专题07形容词和副词(考点精讲)-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(山东专用)

2024-08-21
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学段 中职
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 形容词、副词
使用场景 中职复习-一轮复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 山东省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 211 KB
发布时间 2024-08-21
更新时间 2024-08-21
作者 阿喵小鱼干
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2024-08-21
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/46930760.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

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►专题07 形容词和副词用法梳理 考点精讲 考点01 形容词 1.形容词的定义 形容词是用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词的词语,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在所修饰的名词前作定语,也可作表语或宾语补足语等。如: This is an interesting book.(作定语)这是一本有趣的书。 His eyes are big and bright.(作表语)他的眼睛又大又亮。 They're trying to make our country prosperous.(作宾语补足语)他们正在努力使祖国变得繁荣昌盛。 (1)以a开头的形容词,如alone,afraid,asleep,alive等,通常作表语或后置定语。如: That old lady feels alone because her children are out.那个老人感到孤独因为她的孩子都外出了。 The boy asleep is his cousin.正在睡觉的那个男孩是他的表弟。 (2)形容词与不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything等连用时,要放在这些词的后面。如: There is something wrong with my bike.我的自行车有一些问题。 (3)某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。如: the young 年轻人 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 (4)如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序是:限定词(a/the/this some/her...)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如: a small round black wood chair 一张黑色的小圆木桌 考点02 副词 1.副词的定义 副词是用来修饰动词形容词其他副词或整个句子的词语,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要作状语。如: Mary is often at home on Sundays.(作状语,表时间)玛丽星期天常常在家。 (1)副词修饰动词,说明动作是怎样进行的,什么时候进行或者在什么地方发生的,一般位于动词之后。如: They went to the cinema early yesterday.他们昨天早早地去了电影院。 (2)副词修饰形容词或其他副词,说明这些形容词或副词的程度如何,一般位于被修饰的词前。如: He jumps very high.他跳得非常高。 (3)副词表示频度修饰动词时,位于连系动词和助动词之后或行为动词之前。如: Mr. Wang usually comes to school by bike.王先生经常骑自行车来学校。 (4)already和yet already多用于肯定句中;yet多用于疑问句和否定句中。如: The bus has already arrived.公交车已经到达了。 考点03 形容词与副词的转化 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-ly quick-quickly;sad-sadly;recent-recently 少数以e结尾的形容词 去e,加-ly true-truly;due-duly 以辅音字母加y结尾,且y读音为/i/ 将y改成i,加-ly happy-happily;heavy-hly;angry-angrily 以辅音字母加le结尾 去e,加-y simple-simply;terrible-terribly 以-ll结尾 加-y dull-dully;shrill-shrilly 注:(1)有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly等。 (2)有些形容词和副词同义不同形,如:good-well;有些同义又同形。 如:late-late;early-early;fast-fast等。 考点04 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化 构词法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest fast faster fastest 以字母e结尾的词,加-r,-st nice nicer nicest wide wider widest 以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,改y为i,再加-er,-est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more,most careful more careful most careful actively more actively most actively 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least old older(较年老,较旧)elder(较年长) oldest(最年老,最旧)eldest(最年长) far farther(较远)further(较深远,进一步) farthest(最远)furthest(最深远,最进步) 考点05 形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1.“as+adj./adv.+as”和“not so/as+adj./adv.+as”结构。该结构常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处。如: The building is as high as that tower.这座大楼和那座塔一样高。 My computer is not so/as expensive as yours.我的电脑不如你的贵重。 2.表示一方是另一方的倍数,用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构。如: The room is three times as large as that one这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 3.两者比较时,其中一方超过另一方,用“比较级+than”结构。如: The earth is bigger than the moon,地球比月球大。 两者比较时,其中一方不如另一方,用“not+比较级+than”或“less+原级+than”结构。 The railway is not longer than that one.这条铁路不比那条长。 4.“主语+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”和“主语+比较级+than the other+数名词复数”结构。该结构表示主语所描述的事物“比其他(任何一个)都……”,用比较级式表示最高级含义。如: Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。 Li Ming is much cleverer than the other students in their class.李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。 5.诸如not,never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用,表示最高级含义,意为“再没有比……更……”。如: It is not a better idea.这是一个再好不过的办法。 I have never heard such an interesting story.我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。 6.“The+比较级…., the+比较级...”意为“越……,越……”。如: The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make.在英语学习上你越用功,取得的进步就越大。 7.表示本身程度变化,并不与其他事物相比,用“比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”。如: As Winter Solstice comes, days get shorter and shorter.随着冬至的到来,白天变得越来越短。 Protecting children’s sight becomes more and more necessary保护儿童的视力变得越来越有必要。 8.比较的两者中,一方在程度和数量上超过另一方,通常在比较级以前加表示程度或数量的词,如much,far,even,a little,a bit,a lot等作状语来修饰。如: The sun is much larger than the earth.太阳比地球大得多。 9.“would rather...than”(prefer...to...l’和“prefer to do...rather than do...”三个句型分别:示“宁愿……而不……”“喜欢……胜过……”“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的含义。虽无比较级形式,但表示比较级含义。如: She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。 I prefer playing basketball to going to the cinema.我宁愿打篮球也不愿去看电影。 He preferred to go out rather than stay home.他宁愿出去也不愿待在家里。 10.表示三者或三者以上的比较,用形容词或副词的最高级表示,通常用“in+集体名词’或“of+名词复数/代词/数词”来说明比较的范围或说明比较的同一类人或事物。 【注】 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the,副词最高级前可加可不加。如: Of all the students.he is the tallest.所有学生中他是最高的。 He runs fastest in his class.他在班里跑得最快。 重点小练 (1)Either of them can complete the task,but I wonder who does everything _______. A. the most careful B.more careful C.most carefully D.more carefully 【解析】选D. 本题考查形容词和副词比较级的用法。句中出现either证明是两者之间的比较,所以用比较级。又因为副词修饰动词,故用carefully. (2)Our classroom becomes_______as the sunlight comes in through the windows. A. bigger B.cleaner C.quieter D.brighter 【解析】选D. 本题考查形容词比较级的词义辨析。句意:“当阳光射进窗户时教室变得更亮。” (3)—Let’s play soccer this night. —It sounds_______. A. well B.interesting C.health D.interested 【解析】选B.本题考查形容词的用法。根据句意:“—我们今晚一起踢足球吧。”“—听起来太有趣了。” (4)If you really work______,you’ll be successful. A. hard B.hardly C.easy D.quite 【解析】选A. 本题考查形容词的用法。句意:“如果你真的努力学习,你会变成功的。” (5)How_______the things are!We can’t finish it by ourselves. A. disappointed B.disappointing C.disappointment D.disappoint 【解析】选B. 本题考查形容词的词义辨析。因为things是物,故用disappointing来修饰。 (6)—What do you think of the movie on TV? —Wonderful!It’s the_______program I’ve ever watched. A. better B.best C.worse D.the best 【解析】选B. 本题考查比较级和最高级的区别。句意:“—你认为这部电影怎么样?”“—太棒了!这是我看过的最好的节目。”故用最高级best,句中有the ,排除D. (7)—He didn’t do very well in this task. —Unluckily,I did it_______. A. worse B.badly C.better D.worst 【解析】选A. 句意:“—他这次没完成好。”“—不幸地是,我完成得更差。” (8)The film wasn’t_______.Lucy fell asleep half way through it. A. interesting enough B.interested enough C.enough interesting D.enough interested 【解析】选A.本题考查形容词的用法和enough的用法。The movie是物,用interesting修饰,enough放在形容词之后。 (9)We think the coat is not as_______as that one. A. nicer B.nice C.nicest D.more nice 【解析】选B. not as...as...不如...,as...as...之间用原级。 (10)—What does your math teacher look like? —Oh,he is much _______than before. A. strong B.stronger C.strongest D.too strong 【解析】选B.本题考查比较级的用法。“他比以前强壮”用比较级stronger. 好题必测 (1)(2020春考)—Wow,your 75-year-old grandpa can use WeChat now! —Yes,he has________stopped learning new things. A. already B.yet C.always D.never 【解析】选D.本题考查副词词义辨析。句意: “—哇,你的爷爷75岁了还会用微信!—是的,他从来不停止学习新东西。” already已经;yet还;always总是;never从来不。 (2)(2019春考)—We should avoid answering the phone_______in public places. A. quietly B.loudly C.heavily D.quickly 【解析】选B. 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意:“我们应该避免在公共场合大声接电话。”quietly安静地;loudly大声地;heavily沉重地;quickly迅速地。 (3)(2019春考)—Hi,Jack! You look so__________today. —Yeah,I’ve just passed the skill test with high marks. A. sad B.angry C.happy D.disappointed 【解析】选C. 本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“—你好,杰克。今天,你看起来如此高兴。—是的。我刚刚以高分通过了技能测试。”sad伤心的;angry生气的;happy高兴的;disappointed失望的。 (4)(2015春考)—The more you practice,________you will be. A.better B.best C.the best D.the better 【解析】选D. 本题考查形容词和副词的比较级。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越...,越...” (5)This problem is__________more difficult than that one. A. very B.very much C.a lot D.quite 【解析】选C. 本题考查比较级前面的修饰词。修饰比较级可以用a lot. (6)The trip of Beijing is very______.We are all very______. A. tired;tired B.tiring;tiring C.tired;tiring D.tiring;tired 【解析】选D. 本题考查形容词的用法。修饰物用+ing形式,修饰人用+ed的形式。 (7)They’re standing too near the camera.Can they move_______? A. even further B.a litter farther C.a bit of farther D.much further 【解析】选B. 本题考查比较级的用法。句意:“他们站的太靠近摄像机了,可以离远一点吗?” (8)—Has Mary read the book ? —Sure.Jason is also ______it and we become friends because of that. A. proud of B.serious about C.interested in D.afraid of 【解析】选C. 本题考查短语。句意:“—玛丽读过这本书吗?”“—读过。杰森对它很感兴趣,我们还因它成为了好朋友。” (9)Mount Huang is one of ______mountains in China.Many tourists like climbing it every year. A. famous B.the more famous C.most famous D.the most famous 【解析】选D. 本题考查 “one of+最高级+可数名词复数” 的用法。最高级前要加the. (10)The sweater is so_______for me that I can’t afford it. A.expensive B.cheap C.convenient D.beautiful 【解析】选A. 本题考查形容词的词义辨析。句意:“这件毛衣对我来说太贵了以至于我支付不起。” (11)My cousin does exercise every day,so he runs_____ than any other student in his class. A.fast B.the more fast C. fastest D.faster 【解析】选D. 本题考查最高级用法。句意:“我表弟每天锻炼,所以他跑得比班里其他任何同学都快。” (12)As a doctor,you can’t be______careful.You should pay attention to every detail. A. very B.too C.so D.quite 【解析】选B. 句意:“作为一名医生,你再小心都不为过,你应该注意每个细节。”very很,非常;too太;so 如此;quite 相当,很。Can’t...too..是一个固定的句型意为“再...也不为过,越...越好。” (13)We should do something to save water,for it is_______in the world. A. useless B.rich C.convenient D.limited 【解析】选D. 本题考查形容词的辨析。句意:“我们应该为节约水资源付出行动,因为它在世界上是有限的。” (14)—Why doesn’t Bobby like winter in Jinan? —Because it is______winter in Hangzhou. A. as cold as B.much colder than C.not so cold as D.not colder than 【解析】选B.句意:“—鲍比为什么不喜欢济南的冬天?”“—因为它比杭州的冬天冷。” (15)Dancing is a________sport and I believe you will lose your weight_____. A. relax;quickly B.relaxing;quick C.relaxing;quickly D.relax;quick 【解析】选C. 本题考查形容词和副词的用法。句意:“跳舞是一项令人放松的运动,我相信你会快速减肥。” ing形式的形容词修饰物,副词quickly修饰动词lose。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ ►专题07 形容词和副词用法梳理 考点精讲 考点01 形容词 1.形容词的定义 形容词是用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词的词语,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在所修饰的名词前作定语,也可作表语或宾语补足语等。如: This is an interesting book.(作定语)这是一本有趣的书。 His eyes are big and bright.(作表语)他的眼睛又大又亮。 They're trying to make our country prosperous.(作宾语补足语)他们正在努力使祖国变得繁荣昌盛。 (1)以a开头的形容词,如alone,afraid,asleep,alive等,通常作表语或后置定语。如: That old lady feels alone because her children are out.那个老人感到孤独因为她的孩子都外出了。 The boy asleep is his cousin.正在睡觉的那个男孩是他的表弟。 (2)形容词与不定代词 something,anything,nothing,everything等连用时,要放在这些词的后面。如: There is something wrong with my bike.我的自行车有一些问题。 (3)某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。如: the young 年轻人 the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 (4)如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序是:限定词(a/the/this some/her...)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如: a small round black wood chair 一张黑色的小圆木桌 考点02 副词 1.副词的定义 副词是用来修饰动词形容词其他副词或整个句子的词语,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要作状语。如: Mary is often at home on Sundays.(作状语,表时间)玛丽星期天常常在家。 (1)副词修饰动词,说明动作是怎样进行的,什么时候进行或者在什么地方发生的,一般位于动词之后。如: They went to the cinema early yesterday.他们昨天早早地去了电影院。 (2)副词修饰形容词或其他副词,说明这些形容词或副词的程度如何,一般位于被修饰的词前。如: He jumps very high.他跳得非常高。 (3)副词表示频度修饰动词时,位于连系动词和助动词之后或行为动词之前。如: Mr. Wang usually comes to school by bike.王先生经常骑自行车来学校。 (4)already和yet already多用于肯定句中;yet多用于疑问句和否定句中。如: The bus has already arrived.公交车已经到达了。 考点03 形容词与副词的转化 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-ly quick-quickly;sad-sadly;recent-recently 少数以e结尾的形容词 去e,加-ly true-truly;due-duly 以辅音字母加y结尾,且y读音为/i/ 将y改成i,加-ly happy-happily;heavy-hly;angry-angrily 以辅音字母加le结尾 去e,加-y simple-simply;terrible-terribly 以-ll结尾 加-y dull-dully;shrill-shrilly 注:(1)有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly等。 (2)有些形容词和副词同义不同形,如:good-well;有些同义又同形。 如:late-late;early-early;fast-fast等。 考点04 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化 构词法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest fast faster fastest 以字母e结尾的词,加-r,-st nice nicer nicest wide wider widest 以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,改y为i,再加-er,-est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more,most careful more careful most careful actively more actively most actively 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least old older(较年老,较旧)elder(较年长) oldest(最年老,最旧)eldest(最年长) far farther(较远)further(较深远,进一步) farthest(最远)furthest(最深远,最进步) 考点05 形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1.“as+adj./adv.+as”和“not so/as+adj./adv.+as”结构。该结构常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处。如: The building is as high as that tower.这座大楼和那座塔一样高。 My computer is not so/as expensive as yours.我的电脑不如你的贵重。 2.表示一方是另一方的倍数,用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构。如: The room is three times as large as that one这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 3.两者比较时,其中一方超过另一方,用“比较级+than”结构。如: The earth is bigger than the moon,地球比月球大。 两者比较时,其中一方不如另一方,用“not+比较级+than”或“less+原级+than”结构。 The railway is not longer than that one.这条铁路不比那条长。 4.“主语+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”和“主语+比较级+than the other+数名词复数”结构。该结构表示主语所描述的事物“比其他(任何一个)都……”,用比较级式表示最高级含义。如: Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。 Li Ming is much cleverer than the other students in their class.李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。 5.诸如not,never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用,表示最高级含义,意为“再没有比……更……”。如: It is not a better idea.这是一个再好不过的办法。 I have never heard such an interesting story.我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。 6.“The+比较级…., the+比较级...”意为“越……,越……”。如: The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make.在英语学习上你越用功,取得的进步就越大。 7.表示本身程度变化,并不与其他事物相比,用“比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”。如: As Winter Solstice comes, days get shorter and shorter.随着冬至的到来,白天变得越来越短。 Protecting children’s sight becomes more and more necessary保护儿童的视力变得越来越有必要。 8.比较的两者中,一方在程度和数量上超过另一方,通常在比较级以前加表示程度或数量的词,如much,far,even,a little,a bit,a lot等作状语来修饰。如: The sun is much larger than the earth.太阳比地球大得多。 9.“would rather...than”(prefer...to...l’和“prefer to do...rather than do...”三个句型分别:示“宁愿……而不……”“喜欢……胜过……”“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的含义。虽无比较级形式,但表示比较级含义。如: She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。 I prefer playing basketball to going to the cinema.我宁愿打篮球也不愿去看电影。 He preferred to go out rather than stay home.他宁愿出去也不愿待在家里。 10.表示三者或三者以上的比较,用形容词或副词的最高级表示,通常用“in+集体名词’或“of+名词复数/代词/数词”来说明比较的范围或说明比较的同一类人或事物。 【注】 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the,副词最高级前可加可不加。如: Of all the students.he is the tallest.所有学生中他是最高的。 He runs fastest in his class.他在班里跑得最快。 重点小练 (1)Either of them can complete the task,but I wonder who does everything _______. A. the most careful B.more careful C.most carefully D.more carefully (2)Our classroom becomes_______as the sunlight comes in through the windows. A. bigger B.cleaner C.quieter D.brighter (3)—Let’s play soccer this night. —It sounds_______. A. well B.interesting C.health D.interested (4)If you really work______,you’ll be successful. A. hard B.hardly C.easy D.quite (5)How_______the things are!We can’t finish it by ourselves. A. disappointed B.disappointing C.disappointment D.disappoint (6)—What do you think of the movie on TV? —Wonderful!It’s the_______program I’ve ever watched. A. better B.best C.worse D.the best (7)—He didn’t do very well in this task. —Unluckily,I did it_______. A. worse B.badly C.better D.worst (8)The film wasn’t_______.Lucy fell asleep half way through it. A. interesting enough B.interested enough C.enough interesting D.enough interested (9)We think the coat is not as_______as that one. A. nicer B.nice C.nicest D.more nice (10)—What does your math teacher look like? —Oh,he is much _______than before. A. strong B.stronger C.strongest D.too strong 好题必测 (1)(2020春考)—Wow,your 75-year-old grandpa can use WeChat now! —Yes,he has________stopped learning new things. A. already B.yet C.always D.never (2)(2019春考)—We should avoid answering the phone_______in public places. A. quietly B.loudly C.heavily D.quickly (3)(2019春考)—Hi,Jack! You look so__________today. —Yeah,I’ve just passed the skill test with high marks. A. sad B.angry C.happy D.disappointed (4)(2015春考)—The more you practice,________you will be. A.better B.best C.the best D.the better (5)This problem is__________more difficult than that one. A. very B.very much C.a lot D.quite (6)The trip of Beijing is very______.We are all very______. A. tired;tired B.tiring;tiring C.tired;tiring D.tiring;tired (7)They’re standing too near the camera.Can they move_______? A. even further B.a litter farther C.a bit of farther D.much further (8)—Has Mary read the book ? —Sure.Jason is also ______it and we become friends because of that. A. proud of B.serious about C.interested in D.afraid of (9)Mount Huang is one of ______mountains in China.Many tourists like climbing it every year. A. famous B.the more famous C.most famous D.the most famous (10)The sweater is so_______for me that I can’t afford it. A.expensive B.cheap C.convenient D.beautiful (11)My cousin does exercise every day,so he runs_____ than any other student in his class. A.fast B.the more fast C. fastest D.faster (12)As a doctor,you can’t be______careful.You should pay attention to every detail. A. very B.too C.so D.quite (13)We should do something to save water,for it is_______in the world. A. useless B.rich C.convenient D.limited (14)—Why doesn’t Bobby like winter in Jinan? —Because it is______winter in Hangzhou. A. as cold as B.much colder than C.not so cold as D.not colder than (15)Dancing is a________sport and I believe you will lose your weight_____. A. relax;quickly B.relaxing;quick C.relaxing;quickly D.relax;quick 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!学科网(北京)股份有限公司9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题07形容词和副词(考点精讲)-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(山东专用)
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专题07形容词和副词(考点精讲)-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(山东专用)
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专题07形容词和副词(考点精讲)-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(山东专用)
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