Unit 5 - Unit 8 期末语法复习（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语五年级下册

5b期末语法练习（U5-U6） 一、动词的现在分词的变化形式 1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ing。如：go—going do—doing 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。如：come—coming live—living 3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：sit-sitting chat-chatting 练习1：写出下列动词的-ing形式。 1. clean ______________ 2. watch _____________ 3. fly______________ 4. make _______________ 5. sweep ______________ 6. sleep_____________ 7. help _______________ 8. eat _______________ 9. wash______________ 10. cook _______________ 11. run _______________ 12. dance____________ 二、现在进行时 1. 含义：表示说话时正在进行的动作。 2. 标志：通常与表示现在的时间连用。now 是现在进行时最常见的时间状语，其他标志词还有 look!, listen! 3. 肯定句：主语 + be动词（am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式（+其他） （eg: He is cooking tomato soup.） 4. 否定句：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not + 动词-ing形式（+其他） （eg: He is not cooking tomato soup.） 5. 一般疑问句：Be动词(Am/Is/Are)+主语+动词-ing形式（+其他）？ （eg: Is he cooking tomato soup?） 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be动词。（eg: Yes, he is.） 否定回答：No, 主语+be动词否定形式 （eg: No, he isn’t.） 6. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be动词（am/is/are）+主语+动词-ing形式（+其他）？ （eg: What is he doing?） *易错点提醒：其中be动词必须与主语的人称和数保持一致。 练习2：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Listen! The girls _________________(sing)in the music room? 2. What _________________(be) Mike's parents doing? 3. My uncle and my aunt _________________(watch) TV in the living room. 4. Jack is _________________(play) computer games in his bedroom. 5. What are you _________________(do)? 6. He _________________(work) in a hospital now. 7. What _________________(be) Lisa's father doing? 8. Don't shout! The baby _________________(sleep). 9. _________________(be) Bobby eating grapes now? 10. Lucy _________________(clean) the blackboard right now. 11. They're _________________ games. Let's _________________ with them. (play) 12. --Listen! Who _________________(dance)? --Alice. 13. --_________________ the boys playing basketball? -No, they _________________(be). 14. --_________________ your mother listening to music? -Yes, she _________________.(be) 练习3：按要求改写句子。 1. My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. (对画线部分提问) _________________ _________________ your mother _________________? 2. I am making a cake. (改为一般疑问句) _________________ _________________ _________________a cake? 3. My brother is sweeping the floor now. (改为否定句) _________________________________________________ 4. My sister listens to music every night. (用 now 改写句子) My sister _________________ _________________ to music _____________. 5. The students are playing football in the playground. (对画线部分提问) _________________ _________________ the students _______________ football? 6. Mary cleans the table. （用now改写句子） Mary __________ __________ the table now. 7. They are doing housework at home.（用she改写句子） She __________ __________ __________ at home. 8. They are cooking meat. （划线部分提问） __________ __________ meat？ 9. Mike and Ben are playing football. （划线部分提问） __________ __________ Mike and Ben __________? 三、感官系动词的用法：主语 + smell/look/sound/taste + 形容词. eg: The music sounds sweet. 四、可数名词复数的变化规律 规则 例子 在词尾直接加s shop – shops; desk – desks  以 s、x、sh、ch结尾的词，在词尾加es bus – buses; box – boxes  以o结尾的词，特殊的四个词加es，其它直接加s tomato – tomatoes; potato – potatoes 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，y 变成i加es  baby – babies; city – cities  以f或fe结尾的词 thief – thieves; shelf – shelves 五、there be句型归纳 1. there be句型表示的是“某处有（存在），某物”，there be句型中的be动词应和其后出现的第一个名词在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。There be后如果接的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，be动词用单数形式： There be后如果接的是可数名词复数，be动词用复数形式。 2.基本句型结构：There be+某人或某物+某地 3. there be句型改为一般疑问句时，把 be动词提至 there前，be动词首字母大写，句末用问号。其他部分保持不变。 *易错点提醒：在疑问句中，some一般要改为any。 其肯定回答为Yes, there is. / Yes, there are. 否定回答为No, there isn't. / No, there aren't. 六、look for和find的区别 look for: 寻找 find: 找到 练习4：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. There ______________(be) some new clothes on the bed. 2. ______________(be) there ______________(some) milk in the fridge? 3. There ______________(be) three ______________(tomato) on the table. 4. There is some ______________(meat) in the fridge. 5. There ______________(be not) ______________(some) pests. 6. He can't _____(cook) any Chinese food. 7. They are __________(make) a fruit salad. 8. __________ (be) the elephants drinking water? 9. -Let's __________(wash) some __________(tomato). -OK. 10. Liu Tao wants some __________(potato) soup. 练习5：根据首字母提示填空。 1. There is a football g_____ in our school. 2. -V_____ and fruit are good for our health. We should eat more. -That's true. 3. Let's help Nancy 1_____ f_____ her English book. 4. -I like eating fish. It's so y_____. 5b期末语法练习（U7-U8） 七、国内传统节日 festival的意思是“节日”， 多指民俗或宗教节日，用作专有名词时，前面可加上the。在这个单元中出现了很多节日名称，有的节日名称前用了定冠词the，有的节日名称前则没有the 。一般来说，在由festival构成的我国传统节日名称前用the。 八、时间/地点介词 地点 介词 时间 大地点（国家、城市） in 长时间（＞一天或早上/下午/晚上） 在...表面，和表面接触（街道） on 和某天有（on Monday/on Monday morning） 小地点（公交车站、电影院） at 短时间（at 8: 00） 九、festival & day & holiday 1. festival更强调具有传统意义的节日，在这些节日里，人们会举行庆祝活动。 2. 一般来说，为国际特定人群设定的节日用Day，有着纪念的感情色彩。 3. 不用上班(上学)的日子，我们要用holiday。 4. 表示“在”某个节日，如果后面是festival，通常用at；如果后面是day，则用on。 十、give sb. sth. 意为“送某人某物”，等同于“give sth. to sb.”。 eg: give me that basket = give that basket to me 练习6：中译英。 春节 元宵节 端午节 中秋节 重阳节 清明节 人们在端午节吃粽子。 儿童节在六月。 在春天，天气很温暖。 中国的国庆节在十月一日。 母亲节在五月的第二个星期天。 他总是在简Helen的生日时给她送花。（两种表达方式） He _____ _____ Helen _____ _____ her Birthday. He _____ _____ _____ _____ Helen _____ her birthday. 十一、序数词的用法。 1. 基数词变序数词： one---first (1st) two---second (2nd) three---third (3rd) four---fourth (4th) five---fifth (5th) six---sixth (6th) seven---seventh (7th) eight---eighth (8th) nine---ninth (9th) ten---tenth (10th) eleven---eleventh (11th) twelve---twelfth (12th) thirteen--- thirteenth(13th) fourteen---fourteenth (14th) fifteen---fifteenth (15th) sixteen---sixteenth (16th) seventeen---seventeenth (17th) eighteen---eighteenth (18th) nineteen---nineteenth (19th) twenty---twentieth (20th) twenty-one--- twenty-first (21st) twenty-two---twenty-second (22nd) twenty-three---twenty-third (23rd) thirty-one---thirty-first (31st) thirty-two---thirty-second (32nd) thirty-three---thirty-third (33rd) 2. 序数词在使用时，一般加上定冠词the。 eg: the first book / the second floor/ the third floor/ the fourth day 3. 用序数词表示日期的时候，需要注意使用正确的介词，并需要关注日期的读法。 eg: Spring Festival is in January or February. 春节在一月或者二月。(表示一段时间) Halloween is on October 31st. 万圣节在10月31日。（表示在某一天） the thirty-first of October = October the thirsty-first 10月31日 练习7：用合适的序数词填空。 1. The Children's Day is on the _____ of June. 2. Mother's Day is on the _____ Sunday of May. 3. Tuesday is the _____ day of a week. 4. The _____ month in a year is May. 5.Women's Day is on the _____ of March. 6. September is the _____ month of a year. 7. Tree Planting Day is on the _____ of March. 十二、also & too & either 1. 相同点：都表示“也”。 2. 不同点： also多放在主要动词前面，或系动词be的后面。 too多用于句尾。一般不用于否定句。 在否定句中，不能用too，需要用either。 eg: I am also a student. I am a student to. We don’t like robots either. 十三、start 的用法 start doing sth 意为“开始做某事”。 eg: start reading books 开始读书 十四、be good at = do well in 擅长 两个词组意思相同，后面都可以接名词或动词-ing形式。 eg: I am good at climbing. = I do well in climbing. I am good at English = I do well in English. 语法专项训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1.-_____________ in the bedroom? -There are two beds. A. What's B.What C. How many ( ) 2.-_____________ my new dress? -It's beautiful. A. What's B.How's C. Who's ( ) 3.-Do you like eating _____________? -Yes. I like eating ______________ too. A. fruit; vegetable B. fruit; vegetables C. fruits; vegetable ( ) 4. _____________ you cooking? -Yes, I _____________. A. Am; are B. Do; do C. Are; am ( ) 5. The meat with potatoes _____________ nice. A. smell B.smells C.smelling ( ) 6. How many _____________ does he wash? -Only one. A. dishs B. dishes C.dish ( ) 7. Tom _____________ every day. Look! He _____________ now. A. swims; is swimming B. swims; swimming C. swim; isn't swimming 二、完形填空。 It is Sunday afternoon. My friends and I ______1______ in the park. There are many ______2______ in the park. Look! The girl in red is _____3_______ butterflies. Some boys are _____4_______ basketball. There are some _______5_____ on the river. Some _____6_______ are ______7______ the boat. In the river, there _____8_______ a fat man and some fish. They are _____9_______. All of them are very _____10_______. ( )1. A.am B.are C. do ( )2. A. peoples B.person C. people ( )3. A. catches B. catch C. catching ( )4. A.plays B. playing C. playing ( )5. A.boats B. boat C. boating ( )6. A.woman B.women C. womans ( )7. A. row B. rowing C. rows ( )8. A. is B. are C. am ( )9. A. dancing B. skating C. swimming ( )10. A. sad B. clever C. happy 三、根据中文或首字母提示填空。 1. Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of M________. 2. J________ comes before February. 3. Halloween is on the thirty-first of O________. 4. We ________(叫作) it the Mid-Autumn Festival. 5. It’s on the ________(第三) of January. 四、从方框中选择合适的句子完成对话，其中有一项是多余的。 A: 1. ________A. Your birthday is on Children's Day. B. What's your favourite season, Peter? C. Why do you like it? D. I'm happy to hear that. E. It's on the first of June. F. I like watching the flowers grow in this season. B: Spring. 2. ________ A: What festival do you like best? B: The Spring Festival. A: 3. ________ B: Because I can wear new clothes and visit my friends. A: When's your birthday? B: 4. ________ A: Oh, really? 5. ________ What a nice birthday! 五、阅读理解。 (A) Today is Children's Day, and it's also Bob's birthday. But his father is not at home because he works far away from home. Bob knows he can get a birthday present from his father, but he does not know what the present is. His mother knows. “What can I get, Mum?” Bob asks. “Guess! The present can tell you a story,” says Mum. “Is it a mobile phone?” “No. The present can dance for you.” “Is it a robot?” “No. It can keep you warm in winter.” “Is it an air conditioner?” “No. Just a minute. And then you will know it.” Just then, the doorbell rings. Bob opens the door. There is a man at the door. He is smiling. “Dad!”shouts Bob. He is so happy. He knows what the present is. 阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。 ( )1. Bob's birthday is on the first of June. ( )2. Bob's father usually stays at home. ( )3. Bob's mother likes telling stories to him. ( )4. Bob asks four questions about the present. ( )5. Bob gets the answer finally. (B) It is Mama Mouse's birthday. Little Mouse buys her a cake at the bakery. On the way home, Little Mouse walks along a lake. He falls over and the cake splashes(泼洒) into the water. When he gets home, Little Mouse tells Mama Mouse about that. He says sadly, “I go to the bakery and buy you a cake. I fall over and your cake falls into the lake. I cry as I watch it go floating(漂浮) away. I don't have a present for you today.” Mama Mouse smiles and says,“You give me a nice present, Little Mouse.” “Do I?”says Little Mouse. “Yes. I get a poem from you. A nice birthday poem. Thank you, Little Mouse!” 阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 ( )1. We can buy ________ in a bakery. A. new clothes B. fresh fruit C. nice bread and cakes ( )2. Little Mouse goes to the bakery because ________today. A. he likes cakes B. it's his birthday C. it's his mum's birthday ( )3. Little Mouse goes back home ________. A. by bus B. by bike C. on foot ( )4. The underlined word “poem” means “________” in Chinese. A. 诗；韵文 B. 笑话 C. 绕口令 ( )5. From the reading, we can guess Little Mouse may feel ________at last. A. sad B. afraid C. happy 句子结构： 主+谓 ①主语做了某种动作；谓语动词为实义动词且后面无宾语 eg：My hands hurt. 主+谓+宾 ①主语对宾语做了某个动作；谓语动词为实义动词，后面有宾语作为动作的对象 eg：I eat an apple. 主+系+表 ①表明主语的状态或特征；谓语动词为系动词，没有具体动作 eg：It is an apple. 主+谓+双宾 ①表明主语把某物给了某人；一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语 eg：He gives me an apple. 主+谓+宾+补 ①表明主语让宾语陷入某种状态；谓语动词为实义动词 eg: Eating apples keeps me healthy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$