专题04 数词（考点精讲）-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（山东专用）

►专题04 数词用法梳理 考点精讲 考点01 基数词 1.基本的数词 1 one 11 eleven — — 100 a/one hundred 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1000 a/one thousand 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 1000000 a/one million 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 100000000 a/one hundred million 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 1000000000 a/one billion 10 ten 20 — — — 2.基数词的构成方法 (1)13-19 由个位数加后缀-teen构成,其中13、15的写法是thirteen 和fifteen。 (2)20-90由个位数或个位数变形后加后缀-ty构成,其中80的写法是eighty。(3)其他非整十的两位数21-99由“整十位数+连字符十个位数”构成。如: seventy-four 74 eighty-one 81 (4)101-999的基数词先写百位数,后加and再写十位数和个位数。如: six hundred and ninety-one 691 seven hundred and five 705 (5)1.000 以上的四位数先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and,最后写十位数和个位数。如: one thousand two hundred and thirty-four 1,234 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 5,893 (6)1,000 以上的多位数,要使用计数间隔号,即从个位起,每隔三位加一个间隔号。第一个间隔号前是thousand(千),第二个间隔号前是million(百万),第三个间隔号前是thousand ,million 或billion(十亿)。如: five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety 567,890 eight hundred and eighty-eight million 888,000,000 nine billion seven hundred and fifty million six hundred and thirty-two thousand five hundred 9,750,632,500 3.数词的用法 (1)基数词在句中的作用 基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等。如: Three and five is eight.(作主语和表语)三加五等于八。 -How many oranges do you want? 你要多少橘子? -I want eight(作宾语)我要八个。 There are eight boats in the lake.(作定语)湖里有八条小船。 (2)hundred,thousand, million,billion 等词,若前面有具体数字,则用单数形式。若这些词前没有具体数字,表示泛指,则用复数,并要与of短语连用。如: three hundred people 三百人 five thousand years 五千年 thousands of people数千人 hundreds of students 数百名学生 (3)用基数词表示顺序,其位置在名词之后。如: Lesson One 第一课 Bus No.2二路公交车 (4)表示某人的大约年龄,可用整十数的基数词的复数形式。如: The old man is in his sixties.这位老人六十多岁了。 (5)以基数词合成的定语,其中的名词用单数。如: a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁的男孩 an 8-meter-long truck 一辆八米长的卡车 (6)表示时间。如:at nine o’clock在九点钟 at ten to seven 在6:50 (7)表示年代。如:①in+年代:in 1990 在1990年; ②in +the+整十数复数:in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 (8)表示倍数。如:基数词+times:This room is three times as large as that one. 这间屋子是那间屋子的三倍大。 考点02 序数词 1.基本的序数词 1st first 11th eleventh 21st twenty-first 2nd second 12th twelfth 22nd twenty-second 3rd third 13th thirteenth 30th thirtieth 4th fourth 14th fourteenth 40th fortieth 5th fifth 15th fifteenth 50th fiftieth 6th sixth 16th sixteenth 60th sixtieth 7th seventh 17th seventeenth 70th seventieth 8th eighth 18th eighteenth 80th eightieth 9th ninth 19th nineteenth 90th ninetieth 10th tenth 20th twentieth 100th hundredth 1.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。如: (the)first=lst (the)second=2nd (the)third=3rd (the)fifth=5th (the)ninety-seventh=97th (the)one hundred(and)first=101st 2.数词的变化规则 (1)一般情况下,基数词词尾加-th,即可构成序数词。如: four→fourth, eighteen→ eighteenth， hundred→hundredth等。 (2)表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。如: fifty→ fiftieth, thirty→thirtieth 等。 其余的两位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如: fifty-one→fifty-first (3)不规则序数词的变化。如:one→first，two→second，three→third,five→fifth, eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve→twelfth 等。 3.序数词的用法 (1)序数词表示顺序,其位置在名词之前,并用定冠词。如: the first lesson 第一课 the No.2 bus 2路公交车 【注】“301房间”这样的词“Room 301”,由于数字较长,所以避免用序数词表示。 (2)序数词的前面有时可以加上不定冠词,表示“又一,再一”。如: We'll have to do it a second time.我们不得不再做一次。 (3)表示日期。如: May 1st读作“May the first”或“the first of May”。 (4)序数词主要作定语,也作主语、宾语和表语等。被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如: We're going to learn the eighth lesson.(作定语)我们将要学习第八课。 The first is bigger than the second.(作主语)第一个比第二个大。 Give me the first.(作宾语)把第一个给我。 She's often the first to go to school.(作表语)她经常第一个去上学。 考点03 分数词 1.分数 分数由基数词和序数构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于1时,分母用复数。如: one sixth 1/6 two thirds 2/3 three fifths 3/5 【注】 1/2 通常读作 one half,一般不读 a second;1/4 可读作 one fourth,也可读作 one quarter。 2.百分数 百分数由“基数词+per cent(美式英语写作percent)”组成。如: fifteen percent 15% one hundred and four percent 104% 【注】 当分数或百分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式,由其后的名词的数决定。 Three quarters of the earth is covered by water.地球四分之三的面积被水覆盖。 Two thirds of the science books are written in English.科技书籍的三分之二是用英语写的。 重点小练 （1）—A recent research shows that 45 out of 55 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire. —About______Of the students made such a choice?Life is far more important,isn’t it? A. half B.one third C.three quarters D.two thirds 【解析】选D.本题考查分数的计算和表达。 “45 out of 55”对应 “大约四分之三”,所以用 “three quarters”. （2）—What do you think of the environment here,Mr.Zhang? —Wonderful!________of the land________covered with trees and flowers. A. Three fifths;is B.Three fifth;is B. Three fifths;are D.Three fifth;are 【解析】选A.本题考查分数的表达。 “五分之三”的正确表达是 “three fifths”,后面的动词根据前面的名词形式决定，根据 “land”用 “is”. （3）—Which is the smallest number of the four? —_______. A. Two-thirds B.A quarter C.A half D.Three-fourths 【解析】本题考查分数之间的表达与比较。选B.对以上分数进行翻译，分别是：2/3,1/2,1/4,和3/4.所以最小的是1/4. （4）—What’s the date today? —Oh,it’s________.We still have one week off. A. the June 9th B.June 9th B. the 9 of June D.June 9 【解析】选B.本题考查月份日期的表达。对于日期的表达，可以用 “the+序数词+of+月份”或 “月份+序数词”. （5）—What time does the movie begin? —At_________.It’s seven now,so we’d better hurry. A. fifteenth past seven B.fifty past seven C.half to seven D.a quarter past seven 【解析】选D.本题考察时间的表达。如果分钟数少于30分钟，可用 “分钟+past+钟点”表示，其中past是介词,意为 “过”,如果分钟数多于30分钟，可用（60—原分钟）+to+(原钟点+1）表示 “差”。 （6）Asia is___________Europe. A. three times as larger as B.three time larger as C.three times large as D.as large as three times 【解析】选C.倍数的结构式有：A+is+倍数+as+adj.原级+as+B. （7）—I am sure you will be going to the concert with us,won’t you? —Sure,I’d love to.There are_________people at the concert. A. four thousands of B.four thousands C.thousands of D.four thousand of 【解析】选C.本题考查基数词的用法。Hundred,thousand,million,billion等词，若前面有具体数字，则用单数形式。若这些词没有具体数字，表示泛指，则用复数，并要与of短语连用。 （8）—Lucy,what class are your sister in? —She’s in________and our classroom is on_______floor. A. Three Class,Eight Grade;sixth B.the third class,the Eighth grade;six B. Class three,Grade Eight;sixth D.Class Three,Grade Eight;the sixth 【解析】选D.class和grade在这里是专有名词，结构为 “名词+数词”,两者都要大写。第二个空为序数词,前应加the. （9）Three-child policy has been carried out.Most parents are planning to have their______child. A. one B.three C.first D.third 【解析】选D.本题考查序数词的用法。根据句意 “三胎政策已经实行。大多数父母正打算要第三个孩子。” “第二个”用 “third”。 （10）Jack was the_______of the_______students who climbed up to the top of the hill. A. Five;forty B.eighth;fortieth B. fifth;forty D.eight;fortieth 【解析】选C.本题考查基数词和序数词的区别。表示 “第几”用序数词，表示数量用基数词。 “杰克是四十个学生中第五个爬上山顶的人。” 好题必测 （1）（2019春考）Nowadays about 70% of the energy used in this city_______from oil and gas. A.come B.comes C.have come D.had come【解析】选B. 本题考查百分数与时态。当分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由其后的名词的数决定。energy是不可数名词，再根据句意可知本剧应用一般现在时。 （2）（2018春考）________of the students in our class went to the English party yesterday. A. Three fourth B.Three fourths B. Third four D.Third fourths 【解析】选B.本题考查分数的表达。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母用复数。 （3）（2017春考）—It is reported that there are______bike-sharing app users in China now. —Yes,bike-sharing service has brought us great convenience. A. five millions B.five millions of B. million of D.millions of 【解析】选D.本题考查基数词的用法。Hundred,thousand,million,billion等词，若前面有具体数字，则用单数形式。若这些词没有具体数字，表示泛指，则用复数，并要与of短语连用。 （4）（2016春考）My father was born_________.When he was________,he went abroad. A.in 1970;in his thirty B.in the 1970s;in his thirties C.in the 1970s;in his thirty D.in 1970s;in his thirties 【解析】选B. 本题考查数词表示时间的用法。“在...年代”用in+the+数词复数形式；表示某人的大约年龄，可用整十的基数词的复数形式。 （5）(2015春考）—Do you know where the sales department is? —It’s on ________floor. A. nine B.ninth C.the ninth D.a ninth 【解析】选C.本题考查序数词的用法。序数词修饰名词必须放在名词的前面，并且加定冠词the。 （6）Mary is a hard-working writer.She wrote her_______novel when she was________years old. A. six;fifty B.sixth;fifty C.sixth;fiftieth D.six;fiftieth 【解析】选B.本题考查基数词和序数词的区别。表示 “第几”用序数词，表示年龄 “几岁”用基数词。 “她五十岁的时候写了她的第六本书。” （7）Four_______students_______to the opening ceremony last Saturday. A. hundreds;were invited B.hundred;were invited B. hundreds of;invited D.hundred of;invited 【解析】选B.本题考查基数词和被动语态的用法。Hundred,thousand,million,billion等词，若前面有具体数字，则用单数形式。若这些词没有具体数字，表示泛指，则用复数，并要与of短语连用。 “学生们被邀请”用被动语态。 （8）—Can you write the number sixty-nine thousand,five hundred and twenty-six? —Yes,it is____________. A. 69,662 B.69,526 C.56,662 D.56,526 【解析】选B. 本题考查数词的写法。1000以上的多位数，要使用计数间隔号，即从个位起，每隔三位加一个间隔号。第一个间隔号前是thousand，第二个间隔号前是million. （9）Everybody,please turns to page________.Today we’ll study the_______lesson. A. ninth;seven B.nine;seventh C.ninth;seventh D.nine;seven 【解析】选B.本题考查基数词与序数词的用法区别。用基数词表示顺序，其位置在名词后。序数词表示顺序，其位置在名词前。 （10）Our winter holiday is coming.Three_______the students in our school will go camping. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundred D.hundreds of 【解析】选A.Hundred,thousand,million,billion等词，若前面有具体数字，则用单数形式。且后面不加of，但当名词前有the时，the前要加of. （11）_______the students usually search on the Internet and get information. A.65 percent of B.65 percent C.65 percents of D.65 percents 【解析】选A.本题考查百分数的用法。百分数的表示法为：基数词+percent+of. （12）It will take them______to finish the task. A. four years and half B.four and half years C.four and a half years D.four years of a half 【解析】选C.本题考查基数词表示时间的用法。 “四年半”的正确表达为:four and a half years. （13）Mark is 190centimeters tall,and his daughter is 95 centimeters tall.So he is______she. A. Twice so tall as B.twice as tall as C.two taller than D.twice tall than 【解析】选B.本题考查倍数的表达。倍数的结构式有： “A+is+倍数+as+adj.原级+as+B”.和 “A+is+倍数+比较级+than+B”. （14）These shoes are for_______. A. we four B.four us C.four we D.us four 【解析】选D. “for”是介词，后加宾格。four是us的同位语，置于其后。句意为： “这些书是我们四个的。” （15)The Olympic Games are held________. A. every four years B.every fourth year C.every fourth years D.every four-year 【解析】选A.本题考查基数词的用法。 “奥运会每四年举办一次。” “每四年”的正确表达为 “every four years”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ►专题04 数词用法梳理 考点精讲 考点01 基数词 1.基本的数词 1 one 11 eleven — — 100 a/one hundred 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1000 a/one thousand 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 1000000 a/one million 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 100000000 a/one hundred million 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 1000000000 a/one billion 10 ten 20 — — — 2.基数词的构成方法 (1)13-19 由个位数加后缀-teen构成,其中13、15的写法是thirteen 和fifteen。 (2)20-90由个位数或个位数变形后加后缀-ty构成,其中80的写法是eighty。(3)其他非整十的两位数21-99由“整十位数+连字符十个位数”构成。如: seventy-four 74 eighty-one 81 (4)101-999的基数词先写百位数,后加and再写十位数和个位数。如: six hundred and ninety-one 691 seven hundred and five 705 (5)1.000 以上的四位数先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and,最后写十位数和个位数。如: one thousand two hundred and thirty-four 1,234 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 5,893 (6)1,000 以上的多位数,要使用计数间隔号,即从个位起,每隔三位加一个间隔号。第一个间隔号前是thousand(千),第二个间隔号前是million(百万),第三个间隔号前是thousand ,million 或billion(十亿)。如: five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety 567,890 eight hundred and eighty-eight million 888,000,000 nine billion seven hundred and fifty million six hundred and thirty-two thousand five hundred 9,750,632,500 3.数词的用法 (1)基数词在句中的作用 基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等。如: Three and five is eight.(作主语和表语)三加五等于八。 -How many oranges do you want? 你要多少橘子? -I want eight(作宾语)我要八个。 There are eight boats in the lake.(作定语)湖里有八条小船。 (2)hundred,thousand, million,billion 等词,若前面有具体数字,则用单数形式。若这些词前没有具体数字,表示泛指,则用复数,并要与of短语连用。如: three hundred people 三百人 five thousand years 五千年 thousands of people数千人 hundreds of students 数百名学生 (3)用基数词表示顺序,其位置在名词之后。如: Lesson One 第一课 Bus No.2二路公交车 (4)表示某人的大约年龄,可用整十数的基数词的复数形式。如: The old man is in his sixties.这位老人六十多岁了。 (5)以基数词合成的定语,其中的名词用单数。如: a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁的男孩 an 8-meter-long truck 一辆八米长的卡车 (6)表示时间。如:at nine o’clock在九点钟 at ten to seven 在6:50 (7)表示年代。如:①in+年代:in 1990 在1990年; ②in +the+整十数复数:in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 (8)表示倍数。如:基数词+times:This room is three times as large as that one. 这间屋子是那间屋子的三倍大。 考点02 序数词 1.基本的序数词 1st first 11th eleventh 21st twenty-first 2nd second 12th twelfth 22nd twenty-second 3rd third 13th thirteenth 30th thirtieth 4th fourth 14th fourteenth 40th fortieth 5th fifth 15th fifteenth 50th fiftieth 6th sixth 16th sixteenth 60th sixtieth 7th seventh 17th seventeenth 70th seventieth 8th eighth 18th eighteenth 80th eightieth 9th ninth 19th nineteenth 90th ninetieth 10th tenth 20th twentieth 100th hundredth 1.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。如: (the)first=lst (the)second=2nd (the)third=3rd (the)fifth=5th (the)ninety-seventh=97th (the)one hundred(and)first=101st 2.数词的变化规则 (1)一般情况下,基数词词尾加-th,即可构成序数词。如: four→fourth, eighteen→ eighteenth， hundred→hundredth等。 (2)表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。如: fifty→ fiftieth, thirty→thirtieth 等。 其余的两位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如: fifty-one→fifty-first (3)不规则序数词的变化。如:one→first，two→second，three→third,five→fifth, eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve→twelfth 等。 3.序数词的用法 (1)序数词表示顺序,其位置在名词之前,并用定冠词。如: the first lesson 第一课 the No.2 bus 2路公交车 【注】“301房间”这样的词“Room 301”,由于数字较长,所以避免用序数词表示。 (2)序数词的前面有时可以加上不定冠词,表示“又一,再一”。如: We'll have to do it a second time.我们不得不再做一次。 (3)表示日期。如: May 1st读作“May the first”或“the first of May”。 (4)序数词主要作定语,也作主语、宾语和表语等。被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如: We're going to learn the eighth lesson.(作定语)我们将要学习第八课。 The first is bigger than the second.(作主语)第一个比第二个大。 Give me the first.(作宾语)把第一个给我。 She's often the first to go to school.(作表语)她经常第一个去上学。 考点03 分数词 1.分数 分数由基数词和序数构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于1时,分母用复数。如: one sixth 1/6 two thirds 2/3 three fifths 3/5 【注】 1/2 通常读作 one half,一般不读 a second;1/4 可读作 one fourth,也可读作 one quarter。 2.百分数 百分数由“基数词+per cent(美式英语写作percent)”组成。如: fifteen percent 15% one hundred and four percent 104% 【注】 当分数或百分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式,由其后的名词的数决定。 Three quarters of the earth is covered by water.地球四分之三的面积被水覆盖。 Two thirds of the science books are written in English.科技书籍的三分之二是用英语写的。 重点小练 （1）—A recent research shows that 45 out of 55 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire. —About______Of the students made such a choice?Life is far more important,isn’t it? A. half B.one third C.three quarters D.two thirds （2）—What do you think of the environment here,Mr.Zhang? —Wonderful!________of the land________covered with trees and flowers. A. Three fifths;is B.Three fifth;is B. Three fifths;are D.Three fifth;are （3）—Which is the smallest number of the four? —_______. A. Two-thirds B.A quarter C.A half D.Three-fourths （4）—What’s the date today? —Oh,it’s________.We still have one week off. A. the June 9th B.June 9th B. the 9 of June D.June 9 （5）—What time does the movie begin? —At_________.It’s seven now,so we’d better hurry. A. fifteenth past seven B.fifty past seven C.half to seven D.a quarter past seven （6）Asia is___________Europe. A. three times as larger as B.three time larger as C.three times large as D.as large as three times （7）—I am sure you will be going to the concert with us,won’t you? —Sure,I’d love to.There are_________people at the concert. A. four thousands of B.four thousands C.thousands of D.four thousand of （8）—Lucy,what class are your sister in? —She’s in________and our classroom is on_______floor. A. Three Class,Eight Grade;sixth B.the third class,the Eighth grade;six B. Class three,Grade Eight;sixth D.Class Three,Grade Eight;the sixth （9）Three-child policy has been carried out.Most parents are planning to have their______child. A. one B.three C.first D.third （10）Jack was the_______of the_______students who climbed up to the top of the hill. A. Five;forty B.eighth;fortieth B. fifth;forty D.eight;fortieth 好题必测 （1）（2019春考）Nowadays about 70% of the energy used in this city_______from oil and gas. A.come B.comes C.have come D.had come（2）（2018春考）________of the students in our class went to the English party yesterday. A. Three fourth B.Three fourths B. Third four D.Third fourths （3）（2017春考）—It is reported that there are______bike-sharing app users in China now. —Yes,bike-sharing service has brought us great convenience. A. five millions B.five millions of B. million of D.millions of （4）（2016春考）My father was born_________.When he was________,he went abroad. A.in 1970;in his thirty B.in the 1970s;in his thirties C.in the 1970s;in his thirty D.in 1970s;in his thirties （5）(2015春考）—Do you know where the sales department is? —It’s on ________floor. A. nine B.ninth C.the ninth D.a ninth （6）Mary is a hard-working writer.She wrote her_______novel when she was________years old. A. six;fifty B.sixth;fifty C.sixth;fiftieth D.six;fiftieth （7）Four_______students_______to the opening ceremony last Saturday. A. hundreds;were invited B.hundred;were invited B. hundreds of;invited D.hundred of;invited （8）—Can you write the number sixty-nine thousand,five hundred and twenty-six? —Yes,it is____________. A. 69,662 B.69,526 C.56,662 D.56,526 （9）Everybody,please turns to page________.Today we’ll study the_______lesson. A. ninth;seven B.nine;seventh C.ninth;seventh D.nine;seven （10）Our winter holiday is coming.Three_______the students in our school will go camping. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundred D.hundreds of （11）_______the students usually search on the Internet and get information. A.65 percent of B.65 percent C.65 percents of D.65 percents （12）It will take them______to finish the task. A. four years and half B.four and half years C.four and a half years D.four years of a half （13）Mark is 190centimeters tall,and his daughter is 95 centimeters tall.So he is______she. A. Twice so tall as B.twice as tall as C.two taller than D.twice tall than （14）These shoes are for_______. A. we four B.four us C.four we D.us four （15)The Olympic Games are held________. A. every four years B.every fourth year C.every fourth years D.every four-year 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$