第2部分 第2节 一、名词-中职高考英语考试教程
2024-08-26
|
2份
|
6页
|
410人阅读
|
4人下载
教辅
重庆大学电子音像出版社有限公司
进店逛逛 资源信息
| 学段 | 中职 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | - |
| 年级 | - |
| 章节 | - |
| 类型 | 教案 |
| 知识点 | 名词 |
| 使用场景 | 中职复习 |
| 学年 | 2024-2025 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | ZIP |
| 文件大小 | 1.17 MB |
| 发布时间 | 2024-08-26 |
| 更新时间 | 2024-08-26 |
| 作者 | 重庆大学电子音像出版社有限公司 |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2024-08-26 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/46974988.html |
| 价格 | 2.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
内容正文:
第二节 语法详解
一、名词
(一)考点指导
基本点:专有名词和普通名词的概念、可数名词和不可数名词的区别和分类。
重点:名词的数和所有格。
难点:双重所有格。
(二)复习精讲
名词的定义:名词(noun,缩写 n.),属于实词,表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 名词分为专有名
词和普通名词两大类,其中普通名词又分为四类:个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词。
1. 名词的分类
专有名词 国名、地名、人名、团体机构名称等 China 中国 Tom 汤姆
普通名词
可数
名词
不可数
名词
个体名词:某一类人或者东西中的个体的名称。 cat 猫 boy 男孩 desk 桌子
集体名词:表示群体或者团队的名称,强调个体
本身的时候是复数;强调整体的时候是单数。
police 警察 family 家庭 class 班级
抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、情感等概念。
work 工作 knowledge 知识
happiness 快乐
物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物。 一般包括
材料、食品、饮料以及固体、液体、气体的物质名
称或化学元素名称。
air 空气 glass 玻璃 steel 钢
注意
有些名词既可以作可数名词又可以作不可数名词,但意义不同,如:
work 工作(不可数);著作(可数) glass 玻璃(不可数);玻璃杯(可数)
fish 鱼肉(不可数);鱼(可数) time 时间(不可数);次数(可数)
paper 纸(不可数);报纸(可数) exercise 锻炼(不可数);练习题(可数)
life 生活(不可数);生命(可数)
2. 名词的数
个体名词和集体名词属于可数名词,个体名词有单数和复数两种形式,集体名词本身就是复数。 物质
名词和抽象名词是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
1) 规则名词的复数形式
名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加 s 或 es。 构成规则如下:
形 式 例 词
一般情况在词尾加 s map—maps sea—seas girl—girls day—days
以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词后加⁃es class—classes box—boxes watch—watches dish—dishes
21
续表
形 式 例 词
以 f 或 fe 结尾的词
变 f 和 fe 为 v 再加 es leaf—leaves thief—thieves knife—knives loaf—loaves wife—wives
直接加 s belief—beliefs chief—chiefs proof—proofs roof—roofs
以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 加 es party—parties family—families story—stories city—cities
以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词,或专有名词
以 y 结尾的,加 s
toy—toys boy—boys day—days ray—rays
以辅音字母加 o 结
尾的名词
有生命的,加 es hero—heroes potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes
无生命的,加 s piano—pianos photo—photos kilo—kilos
两者皆可 zero—zeros / zeroes
以元音字母加 o 结尾的名词加 s radio—radios bamboo—bamboos zoo—zoos
以 th 结尾的名词加 s truth—truths mouth—mouths month—months path—paths
2) 不规则名词的复数形式
有些名词的复数形式是不遵循规则的,如:
形 式 例 词
改变名词中的元音字母 man—men woman—women foot—feet goose—geese mouse—mice
单复数同形 sheep deer means works fish species
只有复数形式 trousers clothes goods
一些集体名词总是用作复数 people police group staff
部分集体名词既可以作单数(强调整体)也
可以作复数(强调个体或成员)
audience class family couple group government team public
enemy
复数形式表示特别含义
customs 海关 forces 军队 times 时代 spirits 情绪 sands 沙滩
papers 文章;报纸 manners 礼貌 looks 外表 greens 青菜
ruins 废墟
“某国人”的复数
变化规则: “中日不
变英法变”,其余“ s”
加后面。
Americans Australians Germans Europeans
Chinese Japanese
只将主体名词变为复数 sons⁃in⁃law lookers⁃on passers⁃by story⁃tellers boy friends
两部分都变为复数 women singers men servants
3. 名词的所有格
在句中表示两个对象之间的所属关系的形式叫作名词所有格。 所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’ s 构
成,二是由“所属物+of+拥有者”构成。
31
第二部分 语法 • 第二节 语法详解
有生命的单数名词和不以 s 结尾
的复数名词词尾加“’s”
Tom’s friend 汤姆的朋友 Children’s Day 儿童节
无生命的名词通常用“of ” a map of China 中国地图 the cover of the book 书的封面
以⁃s 或⁃es 结尾的复数名词词尾加
单引号
the students’ classroom 学生的教室
双重所有格:of+名词性物主代词;
of+名词所有格
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友
a book of Tom’s 汤姆的一本书
一样东西为两人共有,只在后一个
名词后面加单引号
Linda and Helen’s mother (两人共有的母亲)
不是两人共有的东西,在两人后面
都加“’s”
Linda’s and Helen’s mother (两个人各自的母亲)
表示某人店铺和某人的家时,直接
在人名后加“’s”
at my uncle’s 在我叔叔家 at the doctor’s 在医务室
前面提到过的名词,后面再提及可
以省略名词,直接用“’s”
Whose book is this? It’s John’s.这是谁的书? 是约翰的。
表示时间、地点、距离、金钱、国家、
城市、组织等名词后也可加“’s”
yesterday’s newspaper 昨天的报纸 half an hour’s walk 半小时的步行路程
30 minute’s drive 30 分钟的车程
※ 习题 1 ※
1. The table in my dining room is made of . (2007 年真题)
A. a glass B. glass C. glasses D. the glasses
2. The children cooked some by burning . (2008 年真题)
A. potato; leaf B. potatoes; leaves C. potatoes; leaf D. potato; leaves
3. It’s a cheap store. only cost you five dollars. (2011 年真题)
A. Two cups of coffees B. Two cups of coffee C. Two cup of coffee D. Two cup of coffees
4. He has something to write down. Would you like to give him ?
A. a paper B. some papers C. some pieces of papers D. a piece of paper
5. His are made of .
A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses
6. I am busy and I have to do.
A. much work B. many work C. much job D. many job
7. There a piece of bread on the plate.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
8. My teacher gave me on how to learn English well.
A. a advice B. an advice C. some advice D. many advice
9. Our class on the second floor.
A. has B. is C. are D. have
10. The whole class listening to the teacher now.
A. are B. is C. was D. have
41
中职高考英语考试教程
11. No news good news.
A. be B. is C. are D. can
12. There is a lot of in Southwest China.
A. rain B. rains C. raining D. rained
13. The police searching for a man with short hair.
A. is B. has been C. are D. am
14. Most of her are .
A. clothes; purple B. cloths; purples C. clothing; purple D. cloth; purples
15. Mary speaks .
A. very good English B. a very good English C. very good an English D. very a good English
※ 习题 2 ※
1. Would you like , please?
A. two cup of water B. two cups of water C. two cup of waters D. two cups of waters
2. My aunt has two .
A. child B. childs C. children D. childrens
3. How many do you see on the table?
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato
4. There are five in the zoo.
A. monkeies B. monkeys C. monkey D. cat
5. There are two and four in the room.
A. American; Japanese B. Americans; Japanese
C. Americans; Japaneses D. American; Japaneses
6. We don’t have to do today.
A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. many homeworks
7. He is from Germany, and he is a .
A. Germans B. German C. Germen D. Germens
8. There is some in the fridge.
A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears
9. There are more than thirty in our hospital.
A. woman doctors B. womens doctors C. woman doctor D. women doctors
10. I think maths not easy to learn.
A. are B. be C. is D. were
11. The old woman has three and three .
A. daughters; sons⁃in⁃law B. daughters; son⁃in⁃law
C. daughter; sons⁃in⁃law D. daughter; son⁃in⁃law
12. The boy’s are dirty.
A. foots B. foot C. feet D. feets
13. There are two and three in the picture.
A. tomatoes; sheeps B. tomatoes; sheep C. tomato; sheep D. tomatos; sheeps
14. What bad weather it is!
A. a B. an C. the D. /
51
第二部分 语法 • 第二节 语法详解
15. The has two .
A. woman; watch B. woman; watches C. woman; watchs D. women; watch
※ 习题 3 ※
1. The man in blue is father. (2012 年真题)
A. Tom and Mary B. Tom and Mary’s C. Tom’s and Mary D. Tom’s and Mary’s
2. Where are ?
A. the teachers’ rooms B. the teacher’s room C. the teacher’s room D. the room of the teachers
3. June 1st is Day.
A. Child B. the Children C. Children’s D. Childrens’
4. The cinema is walk from our school.
A. twenty minutes B. twenty⁃minute’s C. twenty minute D. twenty⁃ minutes’
5. It’s about walk from my home to the zoo.
A. three hours B. three hour’s C. three hours’ D. three of hours
6. The letter is sent by .
A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my father’s C. my father friend D. my father friend’s
7. The room on the left is .
A. her B. she C. Mary’s D. Mary
8. This is football, you should return it to him at once.
A. the boys B. the boy C. the boys’ D. the boy’s
9. —How far is the nearest bus station, please?
—Oh, very far. It’s about drive from here.
A. two hours’ B. two hours C. two hour’s D. two⁃hour
10. The are clean and bright in our school.
A. classroom’s window B. classroom of the windows
C. window of the classroom D. windows of the classroom
11. The famous doctor is a friend of .
A. Tim’s father B. Tim’s father’s C. Tim father D. Tim father’s
12. —Where are you going, David?
— .
A. To my uncle B. To my uncle’s C. At my uncle D. At my uncle’s
13. There are some new books in the classroom. They are the books.
A. child’s B. childs C. children’s D. children
14. Susan is a friend of .
A. I sister B. my sister’s C. my sister of D. me sister
15. The woman by the door is .
A. Tim and Mary teacher B. Tim’s and Mary’s teacher
C. Tim and Mary’s teacher D. Tim’s and Mary teacher
二、冠词
(一)考点指导
基本点:不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的含义。
61
中职高考英语考试教程
附录Ⅵ 参考答案
名 词
习题 1:1—5 BBBDB 6—10 ABCBA 11—15 BACAA
习题 2:1—5 BCBBB 6—10 AABDC 11—15 ACBDB
习题 3:1—5 BACCC 6—10 BCDAD 11—15 BBCBC
冠 词
习题 1:1—5 BCDAC 6—10 AAACA 11—15 CDBCB
习题 2:1—5 ADCCA 6—10 BCBDD 11—15 ADDAD
代 词
习题 1:1—5DBCDA 6—10 BCDAC 11—15 CCCAD
习题 2:1—5 DACBA 6—10 BDAAA 11—15 BACCB
习题 3:1—5 BDADB 6—10 CCDAB 11—15 BBBCA
数 词
习题 1:1—5 CBBBD 6—10 BAADA 11—15 CDCAD
习题 2:1—5 DABBB 6—10 CDCDC 11—15 ABBBB
介 词
习题 1:1—5 BADAC 6—10 BDAAB 11—15 CCCAA
习题 2:1—5 ACCDA 6—10 CCDBA 11—15 CADAC
连 词
习题 1:1—5 DDDCB 6—10 DCCAC 11—15 BBADC
习题 2:1—5 BBBAA 6—10 DABDD 11—15 CABCD
形容词和副词
习题 1:1—5 ABAAD 6—10 CCBDC 11—15 DABAC
习题 2:1—5 CCBDD 6—10 CDABA 11—15 DCACB
动 词
习题 1:1—5 DCDBA 6—10 DACBB 11—15 CCBDC
习题 2:1—5 DCBAD 6—10 DABBD 11—15 BCBBA
习题 3:1—5 DACDD 6—10 ACDCA 11—15 DCDCB
习题 4:1—5 CBAAD 6—10 DABDD 11—15 DBADC
习题 5:1—5 BABCD 6—10 CCAAC 11—15 CDCBD
习题 6:1—5 BCCDA 6—10 CCAAA 11—15 DCCDD
581
资源预览图
1
2
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。