必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（人教版2019）

nullnullnullnullnullnull UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 主题语境 地球与宇宙奥秘探索 　提分背案1　单元主题 导图串记 主题大观念 | 太空探索对人类的意义, 对太空生活的好奇与向往。 语言大观念 | 围绕太空探索,整合相关词汇和表达,描述事实并表达个人观点。 微语境助记 　 It is beyond argument that mankind is keen on exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. However, exploring space is both dangerous and challenging. What is the most dangerous is helping astronauts to escape Earth’s gravity. Scientists have to be cautious in case of a mistake during the launch of a spacecraft. Otherwise, it can result in a fatal accident that kills all on board. Getting out of orbit and back to Earth’s surface is also very dangerous. Despite the huge risks, people are always determined to carry on exploring this final frontier so as to figure out its mysteries. 　提分背案2　单元重点 语境背记 1.disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointment n. 失望;沮丧 1)be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/with/by sth.对某事感到失望 be disappointed that ...对……感到失望/沮丧 disappoint sb.使某人失望/沮丧 2)to one’s disappointment使某人失望的是 in/with disappointment失望地 ①______ (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in his room.他因未能获奖而失望地把自己锁在房间里。(续写情感描写) ②A look of disappointment flashed across his face.他的脸上掠过失望的神情。(续写神态描写) ③It was a ______ (disappoint) performance which lacked finesse.表演者技艺平平,令人失望。 2.desire n. ①渴望;欲望　vt. ②渴望;期望→desirable adj. 值得拥有的;值得做的→undesirable adj. 不受欢迎的;不利的→desired adj. 期望得到的;希望实现的 1)desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth.渴望……做某事 2)have a strong desire to do sth./for sth.迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 have no desire to do sth.不想做某事 ①Learning you have ______ strong desire to learn Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.得知你很想学好汉语,我想给你一些建议。(建议信) ②The disappointed twins desired their father to tell them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded.沮丧的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治,他点点头。(续写动作细节) 3.signal vt.& vi. ①标志着;标明　②发信号　n. ③信号　④标志 1)signal at sb.朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal (to sb.) that ...示意(某人)…… 2)a signal (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事的信号 ①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ______ (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.正月十五是元宵节,标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(传统文化介绍) ②I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him ______ (follow) me.我跑向汽车,拉住他的胳膊,示意他跟我走。(续写动作描写) 4.lack n. ①缺乏;短缺　vt. ②没有;缺乏→lacking adj. 短缺的;缺乏的 1)lack sth.缺少某物(不用于被动语态) lack for nothing一无所缺;应有尽有 2)for lack of ...因缺乏…… a lack of sth.缺乏某物 3)be lacking in ...缺少…… ①The lack ______ enough practice may lead to your failure in the exam.缺乏足够的练习可能会导致你考试不及格。(建议信) ②Lacking/For lack of/Lacking in confidence and experience, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.由于缺乏自信和经验,简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。(续写情感描写) 5.argue vt.& vi. ①论证　②争辩;争论→argument n. 争论;争吵;论点→arguable adj. 可论证的→arguably adv. 可论证地,按理→argumentative adj. 好辩的;辩论的;争辩的 1)argue for/against据理主张/反对 argue that ...(should) do sth.主张…… argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事 argue/talk/persuade sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 2)beyond argument无可争辩 It is beyond argument that ...……是无可争辩的 have an argument with sb. (about/over sth.) (针对某事)与某人争吵 get into an argument争吵起来;陷入争论 settle one’s argument平息争论 ①It is ______ argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.毋庸置疑长城是中国的象征。(推荐信) ②I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished.我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。(2021·浙江卷续写) ③As they argued ______ each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room, only half listening.他们小声争论,哈利在屋里走来走去,漫不经心地听着。(续写场景描写) 6.attach vt. ①系;绑;贴　②认为有重要性(或意义、价值等);重视→attached adj. 附加的;附属的;依恋的→attachment n. 依恋;爱慕;(机器的)附件,附属物 1)attach ... to ...把……系/贴/附在……之上 attach importance/significance to ...重视;认为……有意义 2)be attached to sb./sth.依恋;附属于;爱慕某人/某物 ①Handwriting is of such great importance that everyone should attach great importance ______ it.书写至关重要,每个人都应重视。(倡议书) ②She found a box lying on the table with a card ______ (attach) to it, saying“Happy Birthday”.她发现桌子上放着一个盒子,盒子上贴着一张卡片,上面写着“生日快乐”。 Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money ①______ (explore) space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate ②______ (solve) to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which ③______ (fail) to realise how exploring space helps us. 答案:①exploring　②solutions　③fails 教材优美片段再练背  短语result in 导致;造成 (lead to/contribute to) 1)result from ...由……造成;起因于…… 2)as a result of由于;作为……的结果 as a result结果;因此 with the result that ...结果是…… ①Not only did the festival immerse us in diverse cultures, but it also resulted ______ mutual understanding and friendship.文化节不仅使我们浸润在不同的文化中,也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。(2022·浙江卷电子邮件) ②______ a result, he was right, and we have become friends for life.结果他是对的,我们成了终生的朋友。(2022·浙江卷续写) 句式the+序数词+n.+动词不定式作后置定语 China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 2003年,杨利伟乘坐 “神舟五号”成功绕地球飞行,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人送入太空的国家。 1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰,且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词动作的执行者时,常用不定式作后置定语。 2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability、chance、opportunity、need、way、wish、effort、right、ambition、 patience、anxiety、attempt等名词。 ①Personally, I think I am the best person to take up the job.就个人而言,我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。(全国卷Ⅰ申请信) ②You’d always be the first ______ (offer) to help, for which I was quite grateful.你总是第一个主动提出帮忙,对此我非常感激。(感谢信) ③Suddenly, before he had a chance ______ (think), Chet was in the water, swimming as fast as he could toward Sid.切特还没来得及想,就突然跳进了水里,拼命地向希德游去。(续写动作细节描写) 答案:1.①Disappointed　③disappointing　2.①a　3.①signal(l)ing　②to follow　4.①of　5.①beyond　③with　6.①to　②attached　7.①in　②As　8.②to offer　③to think 　提分背案3　续写素材 场景练背 ——情感细节描写之“愤怒” 形容词/副词 angry, mad, cross, furious, angrily, madly, crossly, furiously 名词/动词 anger (n.& v.), rage, fury, frown (n.& v.), boil vi.怒火中烧 脸色 ①be/go red/flame/(be) flushed with anger气得脸通红; ②be purple with anger/rage气得脸色发紫;③ be/turn white with anger气得脸色发白; ④be dark/darkened with rage气得面色铁青; ⑤be filled with anger一脸愤怒;充满愤怒; ⑥cloud over with anger怒容满面; ⑦look angry/furious/cross显得很生气 愤怒的目光 动词“看”+angrily/crossly/furiously生气地看: ①glare/stare angrily/furiously/wildly at sb.怒视某人; ②fix sb. with an angry stare生气地盯着某人; ③give sb. a look/glance of burning anger愤怒地看/瞥了某人一眼; ④flash/glitter with anger闪着/燃烧着怒火 咆哮/吼叫 ①boom大吼一声; ②bark咆哮; ③explode勃然(大怒);大发雷霆; ④roar吼叫;咆哮; ⑤storm怒吼;大发雷霆; ⑥yell大吼 用表“愤怒”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景29 | “友情”主题下的“愤怒” Our friendship went ups and downs like a boat on the sea. Dissatisfaction with the other was accumulating. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her ①______ (boom), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. ②______________ (我气得涨红了脸). How could she act like that? ③______________ (我无法控制自己的愤怒) either. ④______________ (我火冒三丈,一跃而起开始大吼,副词+动作链). She yelled back louder. Neither of us was willing to calm down to be a good listener. ⑤________________________________ (满屋都是怒火). We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. 微场景30 | “校园生活”主题下的“愤怒” As soon as we scrambled out of the pool, Mala appeared and ⑥______________ (怒冲冲地瞪着我), ⑦______ (storm), “Why did you push Kala in?” ⑧______________ (注意到她眼中燃烧的怒火), I kept silent before the girl pointed to me and said, “She saved me.” Mala’s expression ⑨______________ (从愤怒变为不可置信), and then to gratitude. She must have misunderstood me earlier. “I’m sorry,” Mala said, her voice softening. “I didn’t know you were such a skilled swimmer. Thank you for saving her.” 答案:①booming　②I flushed with anger　③I could not control my anger　④I jumped to my feet angrily and started yelling　⑤The room was filled with anger　⑥stared wildly at me　⑦storming　⑧Noticing the burning anger in her eyes ⑨shifted from anger to disbelief 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$