精品解析：河南省洛阳市第一高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题

洛阳一高2024—2025学年高三(上)第一次综合检测 英语 考生注意： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚; 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效; 3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to American United Travel Company. We’ll help you spend a perfect holiday. For over 6 years, we have been organizing value for money summer holidays, whether it’s a late holiday deal or your main summer holiday. Whether you’re looking for a romantic getaway, a luxury 5-star holiday, or you just want to relax and soak up the sun, we’ve got access to the very best flight and hotel deals throughout the world. We are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism. Our Services Include Tours. Meet & Assist Services. Airport Transfer. MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conferences, Exhibitions) private Jets. Ground handling (24 hours) VIP services on arrival & departure. Adventure Tour. Means of Transportation Reservations We operate for all means of transportation available in the country, starting with buses for groups to car rental to individuals. Guidance We have the most qualified guides who speak French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish. We bank on their communication skills as well as their knowledge in various fields. Fancy Dinners We prepare outdoor dinners in particular places such as castles, beaches, old and traditional houses, etc. Usually, these dinners are arranged according to the clients’ choices. Luggage Concierge Don’t worry about luggage size and weight when travelling. Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive. Call one of our experienced travel consultants on 18884700610 to secure one of these fantastic deals. 1. What is special about United Travel company? A. It provides one-stop complete tourism. B. It supplies the best flight and hotels. C. It offers transfer service. D. Its guides speak various languages. 2. What can you do with your luggage before travelling? A. Send it to your destination directly. B. Carry it by yourself. C. Keep it as light as possible. D. Hand it to Luggage Concierge. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To diversify the economy. B. To attract tourists. C. To conserve the environment. D. To entertain readers. B It felt as if we had been climbing for hours. I stopped to catch my breath as a wave of dizziness swept over me in the thin mountain air. I was on an amazing trip with my family to experience the festival of Qoyllur Riti, which takes place at 4,300 meters high in the southern Andes of Peru. As I looked back down the trail we had climbed, and up towards where we had to go, the colorful sight struck me a lot. Entire families wearing local costumes were travelling to this unique festival from all over Peru. Among them were old men, mothers with small babies and children all following the same route. Many of them had horses and donkeys carry their food, blankets, cooking pots and tents. Others had made their way on foot through the mountains for days to attend this remarkable event. We continued climbing upward for another hour and a half before reaching the Sinakara Valley. Right across this flat piece of ground people were putting up shelters and tents to protect themselves from the freezing mist and rain. It was clear, however, from the sound of the drums and singing rising from the campsite that the weather was not going to weaken the festival spirit. The air of excitement, even from our place more than a mile away, was palpable. After dinner, we went to bed fully clothed inside our sleeping bags. We were up early the next morning, the main day of the festival, despite having slept badly on the frozen ground. The ukukus, men wearing black masks and costumes, had left the campsite in the early hours to climb the nearest mountain by the light of the full moon. From time to time during the procession, they stopped to dance on the glaciers, believing this would bring luck to their villages for the year to come. In the dawn light, we watched them winding their way back down like a large black snake. As they descended, they were joined by groups of dancers in bright traditional costumes. They performed wherever there was space. Although there did not seem to be anyone organizing them or any timetable, the whole festival had become a huge harmonious celebration. 4. What do we know about family’s climb up and down the trail? A. They were too tired to enjoy the sight. B. They regretted extremely taking the trip. C. They were fascinated by the scenes there. D. They were greeted warmly by local people. 5. The underlined word in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______. A. suitable B. endurable C. noticeable D. understandable 6. What can be inferred from the festival participants? A. They were all dressed in plain clothes. B. They were determined to reach the festival. C. They only continued their journey during daylight hours. D. They performed dances to demonstrate their traditional costumes. 7. Where is this text most likely from? A. A health report. B. A sports newspaper. C. A fashion forum. D. A culture magazine. C Earlier this month, an opinion study said about 75 percent of the French public want to ban bullfighting (斗牛). But a small group of supporters say it is a tradition that should continue. Baptiste is a 16-year-old boy training to be a bullfighter who lives in Arles, a town in southern France. He says opponents do not understand bullfighting. “Bullfighting is a tradition, an art, a dance with the bull,” Baptiste said. He is one of 12 students in Arles learning how to fight bulls. Opponents wonder how it can be called “an art” when an innocent animal is killed in the end. During a recent protest march, one sign read: “Bullfighting is not a fight; it’s the killing of a tortured (折磨) innocent.” Aymeric Caron is a French lawmaker who sent a bill to Parliament that would ban bullfighting. It is currently being debated. He said some parts of France permit bullfighting as long as fewer than 1,000 bulls are killed each year. Just because it is a tradition, he said, does not “morally justify a practice”. Other lawmakers in Caron’s party are not supporting his bill, so it is unlikely to pass. But the news of the anti-bullfighting proposal started a discussion throughout France. Frederic Pastor oversees the bullfights in the city of Nimes. He said the bull is “glorified (给予荣耀)” during the fight although it is killed. Nimes is home to 14 bullfighting shows each year. They bring in over $60 million to the city. Tiphanie Senmartin Laurent is one of the protesters. She said most people are against bullfighting. “Torture is not a show,” she said. Spain is considered the place where bullfighting began. People there are also questioning the practice. Bullfighting was banned in the Spanish province of Catalonia in 2010 but later brought back. A major court in Spain called the practice a “cultural asset”. That means it is considered a tradition that has value. A new proposal on animal safety in Spain does not discuss bulls. 8. What can be known about Baptiste from paragraph 2? A. He is expert in bullfighting. B. He is far from opposed to bullfighting. C. He comes from a northern French town. D. He doesn’t understand why bullfighting becomes a tradition. 9. Which may Aymeric Caron agree with about bullfighting? A. It is sort of an art. B. It means a lot of harm to the innocent animal. C. It is a symbol of culture in Spain. D. It makes humans know more about the bull. 10 What did Aymeric Caron’s bill lead to actually? A. Bullfighting’s being banned. B. The public’s interest in the sport. C. A national discussion on bullfighting. D The higher frequency of bullfighting shows in France. 11 Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bullfighting Is Increasingly Popular in France B. Challenges Faced by Bullfighting C. The Rise and Fall of Bullfighting D. France Considers a Ban on Bullfighting D Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading. Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a vital skill that means we can predict other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. Reading minds comes so easily to us, though, that we often don’t think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life, we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people’s minds. Psychologists refer to the ability to infer other’s mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this ability starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the competence in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. Moreover, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to appear naturally from one’s own learning process. Yet we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind. While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI. It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen, but we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves. 12. Why does the author mention “games” and “protein structures” in the first paragraph? A. To stress how important the science is. B. To promote the use of AI in daily life. C. To present AI’s theory of mind. D. To contrast with AI’s lack of mind reading. 13. According to the passage, which of the following contexts can AI understand well? A. When kids see their mom after hurting themselves and they cry louder. B When a mom tells her kid to eat the food that is good for health and he eats it. C. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework and he answers “my dog ate it”. D. When you are asked to eat spicy food for dinner and you reply “a sore throat”. 14. What may the author agree with? A. We should reject human-like forms of abilities for AI. B. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect. C. Mind reading requires huge amounts of context. D. The theory of mind is independent of one’s learning process. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is Expected B. AI with Theory of Mind Will Reshape Our Future C. AI’s Theory of Mind Is a Blessing or Suffering to Humans D. Theory of Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) There’s no doubt that loneliness hurts. Functional MRIs show that the area of the brain triggered by social rejection is the same area that’s triggered by physical pain. To understand why loneliness hurts, let’s take a closer look at friendship through the eyes of two heavyweight philosophers. In one corner we have Aristotle, who wrote that without friends, there’s no reason to live. The Greek great believed that friendships are based on the virtues of the friend. ____16____ But the problem with Aristotle’s theory is that if you lose some virtues, you should also expect to lose some friends. And that’s not how friendships work — at least not the good ones. ____17____ So as a sharp counterpunch to Aristotle, let’s turn to the renowned Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant, who said that all people have value regardless of their virtues. Since we view our true friends with this kind of unconditional love and respect, we can assume they view us the same way. ____18____ Being away from our friends takes away these life-affirming interactions. Worse, having no friends means our value, or dignity, isn’t being appreciated. ____19____ This may seem obvious, but there’s a catch. Your connection has to be oriented (以……为方向) toward the other person — not in what they can do for you and your loneliness. So say hi to a neighbor, hold the door for someone, or volunteer at the soup kitchen. ____20____ However, they’ll help you feel more connected to the world. And the more of these small steps you take toward connection, the farther away from loneliness you’ll get. A. This may sound fine at first. B. They last through thick and thin. C. This tells us why loneliness hurts. D. These acts may not make you a lifelong friend. E. The more friends you have, the happier you’ll be. F. We feel like we’re not accepted by the people around us. G. Thus, the cure for loneliness can be found in other people. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) In 2019, Thierry Henry, a bus driver, found there was a rise in bike thefts in his city, Reykjavik. Rather than ____21____ that the bike was gone forever, he decided to take matters into his own ____22____. He set out to track down the bikes and return them to their ____23____ owners. The 44-year-old has helped return hundreds of stolen bikes in the past 4 years. His social media account has over 14, 500 members and helps people track down more than just lost bikes. His page ____24____ to people who have lost tools, cars and other items of high value. On top of his ____25____ act, Henry has helped the bike ____26____ to reform in the process. Initially, Henry would deal with the thieves with anger. However, over time, he realized that most of the thefts were driven out of ____27____ and other issues. He went from feeling ____28____ towards the thieves, to developing empathy (同理心) for their situations. It was very tough at first. But Henry decided to try to ____29____ them and just talk to them. From this moment onward, he reached out to the thieves, offering help and _____30_____. After the change in his _____31_____, Henry found that the bike thieves began to often hand back the bikes to him. _____32_____, some former thieves that Henry helped now _____33_____ him in looking for the stolen bikes. “It’s like a _____34_____ that has got bigger and bigger,”. says Henry. “It’s not only me. Many times, someone spots a bike hidden in a bush and takes a picture. Then someone else _____35_____, ‘hey, that’s my bike’.” Thanks to Henry everyone’s looking out. 21. A. admit B. claim C. accept D. realize 22. A. hands B. eyes C. feet D. bodies 23. A. loyal B. honest C. rightful D. careless 24. A. belongs B. extends C. relates D. listens 25. A. cautious B. generous C. fearless D. noble 26. A. owners B. makers C. thieves D. sellers 27. A. hatred B. shame C. passion D. poverty 28. A. regretful B. negative C. guilty D. desperate 29. A. level with B. live with C. side with D. compromise with 30. A. guidance B. inspiration C. cooperation D. investment 31. A. plan B. occupation C. habit D. approach 32. A. Abruptly B. Naturally C. Unwillingly D. Amazingly 33. A. assist B. trust C. engage D. drag 34. A. dream B. snowball C. rainbow D. balloon 35. A. quotes B. writes C. comments D. announces 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Little New Year (Chinese: Xiaonian), usually a week ____36____ the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 2 this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the God ____37____ oversees the moral character of each household. There are numerous customs ____38____ (associate) with honoring the Kitchen God and determining the date of Little New Year. The date of this holiday ____39____ (assign) sometimes according to location, with people in northern China celebrating it on the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month, ____40____ people in southern China celebrating it on the twenty-fourth. In one of ____41____ (distinctive) traditions of the Little New Year is the ____42____ (burn) of a paper image of the Kitchen God, sending the god’s spirit to Heaven ____43____ (report) on the family’s conduct over the past year. The Kitchen God then is welcomed back to ____44____ home through the pasting of a new paper image of him beside the stove. From this vantage point, the Kitchen God will oversee and protect the household for another year. The _____45_____ (offering) to the Kitchen God include pig’s head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是高三学生李华。为激励高三学生，你校布置了以“My Plans for this Summer”为题的文化展板。请你展望未来，写一篇文章参与其中，为展板增色。内容包括： 1. 高中生涯回顾； 2. 你的假期计划。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Plans for this Summer ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the sun dipped below the horizon, casting a warm glow over the animal shelter, Sarah walked through the rows of cages until her eyes landed on a small, trembling dog huddled (蜷缩) in the corner. “I think I’ve found the one, ” Sarah whispered softly to herself as she looked into the dog’s sad eyes. This timid, abandoned dog had no idea that a journey of transformation with friendly people lay in store for him. The shelter staff explained that the dog, named Buddy, had a difficult past and was very shy and scared. Sarah extended a hand, offering a soothing tone, “Hey sweetie, you must have a story to tell, but from now on, you’ve got a buddy in me. ” Bringing Buddy home was just the beginning of their journey, which was rocky at first for him. Everything was strange and new, causing him to hide under furniture and startle at every sound. Therefore, Sarah provided a cozy bed, delicious meals, and most importantly, heaps of love and comfort. Slowly but surely, he started to emerge from his shell, wagging his tail tentatively and gazing at Sarah with a glimmer of hope in his eyes. Under Sarah’s patient and loving guidance, Buddy flourished, even learning tricks and commands, and forming a deep bond with his new owner. The journey of healing turned out to be a success. But Sarah had never expected it would bring about another one. One day, while scrolling through social media, Sarah came across a heartwarming story about dogs being trained to assist children with autism (自闭症). Those children had social communication difficulties and had few facial expressions and gestures. Without hesitation, she inquired about the program and soon, Buddy was enrolled in training to become a certified therapy(治疗) dog. But she was unsure whether Buddy would be comfortable with the new challenge. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their first day at the therapy center was filled with uncertainty. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the weeks progressed, Sarah noticed a remarkable change both in the children and Buddy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 洛阳一高2024—2025学年高三(上)第一次综合检测 英语 考生注意： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚; 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效; 3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to American United Travel Company. We’ll help you spend a perfect holiday. For over 6 years, we have been organizing value for money summer holidays, whether it’s a late holiday deal or your main summer holiday. Whether you’re looking for a romantic getaway, a luxury 5-star holiday, or you just want to relax and soak up the sun, we’ve got access to the very best flight and hotel deals throughout the world. We are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism. Our Services Include Tours. Meet & Assist Services. Airport Transfer. MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conferences, Exhibitions) private Jets. Ground handling (24 hours) VIP services on arrival & departure. Adventure Tour. Means of Transportation Reservations We operate for all means of transportation available in the country, starting with buses for groups to car rental to individuals. Guidance We have the most qualified guides who speak French, English, German, Italian, and Spanish. We bank on their communication skills as well as their knowledge in various fields. Fancy Dinners We prepare outdoor dinners in particular places such as castles, beaches, old and traditional houses, etc. Usually, these dinners are arranged according to the clients’ choices. Luggage Concierge Don’t worry about luggage size and weight when travelling. Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive. Call one of our experienced travel consultants on 18884700610 to secure one of these fantastic deals. 1. What is special about United Travel company? A. It provides one-stop complete tourism. B. It supplies the best flight and hotels. C. It offers transfer service. D. Its guides speak various languages. 2. What can you do with your luggage before travelling? A. Send it to your destination directly. B. Carry it by yourself. C. Keep it as light as possible. D. Hand it to Luggage Concierge. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To diversify the economy. B. To attract tourists. C. To conserve the environment. D. To entertain readers. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“we are proud to offer you various services unlike other tour companies where we offer one-stop shop for complete tourism.”（我们很自豪地为您提供各种服务，不像其他旅游公司，我们提供一站式的完整旅游。）可知，与其他旅行公司不同，美国旅行公司提供一站式完整的旅游服务。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Luggage Concierge 中的内容“Give your bags to Luggage Concierge in advance and they will be waiting for you at your destination when you arrive.”（提前把你的行李交给行李礼宾部，当你到达目的地时，他们会在你的目的地等你。）可知，在旅游前，你可以把行李提前给行李部。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了美国旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服务内容。故这篇文章的目的是在为美国旅游公司做广告宣传，旅游广告的目的是吸引游客。故选B。 B It felt as if we had been climbing for hours. I stopped to catch my breath as a wave of dizziness swept over me in the thin mountain air. I was on an amazing trip with my family to experience the festival of Qoyllur Riti, which takes place at 4,300 meters high in the southern Andes of Peru. As I looked back down the trail we had climbed and up towards where we had to go, the colorful sight struck me a lot. Entire families wearing local costumes were travelling to this unique festival from all over Peru. Among them were old men, mothers with small babies and children all following the same route. Many of them had horses and donkeys carry their food, blankets, cooking pots and tents. Others had made their way on foot through the mountains for days to attend this remarkable event. We continued climbing upward for another hour and a half before reaching the Sinakara Valley. Right across this flat piece of ground people were putting up shelters and tents to protect themselves from the freezing mist and rain. It was clear, however, from the sound of the drums and singing rising from the campsite that the weather was not going to weaken the festival spirit. The air of excitement, even from our place more than a mile away, was palpable. After dinner, we went to bed fully clothed inside our sleeping bags. We were up early the next morning, the main day of the festival, despite having slept badly on the frozen ground. The ukukus, men wearing black masks and costumes, had left the campsite in the early hours to climb the nearest mountain by the light of the full moon. From time to time during the procession, they stopped to dance on the glaciers, believing this would bring luck to their villages for the year to come. In the dawn light, we watched them winding their way back down like a large black snake. As they descended, they were joined by groups of dancers in bright traditional costumes. They performed wherever there was space. Although there did not seem to be anyone organizing them or any timetable, the whole festival had become a huge harmonious celebration. 4. What do we know about family’s climb up and down the trail? A. They were too tired to enjoy the sight. B. They regretted extremely taking the trip. C. They were fascinated by the scenes there. D. They were greeted warmly by local people. 5. The underlined word in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______. A. suitable B. endurable C. noticeable D. understandable 6. What can be inferred from the festival participants? A. They were all dressed in plain clothes. B. They were determined to reach the festival. C. They only continued their journey during daylight hours. D. They performed dances to demonstrate their traditional costumes. 7. Where is this text most likely from? A. A health report. B. A sports newspaper. C. A fashion forum. D. A culture magazine. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍世界上最高的节日，Qoyllur Rit’i这个节日在海拔4300米秘鲁安第斯山脉举行庆祝活动。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。第二段提到“As I looked back down the trail we had climbed, and up towards where we had to go, the colorful sight struck me a lot.”（我回头看了看我们爬过的小路，抬头看了看我们要去的地方，五彩缤纷的景色深深地打动了我。）由此判断，作者一家在爬山的过程中被路上美丽的景色打动了。故选C。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。划线词前文提到“It was clear, however, from the sound of the drums and singing rising from the campsite that the weather was not going to weaken the festival spirit.”（然而，从营地传来的鼓声和歌声中可以清楚地看出，天气不会削弱节日的气氛。）作者在很远的地方都能够听到从营地传出来的鼓声和歌声，说明营地里节日气氛非常明显的可以感受到，在很远的地方都很清晰。A. suitable适合的；B. endurable可忍受的；C. noticeable显而易见的；D. understandable可理解的。C项符合文意，故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。第二段提到“Many of them had horses and donkeys carry their food, blankets, cooking pots and tents. Others had made their way on foot through the mountains for days to attend this remarkable event.”（其中有老人、带着小孩的母亲和孩子，他们都走着同样的路线。他们中的许多人用马和驴驮着食物、毯子、炊具和帐篷。还有一些人花了好几天的时间徒步穿过大山，来参加这个非凡的活动。）很多人为了参加这个活动甚至走了很长时间的路，说明他们是下定决心要来参加这个活动。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。第一段提到“I was on an amazing trip with my family to experience the festival of Qoyllur Riti, which takes place at 4,300 meters high in the southern Andes of Peru.”（我和我的家人在一次奇妙的旅行中体验了在秘鲁安第斯山脉南部4300米高的地方举行的Qoyllur Riti节。）并且根据后文中，作者对于该节日的描写，判断本文讲述的是世界上不同的文化特色，由此判断，本文可能出自于文化杂志。故选D。 C Earlier this month, an opinion study said about 75 percent of the French public want to ban bullfighting (斗牛). But a small group of supporters say it is a tradition that should continue. Baptiste is a 16-year-old boy training to be a bullfighter who lives in Arles, a town in southern France. He says opponents do not understand bullfighting. “Bullfighting is a tradition, an art, a dance with the bull,” Baptiste said. He is one of 12 students in Arles learning how to fight bulls. Opponents wonder how it can be called “an art” when an innocent animal is killed in the end. During a recent protest march, one sign read: “Bullfighting is not a fight; it’s the killing of a tortured (折磨) innocent.” Aymeric Caron is a French lawmaker who sent a bill to Parliament that would ban bullfighting. It is currently being debated. He said some parts of France permit bullfighting as long as fewer than 1,000 bulls are killed each year. Just because it is a tradition, he said, does not “morally justify a practice”. Other lawmakers in Caron’s party are not supporting his bill, so it is unlikely to pass. But the news of the anti-bullfighting proposal started a discussion throughout France. Frederic Pastor oversees the bullfights in the city of Nimes. He said the bull is “glorified (给予荣耀)” during the fight although it is killed. Nimes is home to 14 bullfighting shows each year. They bring in over $60 million to the city. Tiphanie Senmartin Laurent is one of the protesters. She said most people are against bullfighting. “Torture is not a show,” she said. Spain is considered the place where bullfighting began. People there are also questioning the practice. Bullfighting was banned in the Spanish province of Catalonia in 2010 but later brought back. A major court in Spain called the practice a “cultural asset”. That means it is considered a tradition that has value. A new proposal on animal safety in Spain does not discuss bulls. 8. What can be known about Baptiste from paragraph 2? A. He is expert in bullfighting. B. He is far from opposed to bullfighting. C. He comes from a northern French town. D. He doesn’t understand why bullfighting becomes a tradition. 9. Which may Aymeric Caron agree with about bullfighting? A. It is sort of an art. B. It means a lot of harm to the innocent animal. C. It is a symbol of culture in Spain. D. It makes humans know more about the bull. 10. What did Aymeric Caron’s bill lead to actually? A. Bullfighting’s being banned. B. The public’s interest in the sport. C. A national discussion on bullfighting. D. The higher frequency of bullfighting shows in France. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bullfighting Is Increasingly Popular in France B. Challenges Faced by Bullfighting C. The Rise and Fall of Bullfighting D. France Considers a Ban on Bullfighting 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了斗牛运动在法国备受质疑，有议员向议会提出禁止该项运动的提案，反对者和支持者各执一词。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He says opponents do not understand bullfighting. “Bullfighting is a tradition, an art, a dance with the bull,” Baptiste said. He is one of 12 students in Arles learning how to fight bulls.(他说，反对者不了解斗牛。“斗牛是一种传统，一门艺术，是与公牛共舞，”巴普蒂斯特说。他是阿尔勒12名学习如何与公牛搏斗的学生之一)”可知，他一点也不反对斗牛。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Aymeric Caron is a French lawmaker who sent a bill to Parliament that would ban bullfighting. It is currently being debated. He said some parts of France permit bullfighting as long as fewer than 1,000 bulls are killed each year. Just because it is a tradition, he said, does not “morally justify a practice”.(阿伊梅里克·卡龙是一位向议会提交法案以禁止斗牛的法国议员。该法案目前正在辩论中。他说，法国某些地区只要每年杀死的公牛少于1000头，就允许斗牛。他说，仅仅因为它是一种传统，并不能在道德上“证明这种做法是正当的”)”可知，不可以因为斗牛是传统就认为这在道德上是正当的，不可以将虐待当做是正常做法，故阿伊梅里克·卡龙认为斗牛对无辜的动物有很大的伤害。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Other lawmakers in Caron’s party are not supporting his bill, so it is unlikely to pass. But the news of the anti-bullfighting proposal started a discussion throughout France.(卡龙所在政党的其他议员并没有支持他的提案，所以它不太可能通过。但反斗牛提案的新闻在法国引发了广泛的讨论)”可知，阿伊梅里克·卡龙的法案引发了一场关于斗牛的全国性讨论。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“Earlier this month, an opinion study said about 75 percent of the French public want to ban bullfighting. But a small group of supporters say it is a tradition that should continue.(本月早些时候，一项民意调查显示，约75%的法国公众希望禁止斗牛。但一小部分支持者表示，这是一个应该继续的传统)”可知，文章主要是关于法国对于是否禁止斗牛的讨论和行动，故D项“法国考虑禁止斗牛”适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。 D Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading. Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a vital skill that means we can predict other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. Reading minds comes so easily to us, though, that we often don’t think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life, we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people’s minds. Psychologists refer to the ability to infer other’s mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this ability starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the competence in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. Moreover, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to appear naturally from one’s own learning process. Yet we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind. While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI. It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen, but we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves. 12. Why does the author mention “games” and “protein structures” in the first paragraph? A. To stress how important the science is. B. To promote the use of AI in daily life. C. To present AI’s theory of mind. D. To contrast with AI’s lack of mind reading. 13. According to the passage, which of the following contexts can AI understand well? A. When kids see their mom after hurting themselves and they cry louder. B. When a mom tells her kid to eat the food that is good for health and he eats it. C. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework and he answers “my dog ate it”. D. When you are asked to eat spicy food for dinner and you reply “a sore throat”. 14. What may the author agree with? A. We should reject human-like forms of abilities for AI. B. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect. C. Mind reading requires huge amounts of context. D. The theory of mind is independent of one’s learning process. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is Expected B. AI with Theory of Mind Will Reshape Our Future C. AI’s Theory of Mind Is a Blessing or Suffering to Humans D. Theory of Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人工智能在模拟人类“读心”能力方面的挑战和前景。虽然AI在棋类游戏和科学预测方面已超越人类，但缺乏理解他人目标和信念的能力。文章认为，为了让AI在日常生活中更有用，需要赋予其类似人类的“读心”能力，即理论思维。这不仅是提高AI实用性的关键，也是实现真正自我意识机器的重要步骤。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading.(超人的人工智能已经在我们身边了。嗯，算是吧。在下棋和围棋等游戏，或解决预测蛋白质结构等困难的科学挑战方面，计算机远远领先于我们。但我们有一个超能力，他们还远没有掌握：读心术)”可知，作者在第一段中提到人工智能擅长游戏和预测蛋白质结构，也提到它还没有掌握的读心术，将两者进行对比 。由此推知，作者在第一段中提到“游戏”和“蛋白质结构”是为了与“人工智能缺乏读心术”进行比较。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading. (但我们有一个他们还没有掌握的超能力：读心术)”和第二段“Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate other people’s actions and the consequences of our own.   (人类有一种神秘的能力来推理他人的目标、欲望和信仰，这是一项至关重要的技能，意味着我们可以预测他人的行为和自己的后果) ”和第三段的“For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no.(例如，如果有人问你是否要跑步，而你回答“正在下雨”，他们很快就会得出结论，答案是否定的)”可知，读心需要经过一定的推理和预测能力，需要理论思维能力，而计算机不具备人类所拥有的读心的能力。对A项“When kids see their mom after hurting themselves and they cry louder. (当孩子们在伤害自己后看到他们的妈妈时，他们哭得更大声)”、C项“When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework and he answers “my dog ate it”. (当老师问一个男孩的家庭作业时，他回答说“我的狗吃了”)”和D项“When you are asked to eat spicy food for dinner and you reply “a sore throat”. (你被要求晚餐吃辣的食物时，你回答说“喉咙痛”)”的理解都需要运用到思维理论去解释人们的目标和欲望，这是人工智能无法理解的。只有B项“When a mom tells her kid some food is good for health and the kid eats it. (当妈妈告诉她的孩子一些食物对健康有益时，孩子就会吃)”是直接的陈述，不需要运用思维理论，人工智能能很好的理解其意思。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In humans, this ability starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the competence in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences.(在人类中，这种能力在很小的时候就开始发展。然而，如何在机器中复制这种能力还远不清楚。其中一个主要的挑战是背景。例如，如果有人问你是否要去跑步，你回答“下雨了”，他们可以很快得出结论，给出否定答案。但这需要大量关于跑步、天气和人类偏好的背景知识)”可知，理解别人的想法需要大量的背景信息。由此推知，作者会赞成“读心术需要大量的背景信息”这一观点。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段的“It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines.(然而，重要的是要记住，追求具有心智理论的机器不仅仅是为了制造更有用的机器人。这也是通往人工智能和机器人研究更深层目标的垫脚石：制造真正具有自我意识的机器)”可知，文章讨论了人工智能在模拟人类“读心”能力方面的挑战和前景，作者期待建造真正有自我意识的机器，即作者期待人工智能具备思维理论。故A项“AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is Expected(期待人工智有拥有自己的心智理论)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) There’s no doubt that loneliness hurts. Functional MRIs show that the area of the brain triggered by social rejection is the same area that’s triggered by physical pain. To understand why loneliness hurts, let’s take a closer look at friendship through the eyes of two heavyweight philosophers. In one corner we have Aristotle, who wrote that without friends, there’s no reason to live. The Greek great believed that friendships are based on the virtues of the friend. ____16____ But the problem with Aristotle’s theory is that if you lose some virtues, you should also expect to lose some friends. And that’s not how friendships work — at least not the good ones. ____17____ So as a sharp counterpunch to Aristotle, let’s turn to the renowned Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant, who said that all people have value regardless of their virtues. Since we view our true friends with this kind of unconditional love and respect, we can assume they view us the same way. ____18____ Being away from our friends takes away these life-affirming interactions. Worse, having no friends means our value, or dignity, isn’t being appreciated. ____19____ This may seem obvious, but there’s a catch. Your connection has to be oriented (以……为方向) toward the other person — not in what they can do for you and your loneliness. So say hi to a neighbor, hold the door for someone, or volunteer at the soup kitchen. ____20____ However, they’ll help you feel more connected to the world. And the more of these small steps you take toward connection, the farther away from loneliness you’ll get. A. This may sound fine at first. B. They last through thick and thin. C. This tells us why loneliness hurts. D. These acts may not make you a lifelong friend. E. The more friends you have, the happier you’ll be. F. We feel like we’re not accepted by the people around us. G. Thus, the cure for loneliness can be found in other people. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过两位重量级哲学家看待友谊的观点来理解为什么孤独会伤害人。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“The Greek great believed that friendships are based on the virtues of the friend. (这位希腊伟人认为，友谊是建立在朋友的美德之上的。)”可知，亚里士多德认为友谊建立在美德之上，根据空后的“But the problem with Aristotle’s theory is that if you lose some virtues, you should also expect to lose some friends. (但亚里士多德理论的问题在于，如果你失去了一些美德，你也会失去一些朋友。)”可知，亚里士多德认为如果失去了美德就会失去一些朋友，结合but可知，空处与下文内容为转折关系，A选项“This may sound fine at first. (一开始这听起来不错。)”讲述的内容承接了上文，且与空后的内容为转折关系。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据空前的“And that’s not how friendships work — at least not the good ones. (友谊不是这样的——至少好的友谊不是这样的。)”可知，友谊不是这样的，由此可知推断，此处讲述的是好的友谊是什么样子的，B选项“They last through thick and thin. (它们能同甘共苦。)”讲述的内容承接空前内容，其中的they指代的是friendships。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“So as a sharp counterpunch to Aristotle, let’s turn to the renowned Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant, who said that all people have value regardless of their virtues. Since we view our true friends with this kind of unconditional love and respect, we can assume they view us the same way. (因此，作为对亚里士多德的有力反击，让我们转向著名的启蒙哲学家伊曼努尔·康德，他说，所有人都有价值，不管他们的美德如何。既然我们用这种无条件的爱和尊重来看待我们真正的朋友，我们可以假设他们也以同样的方式看待我们。)”可知，康德认为我们所有人都是有价值的，而且是把这种无条件的爱和尊重来看待我们真正的朋友，结合空后的“Being away from our friends takes away these life-affirming interactions. Worse, having no friends means our value, or dignity, isn’t being appreciated. (远离我们的朋友带走了这些肯定生活的互动。更糟糕的是，没有朋友意味着我们的价值或尊严没有得到赏识。)”可知，空处应承上启下，C选项“This tells us why loneliness hurts. (这告诉我们为什么孤独会伤害人。)”中的this指代的为空前的内容，且引出下文中没有朋友会产生的影响。故选C项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“This may seem obvious, but there’s a catch. Your connection has to be oriented (以……为方向) toward the other person — not in what they can do for you and your loneliness. (这似乎是显而易见的，但有一个陷阱。你们的关系必须以对方为导向——而不是他们能为你和你的孤独做些什么。)”可知，此处讲述的是他人可以治疗我们的孤独，G选项“Thus, the cure for loneliness can be found in other people. (因此，孤独的治疗方法可以在其他人身上找到。)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合，且该选项讲述的内容为空后的this指代的内容。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“So say hi to a neighbor, hold the door for someone, or volunteer at the soup kitchen. (所以跟邻居打个招呼，帮别人扶一下门，或者在施粥处做志愿者。)”可知，此处介绍的是如何建立与他人的联系，根据空后的“However, they’ll help you feel more connected to the world. (然而，它们会让你感觉与世界的联系更紧密。)”可知，空处讲述的内容与空后的内容为转折关系，D选项“These acts may not make you a lifelong friend. (这些行为可能不会让你成为一辈子的朋友。)”中的These acts指代空前的行为，且与空后的内容为转折关系。故选D项。 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) In 2019, Thierry Henry, a bus driver, found there was a rise in bike thefts in his city, Reykjavik. Rather than ____21____ that the bike was gone forever, he decided to take matters into his own ____22____. He set out to track down the bikes and return them to their ____23____ owners. The 44-year-old has helped return hundreds of stolen bikes in the past 4 years. His social media account has over 14, 500 members and helps people track down more than just lost bikes. His page ____24____ to people who have lost tools, cars and other items of high value. On top of his ____25____ act, Henry has helped the bike ____26____ to reform in the process. Initially, Henry would deal with the thieves with anger. However, over time, he realized that most of the thefts were driven out of ____27____ and other issues. He went from feeling ____28____ towards the thieves, to developing empathy (同理心) for their situations. It was very tough at first. But Henry decided to try to ____29____ them and just talk to them. From this moment onward, he reached out to the thieves, offering help and _____30_____. After the change in his _____31_____, Henry found that the bike thieves began to often hand back the bikes to him. _____32_____, some former thieves that Henry helped now _____33_____ him in looking for the stolen bikes. “It’s like a _____34_____ that has got bigger and bigger,”. says Henry. “It’s not only me. Many times, someone spots a bike hidden in a bush and takes a picture. Then someone else _____35_____, ‘hey, that’s my bike’.” Thanks to Henry, everyone’s looking out. 21. A. admit B. claim C. accept D. realize 22. A. hands B. eyes C. feet D. bodies 23. A. loyal B. honest C. rightful D. careless 24. A. belongs B. extends C. relates D. listens 25. A. cautious B. generous C. fearless D. noble 26. A. owners B. makers C. thieves D. sellers 27. A. hatred B. shame C. passion D. poverty 28. A. regretful B. negative C. guilty D. desperate 29. A. level with B. live with C. side with D. compromise with 30. A. guidance B. inspiration C. cooperation D. investment 31. A. plan B. occupation C. habit D. approach 32. A. Abruptly B. Naturally C. Unwillingly D. Amazingly 33. A. assist B. trust C. engage D. drag 34. A. dream B. snowball C. rainbow D. balloon 35 A. quotes B. writes C. comments D. announces 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公蒂埃里·亨利在帮助被偷的自行车物归原主的过程中也使得那些小偷改过自新的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，而是决定自己解决问题。A. admit承认；B. claim声称；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。根据上文“found there was a rise in bike thefts in his city, Reykjavik.”提到他所在的城市雷克雅未克的自行车盗窃案有所增加，以及上文“that the bike was gone forever”由此可知，此处应表示他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，而是决定自己解决问题。A. hands手；B. eyes眼睛；C. feet脚；D. bodies身体。根据上文提到的他没有接受自行车永远消失的事实，以及“he decided to take matters into his own”由此可知，此处应表示他决定自己解决问题。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他开始寻找这些自行车，并将它们归还给它们的合法主人。A. loyal忠诚的；B. honest诚实的；C. rightful合法的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文“He set out to track down the bikes”提到他开始寻找这些自行车，由此可知，此处应表示将它们归还给它们的合法主人。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的页面延伸到那些丢失了工具、汽车和其他高价值物品的人。A. belongs属于；B. extends延伸；C. relates与……有关；D. listens听。根据上文“helps people track down more than just lost bikes”提到帮助人们寻找的不仅仅是丢失的自行车，以及下文“who have lost tools, cars and other items of high value.”由此可知，此处应表示他的页面延伸到那些丢失了工具、汽车和其他高价值物品的人。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了他的高尚行为之外，亨利还在这个过程中帮助偷自行车的人改过自新。A. cautious小心的；B. generous慷慨的；C. fearless无畏的；D. noble高尚的。根据上文提到的这位44岁的老人已经帮助归还了数百辆被盗的自行车，由此可知，此处指的是他的高尚行为。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了他的高尚行为之外，亨利还在这个过程中帮助偷自行车的人改过自新。A. owners主人；B. makers制造者；C. thieves小偷；D. sellers卖家。根据语境以及下文“to reform in the process”由此可知，此处应表示亨利还在这个过程中帮助偷自行车的人改过自新。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，他意识到大多数的盗窃是出于贫困和其他问题。A. hatred仇恨；B. shame羞耻；C. passion激情；D. poverty贫困。根据常识以下文“he reached out to the thieves, offering help and ____10____.”提到亨利提供的帮助，由此可知，此处应表示他意识到大多数的盗窃是出于贫困和其他问题。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对小偷的态度从消极到对他们的处境感同身受。A. regretful后悔的；B. negative消极的；C. guilty内疚的；D. desperate绝望的。根据下文“to developing empathy for their situations.”提到对他们的处境感同身受，由此可知，此处应表示他对小偷的态度从消极到对他们的处境感同身受。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但亨利决定试着和他们坦诚相对，和他们谈谈。A. level with坦诚相对；B. live with与……一起生活；C. side with支持；D. compromise with妥协。根据上文“It was very tough at first.”提到一开始很艰难，以及下文“and just talk to them”由此可知，此处应表示亨利决定试着和他们坦诚相对，和他们谈谈。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这一刻起，他向小偷伸出援手，提供帮助和指导。A. guidance指导；B. inspiration灵感；C. cooperation合作；D. investment投资。根据上文“he reached out to the thieves”提到他向小偷伸出援手，由此可知，此处应表示他向小偷提供帮助和指导。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在改变了他的方法之后，亨利发现偷自行车的人开始经常把自行车还给他。A. plan计划；B. occupation职业；C. habit习惯；D. approach方法。根据下文“Henry found that the bike thieves began to often hand back the bikes to him”提到偷自行车的人开始经常把自行车还给他，由此可知，此处应表示这是亨利改变了他的方法之后的影响和结果。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，亨利帮助过的一些以前的小偷现在帮助他寻找被盗的自行车。A. Abruptly突然地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Unwillingly不情愿地；D. Amazingly令人惊讶的是。根据下文“some former thieves that Henry helped now ____13____ him in looking for the stolen bikes.”由此可知，此处应表示令人惊讶的是，亨利帮助过的一些以前的小偷现在帮助他寻找被盗的自行车。故选D项。 33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，亨利帮助过的一些以前的小偷现在帮助他寻找被盗的自行车。A. assist帮助；B. trust信任；C. engage参加；D. drag拖，拽。根据句意以及下文“looking for the stolen bikes”可知，此处应表示亨利帮助过的一些以前的小偷现在帮助他寻找被盗的自行车。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像一个雪球，越来越大。A. dream梦想；B. snowball雪球；C. rainbow彩虹；D. balloon气球。根据句意以及下文“that has got bigger and bigger”可知，此处应表示这就像一个雪球，越来越大。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有人评论说，‘嘿，那是我的自行车’。A. quotes引用；B. writes写；C. comments评论；D. announces宣布。根据上文“His social media account has over 14, 500 members”以及下文“‘hey, that’s my bike’”由此可知，此处应表示然后有人评论说，‘嘿，那是我的自行车’。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Little New Year (Chinese: Xiaonian), usually a week ____36____ the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 2 this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the God ____37____ oversees the moral character of each household. There are numerous customs ____38____ (associate) with honoring the Kitchen God and determining the date of Little New Year. The date of this holiday ____39____ (assign) sometimes according to location, with people in northern China celebrating it on the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month, ____40____ people in southern China celebrating it on the twenty-fourth. In one of ____41____ (distinctive) traditions of the Little New Year is the ____42____ (burn) of a paper image of the Kitchen God, sending the god’s spirit to Heaven ____43____ (report) on the family’s conduct over the past year. The Kitchen God then is welcomed back to ____44____ home through the pasting of a new paper image of him beside the stove. From this vantage point, the Kitchen God will oversee and protect the household for another year. The _____45_____ (offering) to the Kitchen God include pig’s head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy. 【答案】36. before 37. who##that 38. associated 39. was assigned 40. and 41. the most distinctive 42. burning 43. to report 44. the 45. offerings 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国小年及小年的习俗。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：小年，通常在农历新年前一周，今年是2月2日。根据句意和常识可知，此处表示的是小年通常在农历新年前一周，before表示“在……之前”，故填before。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它也被称为灶神节，灶神负责监督每个家庭的道德品质。分析可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the God，指人，空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that作引导词。故填who/that。 【38题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：有许多习俗与祭拜灶王爷和确定小年夜的日期有关。be associated with为固定短语，表示“与……有关”，此处省略be用过去分词作后置定语。故填associated。 【39题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：这个节日的日期有时根据地点来分配，中国北方的人在农历十二月二十三日庆祝，中国南方的人在二十四日庆祝。主语The date为单数，与assign之间为被动关系，且表述的是过去的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was assigned。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：这个节日的日期有时根据地点来分配，中国北方的人在农历十二月二十三日庆祝，中国南方的人在二十四日庆祝。分析可知，people in northern China celebrating it on the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month与people in southern China celebrating it on the twenty-fourth为并列关系，空处应用连词and，故填and。 【41题详解】 考查最高级。句意：小新年最有特色的传统之一是焚烧灶王爷的纸像，将灶王爷的灵魂送上天堂，报告一家人过去一年的行为。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数为固定结构，表示“……是……中最……之一”，空处应为形容词最高级，distinctive为多音节的词，故填the most distinctive。 【42题详解】 考查动名词。句意：小新年最有特色的传统之一是焚烧灶王爷的纸像，将灶王爷的灵魂送上天堂，报告一家人过去一年的行为。分析可知，空处应用动名词作表语。故填burning。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：小新年最有特色的传统之一是焚烧灶王爷的纸像，将灶王爷的灵魂送上天堂，报告一家人过去一年的行为。分析可知，空处应为不定式作目的状语，故填to report。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然后灶王爷会被欢迎回家，在炉子旁边贴上一张新的灶王爷画像。分析可知，空处应为定冠词the，表示特指，即特指灶王爷回到之前焚烧纸像的家庭。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：供奉灶王爷的祭品有猪头、鱼、甜豆沙、瓜、水果、水煮饺子、大麦糖、关东糖。根据pig’s head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy可知，祭品有很多，空处应为名词复数，故填offerings。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是高三学生李华。为激励高三学生，你校布置了以“My Plans for this Summer”为题的文化展板。请你展望未来，写一篇文章参与其中，为展板增色。内容包括： 1. 高中生涯回顾； 2. 你的假期计划。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Plans for this Summer ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 My Plans for this Summer Looking back on my high school years, I cherish the memories of academic challenges, friendships, and personal growth. This summer, I plan to embark on a journey of self-discovery and learning. First, I intend to pursue a summer internship at a local technology company to gain practical experience in my field of interest. This opportunity will not only help me apply my academic knowledge but also develop my professional skills. Moreover, I’m desperate to travel to a nearby rural area to volunteer and contribute to community development. This experience will allow me to appreciate different lifestyles and cultures, fostering a sense of empathy and responsibility. In conclusion, my summer plans are a blend of intellectual and emotional development and I look forward to a fulfilling journey that will prepare me for the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇开放性试题，要求考生以“My Plans for this Summer”为题，写一篇文章参与活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 珍惜：cherish→treasure 首先：first→to begin with 帮助：help→assist 允许某人做某事：allow sb. to do sth.→permit sb. to do sth. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, I intend to pursue a summer internship at a local technology company to gain practical experience in my field of interest. 拓展句：First, I intend to pursue a summer internship at a local technology company so that I can gain practical experience in my field of interest. 点睛】[高分句型1] Looking back on my high school years, I cherish the memories of academic challenges, friendships, and personal growth.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] In conclusion, my summer plans are a blend of intellectual and emotional development and I look forward to a fulfilling journey that will prepare me for the future.（运用了that引导定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the sun dipped below the horizon, casting a warm glow over the animal shelter, Sarah walked through the rows of cages until her eyes landed on a small, trembling dog huddled (蜷缩) in the corner. “I think I’ve found the one, ” Sarah whispered softly to herself as she looked into the dog’s sad eyes. This timid, abandoned dog had no idea that a journey of transformation with friendly people lay in store for him. The shelter staff explained that the dog, named Buddy, had a difficult past and was very shy and scared. Sarah extended a hand, offering a soothing tone, “Hey sweetie, you must have a story to tell, but from now on, you’ve got a buddy in me. ” Bringing Buddy home was just the beginning of their journey, which was rocky at first for him. Everything was strange and new, causing him to hide under furniture and startle at every sound. Therefore, Sarah provided a cozy bed, delicious meals, and most importantly, heaps of love and comfort. Slowly but surely, he started to emerge from his shell, wagging his tail tentatively and gazing at Sarah with a glimmer of hope in his eyes. Under Sarah’s patient and loving guidance, Buddy flourished, even learning tricks and commands, and forming a deep bond with his new owner. The journey of healing turned out to be a success. But Sarah had never expected it would bring about another one. One day, while scrolling through social media, Sarah came across a heartwarming story about dogs being trained to assist children with autism (自闭症). Those children had social communication difficulties and had few facial expressions and gestures. Without hesitation, she inquired about the program and soon, Buddy was enrolled in training to become a certified therapy(治疗) dog. But she was unsure whether Buddy would be comfortable with the new challenge. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their first day at the therapy center was filled with uncertainty. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the weeks progressed, Sarah noticed a remarkable change both in the children and Buddy. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Their first day at the therapy center was filled with uncertainty. The children, accustomed to their own company or limited interactions, were initially cautious about Buddy. Some would avoid eye contact, while others stood still observing from a distance. Buddy sensed the anxiety too and mirrored their calm, sitting patiently and occasionally offering a gentle touch with his nose to a child who seemed less afraid. Despite the initial challenges, Sarah was confident that Buddy would eventually adapt to this new environment and make a positive impact. As the weeks progressed, Sarah noticed a remarkable change both in the children and Buddy. The once timid dog now eagerly approached the children, gently touching their hands with his nose and wagging his tail enthusiastically. In return, the children would stroke his soft fur and share their snacks with him. Their fear and hesitation gradually changed into smiles and laughter as they began to trust and form bonds with one another. It was evident that the journey of transformation that began in the animal shelter had now extended to the therapy center, where Buddy’s presence brought joy and comfort to those in need. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者家收养的一条流浪狗为线索展开，讲述了作者在动物收容所收养了一条有一段艰难的过去的狗，作者用爱和安慰让这只狗摆脱了过去的痛苦，之后作者让这只狗参加了帮助自闭症儿童的训练，这只名为巴迪的狗用行动给自闭症孩子带来了欢笑。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们在治疗中心第一天充满了不确定性。”可知，第一段可描写巴迪第一次去自闭症治疗中心时的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“几个星期过去了，萨拉注意到孩子们和巴迪都发生了显著的变化。”可知，第二段可描写巴迪和自闭症的孩子们建立了联系，为他们带来欢笑。 2. 续写线索：收养巴迪——用爱和安慰帮助巴迪茁壮成长——参加训练——和孩子们建立联系——给那些需要帮助的人带来了快乐和安慰。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①观察：observing/watching/noticing ②信任：trust/have faith in/believe ③建立：form/establish/build up 情绪类 ①焦虑：anxiety/worry/tension ②恐惧：fear/scare/fright 【点睛】[高分句型1]Their fear and hesitation gradually changed into smiles and laughter as they began to trust and form bonds with one another.(as引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2]It was evident that the journey of transformation that began in the animal shelter had now extended to the therapy center, where Buddy’s presence brought joy and comfort to those in need.(where引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$