选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（人教版2019）

nullnullnull UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 主题语境 跨文化沟通,包容与合作,自然科学研究成果 　提分背案1　单元主题 导图串记 主题大观念 | 从地域文化视角解读肢体语言,理解地域文化不同造成的肢体语言的不同,判断说话人的情感和意图。 语言大观念 | 整合肢体语言相关词汇与表达,运用主题句+举例的方式整合信息,表达个人观点。 微语境助记 　 Employing body language appropriately can help you break down barriers in your interactions with others. Body language differs in various cultures, and it is appropriate to “do in Rome as the Romans do”. For example, the gesture for “OK” in many cultures can be perceived as “money” in Japan or “zero” in France. By contrast, making such a gesture in Brazil or Germany is rude and can anger people! Of course, some body language is shared by all cultures. For instance, people have a tendency to say “Goodbye” by waving hand while seeing friends off, and smiling often gets people through difficult situations. 　提分背案2　单元重点 语境背记 1.approve vi. ①赞成　②同意　vt. ③批准;通过→(反) disapprove vi. 不赞成;不同意　 vt. 不批准→approval n. 赞成;批准→approving adj. 赞同的→approvingly adv. 赞许地;赞同地 1)approve sth.通过/批准某事 approve of (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.同意(某人)做某事 2)win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意 give (one’s) approval to同意;批准 ①Hopefully, you can approve ______ my ideas and perfect our library.希望你能同意我的想法并完善我们的图书馆。(建议信) ②She looked at him approvingly and smiled.她面带微笑赞许地望着他。 2.witness vt. ①当场看到;目击　②见证　n. ③目击者　④证人 1)be (a) witness to sth.目击/看见某事发生 bear/give witness to ...为……作证 2)witness sth.目击/目睹某事 witness to sth./doing sth.证明(做)某事 3)时间/地点名词+witness+sth.……是某事发生的时间/地点 ①Your success in the competition is a witness to your hard work.你在比赛中的成功是你努力的见证。(祝贺信) ②The next three minutes witnessed my smooth performance and I was told to have passed the audition.接下来的三分钟我的表演很流畅,我被告知通过了试演。 3.employ vt. ①使用;应用　②雇用→employment n. 雇用;使用→employer n. 雇主;老板→employee n. 雇工;雇员→unemployed adj. 失业的 1)employ sb. to do sth.雇用/聘请某人做某事 employ sb. as ...雇用/聘请某人担任…… employ sth.使用/利用某物 2)be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事 ①My mother is a teacher whose time is employed in teaching and taking care of the family.我的妈妈是老师,她的时间都用在教学和照顾家人上。(写人短文) ②Jacques ______ (employ) in laying the cloth, and his back was turned towards me.雅克忙着铺布,他背对着我。 4.favour vt. ①较喜欢;选择　②有利于　n. ③帮助;恩惠　④赞同→favourable adj. 赞同的;给人好印象的;有利的→favoured adj. 得到偏爱的;获得优惠的;大众喜爱的 1)ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙(照顾) 帮某人忙 2)in sb.’s favour对某人有利的 in favour of支持;赞同 ①I was wondering if you could do me ______ favour by guiding us to revise a short play.我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙,指导我们修改一部短剧。(求助信) ②Undoubtedly, opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready.毋庸置疑,成功和机遇往往青睐那些有准备的人。(续写主旨升华) 5.occupy vt. 占据;占用→occupation n. 占领;工作;职业→occupied adj. 占用的;被占领的;忙于……的 1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事 2)be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.忙于某事 keep sb./oneself occupied使某人/自己忙碌 ①I should have accompanied you, but I was occupied ______ preparing for the final exam.我本应陪你,但我却正忙于期末备考。(2021·北京卷道歉信) ②The twins soon found themselves occupied in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast.双胞胎很快忙于打扫厨房,他们的父亲则忙着做早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) 6.distinguish vi.& vt. 区分;辨别→distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的→distinguishable adj. 可区分的 1)distinguish between ... and ...区分/辨别……和…… distinguish ... from ...使……有别于…… distinguish oneself to be/as ...作为……而出名 2)be distinguished for/as ...因/作为……而出名 ①Distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩,每年都有大量的游客。(推荐信) ②Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish ______ right and wrong.读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。(演讲稿) 7.bother vi.& vt. ①费心;麻烦　②因……操心　n. ③麻烦;不便 bother doing/to do sth.费心做某事 bother oneself with/about ... 为……烦恼 bother ... with/about ...用……麻烦/打扰…… can’t/couldn’t be bothered to do ... 懒得做…… It bothers/bothered sb. to do .../that从句……使某人心烦/不安 ①There is no need for you to bother yourself ______ such small things.你没有必要为这样的小事烦恼。(劝慰信) ②It annoys me that she didn’t bother to phone.令我恼火的是她连电话也没打。 ③It bothered me to think of her alone in that big house.想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里,我便坐立不安。 8.adjust vt. ①调整;调节　vi.& vt. ②适应;(使)习惯→adjustment n. 调整;适应→adjustable adj. 可调节的 1)adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to ...使自己适应…… adjust sth.调整/调节某物 adjust ... to ...调整……以适应…… 2)make an adjustment/adjustments to ...对……作出调整 ①In this way, you may adjust yourself to living in China soon.这样,你就能很快适应在中国生活了。(建议信) ②After waving goodbye to the family, I ______ (adjust) my mirror and then edged my car out of the parking place.我向这家人挥手告别后,调整了一下后视镜,然后慢慢地把车开出了停车场。(续写动作描写) A smile can help us get ①______ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break ②______ barriers. We can use a smile ③______ (apology), to greet someone, to ask for help, ④______ to start a conversation. Experts suggest ⑤______ (smile) at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel ⑥______ (happy) and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the ⑦______ (smile) face of a good friend. 答案:①through　②down　③to apologise　④or　⑤smiling　⑥happier　⑦smiling 教材优美片段再练背  9.短语1in other words 换句话说;也就是说 in a/one word总之;简言之 in words用语言;口头上 keep/break one’s word遵守诺言/食言;失信;失约 have a word with sb.与某人谈话 have words with sb.和某人吵架 word came that ...有消息传来…… (此时word为不可数名词) ①In ______ word, taking part in the race contributes to building up our body.总之,参加赛跑有助于我们强身健体。(新高考Ⅰ卷报道) ②Word came ______ a class meeting would be held, so I’m writing to ask you to do me a favour.有消息说将要开班会,因此我写信请你帮忙。(2021·全国甲卷求助信) 10.短语2call on (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 call at拜访(某个地点) call by顺路拜访 call up给……打电话;使回忆起 call for需求;呼吁;去接(某人) call off取消;停止 call in召集;召来 ①The activity is aimed to call on students to take exercise for an hour every day.该活动旨在号召学生每天锻炼一小时。(倡议书) ②The smell of the sea called ______ memories of her childhood.大海的气息勾起了她对童年的回忆。 ③Rescuers had to call ______ the search because of worsening weather conditions.因为天气越来越糟,营救人员只得停止搜索。 11.句式1have+宾语+宾补 So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 所以,如果一个学生低头看表,这意味着他很无聊,只是在数着下课的时间。 have sb./sth. doing sth.让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定句) have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 have sth. done让别人做某事;完成某事;遭遇不幸的事 have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式作定语) can’t/couldn’t/won’t/wouldn’t have sb. doing sth.不允许某人做某事 ①The twins were eager to have their father help them with the breakfast.这对双胞胎很想让他们的父亲帮他们做早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ②Embarrassed, the boy had his face ______ (bury) in his hands.男孩窘得双手掩面。(续写动作+情感细节描写) ③She had just 3 minutes ______ (get) prepared. She swallowed nervously before beginning.她只有3分钟准备时间。开始之前她紧张地咽了一下口水。(续写情感细节描写) 12.句式2while引导让步状语从句 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 虽然当学生感兴趣、感到无聊或心烦意乱时,我们很容易就能察觉到,但当学生遇到麻烦时,我们有时就更难分辨了。 while的用法: 1)“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折,不能与but连用,但可与yet/still连用。 2)“当……的时候;在……时”,引导时间状语从句,状语从句的省略形式为while doing/done,表“当做……时/当……被做时”。 3)并列连词“然而”,表示前后分句的对比。 4)while n.(常与a连用)表“一会儿;一段时间” once in a while偶尔;间或 after a while过了一会儿;不久 for a while一会儿 take a short while需要一点时间 quite a while相当长的时间 ①Some looked like they had totally given up on life, ______ others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking.一些人看起来已经完全放弃了生活,而另一些人则随遇而安,笑着开玩笑。(2022·浙江卷续写) ②From learning skating, I realize while ______ (do) anything, we often meet many kinds of difficulties, but we shouldn’t lose heart.通过学习滑冰,我意识到做任何事情时,我们经常会遇到各种各样的困难,但我们不应该灰心。(2023·全国乙卷短文) ③After a while, David hung his head in shame, with the color flooding his cheeks.过了一会儿,大卫羞愧地低下了头,脸颊泛出红晕。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写神态描写) ④It took quite a while for them all to get off the platform.他们花了很长时间,才全部走出站台。 答案:1.①of　3.②was employed　4.①a　5.①in　6.②between　7.①about/with　8.②adjusted　9.①a/one　②that　10.②up　③off　11.②buried　③to get　12.①while　②doing 　提分背案3　续写素材 场景练背 ——动作描写之mouth/lip “动嘴、动唇” 动“嘴” ①open-mouthed目瞪口呆的; ②one’s mouth widens咧开嘴; ③mouth drops/hangs wide open张大嘴巴; ④cup/cover one’s mouth捂住某人的嘴; ⑤one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆; ⑥one’s mouth waters/watered流口水 动嘴唇 ①lick one’s lips舔嘴唇; ②purse one’s lips噘嘴; ③bite one’s lip忍住话,忍住不说;抑制情感流露 用表“动嘴、动唇”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景39 | “亲情”主题下的“动嘴、动唇” My bed and desk were fully covered by white crumbs, and the walls were full of grape juice graffiti. I stared, ①______________ (目瞪口呆,形容词作状语). ②______________ (我气得嘴唇发抖,独立主格), I was unable to utter a single word. So angry was I that I shook my fist at her. The moment she saw the anger in my face, she stood frozen with fear. All of a sudden, she ③________________________________ (张开嘴巴) and cried. 微场景40 | “优秀品行”主题下的“动嘴、动唇” The hungry girl’s ④______________ (嘴巴开始流口水) as she eyed the sandwich. She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a hand ⑤________________________________ (捂住她的嘴). It was Mike who grabbed the sandwich and wolfed it down. She glared wildly at him. ⑥________________________________ (她嘴唇颤抖), tears rolling down her cheeks. 答案:①open-mouthed　②My lips trembling with anger　③opened her mouth　④mouth started watering　⑤cupped her mouth　⑥Her lips trembled 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$nullnullnull