语" China Red"（中国红）单数形式，空缺处应填has become，故填：has become。 （6）考查形容词。句意：中国结、灯笼和剪纸等传统事物几乎都是红色的。结合空后名词things，作为句首首字母要大写，空缺处应填形容词形式Traditional，故填：Traditional。 （7）考查名词复数。句意：它们在中国都扮演着特殊的角色。结合空前all ，空缺处应填名词复数形式roles，故填：roles。 （8）考查名词。句意：红色是幸运、健康、幸福、和平和财富的颜色。空缺处应填名词形式happiness与空前名词luck，health和空后名词peace ，wealth并列，故填：happiness。 （9）考查连词。句意：它还承载着中华民族的古老历史和文化。结合空前history和空后culture，空缺处应填and表示并列关系，故填：and。 （10）考查动词不定式。句意："中国红"充满了难以形容的神秘魅力，它就在中国这里等着你去感受和发现！空缺处应填动词不定式to feel表示目的，故填：to feel。 【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。 四、阅读与表达。阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 31．（10分） What kind of people should be respected？The older experienced people or the younger ones？Let's have a lock at what Confucius，one of the greatest teachers in ancient China，said in The Analects of Confucius（《论语》）."A youth is to be regarded with respect.How do we know that his future will not be equal to our present？If he reaches the age of forty or fifty，and has not made himself heard of，then indeed he will not be worth being regarded with respect." When Confucius was traveling.he came across three children，two of whom wen playing happily，but the other was standing next to him.He thought it was strange， "so he walked up and asked the boy."Why don't you play with them？" The kid replied， "Violent（暴力的）fighting can take a man's life，too much pulling and tugging（拽） at each other can also cause injury（伤害）.To say the least，they may even tear the clothes.It doesn't do any good，so I don't want to play with them.Do you think it is strange？" After a while，the child made a castle of mud and sat by himself inside for a long time.He did not come out，nor did he make way for Confucius who was about to leave. Confucius asked him why he did not stay away from the carriage（四轮马车）.He said. "I only heard that the carriage must bypass（绕过）the castle.Never heard that a castle should bypass a carriage. " Hearing this.Confucius was very surprised.Such a young child could say such a reasonable thing.It was awesome. Confucius had high hopes for young people.In his eyes，people of different ages have different advantages.The older people may have many important experiences which should be learned by young people.And the young people are always full of energy and creativity.So they should be respected and learned from，too.In fact，Confucius didn't like the older people who acted like they knew everything but didn't help society. （1）Why didn't the boy play with the other two？ 　To avoid getting hurt.　 （2）How did Confucius feel after he heard the boy's answer according to Paragraph 4？ 　He felt surprised.　 （3）What does Confucius think of the young people？ 　They are always full of energy and creativity and they should be learned from.　 （4）As a young man，what advantages do you think you have？What will you do to help our society？Write 30 words or more. 　As a young man，I'm quick﹣minded and have a strong body，I'm open to new things，so I will study hard and use what I have learnt to help our society.For example，I'll join an environmental group or go to the countryside to teach the children there.　 【分析】本文讲述了中国古代最伟大的老师之一孔子在旅途中遇到三个小孩，其中两个玩得很开心，另一个站在旁边和他与小男孩的对话以及讲述了在孔子眼里，不同年龄的人有不同的优势。老年人可能有许多重要的经验，年轻人应该学习。年轻人总是充满活力和创造力。所以他们也应该被尊重和学习。事实上，孔子不喜欢老年人表现得好像他们什么都知道，但对社会没有帮助。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段When Confucius was traveling.he came across three children，two of whom wen playing happily，but the other was standing next to him.He thought it was strange， "so he walked up and asked the boy."Why don't you play with them？" The kid replied， "Violent（暴力的）fighting can take a man's life，too much pulling and tugging（拽） at each other can also cause injury（伤害）.To say the least，they may even tear the clothes.It doesn't do any good，so I don't want to play with them.Do you think it is strange？"（孔子在旅途中遇到三个小孩，其中两个玩得很开心，另一个站在旁边。他觉得很奇怪，"所以他走上前问那个男孩。"你为什么不和他们一起玩？小孩回答道，"激烈的打斗会夺去一个人的生命，太多的拉扯也会造成伤害。"退一步说，他们甚至会撕破衣服。没有任何好处，所以我不想和他们玩。你觉得奇怪吗？"）可知，这个男孩不和另外两个一起玩是以免受伤。故答案为：To avoid getting hurt. （2）细节理解题。根据第四段Confucius asked him why he did not stay away from the carriage（四轮马车）.He said. "I only heard that the carriage must bypass（绕过）the castle.Never heard that a castle should bypass a carriage. " Hearing this.Confucius was very surprised.Such a young child could say such a reasonable thing.It was awesome.（孔子问他为什么不远离马车。他说。"我只听说马车必须绕过城堡。从来没听说过城堡要绕过马车。"听到这个。孔子非常惊讶。这么小的孩子能说出这么有道理的话。太棒了。）可知，根据第四段，孔子听到男孩的回答后感到惊讶。故答案为：He felt surprised. （3）细节理解题。根据第五段Confucius had high hopes for young people.In his eyes，people of different ages have different advantages.The older people may have many important experiences which should be learned by young people.And the young people are always full of energy and creativity.So they should be respected and learned from，too.In fact，Confucius didn't like the older people who acted like they knew everything but didn't help society.（孔子对年轻人寄予厚望。在他眼里，不同年龄的人有不同的优势。老年人可能有许多重要的经验，年轻人应该学习。年轻人总是充满活力和创造力。所以他们也应该被尊重和学习。事实上，孔子不喜欢老年人表现得好像他们什么都知道，但对社会没有帮助。）可知，孔子认为年轻人总是充满活力和创造力，应该向他们学习。故答案为：They are always full of energy and creativity and they should be learned from. （4）主观表达题。根据题干As a young man，what advantages do you think you have？What will you do to help our society？（作为一个年轻人，你认为自己有什么优势？你会做什么来帮助我们的社会？）可知，作为一个年轻人，我思维敏捷，身体强壮，对新事物持开放态度，所以我会努力学习，用我所学到的知识来帮助我们的社会。例如，我会加入一个环保组织，或者去农村教那里的孩子。故答案为：As a young man，I'm quick﹣minded and have a strong body，I'm open to new things，so I will study hard and use what I have learnt to help our society.For example，I'll join an environmental group or go to the countryside to teach the children there. 【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 五、书面表达。 32．（20分）为了增强中学生的安全意识，提高自我保护能力，学校将开展以"安全"为主题的英语演讲比赛.请你根据以下：提示写一篇演讲稿。 注意： （1）词数80﹣100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）演讲稿中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Hello，everyone!______________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening. 【分析】【高分句型一】： First，we ought to eat healthily and safely.首先，我们应该吃得健康安全。ought to do sth表示应该做某事。 【高分句型二】： If we are in danger，we can call the police for help in time.如果我们有危险，我们可以及时报警求助。句子中if引导一个条件状语从句。 【解答】 Hello，everyone!I'm glad to share my ideas about how to keep safe here.As middle school students，we should pay attention to the following to keep safe.（表明写作意图。直接说明安全很重要，就如何保持安全进行分享） First，we ought to eat healthily and safely.【高分句型一】Eating the food that goes bad will do harm to our health.Second，the safety in traffic is also required，so we should obey the traffic rules every day.If we are in danger，we can call the police for help in time.【高分句型二】We also have to be careful about the friends we make with especially online.What's more，we should be careful when we use electricity.Last but not least，it's dangerous to swim in the river alone.In short，safety must come first!（重点介绍如何保持安全） Thanks for listening. 【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$