必修第一册 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考划重点（人教版2019）

UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS 学案1　练学核心单词 加黑体词语是必修第一册 UNIT 2 的语言知识复现,如有遗忘请及时回顾。 　 教材新练法　通教材才能百通 1.Children who compete ___________ a sport will learn how to deal with stress because even though they work hard ___________ (master) the skills needed for a sport, it does not mean they will always win. 2.A high school class has a wellness book ___________ which they exchange ideas about health and ___________ (fit). 3.In sports, there is no use pretending ___________ (fall) down or be hurt, because in the end, the audience will see ___________ it. 4.By being positive ___________ myself and my body, I became both happier and ___________ (healthy). 答案　1.in; to master　2.in; fitness　3.to fall; through　4.about; healthier 高考这样考　知高考才会应对 1.Well, the training is very ___________ (compete), weightlifting and running every day. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, ___________ she learned that she had serious ___________ (injure) in one of her knees. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 3.During the cookout, I told my ___________ (host) about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. (2023·浙江首考) 4.Or do you just want to be ___________ (physical) fit, able to move with ___________ (strong) and flexibility? (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 5.With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙的) ___________ (compete). (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 答案与解析　 1.competitive　空处作表语, 表“有竞争力的;竞争性的”,填competitive。 2.where; injuries　第一空引导定语从句,从句先行词是a hospital,指地点,从句中缺少状语,应用where引导定语从句;第二空作宾语,且空前是形容词serious,故空处填名词,injury是可数名词,空前无表“一”的限定词,故填复数名词injuries。 3.hosts　根据下一句中的主语They可知, host用复数形式,填hosts。 4.physically; strength　第一空作状语,修饰形容词fit,应用副词,填physically;第二空作介词with的宾语,此处指“用体力”,故填名词strength。 5.competition　空前有冠词a,且有形容词subtle,故空处填单数名词competition。 词缀记忆法　名词后缀-y/-ty表示性质、状态、动作或结果等 ①injure伤害→injury伤害; ②discover发现→discovery发现; ③deliver递送→delivery递送; ④recover恢复→recovery恢复;痊愈; ⑤honest诚实的→honesty诚实; ⑥difficult困难的→difficulty困难; ⑦modest谦虚的→modesty谦虚; ⑧safe安全的→safety安全; ⑨cruel残酷的→cruelty残酷 教师独具 Write a poem about how courage, determination (determine), and strength (strong) have helped you face challenges in your life. (新高考Ⅰ卷) 　 1.honour n. ___________　vt. 　　　 　　  练基础　单句语法填空 ①I feel ___________ (honour) to make a speech to celebrate Teachers’ Day ___________ honour of our ___________ (honour) teachers. ②The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou ___________ (honour) with the Noble Prize ___________ her contribution in treating malaria. 提写作　试写佳句　背诵 如有幸被录用, 我将不辜负您的期望。(应用文之申请信) ③___________________________________________ 答案　荣誉;尊敬;荣幸　使感到荣幸;给予……荣誉;尊重　①honoured; in; honourable　②was honoured; for　③If I have the honour of being accepted, I will live up to your expectations. 2.determination n. ___________ 练基础　单句语法填空 ①My father is a man of great ___________. If he is ___________ to do something, nothing can change his mind. He always tells us that it is our efforts rather than our intelligence that ___________ our success. (determine) ②The young athlete determined ___________ (give) her mother a pleasant surprise. ③At the end of the day, she packed up all her books, and ___________ (determine) never to return to school again. 提写作　试写佳句　背诵 我从这次经历中学到了永不放弃和决心的重要一课。(续写主旨升华) ④___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 答案　决心;决定　①determination; determined; determine　②to give　③determined　④I learnt an important lesson about never giving up and determination from the experience. 3.failure n. ___________________________________________ 练基础　写出下面黑体部分的含义 ①It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. (2021·浙江卷) ___________ ②As her eyesight began to fail, she found it increasingly hard to read. ___________ ③He saw a terrible accident in which a car’s brake failed. ___________ ④Failure to observe all park rules could result in being driven out of the park. ___________ 答案　失败;失败的人(或事物)　生义:故障;失灵;未做;未履行;衰退　①失败的事　②衰退　③失灵;出故障　④没做到 4.续写提分小妙招　fail的灵活使用 诵读领悟 ①She tried to be brave, but her courage failed her. 她想勇敢,却鼓不起勇气。 ②He failed her in her moment of need. 她最需要他的时候,他却辜负了她。 提写作　试写佳句　背诵 无论何时双胞胎需要父亲的帮助,他从未让他们失望过。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ③___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 她必须在丧失勇气之前马上离开。 ④___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ◆敲黑板 one’s courage/will/nerve fails sb. 某人的勇气/意志/胆量消失 答案　③Whenever the twins needed his help, their father never failed them.　④She had to leave immediately, before her courage/nerve failed her. 　 Ⅰ.词形转换和动词形式变化 1.The training is super hard, but the ___________ (hard) part for me is that I got an ___________ (injure) which may take me out for years. (2022·全国乙卷改编) 2.The admirable ___________ (compete) were performing on stage, dancing ___________ (graceful). 3.It was thanks to his ___________ (athlete) abilities that the ___________ (compete) applicant was given college scholarships. 4.Thinking ___________ (positive) and confidently, the ___________ (injure) soldier gradually recovered. Also, he managed to ___________ (strong) his friendship with the doctor. 5.Something exploded in the flat, seriously ___________ (injure) at least five guests in the party ___________ (host) by the architect. 6.It ___________ (stress) that those making friends online should avoid ___________ (cheat). 7.___________ (jog) along the narrow path, the official became less ___________ (stress) and within minutes he was ___________ (sweat). 8.Since that ___________ (event) year, the athlete ___________ (compete) in more than 26 marathons, often winning the championship. ◆敲黑板 词尾加-(e)d变为形容词的有:①stressed 焦虑的;紧张的;②learned 有学问的;③talented 有天赋的;④skilled 熟练的;⑤injured 受伤的;⑥aged 年迈的;⑦retired 退休的。 答案与解析　 1.hardest; injury　第一空前是定冠词the,故空处用最高级,填hardest; 第二空作宾语,且空前是冠词an,故填名词injury。 2.competitors; gracefully　第一空在句中作主语,表“竞争者”,结合谓语were performing可知,主语用复数形式,填competitors;第二空在句中作状语,修饰非谓语动词dancing,应用副词,填gracefully。 3.athletic; competitive　第一空在句中作定语,应用形容词,表“运动的;健壮的”,填athletic, athletic ability “运动能力”;第二空在句中作定语,表“好胜的”,填competitive。 4.positively; injured; strengthen　第一空在句中修饰非谓语Thinking,应用副词作状语,填positively;第二空在句中作定语,应用形容词,表“受伤的”,填injured;第三空与空前的不定式符号to构成managed的宾语,故第三空填动词原形。strong的动词形式为strengthen “加强”。 5.injuring; hosted　第一空在句中作状语,表自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作状语,故填injuring;第二空在句中作定语, host与the party是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语,填hosted。 6.is stressed; being cheated　第一空在句中作谓语,填is stressed,构成it is stressed that ... “人们强调/着重指出……”;第二空在句中作宾语, cheat与those是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用being done形式作宾语,填being cheated。 7.Jogging; stressed; sweaty　第一空在句中作状语, the official与jog是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,填Jogging;第二空在句中作表语,与空前的less构成比较级,故填stressed;第三空在句中作表语,应用形容词,填sweaty。 8.eventful; has competed　第一空在句中作定语,表“多变故的;充满大事的”,故第一空填形容词eventful;该句时间状语是Since that eventful year,故谓语用现在完成时,主语为the athlete,故第二空填has competed。 Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配 　　All great athletes are not frightened to compete ①___________ other competitors. They keep track ②___________ their improvements in numerous ③___________ (event). Additionally, even if they are ④___________ stress, they can manage to deal with stress well. And they neither try to be even ⑤___________ (slim) nor go ⑥___________ unhealthy diets in case they add to their stress. Finally, they all have the mental strength ⑦___________ (focus) on what is most important. They never fail ⑧___________ (achieve) their goal. They all sweat ⑨___________ (they) way to success. 答案　①with　②of　③events　④under　⑤slimmer ⑥on　⑦to focus　⑧to achieve　⑨their Ⅲ.熟词生义和派生/合成词汇 派生词汇　巧借词缀推新义 The flight was uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷完形) ___________ 答案与解析　平凡的;平淡无奇的;平静无事的　un-不,非+eventful 多变故的;充满大事的→uneventful adj. 平凡的;平淡无奇的;平静无事的。 教师独具 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 　　Last Sunday witnessed a 5km cross-country running race ①hosted (host) by our school, ②in which both students and teachers of our school competed. Even if the race was rather tiring and all athletes ③sweated (sweat) a lot, no one pretended ④to fall (fall) down or gave up halfway. At last, ⑤with great determination and peseverance, all the athletes made it to the finish line. ⑥Compared (compare) with other events, the annual race never failed ⑧to receive (receive) positive response. Not only did it provide a chance for us to keep physically fit, but it also made a positive difference to those involved. (新高考Ⅰ卷满分作文改编)  学案2　掌握短语和句式 加黑体词语是必修第一册 UNIT 3 的词汇复现,如有遗忘请及时回顾。 教材新练法　通教材才能百通 1.Taking part ___________ sports is fun ___________ not always easy, so it helps children learn how to deal with stress, something ___________ everyone must learn to face in life. 2.Finally, I stopped comparing myself ___________ actresses and models and looking for things ___________ were wrong with my face or body. 3.They must be athletes ___________ are masters in their sports and also set good examples ___________ others. 4.Rather than cutting ___________ the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods ___________ my meals. I could still have a burger now ___________ then, but I would add a salad or an apple. 答案　1.in; but; that　2.with; that/which　3.who/that; for/to　4.out; to; and 高考这样考　知高考才会应对 1.The next day, she ___________ (fly) with Karen and made ___________ back to George in Virginia within a few days. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) 2.Keep the room cool rather ___________ warm to avoid feeling sleepy. (2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) 3.Come and work ___________ with our qualified personal trainer, Jodie McGregor, on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate. (2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) 4.Even ___________ you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) 答案与解析　 1.flew;it　第一空作谓语,且与句中已有的谓语动词made时态一致,应用一般过去时,填flew;第二空是动词短语make it “设法到达”。 2.than　rather than “而不是”。 3.out　work out “锻炼”。 4.if/though　even if/though 引导让步状语从句。 　 1.练通compare ... with/to ...的易错点 ①Children compare themselves ___________ others online in a way that is damaging their confidence. ②___________ (compare) to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. (2023·浙江首考) ③I have spent a lot of time ___________ (compare) what we are doing with others. (2022·北京卷改编) ④___________ (compare) film to such art forms as music and painting, you will find it has a much shorter history. ⑤___________ (compare) your house with the host’s, and you may feel happier. ⑥I thought I was badly treated but my experiences pale in ___________ (compare) with yours. ◆敲黑板 注意固定句式:祈使句+and/or/otherwise+简单句,简单句常用一般将来时。 答案　①to/with　②Compared　③comparing　④Comparing　⑤Compare　⑥comparison 2.学用rather than巧填空 ①Once I started thinking about fitness rather than ___________ (weigh), things began to change. ②Thus, it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends, family members, or classmates rather than ___________ (hold) them back. ③It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than ___________ (eat) a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next. (人教选必2) ④Rather than ___________ (think) with regret about things that have happened in the past, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, because the choices are ours, and ours alone. (外研选必4) ⑤The positive coach, rather than the players ___________ (be) working out when I entered the gym. ◆敲黑板 ①rather than作为连词时,连接平行结构,其前后的单词的词性和动词形式应一致;②介词或介词短语连接两个并列主语,谓语与最前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致;③rather than 作为介词时,其后的动词要用doing形式。 答案　①weight　②holding　③to eat　④thinking　⑤was 3.现在完成进行时和现在完成时 ①Up to now, China ___________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. (2023·北京卷) ②Well, I guess I ___________ novels since the 1980s. So you’re right. But I ___________ all my life. (write) (2023·全国乙卷) ③These birds ___________ (fly) all the way from their summer home to the wetland, where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land. ④My husband, our children and I ___________ (have) wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ⑤Since April drinks companies ___________ (force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. (2022·全国乙卷) ⑥Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant’s regular customers ___________ (stay) the same for nearly 40 years. (2021·天津卷) ⑦Since that first morning in 1978, I ___________ (follow) the habit to this day. (2021·天津卷) ◆敲黑板 ①现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或表示一个从过去某个时间延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。这个从过去开始的动作和“现在”有关联;②牢记现在完成时的时间状语: since+表过去的时间点, since then、 ever since、 recently、 so far、 up to now、 until now、 for+时间段、 in/over/during the past/last+时间段、 in/over/during recent+时间段;③现在完成进行时的时间状语: all night/this morning、 these few days/months等。 答案　①has established　②have been writing; have been writing　③have flown　④have had　⑤have been forced　⑥have stayed　⑦have been following 1)现在完成时的“已完成”用法强调动作的完成,完成进行时表示未完成。 I have read David Copperfield. 我读过《大卫·科波菲尔》。(已读完) I have been reading David Copperfield. 我一直在读《大卫·科波菲尔》。(还未读完) 2)完成进行时更强调动作延续时间之长久。 I have been staying in Lisbon for six weeks. 我在里斯本待了六周了。(强调时间很久了) I have stayed in Lisbon for six weeks. 我在里斯本待了六周了。 3)现在完成时同某些频度副词或数字连用时,表示反复的(可能有间断)动作;现在完成进行时可以表示反复的不间断动作,不能同具体次数和具体数字并存。 I’ve posted a dozen postcards, but received none. 我已寄出一打贺卡了,可一张也没收到。 I’ve been posting postcards since early December. 自12月初开始,我一直在忙着寄贺卡。 4)现在完成时感情色彩不浓,而现在完成进行时带有较为强烈的感情色彩。 You’ve been talking too much and doing too little. 你一直谈得太多做得太少。 学案3　最提分微写作 应用文写作提分练　短文3段式:运动前身体状况→运动后变化→发出呼吁 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 假定你是李华,在“全民健身日”到来之际,你校英语报面向全体学生开展征文比赛,要求参赛者通过写一篇关于自己运动前后变化的文章来宣传运动的重要性。请你写一篇英语短文参赛。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(加黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1.去年暑假,表哥邀请我打羽毛球。 Last summer vacation, ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________. 2.我不想跟随,因为我有点超重,这让我没有信心。 ___________________________ as I was a bit overweight, which made me not confident. 3.由于我的身体状况不佳,即使我只锻炼了一会儿,我也很容易感到疲倦。 Due to my poor physical condition, ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________. 4.在表哥的鼓励下,我试了一下,爱上了打羽毛球。暑假结束后,我变得苗条、健康,也更积极向上。 Encouraged by my cousin, I gave it a try and fell in love with it. After the summer vacation, ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________. 5.通过打羽毛球,我的身心都变得更健康。 尝试一项运动是有意义的,不是吗?(附加疑问句) By playing badminton, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ___________________________?  答案　1.my cousin invited me to play badminton　2.I didn’t want to come along　3.I got easily tired even if I worked out for only a while　4.I became slimmer, healthier and more positive　5.I have become both physically and mentally healthier; It makes sense to give a sport a try, doesn’t it 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇,如moreover、 thus、 later on、 at first等) 范文　 　　Last summer vacation, my cousin invited me to play badminton. At first, I didn’t want to come along as I was a bit overweight, which made me not confident. Moreover, due to my poor physical condition, I got easily tired even if I worked out for only a while. Later on, encouraged by my cousin, I gave it a try and fell in love with it. After the summer vacation, I became slimmer, healthier and more positive. By playing badminton, I have become both physically and mentally healthier. Thus, it makes sense to give a sport a try, doesn’t it? 续写提分小语段　(主题:比赛收获) 根据左栏汉语和黑体部分的提示,利用本单元所复习的表“情感”的词汇和句式补全小语段,并背诵成文。 大卫没有因为害怕在比赛中失败而灰心丧气,他站起来,用坚定的声音说:“我要跑。”看着他沿着跑道跑,我祈祷他不要摔倒受伤。他越跑越近,观众开始为他加油。他慢慢地,自信地一步一步地跑着,他的决心一如既往地打动了我们。他最终到达了终点。他心中涌起巨大的成就感和自豪感。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写片段) ①___________________________ for fear of ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, David rose and said ③___________________________,“I’ll run.”Watching him running along the track, I prayed that he wouldn’t ④　　　　　　　　　　　. The audience cheered him on as he headed closer and closer. Slowly but confidently, he took his next step, one by one, ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that never failed to impress us. ⑥________________________. A great sense of accomplishment and pride rose inside him.  仿写(仿效加曲线句)当他看着红旗在阳光下升起,他心中涌起一种强烈的自豪感。 As he watched the red flag rising in the sunlight, ⑦___________________________________________. 答案　①Rather than losing heart　②failing in the competition　③in a determined voice　④fall down and injure himself　⑤with the same determination　⑥He eventually made it to the finish line　⑦a great sense of pride rose inside him 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$