限时练15 必修第三册 UNIT 8(A组)(课件) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考练重点（北师大版2019）

高考复习顶层设计·英语 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 阅读　A　体裁:说明文　主题语境:环境保护　难度:★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Avoid the supermarket shelves piled with cheese, cupcakes and pies. That is the message of an analysis that found these items are the worst when looking at both nutritional and environmental impacts of thousands of food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. So far, most studies have focused on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy. Where research has focused on such products, it has usually been for a small number of them. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. The team took the ingredients (成分) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, precise figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and used it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing database of 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 environmental impacts, including emissions (排放), land use and water stress. The results may come as no surprise: meat, fish and cheese products had the highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden. Clark admits that none of this is exciting, given what we already knew from past research. “What is important is that you can start getting these impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects,” he says. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 One of those is eco-labels, which can help consumers to make greener choices. However, retailers have struggled in the past with the challenge of the large amount of food. Clark is thinking about how to eventually turn the data into an app that could be used either by shoppers or by retailers wanting to reduce their environmental impact. “We’ve made that information available in a way that means people can start making informed decisions,” he says. 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是针对食物对环境的影响的研究。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 1.What is the purpose of Clark’s study? A. To solve the environmental problems with some products. B. To point out the mistakes of the previous research. C. To focus on the important ingredients data from retailers. D. To estimate the environmental impact of frequently-bought products. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段的“So far, most studies have focused on the environmental impact of goods such as beef or beans, rather than tofu and other products that shoppers often buy. (到目前为止,大多数研究都集中在牛肉或豆类等商品对环境的影响上,而不是豆腐和其他消费者经常购买的产品。)”和第二段的“In a bid to bridge the gap, Micheal Clark at the University of Oxford and his colleagues analyzed more than 57,000 food and drink products sold in the UK and Ireland. (为了弥补这一差距,牛津大学的Micheal Clark和他的同事分析了在英国和爱尔兰销售的57000多种食品和饮料。)”可知,克拉克研究的目的是评估经常购买的产品对环境的影响。故选D。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? The process of Clark’s study. B. The result of Clark’s study. C. The significance of Clark’s study. D. The limitation of Clark’s study. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　A　段落大意题。根据第二段的“The team took the ingredients (成分) data from eight retailers (零售商), including major supermarkets Tesco and Sainsbury’s. However, precise figures on how much of each ingredient is in each product were only available for around a tenth of them. To estimate the rest, Clark and his colleagues trained an algorithm (算法) on the known products and used it to predict the composition of the unknown ones. Finally, the team linked all the ingredients to an existing database of environmental impacts, including 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 emissions (排放), land use and water stress. (研究小组从8家零售商那里获取了配料数据,其中包括大型超市乐购和塞恩斯伯里。然而,关于每种产品中每种成分含量的精确数据仅为其中的十分之一左右。为了估计剩下的,克拉克和他的同事们在已知产品上训练了一种算法,并用它来预测未知产品的成分。最后,研究小组将所有成分与现有的环境影响数据库联系起来,包括排放、土地使用和水资源压力。)”可知,第二段主要讲的是克拉克的研究过程。故选A。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 3.What can be inferred about Clark’s study from Paragraph 3? A. Surprising. B. Worrying. C. Meaningful. D. Doubtful. 答案与解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段的“What is important is that you can start getting these impact estimates for products that people are purchasing, which then has a lot of effects(重要的是,你可以开始对人们正在购买的产品进行这些影响评估,这会产生很多影响)”可知,从第三段可以推断出克拉克的研究是有意义的。故选C。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 4.Which of the following products should people buy according to Clark’s study? A. Nutritious food like beef and eggs. B. Green food like carrots and bananas. C. Healthy food like fish and tofu. D. Fresh food like milk and chicken. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results may come as no surprise: meat, fish and cheese products had the highest environmental impact while fruit, vegetables, bread and sugary drink products had the lowest burden.(研究结果可能并不令人惊讶:肉类、鱼类和奶酪产品对环境的影响最大,而水果、蔬菜、面包和含糖饮料产品对环境的影响最低。)”和最后一段的“One of those is eco-labels, which can help consumers to make greener choices.(其中之一就是生态标签,它可以帮助消费者做出更环保的选择。)”可知,根据克拉克的研究,人们应该购买绿色食物,如胡萝卜和香蕉。故选B。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 阅读　B　体裁:说明文　主题语境:绿色生活　难度:★★★☆☆ Heat waves are becoming more common in parts of the United States—and that means more people running their air conditioners for longer. But those air conditioners can make the problem worse, giving off greenhouse gases as they work that contribute heavily to climate change. SkyCool’s system is trying to break that cycle, using technology that promises to offer buildings an alternative means to cool down in a similar way to how the planet cools itself. “Our planet naturally cools 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 itself by sending heat out in the form of infrared light (红外线) or radiation,” said Eli Goldstein, SkyCool’s cofounder and CEO. “We do this through rooftop panels, which look like solar panels but actually do the opposite, reflecting 97% of the sunlight that hits them and cooling the surface below,” said Goldstein. SkyCool’s model involves fixing a network of pipes below those panels. These pipes are filled with water, which is kept cool by the panels and then flows into an air conditioning system. This process is designed to 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 take pressure off the system’s cooling mechanism. And because the panels cool naturally and don’t need external power to function, it helps the entire system use less electricity. A Grocery Outlet store in California, which has been using SkyCool’s system since last year, says it saw a marked drop in its electrical bills. Jesus Valenzuela, the store manager, estimates that the panels have saved his store roughly $3,000 a month. But perhaps the biggest barrier to making the technology ubiquitous (无处不在的) is its relatively high cost. Increasing production could help 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 bring the cost down, Goldstein said, particularly for developing countries in Asia and Africa where SkyCool hopes to eventually expand. For now, the company is focused on commercial applications of the technology, though it hopes to start setting up panels on the roofs of individual homes. “We’re just excited to be able to use this new technology for good,” Goldstein said. 本文是一篇说明文。SkyCool系统通过屋顶面板来让建筑物冷却下来,这能够缓解温室效应,也能够达到节能的效果。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 5.How did Goldstein explain the way their rooftop panels work? A. By citing an expert’s words. B. By making comparisons. C. By analyzing cause and effect. D. By describing the process in detail. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中的“Our planet naturally cools itself by sending heat out in the form of infrared light (红外线) or radiation(我们的星球通过以红外光或辐射的形式发出热量来自然地冷却自己)”和最后一句中的“We do this through rooftop panels, which look like solar panels but actually do the opposite, reflecting 97% of the sunlight that hits them and cooling the surface below(我们通过屋顶面板来做到这一点,它看起来像太阳能电池板,但实际上相反,反射照射到它们上面的97%的阳光并冷却下面的表面)”可推知,戈尔茨坦通过作比较来解释他们屋顶面板的工作方式。故选B。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 6.What is the function of the pipes in SkyCool’s model? A. To store cold water to help cool the panels. B. To help ease the water pressure of the air conditioning. C. To power the panels by making use of flowing water. D. To feed cold water into the air conditioning system. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“These pipes are filled with water, which is kept cool by the panels and then flows into an air conditioning system.(这些管道里装满了水,这些水通过面板保持凉爽,然后流入空调系统)”可知,在SkyCool的模型中管道的功能是给空调系统注入冷水。故选D。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 7.How might Jesus Valenzuela view SkyCool’s system? A. It’s pretty effective. B. It has increased sales for his store. C. It will go out of style quickly. D. It will cost too much to set up. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Jesus Valenzuela, the store manager, estimates that the panels have saved his store roughly $3,000 a month.(商店经理赫苏斯·巴伦苏埃拉估计,这些电池板每月为他的商店节省了大约3000美元)”可推知,苏斯·巴伦苏埃可能认为SkyCool的系统是有效的。故选A。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 8.What does SkyCool expect of its system? A. It’ll bring in a good profit for the company. B. It’ll gain popularity in developed countries. C. It’ll take the place of air conditioners. D. It’ll be accessible to common households. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“For now, the company is focused on commercial applications of the technology, though it hopes to start setting up panels on the roofs of individual homes.(目前,该公司专注于这项技术的商业应用,尽管它希望开始在个人住宅的屋顶上安装太阳能电池板)”可知,SkyCool对它的系统的期望是普通家庭都可以使用。故选D。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 （阅读C、D） 阅读　C　(2024·青岛段测)　体裁:说明文　主题语境:科学技术　难度:★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Driverless taxicabs have been swarming (蜂拥) in the streets in San Francisco, Phoenix and Austin for months, and they’re most likely driving themselves soon to your city. One freaked-out passenger has documented his experience on TikTok, “I was startled by the empty front seats during a ride to a coffee shop!” 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled “Get a horse” to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. “Automobiles were frightening to a lot of people at first,” he says. “The early automobiles were noisy, dangerous, had no seatbelts and ran over pedestrians.” 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 Some people also felt threatened by the freedom and independence newly available to entire classes of people, says Saje Mathieu, a history professor at the University of Minnesota. They included black people whose movements were restricted by Jim Crow Laws (种族歧视法). Cars let them more easily search for everything from better employment to improved healthcare. Larger concerns today move to numerous laws that can be broken when no one is at the wheel. Who is to blame if a pregnant person takes a driverless car across state lines to obtain an abortion, for example? Or 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 when driverless cars transport illegal drugs? And back then, like now, Mathieu adds, there were concerns about the future of certain jobs. Once we were worried about Teamsters, who then drove teams of horses, being out of work.Truckers today fear that they might soon compete with driverless vehicles in their own dedicated lanes. “You can’t have congestion-free driving just because you constantly build roads,” observes history professor Peter Norton of the University of Virginia. Now, he says, is an excellent time to learn from what did not 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 work in the past. “It doesn’t automatically get safe just because you have cutting-edge tech.” Such advanced tech even terrified one TikToker taking a driverless cab in Phoenix last Friday. “We’re making a left-hand turn without using the left-hand turn lane!” Are these devilish machines going to change the face of the world? Maybe they won’t add to the beauty of the world, but they have come, and almost all outward things are going to be different because of what they bring. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 And now that they drive themselves, historians say, we need to remember that the world and the streets belong to us and not to the cars. We need to stay behind the wheel, even if that’s only a figure of speech. 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要回顾了百年前人们对汽车的态度,由历史照见今日,为今天无人驾驶的兴起带来了启示。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 9.Why did pedestrians shout “Get a horse” in the 1910s? A. They wanted to own a horse themselves. B. They had pity on the poor horses. C. They tried to warn motorists of danger. D. They disapproved of automobiles. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled ‘Get a horse’ to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. (焦虑的Tik Tok用户的评论让历史学家维克多·麦克法兰(Victor McFarland)想起了大约一百年前汽车首次 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 出现在美国街头时的样子。在20世纪10年代,行人向驾车者大喊“找匹马来”。但是,在密苏里大学任教的麦克法兰说,一个世纪前,被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比现在的无人驾驶汽车更具威胁性和陌生 感。)”可知,行人对驾车者吼叫“Get a horse”表明了那时的人们对于汽车这种新事物持否定态度。故选D项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 10.What is a concern about the rise of driverless cars today? A. It brings gray areas in responsibility. B. It favors a certain socioeconomic group. C. It weakens competition in certain jobs. D. It makes car driving a lost art. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Larger concerns today move to numerous laws that can be broken when no one is at the wheel. Who is to blame if a pregnant person takes a driverless car across state lines to obtain an abortion, for example? Or when driverless cars transport illegal drugs? (今天更大的担忧转移到许多法律上,当没有人在开车时,这些法律可能会被违反。例如,如果孕妇乘坐无人驾驶汽车穿越州界进行堕胎,谁应该受到责备?或者当无人驾驶汽车运输非法毒品时?)”可推知,无人驾驶汽车对于某些非法现象在责任归属方面难以界定,产生了责任的灰色地带。故选A项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 11.What is suggested regarding driverless cars? A. Exploring new technology further. B. Overcoming worries about driverless cars. C. Putting humans physically behind the wheel. D. Building more roads to avoid congestion. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And now that they drive themselves, historians say, we need to remember that the world and the streets belong to us and not to the cars. We need to stay behind the wheel, even if that’s only a figure of speech. (历史学家说,现在它们自己开车,我们需要记住,世界和街道属于我们,而不是汽车。我们需要坐在方向盘后面,即使这只是一个比喻。)”可知,人们需要对无人驾驶汽车进行监督和控制来克服对无人驾驶的担忧。故选C项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 12.What is the best title of the text? A. Driverless Cars: Pioneering a New Era B. Driverless Cars? How Innovations Shape the World C. Driverless Cars: Bridging the Past and Present D. Driverless Cars? What History Teaches Us 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　标题归纳题。根据第二段中“The comment of the anxious TikToker reminds historian Victor McFarland of what it was like when cars first hit American streets around a hundred years ago. The pedestrians yelled ‘Get a horse’ to motorists in the 1910s. But McFarland, who teaches at the University of Missouri, says the new beasts known as automobiles were more threatening and unfamiliar to people a century ago than driverless cars are to us now. (焦虑的Tik Tok用户的评论让历史学家维克多·麦克法兰(Victor McFarland)想起了大约一百年前汽车首次出现在美国街头时的样子。在20世纪10年代,行人向驾车者大喊“找匹 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 马来”。但是,在密苏里大学任教的麦克法兰说,一个世纪前,被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比现在的无人驾驶汽车更具威胁性和陌生 感。)”以及本文回顾了百年前人们对汽车的态度,由历史照见今日,给今天无人驾驶技术的问题带来了启示,D项“Driverless Cars? What History Teaches Us (无人驾驶汽车?历史教给我们什么)”最适合作文章标题。故选D项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 阅读　D　(2024·郑州月考)　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会　难度:★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Imagine being able to go to your local park and pick some tomatoes, potatoes or even bananas to take home for dinner. Sounds too good to be true, right? For residents of Andernach, a German city, it’s not just a Utopian dream—it’s their reality. In 2010, Andernach began its “edible city” project, planting 101 varieties of tomatoes in public green spaces around the city centre. Its 30,000 residents are free to help themselves to whatever grows, as are any other visitors. Every year a new type of plant 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 is introduced. In 2011, 100 types of beans were planted, while 2012 saw the introduction of 20 onion varieties. The town’s motto (座右铭) is, “Picking is encouraged—help yourself!” It’s a community effort, as local citizens are encouraged to help plant and maintain the gardens. This offers an opportunity to socialize as well as to learn about planting, cultivating and harvesting food. “I often drop by to pick some herbs that I’m missing at home. Everything is easily accessible. There aren’t any fences. You just take what you need. The only thing is you have to be quick once the fruits are ripe or they’ll all be 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 gone!” said a local historian. Andernach may be the first, but it isn’t the only edible city. It’s part of the Edible Cities Network, an EU-funded project connecting green urban food initiatives (倡议) around the world. Other edible cities include Carthage in Tunisia, Havana in Cuba and Šempeter-Vrtojba in Slovenia. In February 2022, the first Edible Cities Network Conference took place. Dr. Ina Säumel, Principal Investigator of the Edible Cities Network, called it “a unique opportunity to invite researchers and practitioners (从业人员) of Edible City Solutions to the same table and unite theory with practice”. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 Ultimately, the Edible Cities Network aims to create “greener, more edible and, above all, more livable cities”. It is a response to the pressures of climate change, and a cause for hope. 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国城市Andernach的“可食用城市”项目及其所属的“可食用城市网络”项目在全球范围的发展情况。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 13.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The process of Andernach’s growth. B. The green food project in Andernach. C. Methods of planting vegetables in Europe. D. The popularity of Andernach’s city design. 答案与解析　B　段落大意题。根据第一段中“In 2010, Andernach began its ‘edible city’ project, planting 101 varieties of tomatoes in public 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 green spaces around the city centre. Its 30,000 residents are free to help themselves to whatever grows, as are any other visitors. Every year a new type of plant is introduced. In 2011, 100 types of beans were planted, while 2012 saw the introduction of 20 onion varieties.”(2010年,安德纳赫开始了“可食用城市”项目,在市中心周围的公共绿地种植了101种西红柿。这里的3万名居民和其他游客一样,可以随意摘取任何种植的东 西。每年都会引进一种新的植物。2011年种植了100种豆子,2012年引进了20种洋葱。)可知,第一段主要讲的是安德纳赫的绿色食品项目。故选B项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 14.What is the attitude of the local historian mentioned in Paragraph 2 towards the project? Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I often drop by to pick some herbs that I’m missing at home. Everything is easily accessible. There aren’t any fences. You just take what you need.”(我经常顺便去摘一些我在家缺的草药。一切都很容易获得。没有任何栅栏。你只需要拿你需要的。)可知,这名当地的历史学家经常去采摘药草,并觉得这是很方便的。由此推知,这名历史学家对该项目持支持的态度。故选C项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 15.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Green urban food has drawn more attention. B. German rural areas will follow the trend too. C. Asia will join the Edible Cities Network soon. D. Edible cities hold meetings on a regular basis. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段“Andernach may be the first, but it isn’t the only edible city. It’s part of the Edible Cities Network, an EU-funded project connecting green urban food initiatives (倡议) around the world. Other edible cities include Carthage in Tunisia, Havana in Cuba and Šempeter-Vrtojba in Slovenia. In February 2022, the first Edible Cities Network Conference took place. Dr. Ina Säumel, Principal Investigator of the Edible Cities Network, called it ‘a unique opportunity to invite researchers and practitioners (从业人员) of Edible City Solutions to the same table and unite theory with practice’.”(安德纳赫可能是第一 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 个可食用城市,但它并不是唯一一个可食用城市。这是“可食用城市网络”的一部分,该网络是一个由欧盟资助的项目,将世界各地的绿色城市食品倡议联系在一起。其他可食用城市包括突尼斯的迦太基、古巴的哈瓦那和斯洛文尼亚的Šempeter-Vrtojba。2022年2月,首届“可食用城市网络会议”召开。食用城市网络首席研究员Ina Säumel博士称这是“一个独特的机会,邀请可食用城市解决方案的研究人员和实践者坐在同一张桌子上,将理论与实践结合起来”。)可推知,绿色城市食品引起了越来越多的关注。故选A项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 16.Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Start a Green Food Campaign Now B. Gain Easy Access to German Food C. Quick Response to Climate Change D. An Incredible “Edible City” Initiative 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文以及最后一段“Ultimately, the Edible Cities Network aims to create ‘greener, more edible and, above all, more livable cities’. It is a response to the pressures of climate change, and a cause for hope.”(“可食城市网络”的最终目标是打造“更绿色、更可食、最重要的是更宜居的城市”。这是对气候变化压力的回应,也是希望的源泉。)可知,本文主要介绍了德国城市Andernach的“可食用城市”项目及其所属的‘可食用城市网络’项目在全球范围的发展情况。因此,D项“一个令人难以置信的‘可食用城市’倡议”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 七选五　体裁:说明文　主题语境:完善自我　难度:★★☆☆☆ 　　Being highly critical or talking down to yourself are examples of self-criticism that highlight your own weaknesses. You may feel you don’t meet your own personal standards or expectations. Fortunately, you can improve this pattern of self-criticism by changing your thought patterns and practicing positive affirmations (情感上的支持或鼓励). ·What is self-criticism? Self-criticism is the act of thinking negatively about yourself. Individuals with self-critical tendencies face self-created problems due to 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 their tough standards and internalized social values for self-evaluation. 　1　 For some individuals, self-criticism can have a negative effect on day-to-day mood and may be a factor for depression and other forms of mental illness.  ·Can self-criticism be good? 　2　 If people use personal criticism in a way that’s useful to complete tasks and achieve goals, it can be beneficial. They can use it as a way to examine their decisions and behaviors and evaluate whether they need to make any changes.  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 · 　3　  People with avoidant (回避反应的) attachment styles avoid closeness. This may prevent them from developing relationships for how to show compassion (同情) for themselves and others. Self-criticism is also likely to arise from shame, insecure attachments, and having low self-esteem. ·Examples of self-criticism When individuals engage in negative self-assessment, they create an 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 inner dialogue that uses demeaning (贬低的) and demotivating language. 　4　 They may say, “I am easily disappointed with myself.” “I can’t accept failures and setbacks without feeling inadequate.” and “I stop caring about myself.”  ·How can self-criticism be overcome? To overcome self-criticism, it’s helpful to be honest with yourself about the role you play. You can start to identify how your self-criticism impacts your mood and daily routine. 　5　  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 A. Self-criticism isn’t always bad. B. Where does self-criticism come from? C. If so, please step outside your comfort zone. D. Self-criticism is associated with little progress. E. It’s also important to seek professional help as needed. F. Examples of self-criticism include phrases and negative self-talk. G. As a result, they’re unsure of their thoughts, feelings, and emotions. 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服自我批评的一些建议。 1.G　上文“Self-criticism is the act of thinking negatively about yourself. Individuals with self-critical tendencies face self-created problems due to their tough standards and internalized social values for self-evaluation. (自我批评是一种消极看待自己的行为。具有自我批评倾向的个体由于其严格的自我评价标准和内化的社会价值观而面临着自我制造的问题。)”说明具有自我批评倾向的人要面对一些问题。选项G“因此,他们不确定自己的想法、感受和情绪。”承接上文,和上文存在因果关 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 系。选项中的they指代上文“Individuals with self-critical tendencies”。故选G项。 2.A　下文“If people use personal criticism in a way that’s useful to complete tasks and achieve goals, it can be beneficial. They can use it as a way to examine their decisions and behaviors and evaluate whether they need to make any changes. (如果人们以一种对完成任务和实现目标有用的方式来使用个人批评,它可能是有益的。他们可以用它来检查他们的决定和行为,并评估他们是否需要做出任何改变。)”说明如果以某种有用的方式来使用自我批评,它是有好处的。选项A“自我批评并不总是坏的。”概括说明了本段内容。故选A项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 3.B　下文“People with avoidant (回避反应的) attachment styles avoid closeness. This may prevent them from developing relationships for how to show compassion (同情) for themselves and others. Self-criticism is also likely to arise from shame, insecure attachments, and having low self-esteem. (逃避依恋类型的人避免亲密。这可能会阻碍他们发展对自己和他人表示同情的人际关系。自我批评也可能源于羞耻、不安全的依恋和自卑。)”说明自我批评源于与他人避免亲密,也源于羞耻、不安全的依恋和自卑,回答了自我批评从哪里来的问题。选项B“自我批评从何而来?”引出下文,是对下文的提问,为本段小标题。选项中的come from与下文“arise from”同义。故选B项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 4.F　上文“When individuals engage in negative self-assessment, they create an inner dialogue that uses demeaning (贬低的) and demotivating language. (当个人进行消极的自我评估时,他们会使用贬低和失去动力的语言进行内心对话。)”,选项F“自我批评的例子包括短语和消极的自我对话。”承接上文,是对上文的进一步解释,同时引出下文“They may say, ‘I am easily disappointed with myself.’ ‘I can’t accept failures and setbacks without feeling inadequate.’ and ‘I stop caring about myself.’ (他们可能会说:‘我很容易对自己感到失望。’‘我不能接受失败和挫折而不感到不足’,‘我不再关心自己了。’)”。故选F项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 5.E　上文“To overcome self-criticism, it’s helpful to be honest with yourself about the role you play. You can start to identify how your self-criticism impacts your mood and daily routine. (为了克服自我批评,诚实面对自己所扮演的角色是很有帮助的。你可以开始认识到你的自我批评是如何影响你的情绪和日常生活的。)”说明想要克服自我批评,要诚实面对自己,认识它如何影响情绪和生活,也可以采用其他方法。选项E“必要时寻求专业帮助也很重要。”承接上文,想要克服自我批 评,还可以寻求专业帮助。故选E项。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 完形填空　(2024·石家庄一中高三考试)　体裁:记叙文　主题语境:个人经历　难度:★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Kevin Hyde, who has been sailing his whole life, recently invited Joe DiTommasso to Florida on his sailboat. The first part of their 　1　 went well, and they stopped for a 　2　 in the Outer Banks.  That’s where things went 　3　. Suddenly they found themselves inside a heavy storm at sea. “I’ve never heard winds so bad my whole life!” Joe 　4　. As the ocean churned (剧烈翻滚) around them, the 50- 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 foot mast (桅杆) of the sailboat 　5　, and their radios didn’t 　6　 either, leaving them at the mercy of the stormy sea.  When Kevin and Joe’s families 　7　 touch with them, they reported them missing to the Coast Guard. Soon, a full 　8　 began, but rescuers weren’t even sure which 　9　 to start looking for them.  Floating for days with no mast, gas, or electricity, Kevin and Joe prayed for 　10　. By the 10th day at sea, they were feeling more 　11　 than ever.  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 Just when it seemed that all was lost, they got 　12　 from a huge international ship called the Silver Muna. 　13　 an attentive crew member 　14　 the tiny sailboat. Captain Neeraj Chaudhary immediately stopped his ship. Rescuing the men was exciting for all involved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were 　15　 aboard his ship.  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 1.A. friendship B. journey C. life D. day 2.A. meal B. discussion C. rest D. plan 3.A. wrong B. bad C. wild D. smooth 4.A. recalled B. shouted C. thought D. smelled 5.A. broke away B. broke in C. broke out D. broke off 6.A. reply B. work C. stop D. escape 7.A. kept B. found C. left D. lost 8.A. behavior B. search C. discovery D. invention 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 9.A. person B. boat C. direction D. radio 10.A. rescue B. food C. water D. free 11.A. lucky B. regretful C. excited D. desperate 12.A. attacks B. help C. emails D. letters 13.A. Luckily B. Sorrowfully C. Interestingly D. Patiently 14.A. studied B. designed C. destroyed D. spotted 15.A. blown B. expanded C. pulled D. exported 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 答案与解析　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯文和乔在海上航行时遭遇暴风雨,船上桅杆断裂,无线电失灵,漂流数日后被一艘名为“银穆纳”号的国际船只救起。 1.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们的第一部分旅程进行得很顺利,他们在外滩停下来休息。根据“Kevin Hyde, who has been sailing his whole life, recently invited Joe DiTommasso to Florida on his sailboat.”可知,这里指去佛罗里达的旅行。故选B。friendship “友谊”; journey “旅程”; life “生活”; day “天”。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 2.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据“The first part of their 　1　 went well”可知,凯文和乔在第一部分旅行之后休息。故选C。meal “一餐”; discussion “讨论”; rest “休息”; plan “计划”。  3.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在这里事情出了岔子。go wrong “出错”。根据“Suddenly they found themselves inside a heavy storm at sea.”可知,凯文和乔在外滩停下来休息时事情出了岔子。故选A。wrong “错误的”; bad “坏的”; wild “野生的”; smooth “光滑的”。 4.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我这辈子从没听过这么厉害的风!” 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 乔回忆道。根据“I’ve never heard winds so bad my whole life!”及后文可知,这里指乔回忆当时的状况。故选A。recalled “回忆”; shouted “大喊”; thought “想”; smelled “闻”。 5.D　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当大海在他们周围翻腾时,帆船上50英尺长的桅杆断了,他们的无线电也坏了,他们只能任由狂风暴雨的大海摆布。根据“Floating for days with no mast, gas, or electricity, Kevin and Joe prayed for 　10　.”可知,狂风将帆船上的桅杆折断了。故选D。broke away “逃脱”; broke in “破门而入”; broke out “爆发”; broke off “折断”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 6.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据“leaving them at the mercy of the stormy sea”可知,船上的无线电也无法运转了。故选B。reply “回复”; work “工作,运转”; stop “停止”; escape “逃离”。 7.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意:当凯文和乔的家人与他们失去联系 时,他们向海岸警卫队报告了他们的失踪。根据“and their radios didn’t 　6　 either, leaving them at the mercy of the stormy sea”可知,因为无线电不工作了,所以凯文和乔与家人失去了联系。故选D。kept “保存”; found “发现”; left “离开”; lost “失去”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 8.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意:很快,全面搜索开始了,但救援人员甚至不确定从哪个方向开始寻找他们。根据“When Kevin and Joe’s families 　7　 touch with them, they reported them missing to the Coast Guard.”可知,因为家人的报告,海岸警卫队的救援人员开始帮助寻找失踪的凯文和乔。故选B。behavior “行为”; search “寻找”; discovery “发现”; invention “发明”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 9.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据“and their radios didn’t 　6　 either, leaving them at the mercy of the stormy sea”可知,他们和岸上的人失去了联系,人们不知道他们的行踪,因此海岸警卫队的救援人员不知道从哪个方向寻找。故选C。person “个人”; boat “船”; direction “方向”; radio “无线电”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 10.A　考查名词或形容词词义辨析。句意:在没有桅杆、汽油和电的情况下漂浮了好几天,凯文和乔祈祷着获救。根据“Floating for days with no mast, gas, or electricity”可知,因为绝望无助,所以凯文和乔祈祷着有人来救他们。故选A。rescue “拯救,救援”; food “食物”; water “水”; free “自由的”。 11.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在海上航行的第十天,他们感到前所未有的绝望。根据“By the 10th day at sea”可知,因为十天无人救援,所以凯文和乔绝望无助。故选D。lucky “幸运的”; regretful “遗憾的”; excited “激动的”; desperate “绝望的”。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 12.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意:就在一切似乎都完了的时候,他们得到了一艘名为“银穆纳”号的大型国际船只的帮助。根据“Rescuing the men was exciting for all involved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were 　15　 aboard his ship.”可知,就在凯文和乔绝望无助之 时,他们得到了名为“银穆纳”号的一艘大型国际船只的帮助。故选B。attacks “攻击”; help “帮助”; emails “邮件”; letters “信”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 13.A　考查副词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,一位细心的船员发现了这艘小帆船。根据“an attentive crew member 　14　 the tiny sailboat. Rescuing the men was exciting for all involved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were 　15　 aboard his ship”可知,船员发现了凯文和乔的小帆船并救了他们,这是幸运的。故选A。Luckily “幸运地”; Sorrowfully “悲哀地”; Interestingly “有趣地”; Patiently “耐心地”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 14.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据“Rescuing the men was exciting for all involved and even the ship’s captain cried when the men were 　15　 aboard his ship.”可知,细心的船员发现了凯文和乔的小帆船。故选D。studied “学习”; designed “设计”; destroyed “摧毁”; spotted “发现”。  限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 15.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:营救这些人对所有参与其中的人来说都是令人兴奋的,甚至当他们被拉上船时,船长也哭了。 根据“Rescuing the men was exciting for all involved and even the ship’s captain cried”并结合他们漂在海上的情节可知,凯文和乔被救援人员拉上船。故选C。blown “吹”; expanded “扩张”; pulled “拉”; exported “出口”。 限时练15　必修第三册　UNIT 8(A组) 高考复习顶层设计 英语 第 ‹#› 页 赢在字里行间 本部分内容讲解结束 $$