第1部分 语音-中职高考英语考试教程
2024-08-23
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7页
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教辅
重庆大学电子音像出版社有限公司
进店逛逛 资源信息
| 学段 | 中职 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | - |
| 年级 | - |
| 章节 | - |
| 类型 | 教案 |
| 知识点 | 语音知识 |
| 使用场景 | 中职复习 |
| 学年 | 2024-2025 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | PDF |
| 文件大小 | 622 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2024-08-23 |
| 更新时间 | 2024-08-26 |
| 作者 | 重庆大学电子音像出版社有限公司 |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2024-08-23 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/46974968.html |
| 价格 | 3.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
内容正文:
•第一部分 语 音•
一、考点指导
语音在对口高职考试中共占 10 分。 在近几年的考试中,语音的热门考点集中在元音字母 a, e, i, o,u
以及元音字母组合 ou, ow, ea, er, oo, or, ar 的发音;辅音字母 sh, ch, th, wh, gh 等的发音;名词变复数,
动词变第三人称单数,动词变过去式后,⁃s, ⁃es, ed 的发音等。
二、复习精讲
(一)基本语音知识
字母 语言的书写形式。
音标 语言的语音形式。
音素 语音的最小单位。 英语中有 48 个音素。
音节 由元音和辅音组合成的发音单位。
元音 气流通过口腔不受阻碍而发出的音。
辅音 气流通过口腔或者鼻腔要受到一定阻碍的音。
开音节 辅音+元音+辅音+e ;辅音+元音。
闭音节 辅音+元音+辅音;元音+辅音。
清辅音 发音时,只有气体通过口腔的声音而声带不振动的音。
浊辅音 发音时,有气体通过口腔的声音,同时还有声带振动的音。
(二)国际音标表
元音
单元音
双元音
前元音 / iː / / ɪ / / e / / æ / /
中元音 / ɜː / / ə / / ʌ / / /
后元音 / uː / / ʊ / / ɔː / / ɒ / / ɑː /
合口双元音 / eɪ / / aɪ / / ɔɪ / / aʊ / / əʊ /
集中双元音 / ɪə / / eə / / ʊə / / /
1
续表
辅音
爆破音
摩擦音
破擦音
鼻音
舌则音
半元音
清辅音 / p / / t / / k / / /
浊辅音 / b / / d / / ɡ / / /
清辅音 / f / / s / / ʃ / / θ / / h /
浊辅音 / v / / z / / ʒ / / ð / / r /
清辅音 / tʃ / / tr / / ts / / /
浊辅音 / dʒ / / dr / / dz / / /
浊辅音 / m / / n / / ŋ / / /
浊辅音 / l / / r / / / /
浊辅音 / j / / w / / / /
(三)常见字母和字母组合的发音规律
1. 元音字母常见发音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a
/ eɪ / name cake lake make take same
/ æ / hat back black dad sad bag map cat
/ ɒ / want what watch wash quality
/ ɑː / after plant ask glass fast father
/ ə / China another advice apply
/ e / many any
/ ɪ / orange village cabbage
e
/ i: / she he these me Chinese we
/ e / bed let pen desk yes egg
i
/ aɪ / ice life bike kite time nice find child light high
/ ɪ / fish drink ship list sit gift
o
/ əʊ / home close go so most postcard old cold
/ ɒ / clock box shop sock cloth
/ ʌ / come monkey love mother
u
/ ju: / huge use excuse cute tube June
/ u: / blue ruler pull
/ ʌ / bus cup jump much lunch
/ ʊ / put push full
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中职高考英语考试教程
2. 常见元音字母组合的发音
字母组合 读 音 例 词
ai / eɪ / afraid rain wait
ay / eɪ / day play say
air / eə / air hair chair pair repair
al
/ ɔː l / always also almost small ball wall
/ ɑː / half calm
ea
/ i: / teach easy cheap please
/ e / heavy bread sweater weather
/ eɪ / break great
/ ɪə / idea theatre hear dear near clear year
ear
/ eə / bear pear wear swear
/ ɜː / earth learn early
ee
/ i: / jeep week green three
/ ɪə / pioneer deer beer
ey / eɪ / they grey
ei / eɪ / eight neighbour
oa
/ əʊ / coat boat goal
/ ɔː / roar board
oo
/ u: / food tooth school room choose
/ ʊ / book look cook foot good wool
ou / ow
/ aʊ / cloud house down flower
/ əʊ / know throw though shoulder
/ ʌ / young country enough
/ u: / group you soup route wound
/ ɔː / course your four
our
/ aʊə / our hour flour
/ ɜː / journey
3. 元音与字母 r 的组合常见发音
字母组合 读 音 例 词
ar
/ a: / car farm dark sharpener
/ ɔː / warm quarter towards
or
/ ɔː / forty morning short horse north
/ ɜː / word worker worse worth
er, ir, ur / ɜː / certainly verb bird Thursday nurse
注:辅音字母 r 双写时,前面的元音字母不能与 r 构成⁃r 音节,而是按重读闭音节拼读规则发音。 例如: carry / ˈkæri / ,
sorry / ˈsɒri / , hurry / ˈhʌri / 。
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第一部分 语 音
4. 元音与字母 re 的组合常见发音
字母组合 读 音 例 词
are / eə / care dare hare prepare
ere / ɪə / here mere
ire / aɪə / fire hire
ore / ɔː / more score before
ure / jʊə / pure cure
5. 常见辅音字母及组合发音
字母或组合 读 音 例 词
b
/ b / bike bus bag
/ bomb tomb
c
/ k / cake picture coat music
/ s / face decide cinema bicycle
ch
/ tʃ / much chick rich teacher
/ k / school headache chemistry
/ ʃ / machine Chicago
ck / k / cock pocket black knock
d / d / doctor bread hand day
dge / dʒ / bridge fridge
dr / dr / children driver drink
f / f / five four breakfast
g
/ / bag garden go
/ dʒ / orange large German
gh
/ f / cough enough
/ light daughter high
gu, gue
/ / guess league dialogue
/ w / language
h
/ h / hot head house hand
/ hour honest
j / dʒ / jeep joke join July
k / k / kind bike skate make week
kn / n / knife know knock
l / l / life milk school tall
m / m / monkey come
mn / m / autumn column solemn
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中职高考英语考试教程
续表
字母或组合 读 音 例 词
n
/ n / not shine ten note
/ ŋ / uncle thank hungry
p / p / paper plane pig ship pen
ph / f / elephant photo telephone
qu / kw / quality quite
r / r / red rubber ruler
s
/ s / sit sleep desk
/ z / music husband
sh / ʃ / she fish shirt wash
t
/ t / ten letter meet
/ ʃ / patient nation
/ watch match
th(e)
/ θ /
/ ð /
thin thirty method
the these with than
clothes father weather
tr / tr / tree train country truck
v / v / very voice love leave
w
/ w / week win wake sweet wait
/ answer two
wh
/ w / what when white why
/ h / who whose whole
wr / r / write wrong
y / j / yes yard yellow young
z / z / puzzle zero zoo
6. 特殊字母组合发音规则
1) 字母组合 oo
oo 组合在 k, d 前发短音 / ʊ / ,其他字母前发长音 / u: / , 但是 food(食物), wool(羊毛)和 foot(脚)除外,
另外,oo 组合在 blood(血)和 flood(水灾)中读 / ʌ / 。
2) 表示名词复数和动词第三人称单数的⁃s 或⁃es
读 音 例 词
在清辅音后读 / s / helps desks cakes maps gets cooks
在浊辅音或元音后读 / z / reads dogs jobs seas bees plays knows potatoes
在 / s / , / z / , / ʃ / , / dʒ /等音后读 / ɪz / guesses classes teaches washes boxes bridges noses
5
第一部分 语 音
3) 表示动词过去式或者过去分词的⁃ed
变化条件 读 音 例 词
清辅音后 / t / finished helped cooked
元音和浊辅音后 / d / enjoyed called moved
/ t / , / d /音后 / ɪd / wanted shouted needed
(四)语音练习
找出下列划线部分发音不同的单词
1. A. cake B. take C. bad D. wave
2. A. bread B. eat C. tea D. seat
3. A. never B. leg C. red D. he
4. A. good B. look C. book D. choose
5. A. clocks B. cups C. cakes D. cars
6. A. nose B. hot C. box D. not
7. A. bike B. five C. life D. his
8. A. order B. doctor C. boring D. corner
9. A. what B. water C. sad D. watch
10. A. catches B. finishes C. carries D. closes
11. A. laugh B. through C. though D. right
12. A. hopes B. buys C. ladies D. finds
13. A. each B. idea C. theatre D. dear
14. A. flower B. follow C. how D. brown
15. A. but B. student C. luck D. must
16. A. you B. house C. blouse D. trousers
17. A. study B. puzzle C. bus D. busy
18. A. played B. planned C. killed D. worked
19. A. chicken B. machine C. cheap D. peach
20. A. have B. active C. manager D. face
21. A. toilet B. apple C. bottle D. table
22. A. basic B. act C. parent D. have
23. A. lived B. played C. called D. visited
24. A. pencils B. trees C. books D. songs
25. A. soft B. off C. spot D. lose
26. A. room B. foot C. too D. food
27. A. fast B. has C. sit D. bus
28. A. behind B. bedroom C. jacket D. eleven
29. A. family B. cake C. passage D. black
30. A. over B. other C. clothes D. home
31. A. morning B. horse C. doctor D. tomorrow
32. A. diamond B. around C. elephant D. change
6
中职高考英语考试教程
33. A. under B. blue C. up D. cut
34. A. liked B. studied C. helped D. asked
35. A. tennis B. find C. white D. kite
36. A. call B. city C. cook D. cake
37. A. wash B. want C. parent D. what
38. A. about B. doubt C. found D. would
39. A. hoped B. surprised C. died D. borrowed
40. A. food B. cook C. foot D. look
41. A. cry B. circle C. class D. picture
42. A. thing B. theatre C. bathroom D. there
43. A. sand B. sure C. safe D. said
44. A. how B. know C. yellow D. window
45. A. near B. heart C. tear D. hear
46. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach
47. A. back B. fast C. have D. map
48. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party
49. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good
50. A. mouth B. three C. with D. thief
51. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu
52. A. put B. fun C. sun D. cut
53. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over
54. A. too B. book C. good D. tooth
55. A. which B. when C. whose D. where
56. A. teacher B. seat C. weather D. please
57. A. yellow B. brown C. window D. know
58. A. theater B. that C. thing D. thank
59. A. worry B. sky C. only D. many
60. A. school B. chair C. China D. much
61. A. fool B. school C. door D. room
62. A. brother B. come C. police D. mother
63. A. cinema B. climb C. sister D. film
64. A. these B. bath C. think D. health
65. A. morning B. color C. work D. doctor
66. A. thin B. thank C. these D. math
67. A. island B. small C. ask D. desk
68. A. mouth B. dangerous C. thousand D. about
69. A. beach B. meal C. head D. leave
70. A. how B. snow C. tomorrow D. own
71. A. large B. language C. page D. great
72. A. big B. it C. little D. kite
73. A. who B. whose C. whole D. whom
74. A. cool B. book C. goose D. school
75. A. most B. love C. brother D. glove
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第一部分 语 音
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