必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考划重点（人教版2019）

UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES 学案1　练学核心单词 加黑体词语是必修第三册 UNIT 1 的语言知识复现,如有遗忘请及时回顾。 教材新练法　通教材才能百通 1.One of the advantages of electing ___________ (energy) and positive young people is that they tend ___________ (show) interest in their work and they are eager ___________ (learn). 2.I saw her ___________ (whisper) something into his ear, obviously not wanting ___________ (hear). 3.Many Americans complained ___________ the sharp increase in the cost of health care and health ___________ (insure) recently. 4.In 1954, she ___________ (elect) to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several ___________ (decade), she held many positions. 5.Feeling hurt by the ___________ (reject), she ___________ (bite) her lip and quietly walked away. 答案　1.energetic; to show; to learn　2.whispering; to be heard　3.about; insurance　4.was elected; decades　5.rejection; bit 高考这样考　知高考才会应对 1.This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant ___________ (respond). (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which ___________ (illustrate) what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 3.The task John set for himself was to remove ___________ (harm) substances from some sludge (污泥). (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 4.Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change ___________ (cause) dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades. (2023·浙江首考) 答案与解析　 1.response　空处作表语,且空前是the +形容词dominant,故空处填名词。根据主语it可知, 此处用单数形式,填response。 2.illustrated　空处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语,且主句是一般过去时,故从句用一般过去时,填illustrated。 3.harmful　空处作定语,修饰名词substances, 结合语境中的“污泥”可知,表“有害的”,填形容词harmful。 4.have caused　句中时间状语是over the past couple of decades,故谓语用现在完成时, 主语是“Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change”，故谓语用复数形式,填have caused。 词缀记忆法　形容词后缀-ic/-(a)tic表“属于……的,具有……性质的” +-ic ①organ器官;机构→organic有机的; ②period时期;阶段→periodic定期的;周期的; ③base基础→basic基本的; ④history历史→historic有历史意义的 +-tic ⑤drama戏;剧→dramatic巨大的;戏剧性的; ⑥energy精力→energetic精力充沛的; ⑦sympathy同情→sympathetic有同情心的; ⑧enthusiasm热情→enthusiastic热情的; ⑨optimism乐观→optimistic乐观的 特殊 ⑩system系统→systematic系统的; 11science科学→scientific科学的 教师独具 You might think about posting (post) what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response (respond). (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 　 1.appoint vt. ①___________　②___________ 练基础　单句语法填空 ①The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, who at that time ___________ (appoint) by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor’s office, write them down and bring the list with you to your ___________ (appoint). ③He failed to turn up for a dinner at the ___________ (appoint) time. ④The president announced the ___________ (appoint) of Mary as head of sales. 提写作　试写佳句　背诵 他已养成了守约的习惯,从不违约。(短文) ⑤___________________________________________ 答案　①任命;委派　②指定;约定　①was appointed　②appointment　③appointed　④appointment　⑤He has got into the habit of keeping an appointment and never breaks an appointment. 2.majority n. ___________ 练基础　单句语法填空 ①The ___________ (major) of students show great respect for their teachers. ②The majority ___________ in favor of banning smoking while the minority of them ___________ against it. (be) ◆敲黑板 ①“a/the majority of+名词”作主语时,其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数;②the majority作主语时,谓语动词既可以用复数,也可以用单数。 答案　大部分;大多数　①majority　②was/were; were 3.assist vt. ___________ 练基础　单句语法填空 ①As an ___________, he ___________ the professor with the experiment. And his ___________ makes the experiment successful. (assist) ②You will be employed to assist ___________ the development of new equipment. ③The guide managed to assist the tourists ___________ (find) a comfortable hotel to live in. 提写作　试写佳句　背诵 在老师的帮助下,我逐渐适应了学校生活。(短文) ④___________________________________________ (介词短语) ⑤___________________________________________ (分词短语作状语) 答案　帮助;援助　①assistant; assists; assistance ②in/with　③to find　④With the assistance of my teacher, I gradually adjusted to the school life. ⑤Assisted by my teacher, I gradually adjusted to the school life. Ⅰ.词形转换和动词形式变化 1.They would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children ___________ (weep) from the cold. In spring, the snow ___________ (replace) by mud over ice. (2022·全国乙卷改编) 2.In the view of the ___________ (retire) teacher, humor can make one ___________ (energy) in his work, study and life. 3.The pencil doesn’t write well, so I should ___________ (sharp) it before drawing a picture of the great figure. 4.Their main ___________ (complain) is that the prices of a wide range of daily goods have risen ___________ (sharp) in the past days. 5.An actor ___________ (hire) by the researchers grabbed her food first. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 6.I had intended to buy a gift to congratulate him on his ___________ (marry), but I ___________ (reject). 7.We ___________ (complain) to the travel agency about the terrible service during the trip the other day. However, no one ___________ (respond) until now. 答案与解析　 1.weeping; was replaced　第一空在句中作宾补,children与weep是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作宾补; 第二空在句中作谓语,且前一句是一般过去时,故此处用一般过去时;主语the snow与replace是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was replaced。 2.retired; energetic　第一空在句中作定语,修饰名词teacher,表“退休的”,填retired;第二空在句中作宾补,表“精力充沛的”,填energetic。 3.sharpen　设空在句中作谓语,应用动词,空前是情态动词should,故填动词原形sharpen。 4.complaint; sharply　第一空作主语,且空前是形容词main,结合谓语is可知,该空填单数名词complaint;第二空作状语,修饰谓语,应用副词,填sharply。 5.hired　hire与actor是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。 6.marriage; was rejected　第一空作介词on的宾语,且空前是his,故填名词marriage;第二空作谓语,故用一般过去时,主语I与reject为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,填was rejected。 7.complained; has responded　第一句时间状语是the other day,故用一般过去时,填complained;第二句时间状语是until now,应用现在完成时,填has responded。 Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配 　　According to a recent survey, ①___________ majority of doctors were not satisfied with their working conditions and income, especially those from hospitals in small towns. A physician working in a large public hospital often has to see 100 patients per day. The researchers ②___________ (conduct) the survey concluded that if hospitals and clinics serving the general public received more support, it would help to keep their medical staff from ③___________ (leave) the profession, and therefore the public would continue to receive good health services. ④___________ response to a question about ⑤___________ (tension) between doctors and patients, some respondents complain ⑥___________ misleading media reports about doctors have greatly ⑦___________ (harm) society, causing the public to distrust medical workers. 答案　①the　②conducting　③leaving　④In　⑤tensions　⑥that　⑦harmed Ⅲ.熟词生义和派生/合成词汇 熟词生义　熟义新义无关联 A. precious B. scary C. passive D. absorbing The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. (2023·全国甲卷阅读) ___________ 答案与解析　 D　sharp 引人入胜的。 学案2　掌握短语和句式 加黑体词语是必修第三册 UNIT 2 的词汇复现,如有遗忘请及时回顾。 教材新练法　通教材才能百通 1.___________ the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could ___________ (assist) the Chinese people. 2.The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi ___________ (play) a key role. 3.After Dr Bethune’s death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article ___________ memory of him, ___________ (praise) Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China. 4.These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look ___________ the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her ___________ a life of hard choices. 5.A moral dilemma is a situation ___________ you have two or more difficult choices ___________ (make). 6.And even as she lay ___________ (die), her final thoughts were ___________ others. 答案　1.Despite; to assist　2.playing　3.in; praising　4.into; through　5.where; to make　6.dying; for 高考这样考　知高考才会应对 1.He has sent two messages ___________ (say) that he’s done with his work at the office. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.I tend ___________ (travel) with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures ___________ take photos along the way. (2023·全国乙卷) 3.On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick ___________ some groceries. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 答案与解析　 1.saying　空处作定语修饰messages, 应用非谓语动词, messages与say是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作后置定语,填saying。 be done with sth. “完成某事”。 2.to travel; and　tend to do sth. “易于做某事, 往往会做某事”。 3.up　pick up “买”。 1.the+序数词+不定式作后置定语 ①She immediately became the first woman ever ___________ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. ②Four years later, she was the first African American woman ___________ (receive) a medical degree. (2023·全国乙卷) ③In the 1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter ___________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (全国卷Ⅰ) ④Although the majority of the current population is of European descent, it was the ethnic minority group known as the Maori who were the first ___________ (settle) there. ◆敲黑板 序数词或序数词修饰名词时,其后常用不定式作后置定语,此时不定式与主语为逻辑上的主谓关系。答案　①to be hired　②to receive　③permitted/to be permitted　④to settle 2.see等感官动词+宾语+宾补 ①He looked up and saw Eric ___________ (hang) from the balcony. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) ②The retired worker was seen ___________ (disappear) in the distance. ③My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor ___________ (head) towards the motorway. I ran desperately but failed to catch up. (浙江卷) ④Panicking, he heard footsteps ___________ (come) down the corridor outside. ⑤He noticed a little package in brown paper ___________ (lie) on the floor. ◆敲黑板 “see+宾语+do”结构在被动语态中, do要改为to do形式。 答案　①hanging　②to disappear　③heading　④coming　⑤lying 3.would rather句式 ①She responded, “I’d rather ___________ (stay) single to study all my life!” ②I would rather I ___________ (complain) to him about the service yesterday. ③The energetic physician would go climbing this weekend rather than ___________ (watch) the boring film indoors. ④I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not ___________ (do) that. ⑤Many game developers would rather that the public ___________ (enjoy) their games for free, and that’s why you can find some great parts among them. 答案　①stay　②had complained　③watch　④have done　⑤enjoyed 1)would rather do ... than do .../would do ... rather than do ... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 2)would rather +sb./sth. did ... (表对现在或将来的虚拟) 宁愿某人做…… would rather +sb./sth. had done ... (表对过去的虚拟) 宁愿某人做了…… 4.动词-ing形式作非谓语 ①___________ (understand) how habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits. (2023·北京卷) ②It was a neighbor called Mario, ___________ (come) to bring us a box ___________ (contain) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. (2023·全国甲卷) ③Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, ___________ (describe) her life as a physician. (2023·全国乙卷) ④I decided to commit to ___________ (complete) the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people ___________ (work) to protect nature. (2022·北京卷) ⑤If you are struggling to stay motivated, consider ___________ (give) yourself rewards for each goal you achieve. ⑥___________ (wander) in the old town in the daytime, one can always see the elderly ___________ (dance) in a circle while ___________ (sing) traditional songs. ⑦Barry retired in 1859, ___________ (practice) her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (2023·全国乙卷) ⑧He was lucky enough that he just missed ___________ (injure) in the accident. ⑨A Chinese drama dance has made its global debut (首次亮相) abroad, ___________ (cause) a new wave of discussion on the beauty of Chinese culture. ◆敲黑板 ①动词的-ing形式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语和状语;②动词的-ing形式的时态和语态应高度重视,一般式doing;完成式 having done,表示非谓语所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作前发生,强调动作的一前一后;一般式的主动式doing,被动式being done;完成式的主动式having done,被动式having been done。 答案　①Understanding　②coming; containing　③describing　④completing; working　⑤giving　⑥Wandering; dancing; singing　⑦having practiced　⑧being injured　⑨causing 学案3　最提分微写作 应用文写作提分练　短文(人物介绍)要介绍的人物→人物简介→成就 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:1.人物简介;2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(加黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1.我们身边有很多值得尊敬的人。我首先想到的是李叔叔。 There are many respectable people around us. The first ___________________________ is Uncle Li. 2.从十年前起,他就被雇为我们社区的警卫。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3.虽然他的工作可能很无聊,但他从不抱怨,总是精力充沛。 Though his work may be boring, he never ___________________________. 4.他不仅坚持工作,还花了大量时间帮助需要帮助的人。(动词-ing形式) (普通表达) He not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　those in need. (满分表达) ___________________________________________________________________________ (倒装句) 5.由于他的美德和贡献,他被选为我们社区的模范。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 答案　1.to come to my mind　2.He has been hired as a guard in our community since a decade ago.　3.complains about it and tends to be energetic　4.carries on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting; Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need.　5.He has been elected as a role model in our community because of his virtues and contributions. 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇,如therefore等) 范文　 The Person I Respect 　　There are many respectable people around us. The first to come to my mind is Uncle Li. He has been hired as a guard in our community since a decade ago. Though his work may be boring, he never complains about it and tends to be energetic. Not only does he carry on working but he also spends a great deal of time assisting those in need. Therefore, he has been elected as a role model in our community because of his virtues and contributions. 续写提分小语段　(主题:车祸救人) 根据左栏汉语和黑体部分的提示,利用本单元所复习的词汇和句式补全小语段,并背诵成文。 当我看到这可怕的场面时,我吓了一大跳:有些人晕倒了;有些人一瘸一拐地去找他们的孩子。有些人哭着打电话寻求帮助。人群中弥漫着一种绝望和恐惧的气氛。我反应迅速,拿起电话叫了救护车。然后,我给一个小女孩做了急救,给她的断腿包扎。感激的泪水从她的眼里流出,她的嘴唇颤抖着,低声向我道谢。救护车很快就到了,伤者都被迅速送往医院。 It gave me quite a scare when I saw ①___________________________: Some people ②___________; ③___________________________. Some ④___________________________. ⑤___________________________(无灵主语句). I ⑥___________ quickly, ⑦___________________________ and called an ambulance. Then, I ⑧___________________________, bandaging her broken leg. ⑨___________________________ (独立主格), she ⑩___________________________. Soon the ambulance arrived, and all the injured were rushed to the hospital. 仿写(核对答案后仿效加曲线句)她看着他,双目圆睁,充满恐惧:“你吓了我一跳!” 11___________________________________________ 答案　①the scary scene　②fainted　③some limped to look for their children　④were calling in tears to seek assistance　⑤An air of despair and fear settled over the crowd　⑥responded　⑦picked up my phone ⑧gave first aid to a young girl　⑨Tears of gratitude spilling out of her eyes　⑩whispered thanks to me with her lips trembling　11She looked at him with wide, scared eyes,“You gave me a scare! ” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$