2022年山东省德州市中考英语一模试卷

2022年山东省德州市中考英语一模试卷 二、阅读理解（共4小题，每小题2.5分，计50分）阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳答案 1．（12.5分） I stood there listening to my father shout at top of his voice.The look on his face said that one of us had done something wrong. "Which one of you did this？" We all looked down at the step.There was child's handwriting in chalk there.I was very frightened.I hope no one could see it.Would he guess it was me？I was so scared.When he asked me，I lied， "Not me，dad." The other denied（否认） it as well.Of course，we all knew that one of us must have done it.But as the youngest and smallest of the three，I just couldn't find courage to tell the truth. To find out who had written on the step，Father gave us each a piece of paper and a pencil. "I want each of you to write exactly what you see on the step." I tried my best to write the words differently.I didn't want dad to be able to tell it was me. He gathered up our paper and looked at them. "Since none of you will say yes，then I will punish you all." I stood there and said nothing.The last thing I wanted was for Dad to punish me! "I did it." My sister walked forward and said she had done something she hadn't.she was punished for a month. We didn't talk about that day for many years.Not until we were all older and I knew it was safe to finally tell my dad it was really me.I always felt sorry because of it.That was the last time I let anyone take the blame for me.I told myself， "One must see to what he or she has done." （1）The writer's father was 　 　when he saw the handwriting in chalk on the step. A.very happy B.very sad C.very angry D.very excited （2）The underlined word "take the blame" most probably means 　 　in Chinese. A.tell a lie B.be responsible for C.receive punishment D.solve problems （3）The writer's sister told a lie because 　 　. A.she liked telling lies B.she was afraid of being punished C.she didn't like her father D.she didn't want her father to punish them all （4）Which of the following statements is true？ 　 　 A.The writer kept telling lies. B.Her sister told the truth. C.The writer's father punished the children. D.None of the children told the truth. （5）What have the writer learned from this incident（事件）？ 　 　 A.Children could lie. B.Parents shouldn't punish their children. C.One must be responsible to what he or she has done. D.Older children should protect the younger ones. 2．（12.5分） Join us﹣﹣a trip to Seoul，South Korea（韩国） Day1 In the morning，our guide will meet you at Incheon International Airport（仁川国际机场）.Check in（登记入住）at the five﹣star King Hotel.Then have lunch at a famous Korean restaurant in the city centre.Enjoy the beautiful scenery（风景）at the Banpo Bridge over the Han River.It turns into beautiful colors at night.And then enjoy Korean seafood near the river. Day2 Have breakfast at the hotel.Visit the Seoul Tower and the Teddy Bear Museum near the hotel.Have famous chicken soup for lunch.After lunch，go to Changdeokgung Palace，a great place to learn about the history of Korea.In the evening，visit Gwangjang Market，which is famous for all kinds of Korean street food. Day3 After breakfast at the hotel，drive to Namsangol Hanok Village.There are five traditional Korean houses there.Tourists can see how Korean people lived in the past.Also，join in traditional Korean activities and enjoy traditional Korean food at Korea House. Day4 Drive to Dongdaemun Market early in the morning and spend half a day shopping.Drive to the airport and fly back to Shanghai. （1）Tourists will enjoy the beautiful scenery 　 　on Day l. A.before they check in B.after they have lunch C.as soon as they leave the airport D.after they enjoy Korean seafood （2）How many breakfasts will tourists have at the hotel？ 　 　 A One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. （3）Tourists can learn about the history of Korean at 　 　. A.the Seoul Tower B.Gwangjang Market C.Changdeokgung Palace D.the Teddy Bear Museum （4）In Namsamgol Hanok Village tourists 　 　. A.can spend half a day shopping B.can find five traditional Korean houses C.can't join in an traditional Korean activity D.can't see how Korean people lived in the past （5）We can see that this Passage is 　 　. A.a travel plan B.a piece of news C.a sports report D.a tradition introduction 3．（12.5分）During the Warring States Period （475﹣221 BC），King Zhao of the State of Yan （燕昭王） wanted to gather talented people to make the state strong.He asked the scholar （有学问的人） Guo Wei for advice.Guo told the king a story. In ancient times，there was a king who wanted a special kind of horse.This horse could run 1，000 li a day.It was called qianlima.He sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.After three years，nobody found him such a horse. One day，someone new volunteered to help.Within three months，he heard about a qianlima.He rushed to find it，but the horse was already dead.Still，he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold.The king was very angry. "What I want is a live horse，not the bones of a dead horse!" The man answered calmly （冷静地）， "Imagine this.You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse， let alone a live one.This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses.Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon." As a result，within a year，many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king.Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. "If I am valued （重视），more talent will be glad to serve the state，" he said.The king built houses for Guo and treated him as a teacher.Soon，talented people across the state came to help the king.His state finally beat the State of Qi. We can better understand the story by reading the essay （文章） On Horses （《马说》） by Han Yu，a writer in the Tang Dynasty.In the essay，Han wrote that qianlima are common，but a person who can find them is rare.It tells us that talented people are common.Finding them is difficult.The story helps us understand that talented people are important to society.They should be respected.President Xi Jinping once told this story to officials，asking them to respect talented people.More importantly，the story pushes us to think about our own talents.It means to develop your all﹣around （全面的） abilities and create opportunities for yourself.Instead of waiting for someone to find you，you can actively sell yourself. （1）What did King Zhao of the State Yan actually want to have？ 　 　 A.Talented people. B.Qianlima. C.The bones of a qianlima. D.Wealth. （2）In Guo's story，the king got angry with the man because he thought 　 　. A.qianlima weren't the best horses in the world B.there wasn't a qianlima in the world C.the bones were not from a qianlima D.a dead horse was of no use at all （3）What was the man's reason for buying the bones of a dead horse？ 　 　 A.It could help the king gather talented people. B.Horse owners would see the king's need for qianlima. C.More people would kill their horses to sell horse bones. D.The king could tell qianlima from common horses this way. （4）The Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence is 　 　. A.让它独自生存 B.更别说活的了 C.不让它活着 D.花钱买一匹活马 （5）Guo compared himself to 　 　 in the story he told. A.the volunteer B.the king C.the bones of a dead qianlima D.the qianlima owner 4．（12.5分）Zhang Huayue，a fourth﹣grader from Guangzhou，enjoyed a fun vacation this summer.Instead of attending English or math training courses，she played badminton and basketball most of the time. A new guideline （指导方针） introduced by central authorities （中央政府） on July 24 helped Zhong enjoy some free time during the summer.Aiming to ease （减少） the schoolwork burden （负担） on primary and junior high school students，the guideline calls for reducing homework，improving the quality of education and regulating （规范） after﹣class activities.According to the guideline，children below the third grade will not have homework anymore.It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework. Off﹣campus tutoring institutions （校外培训机构） are not allowed to offer overseas education courses or advanced （超前的） teaching.No subject﹣based （基于学科的） training will be allowed on weekends，national holidays or during winter and summer vacations. More than 75 percent of children in Chinese cities from grades 1 to 12 are taking private （私人的） tutoring courses. "Parents are worried that if their children start behind，they will stay behind.Some training institutions have taken advantage of （利用） parents' anxieties （焦虑） to make money，" said Chen Xianzhe，a professor at South China Normal University. "The guideline is meant to calm （安抚） the anxieties of parents and society as a whole." "But this does not mean the tutoring courses will completely disappear，since exams still exist （存在），" said Chu Zhaohui，a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences.One﹣on﹣one or one﹣on﹣two tutoring might see a rise due to this need. "Therefore，schools should improve their education quality，take the main responsibility for students' education and not push them into tutoring courses，" Chu added. （1）The aim of the new guideline is to 　 　. A.make vacations longer for students B.ease the pressure put on teachers C.ease students' schoolwork burden D.help students become more competitive （2）Which of the following matches the guideline？ 　 　 A.All tutoring institutions are asked to close. B.Homework is not allowed for primary students. C.Tutoring institutions should offer advanced teaching. D.Junior high schools should reduce their homework. （3）According to the guideline，students can take 　 　 courses in tutoring institutions during vacations. A.Chinese B.public speaking C.English D.math （4）What is Chen Xianzhe's attitude toward the guideline？ 　 　 A.He supports the guideline. B.He thinks the guideline is useless. C.He is against the guideline. D.We can't tell from the story. （5）Chu Zhaohui might agree that 　 　. A.the guideline will stop off﹣campus tutoring courses B.schools should be responsible for students' education C.education will become even more unfair D.the guideline will end in failure 三、短文还原（共5空，每空2分，计10分）阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 5．（10分）Moving Out，Moving Back in the countries all over the world，a number of people are leaving the countryside to find jobs in the cities.They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city，and often there isn't much work there.Services such as hospitals and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the country. （1）　 　But in the big cities of Europe and America—London，Pairs，New York，people are moving out of the city.These are usually families who have some money，and want to live a quieter life.They are tired of the noise，the dirt of the city，tired of the crowded streets，crowded trains and buses. （2）　 　They want a house with a garden，and clean air that isn't polluted. So they move out.Some don't go very far，just a little away out of the city，to the towns near the cities.（3）　 　There are sheep and cows and green fields.There，they start new lives and try to make new friends. （4）　 　After two or three years，many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake.They don't make as much money as before and there isn't much to do.The people there are very different and aren't always very friendly. （5）　 　"It's wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights，" they say. "I'm so glad I'm back in the city!" A.However，not all of them are happy. B.They don't want to sit in traffic any more. C.Other people move to the real countryside. D.As a result，many people move back to the city. E.They hope that their lives will improve in the city. F.Everyone wants to live a happy life. 四、综合填空（共20空，每空1.5分，计30分）A阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。 6．（15分）by star however through how popular one both she serious，when Maria Mitchell was born in 1818.At that time，it was （1）　 　 for girls to get an education.（2）　 　，Mitchell's father thought that （3）　 　boys and girls should go to school.So he taught her at home and then sent her to school. （4）　 　the time she was 12 years old，Mitchell was her father's helper as he studied（5）　 　.When she grew up，Mitchell took a job at the library near her home.At night，she and her father used his telescope（望远镜） to look at the sky. In October 1847，Mitchell saw a special "star" （6）　 　 the telescope.She guessed at once that it might be a comet（彗星）. At that time，the King of Denmark set up a prize to the first person to find a new comet.Mitchell won the prize.She won something else too.She won people's respect（7）　 　 they saw that she was（8）　 　 about her work. In 1865，a new college just for women opened.It was called Vassar College，and Mitchell became a teacher there.She was the（9）　 　 woman teacher to teach the science of stars and planets.Because of （10）　 　，girl students learned that they could be scientists too. 7．（15分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。 allow find talk deal understand show say go compare give have Nelson Mandela，who used to be the President of South Africa，once （1）　 　， "If you talk to a man in a language he understands，that （2）　 　 to his head.If you talk to him in his own language，that walks to his heart." Nowadays，we have different tools and translation APPs that （3）　 　 us to talk to almost anyone in his own language.Then why do we still need to learn a foreign language ourselves？There are some reasons，of course.For example，those who can speak two different languages have a better chance （4）　 　 jobs.And recently science（5）　 　 that learning to speak more than one language can train one' s brain to be stronger. But there' s more to it than that.By（6）　 　 a look at the words of a foreign language system，we can find what' s important in its culture.The Swedish word "lagom"（7）　 　 an example.It means "just the right amount"，which doesn't have a matching word in English.From "lagom"，we can see the idea of "being moderate （适度的）" is valued in Swedish culture. By learning a foreign language，we （8）　 　 our own culture better.When we （9）　 　 Chinese idioms（习语） with those in English，we can realize in our language there are much more idioms about family，like "A peaceful family will prosper（兴旺）". And by opening our eyes to different cultures，we are able to better understand how people grow up to be different from one another.Then we can learn how（10）　 　with the diversity （多样性） of the world. 五、阅读表达（共1小题，每小题10分，计10分）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 8．（10分）Successful people always have a dream.They dream big dreams and then show great courage to do things that others say cannot be done. Your dreams form the foundation（基础） of success.Many people have long forgotten the dreams they used to have when they were kids.As they grow older，they are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue（追求） in life. To get you back on track to pursue your dreams，follow these steps：Learn to dream again：We are born to dream.But we hear of teachers calling in school： "Stop dreaming and pay attention in class!" Parents，too，have shouted， "Stop dreaming and get on with your homework!" In the end，many do get "realistic" and give up their dreams in time. Dream big dreams：Never set mental boundaries on what you are able to achieve.（3）Dreams are free anyway as long as you are dreaming，you might as well dream big. Many people cannot realize their dreams and achieve greater success because they limit（限制） their own beliefs. Flee（逃离） from dream killers：Dream killers are destructive to your success.Your friends，colleagues and even loved ones can be one of your dream killers.There are people who will try to change，confuse or persuade（说服） you to build the life they want，not the life that you want． Take action immediately：Once you have big and clear dreams，take immediate action to work toward making them come true.Weeks later，the passion（激情）will grow cold and months later，that passion may be gone forever． （1）How many tips are mentioned in the passage？ 　 　 （2）Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one？ Stuck in the work they are at a loss（迷惑）about what to get in life． 　 　 （3）Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese． 　 　 （4）Which of the above tips do you think is the most important？Why？ 　 　 （5）What's the best title of the passage？ 　 　 六、书面表达（共1题，计20分） 9．（20分）在我县开展的"最美书香家庭"评选活动中，你家被选为"最美书香家庭"。请结合自身读书经历并结合表格中的信息，以"Growing up with good books"为题，用英语写一篇倡议书。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。 Advantages： 1.get more knowledge 2.build the mind 3.make people happy ...... Present situation（现状） 1.watch TV 2.go online 3.use mobile phones to play games ...... Advice： 1.read more good books 2.spread Chinese culture to the world 3.be a part of our life ...... 要求： 1.语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3.80﹣100词，倡议书的题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Growing up with good books Dear friends，I think reading is very important in our daily life.________________________ 2022年山东省德州市中考英语一模试卷 参考答案与试题解析 二、阅读理解（共4小题，每小题2.5分，计50分）阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳答案 1．（12.5分） I stood there listening to my father shout at top of his voice.The look on his face said that one of us had done something wrong. "Which one of you did this？" We all looked down at the step.There was child's handwriting in chalk there.I was very frightened.I hope no one could see it.Would he guess it was me？I was so scared.When he asked me，I lied， "Not me，dad." The other denied（否认） it as well.Of course，we all knew that one of us must have done it.But as the youngest and smallest of the three，I just couldn't find courage to tell the truth. To find out who had written on the step，Father gave us each a piece of paper and a pencil. "I want each of you to write exactly what you see on the step." I tried my best to write the words differently.I didn't want dad to be able to tell it was me. He gathered up our paper and looked at them. "Since none of you will say yes，then I will punish you all." I stood there and said nothing.The last thing I wanted was for Dad to punish me! "I did it." My sister walked forward and said she had done something she hadn't.she was punished for a month. We didn't talk about that day for many years.Not until we were all older and I knew it was safe to finally tell my dad it was really me.I always felt sorry because of it.That was the last time I let anyone take the blame for me.I told myself， "One must see to what he or she has done." （1）The writer's father was 　C　when he saw the handwriting in chalk on the step. A.very happy B.very sad C.very angry D.very excited （2）The underlined word "take the blame" most probably means 　B　in Chinese. A.tell a lie B.be responsible for C.receive punishment D.solve problems （3）The writer's sister told a lie because 　D　. A.she liked telling lies B.she was afraid of being punished C.she didn't like her father D.she didn't want her father to punish them all （4）Which of the following statements is true？ 　D　 A.The writer kept telling lies. B.Her sister told the truth. C.The writer's father punished the children. D.None of the children told the truth. （5）What have the writer learned from this incident（事件）？ 　C　 A.Children could lie. B.Parents shouldn't punish their children. C.One must be responsible to what he or she has done. D.Older children should protect the younger ones. 【分析】作者讲述了一件小时候的事。作者一直感到抱歉。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段I stood there listening to my father shout at top of his voice.The look on his face said that one of us had done something wrong.（我站在那里听父亲高声喊叫。爸爸脸上的表情显示着"我们"其中一个人做错了事。）可知爸爸应该是非常气愤的。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据最后一段I told myself ，" One must see to what he or she has done ."（我"告诉自己要为自己所做的事负责。"）可知，"所以那是"我"最后一次让别人为"我"受责备，故 take the blame 意为"承担责任"。故选B。 （3）细节推断题。根据第五段Since none of you will say yes ，then I will punish you all.（如果没有人承担错误，爸爸就要惩罚所有人。） 可知，姐姐撒谎是为了不想所有人都受罚。故选D。 （4）判断正误题。根据第三段When he asked me，I lied， "Not me，dad."（当他问我时，我撒谎了，"不是我，爸爸。"）以及倒数第二段 "I did it." My sister walked forward and said she had done something she hadn't.（"我做的。"我姐姐走上前，说她做了一些她没有做的事。）可知作者和她的姐姐都没有说实话。故选D。 （5）文章主旨题。根据最后一段I told myself， "One must see to what he or she has done."（我告诉自己，"一个人必须注意自己做了什么。"）可知作者从这次事件中学到 一个人必须对自己的所作所为负责。故选C。 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 2．（12.5分） Join us﹣﹣a trip to Seoul，South Korea（韩国） Day1 In the morning，our guide will meet you at Incheon International Airport（仁川国际机场）.Check in（登记入住）at the five﹣star King Hotel.Then have lunch at a famous Korean restaurant in the city centre.Enjoy the beautiful scenery（风景）at the Banpo Bridge over the Han River.It turns into beautiful colors at night.And then enjoy Korean seafood near the river. Day2 Have breakfast at the hotel.Visit the Seoul Tower and the Teddy Bear Museum near the hotel.Have famous chicken soup for lunch.After lunch，go to Changdeokgung Palace，a great place to learn about the history of Korea.In the evening，visit Gwangjang Market，which is famous for all kinds of Korean street food. Day3 After breakfast at the hotel，drive to Namsangol Hanok Village.There are five traditional Korean houses there.Tourists can see how Korean people lived in the past.Also，join in traditional Korean activities and enjoy traditional Korean food at Korea House. Day4 Drive to Dongdaemun Market early in the morning and spend half a day shopping.Drive to the airport and fly back to Shanghai. （1）Tourists will enjoy the beautiful scenery 　B　on Day l. A.before they check in B.after they have lunch C.as soon as they leave the airport D.after they enjoy Korean seafood （2）How many breakfasts will tourists have at the hotel？ 　B　 A One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. （3）Tourists can learn about the history of Korean at 　C　. A.the Seoul Tower B.Gwangjang Market C.Changdeokgung Palace D.the Teddy Bear Museum （4）In Namsamgol Hanok Village tourists 　B　. A.can spend half a day shopping B.can find five traditional Korean houses C.can't join in an traditional Korean activity D.can't see how Korean people lived in the past （5）We can see that this Passage is 　A　. A.a travel plan B.a piece of news C.a sports report D.a tradition introduction 【分析】本文介绍的是韩国首尔之旅的行程安排。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"Check in（登记入住）at the five﹣star King Hotel.Then have lunch at a famous Korean restaurant in the city centre.Enjoy the beautiful scenery（风景）at the Banpo Bridge over the Han River."（入住五星级国王酒店。然后在市中心一家著名的韩国餐馆吃午餐。欣赏汉江半坡大桥的美景。）可知，是在午餐后欣赏美丽的风景。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。"Have breakfast at the hotel Visit the Seoul Tower and the Teddy Bear Museum near the hotel."和第三段中"After breakfast at the hotel，drive to Namsangol Hanok Village."（"在酒店吃早餐参观首尔塔和酒店附近的泰迪熊博物馆。""在酒店吃过早餐后，驱车前往南山阁韩屋村。"）可知，一共在酒店吃两顿早餐。故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据"After lunch，go to Changdeokgung Palace，a great place to learn about the history of Korea."（午餐后，前往常德宫，这是一个了解韩国历史的好地方。）可知，长德宫是一个学习韩国历史的好地方。故选C。 （4）细节理解题。根据"After breakfast at the hotel，drive to Namsangol Hanok Village.There are five traditional Korean houses there.Tourists can see how Korean people lived in the past."（酒店早餐后，驱车前往南山阁韩屋村。那里有五座传统的韩国房子。游客可以看到韩国人过去的生活。）可知，在南山阁韩屋村，那里有五所传统的韩国房子，游客可以看到韩国人过去的生活。故选B。 （5）推理判断题。A：一个旅行计划；B：一则新闻；C：体育新闻；D：一个传统的介绍。根据文章内容可知，本文介绍的是韩国首尔之旅的行程安排。所以推测可能会在旅行计划上看到。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 3．（12.5分）During the Warring States Period （475﹣221 BC），King Zhao of the State of Yan （燕昭王） wanted to gather talented people to make the state strong.He asked the scholar （有学问的人） Guo Wei for advice.Guo told the king a story. In ancient times，there was a king who wanted a special kind of horse.This horse could run 1，000 li a day.It was called qianlima.He sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him.After three years，nobody found him such a horse. One day，someone new volunteered to help.Within three months，he heard about a qianlima.He rushed to find it，but the horse was already dead.Still，he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold.The king was very angry. "What I want is a live horse，not the bones of a dead horse!" The man answered calmly （冷静地）， "Imagine this.You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse， let alone a live one.This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses.Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon." As a result，within a year，many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king.Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. "If I am valued （重视），more talent will be glad to serve the state，" he said.The king built houses for Guo and treated him as a teacher.Soon，talented people across the state came to help the king.His state finally beat the State of Qi. We can better understand the story by reading the essay （文章） On Horses （《马说》） by Han Yu，a writer in the Tang Dynasty.In the essay，Han wrote that qianlima are common，but a person who can find them is rare.It tells us that talented people are common.Finding them is difficult.The story helps us understand that talented people are important to society.They should be respected.President Xi Jinping once told this story to officials，asking them to respect talented people.More importantly，the story pushes us to think about our own talents.It means to develop your all﹣around （全面的） abilities and create opportunities for yourself.Instead of waiting for someone to find you，you can actively sell yourself. （1）What did King Zhao of the State Yan actually want to have？ 　A　 A.Talented people. B.Qianlima. C.The bones of a qianlima. D.Wealth. （2）In Guo's story，the king got angry with the man because he thought 　D　. A.qianlima weren't the best horses in the world B.there wasn't a qianlima in the world C.the bones were not from a qianlima D.a dead horse was of no use at all （3）What was the man's reason for buying the bones of a dead horse？ 　B　 A.It could help the king gather talented people. B.Horse owners would see the king's need for qianlima. C.More people would kill their horses to sell horse bones. D.The king could tell qianlima from common horses this way. （4）The Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence is 　B　. A.让它独自生存 B.更别说活的了 C.不让它活着 D.花钱买一匹活马 （5）Guo compared himself to 　C　 in the story he told. A.the volunteer B.the king C.the bones of a dead qianlima D.the qianlima owner 【分析】本文主要讲了燕昭王想召集人才，郭隗用寻找千里马的故事来给燕昭王出主意，说国君应该把自己看作马骨，让自己有价值，有才能的人就会像千里马一样涌来。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据King Zhao of the State of Yan （燕昭王） wanted to gather talented people to make the state strong.He asked the scholar （有学问的人） Guo Wei for advice.（燕昭王想聚集人才使国家强大。他向学者郭伟请教。）可知，燕昭王想要有才能的人。故选A。 （2）细节推理题。根据The king was very angry. "What I want is a live horse，not the bones of a dead horse!"（国王非常生气。"我要的是活马，不是死马的骨头!"）可知，国王生气的原因是觉得一匹死马毫无用处。故选D。 （3）细节推理题。根据You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse，let alone a live one.This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses.Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.（你愿意出高价买死马，更别说活马了。这向人们表明你真的想买马。等着吧，你要的马很快就会来的。）可知，男人买马骨头的原因是马主人会看到国王需要千里马。故选B。 （4）词义猜测题。根据The man answered calmly （冷静地）， "Imagine this.You're willing to pay a high price for a dead horse，（那人冷静地回答，"想象一下这个。你愿意为一匹死马出高价，）可知那人冷静地回答，"想象一下这个。你愿意为一匹死马出高价，更别说是一匹活马了。可知"let alone a live one"意思"更别说活的了"。故选B。 （5）细节理解题。根据Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. （郭告诉燕昭王，他可以把自己看作是马的骨头。）可知，郭把自己比作千里马的尸骨。故选C。 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 4．（12.5分）Zhang Huayue，a fourth﹣grader from Guangzhou，enjoyed a fun vacation this summer.Instead of attending English or math training courses，she played badminton and basketball most of the time. A new guideline （指导方针） introduced by central authorities （中央政府） on July 24 helped Zhong enjoy some free time during the summer.Aiming to ease （减少） the schoolwork burden （负担） on primary and junior high school students，the guideline calls for reducing homework，improving the quality of education and regulating （规范） after﹣class activities.According to the guideline，children below the third grade will not have homework anymore.It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework. Off﹣campus tutoring institutions （校外培训机构） are not allowed to offer overseas education courses or advanced （超前的） teaching.No subject﹣based （基于学科的） training will be allowed on weekends，national holidays or during winter and summer vacations. More than 75 percent of children in Chinese cities from grades 1 to 12 are taking private （私人的） tutoring courses. "Parents are worried that if their children start behind，they will stay behind.Some training institutions have taken advantage of （利用） parents' anxieties （焦虑） to make money，" said Chen Xianzhe，a professor at South China Normal University. "The guideline is meant to calm （安抚） the anxieties of parents and society as a whole." "But this does not mean the tutoring courses will completely disappear，since exams still exist （存在），" said Chu Zhaohui，a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences.One﹣on﹣one or one﹣on﹣two tutoring might see a rise due to this need. "Therefore，schools should improve their education quality，take the main responsibility for students' education and not push them into tutoring courses，" Chu added. （1）The aim of the new guideline is to 　C　. A.make vacations longer for students B.ease the pressure put on teachers C.ease students' schoolwork burden D.help students become more competitive （2）Which of the following matches the guideline？ 　D　 A.All tutoring institutions are asked to close. B.Homework is not allowed for primary students. C.Tutoring institutions should offer advanced teaching. D.Junior high schools should reduce their homework. （3）According to the guideline，students can take 　B　 courses in tutoring institutions during vacations. A.Chinese B.public speaking C.English D.math （4）What is Chen Xianzhe's attitude toward the guideline？ 　A　 A.He supports the guideline. B.He thinks the guideline is useless. C.He is against the guideline. D.We can't tell from the story. （5）Chu Zhaohui might agree that 　B　. A.the guideline will stop off﹣campus tutoring courses B.schools should be responsible for students' education C.education will become even more unfair D.the guideline will end in failure 【分析】本文主要讲了中央于7月24日出台了一项新的指导方针，旨在减轻中小学生的课业负担，方针要求减少家庭作业，提高教育质量，规范课外活动。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据It hopes to reduce（减少）schoolwork burden（负担）on primary and junior high school students.（它希望减轻中小学生的学业负担。）可知，双减政策的目的是减轻学生学业上的负担。故选C。 （2）细节判断题。根据It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework.（初中生完成家庭作业的时间不得超过90分钟。）可知，根据双减政策，中学生的作业应该减少。故选D。 （3）推理判断题。根据After﹣school training institutions（机构）are not allowed to offer extra（额外的） education courses or advanced（超前的）teaching on weekends，holidays or during winter and summer vacations.（校外培训机构不允许在周末、节假日或寒暑假提供额外教育课程或超前的教学。）结合选项可知，根据"双减"政策学生可在校外培训机构上公共演讲课。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据 "Parents are worried that if their children start behind，they will stay behind.Some training institutions have taken advantage of （利用） parents' anxieties （焦虑） to make money，" said Chen Xianzhe，a professor at South China Normal University. "The guideline is meant to calm （安抚） the anxieties of parents and society as a whole."（华南师范大学教授陈贤哲说："家长们担心，如果他们的孩子开始落后，他们会落后。一些培训机构利用家长的焦虑来赚钱。该指导方针旨在平息家长和整个社会的焦虑。"）可知，可以推测他是支持的。故选A。 （5）细节理解题。根据 "Therefore，schools should improve their education quality，take the main responsibility for students' education and not push them into tutoring courses，" Chu added.（因此，学校应该提高教育质量。对学生的教育负主要责任，而不是把他们推上辅导课程，"楚补充道。）可知，学校应该对学生的教育负责。故选B。 【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。 三、短文还原（共5空，每空2分，计10分）阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 5．（10分）Moving Out，Moving Back in the countries all over the world，a number of people are leaving the countryside to find jobs in the cities.They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city，and often there isn't much work there.Services such as hospitals and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the country. （1）　E　But in the big cities of Europe and America—London，Pairs，New York，people are moving out of the city.These are usually families who have some money，and want to live a quieter life.They are tired of the noise，the dirt of the city，tired of the crowded streets，crowded trains and buses. （2）　B　They want a house with a garden，and clean air that isn't polluted. So they move out.Some don't go very far，just a little away out of the city，to the towns near the cities.（3）　C　There are sheep and cows and green fields.There，they start new lives and try to make new friends. （4）　A　After two or three years，many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake.They don't make as much money as before and there isn't much to do.The people there are very different and aren't always very friendly. （5）　D　"It's wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights，" they say. "I'm so glad I'm back in the city!" A.However，not all of them are happy. B.They don't want to sit in traffic any more. C.Other people move to the real countryside. D.As a result，many people move back to the city. E.They hope that their lives will improve in the city. F.Everyone wants to live a happy life. 【分析】短文讲了人们从农村去城市，又从城市回农村，最后又回到城市的原因。 【解答】细节推理题。 （1）根据上文Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the country.（如医院和交通的服务通常是在城市比在农村要好得多。）可知说的是在城市的生活，结合选项，应说他们希望他们的生活会在城市里得到改善。故选E。 （2）根据上文 the crowded streets，trains and buses.（拥挤的街道，火车和公共汽车。）可知说的是交通的拥挤，结合选项，应说他们不想再等在拥堵的路上了。故选B。 （3）根据上文Some don't go very far，just a little away from the city，（有些人离城市不是很远，离城市很近，）及其下文There are sheep and cows and green fields.（有牛羊和绿色的田野，）可知结合选项，应说其他人搬到真正的农村。故选C。 （4）根据下文After two or three years，many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake.They don't make so much money and there isn't much to do.（经过两年或三年后，很多人有这样的感觉，觉得这是一个很大的错误，他们不能赚很多钱，没有太多的事情要做。）可知说的是回到农村之后的感觉，结合选项，应说然而，并不是所有的人都快乐。故选A。 （5）根据下文they say，"I'm so glad I'm back in the city!"（他们说，"我很高兴我回到城市！）可知说的是回到了城市，结合选项，应说因此，许多人搬回城市。故选D。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。 四、综合填空（共20空，每空1.5分，计30分）A阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。 6．（15分）by star however through how popular one both she serious，when Maria Mitchell was born in 1818.At that time，it was （1）　unpopular　 for girls to get an education.（2）　However　，Mitchell's father thought that （3）　both　boys and girls should go to school.So he taught her at home and then sent her to school. （4）　By　the time she was 12 years old，Mitchell was her father's helper as he studied（5）　stars　.When she grew up，Mitchell took a job at the library near her home.At night，she and her father used his telescope（望远镜） to look at the sky. In October 1847，Mitchell saw a special "star" （6）　through　 the telescope.She guessed at once that it might be a comet（彗星）. At that time，the King of Denmark set up a prize to the first person to find a new comet.Mitchell won the prize.She won something else too.She won people's respect（7）　when　 they saw that she was（8）　serious　 about her work. In 1865，a new college just for women opened.It was called Vassar College，and Mitchell became a teacher there.She was the（9）　first　 woman teacher to teach the science of stars and planets.Because of （10）　her　，girl students learned that they could be scientists too. 【分析】本文主要讲了玛丽亚•米歇尔的故事。 【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：在那个时候，女孩接受教育是不受欢迎的。unpopular"不受欢迎的"符合题意，was为系动词，后跟形容词。故答案为unpopular。 （2）考查连词。句意：然而，米歇尔的父亲认为男孩和女孩都应该上学。however"然而"符合题意。故答案为However。 （3）考查代词。句意：然而，米歇尔的父亲认为男孩和女孩都应该上学。both"两者都"符合题意。故答案为both。 （4）考查介词。句意：在她12岁的时候，米歇尔成了她父亲研究星星的助手。by the time为介词短语，意为在……的时候。故答案为By。 （5）考查名词。句意：在她12岁的时候，米歇尔成了她父亲研究星星的助手。star"星星"符合题意，用可数名词复数表示类别。故答案为stars。 （6）考查介词。句意：1847年10月，米歇尔通过望远镜看到了一颗特殊的"恒星"。through"通过"符合题意。故答案为through。 （7）考查连词。句意：当人们看到她认真对待工作时，她赢得了人们的尊敬。when"当……的时候"符合题意。故答案为when。 （8）考查形容词。句意：当人们看到她认真对待工作时，她赢得了人们的尊敬。be serious about为短语。故答案为serious。 （9）考查序数词。句意：她是第一位教授恒星和行星科学的女教师。first"第一个"符合题意，用序数词表示顺序。故答案为first。 （10）考查人称代词宾格。句意：因为她，女学生们知道他们也可以成为科学家。she"她"符合题意，介词短语后用人称代词宾格。故答案为her。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及选词判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。 7．（15分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。 allow find talk deal understand show say go compare give have Nelson Mandela，who used to be the President of South Africa，once （1）　said　， "If you talk to a man in a language he understands，that （2）　goes　 to his head.If you talk to him in his own language，that walks to his heart." Nowadays，we have different tools and translation APPs that （3）　allow　 us to talk to almost anyone in his own language.Then why do we still need to learn a foreign language ourselves？There are some reasons，of course.For example，those who can speak two different languages have a better chance （4）　to find　 jobs.And recently science（5）　shows　 that learning to speak more than one language can train one' s brain to be stronger. But there' s more to it than that.By（6）　having　 a look at the words of a foreign language system，we can find what' s important in its culture.The Swedish word "lagom"（7）　gives　 an example.It means "just the right amount"，which doesn't have a matching word in English.From "lagom"，we can see the idea of "being moderate （适度的）" is valued in Swedish culture. By learning a foreign language，we （8）　understand　 our own culture better.When we （9）　say　 Chinese idioms（习语） with those in English，we can realize in our language there are much more idioms about family，like "A peaceful family will prosper（兴旺）". And by opening our eyes to different cultures，we are able to better understand how people grow up to be different from one another.Then we can learn how（10）　to deal　with the diversity （多样性） of the world. 【分析】短文通过举例子和引用名人名言向我们叙述我们需要学一门外语的原因。 【解答】考查动词。 （1）句意：南非前总统纳尔逊•曼德拉曾经说过。say说，一般过去时态，动词要用过去式，故填said。 （2）句意：如果你用他自己的语言和他交谈，那会触动他的心。一般现在时，language做主语，动词要用第三人称单数，故填goes。 （3）句意：如今，我们有不同的工具和翻译应用程序，可以让我们用自己的语言和几乎任何人交谈。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，故填allow。 （4）句意：例如，那些会说两种不同语言的人有更好的机会找到工作。不定式作后置定语，故填to find。 （5）句意：最近，科学表明学习说多种语言可以训练一个人的大脑变得更强壮。show展示，一般现在时，science做主语，动词要用第三人称单数，故填shows。 （6）句意：通过查看一个外语系统的词汇，我们可以发现其文化中的重要内容。have a look看一看，by介词，后面加动词ing，故填having。 （7）句意：瑞典语单词"lagom"给出了一个例子。give给，一般现在时，word做主语，动词要用第三人称单数，故填gives。 （8）句意：通过学习一门外语，我们可以更好地理解自己的文化。一般现在时，we做主语，动词要用原形，故填understand。 （9）句意：当我们把汉语习语和英语习语放在一起说时，我们会发现在我们的语言中有更多关于家庭的习语。say说话，一般现在时，we做主语，动词要用原形，故填say。 （10）句意：然后我们可以学习如何处理世界的多样性。how to do如何用，deal with处理，故填to deal。 【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整。注意单词的适当形式。 五、阅读表达（共1小题，每小题10分，计10分）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。 8．（10分）Successful people always have a dream.They dream big dreams and then show great courage to do things that others say cannot be done. Your dreams form the foundation（基础） of success.Many people have long forgotten the dreams they used to have when they were kids.As they grow older，they are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue（追求） in life. To get you back on track to pursue your dreams，follow these steps：Learn to dream again：We are born to dream.But we hear of teachers calling in school： "Stop dreaming and pay attention in class!" Parents，too，have shouted， "Stop dreaming and get on with your homework!" In the end，many do get "realistic" and give up their dreams in time. Dream big dreams：Never set mental boundaries on what you are able to achieve.（3）Dreams are free anyway as long as you are dreaming，you might as well dream big. Many people cannot realize their dreams and achieve greater success because they limit（限制） their own beliefs. Flee（逃离） from dream killers：Dream killers are destructive to your success.Your friends，colleagues and even loved ones can be one of your dream killers.There are people who will try to change，confuse or persuade（说服） you to build the life they want，not the life that you want． Take action immediately：Once you have big and clear dreams，take immediate action to work toward making them come true.Weeks later，the passion（激情）will grow cold and months later，that passion may be gone forever． （1）How many tips are mentioned in the passage？ 　Four.　 （2）Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one？ Stuck in the work they are at a loss（迷惑）about what to get in life． 　They are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue in life.　 （3）Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese． 　不管怎样，梦想都是自由的，只要你还在梦想着，你也可能梦想远大。　 （4）Which of the above tips do you think is the most important？Why？ 　Flee from dream killers.Because they are destructive to your success.　 （5）What's the best title of the passage？ 　Some steps to get us back on track to pursue our dreams.　 【分析】本文主要讲述了一些让我们回到追求梦想的轨道上的步骤 【解答】（1）总结归纳题。根据Learn to dream again（再次学习梦想）；Dream big dreams（做远大的梦）；Flee（逃离） from dream killers（逃离梦想杀手）；Take action immediately（立即采取行动）可知，文中总共提到了四种技巧。故答案为：Four. （2）句意理解题。Stuck in the work困在工作中；they are at a loss（迷惑）；他们很困惑；about what to get in life．关于生活中应该得到什么。因此本题所给的句子的句意为"困在工作中，他们不知所措，对于生活中应该得到什么感到很迷惑。"在第二段中最后一句话they are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue（追求） in life.中simply简单地；catch up with 赶上；their work activities 他们的工作活动；so that 以便于；fail to do sth.失败做某事；discover探索；what really want to pursue in life.在生活中自己真正想要追求的是什么。与题干含义相同，故答案为：they are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue in life. （3）英译汉。Dreams梦想，free自由；anyway不管怎样；as long as只有；you are dreaming你在梦想，you might你可能；as well 也；dream big梦想远大。故答案为：不管怎样，梦想都是自由的，只要你还在梦想着，你也可能梦想远大。 （4）个人观点题。本句题干含义为"你认为以上哪一个建议最重要为什么？"我认为最重要一条建议的是"逃离梦想杀手"，因为梦想杀手会破坏我的成功。故答案为：Flee from dream killers.Because they are destructive to your success. （5）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据As they grow older，they are simply to catch up with their work activities so that they fail to discover what they really want to pursue（追求） in life.To get you back on track to pursue your dreams，follow these steps.（随着年龄的增长，他们只是在忙于自己的工作活动，以至于无法发现自己在生活中真正想要追求的是什么。为了让你回到追求梦想的轨道上，请遵循以下步骤。）可知，本文主要讲述了一些让我们回到追求梦想的轨道上的步骤。故答案为：Some steps to get us back on track to pursue our dreams. 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 六、书面表达（共1题，计20分） 9．（20分）在我县开展的"最美书香家庭"评选活动中，你家被选为"最美书香家庭"。请结合自身读书经历并结合表格中的信息，以"Growing up with good books"为题，用英语写一篇倡议书。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。 Advantages： 1.get more knowledge 2.build the mind 3.make people happy ...... Present situation（现状） 1.watch TV 2.go online 3.use mobile phones to play games ...... Advice： 1.read more good books 2.spread Chinese culture to the world 3.be a part of our life ...... 要求： 1.语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3.80﹣100词，倡议书的题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Growing up with good books Dear friends，I think reading is very important in our daily life.________________________ 【分析】【高分句型一】 It can not only open our minds，but also make us cleverer and happier.它不仅可以打开我们的思想，而且使我们更聪明和更快乐。 not only…but also…不仅……而且……。 【高分句型二】 However，some students spend much time in listening to music，watching TV or going online to play games.然而，一些学生花很多时间听音乐，看电视或在线玩游戏。 spend…doing sth花费……做某事。 【解答】 Growing up with good books Dear friends，I think reading is very important in our daily life.Reading is very important in our life.We can get knowledge through reading.It can not only build our minds，but also make us cleverer and happier.【高分句型一】Our study can be improved if we read more good books.The more we read，the more we will learn，and the brighter our future will become.（原因）However，some students spend much time in listening to music，watching TV or going online to play games.【高分句型二】Some people also spend time using mobile phones to play games.It takes much of their spare time.（问题）We should read good books because we can get a lot from them.（读好书）So I would like to suggest that everyone should read more books，especially read classics so that we can spread our Chinese traditional culture to the world.Let's start reading now.And let it become a part of our life!（发出倡议） 【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 声明：试题解析著作权属所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布日期：2022/8/4 18:59:15；用户：李超；邮箱：lichao317807156@126.com；学号：19716718 第1页（共1页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$