Unit 2 Let's talk teens Reading 词汇讲解讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

　　　　　　　　必修一unit ２reading 单词/短语+必备干货 1.battle n.&vt.&vi争论;战斗,搏斗;斗争 turn into a battle fight a ( n )...battle 打.…的仗 accept the battle 应战 gain/win a battle取得战斗的胜利 battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役 battle with/against sb./sth.( for sth. )(为某事)与某人/某事战斗 battle against difficulties和困难作斗争 battle for为……而战,为……而奋斗 battle for justice 为正义而斗争 battle for life为生存而战 battle for rights 为权利而战 2. see eye to eye with sb.( on sth.)(在某事上)与某人看法一致 be all eyes全神贯注地看;目不转睛 an eye for an eye以眼还眼;以牙还牙 have an eye for... 对……有鉴赏力(或识别力、眼力) have one's eye on sb. 密切注视/盯住/监视某人 catch one's eye 吸引某人的注意 keep an eye on sb./sth. 照看/留神/留意某人/某物 shade one's eyes from/against 遮住某人的眼睛以防(.…的伤害) 3.argument n.争吵,争论; 论点,论据,理由 argue vi.争吵,争辩，争论 vt.说理,论证 win/lose an argument赢得/输掉辩论 have an argument with sb.与某人争论/争吵 have an argument about/over sth为某事争论/争吵 get into an argument with sb.与某人争论/争吵起来 an argument for/against 支持/反对……的理由或论据拓 argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵 argue about/over sth.为某事争论/争吵 argue with sb.about/over sth.就某事与某人争论/争吵 argue that... 主张/认为….. argue for/against ( doing )sth.赞成/反对(做)某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 4.tension n. 紧张关系;紧张;拉伸 reduce/relieve tension缓和紧张 tension between...and...……和……的紧张关系 muscle tension肌肉绷紧 tension 指关系、状况、局势等紧张; pressure 意为“心理压力、紧张;压力;压强”; stress 指因生活问题引起的精神压力、心理负担、紧张; strain 指压力、重负、重压之下出现的问题、担忧。 under pressure/stress/strain承受压力 cause tension/stress/strain导致压力 cope with the tension/stress/pressure/ strain应对压力 5. result in导致 =lead to,后跟造成的结果 result in sb./sth.doing sth.导致某人/某物做某事 动名词复合结构作宾语 result in a traffic accident导致一场交通事故 result in health problems引起健康问题 cause sb./sth. to do sth.使某人/某物做某事 lead to contribute to bring about 导致 cause/lead to/result in a sharp increase导致急剧增加 6.anxious adj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的 anxiety n.焦虑 anxiously adv.焦虑地 be anxious to do sth.渴望/急于做某事 be anxious for sth.渴望得到某物 be anxious for sb. to do...盼望某人做…… be anxious about...为.…忧虑/担心 be anxious that...( should )do...渴望……做……，担心，焦虑 an anxious look/face/expression忧虑的目光/面容/表情 ask/look/wait anxiously 忧虑地问/瞧/等待 anxiety about/over sth.对某事的焦虑 intense/deep anxiety极度/深深的忧虑 anxious可指较强烈的担忧和不安,且较正式; worried指对某个问题或可能发生的不幸有所担忧; feel worried 感到担心 nervous 常用来形容重要事情(如考试、面试)前的紧张不安。 get nervous 变得紧张 7.rate n.速度;率 vi. & vt.评价,评估 名词搭配 at this/that rate照此情形 at any rate 无论如何,不管怎样 a high/low/rising rate of unemployment高/低/不断增长的失业率 an error rate 错误率 rates of tax/interest税率/利率 at an alarming rate以惊人的速度. 动词搭配 rate sb./sth.( as )... 评价某人/某物(为).…. 8. shoot vi.& vt.( shot, shot)(使朝某方向)冲,奔;射击;射杀;摄影 shoot up 快速长高，蹿个儿 shoot sb. in the leg/head射击某人的腿/头 shoot out from从……中射出 shoot sb. a quick/sharp/warning look/ glance 迅速地看/狠狠地瞪/警告地看某人一眼 shoot oneself in the foot 搬起石头砸自己的脚,自找麻烦 shoot to fame 一举成名 shot n.枪声;射击;射门;照片 fire several shots射击几次 Good shot! 好球! 9.spot n.粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点,场所 v.发现;看见 a nice quiet spot on the beach 海滩上一个安静的好地方 on the spot立即,马上;当场 spot sb. doing sth.发现某人做某事=see/notice/find sb. doing sth. dot小点、小圆点 mark 污点、污迹、斑点 10. target n.(攻击的)目标，对象;靶子 vt.把.…作为攻击目标;面向，把...对准 名词搭配 meet/achieve a target完成/达到目标 hit/miss the target 击中目标 未击中目标 完成指标 未完成指标 为某物制定目标set a target for sth on target有可能实现目标 a target audience/group/area目标受众/群体/范围 target language目标语言,目的语言 动词搭配 target sb/sth把某人或某物作为目标 be targeted at目标是，旨在 target sth. at sb./sth.把……对准……;把……瞄向…… 11. anger n.怒气,怒火 v.使发怒;激怒 angry adj.生气的 angrily adv.生气地 名词搭配 in anger愤怒 anger at sb./sth.对某人或某事愤怒. 动词搭配 anger sb.激怒某人 be angered by/at sth.被某事激怒 be angry with/at对......生气 be angry about/over为..生气 12. mental adj.思想的，精神的,智力的 mentally adv.思想上,精神上,智力上 go mental 发疯;发神经 physical and mental health 身心健康 the mental development of children儿童的智力发展 Generally, women are physically but not mentally weaker than men. 一般说来,女性在体力上而不是智力上比男性弱。 13. desire n. vt. 渴望，希望desired adj.预期的 desirable 值得拥有的，值得做的 名词搭配 a strong desire to win强烈的获胜欲望 express/show a desire表达/表现欲望 have a desire for渴望得到.… have no desire to do sth.不想做某事 have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事. 动词搭配 desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth.希望某人做某事 desire that...渴望 14..struggle vi. n. 奋斗，斗争，搏斗 struggle with sb./sth. 与某人或某物作斗争 struggle for sth.为某事奋斗 struggle against sth.与。。。斗争 struggle to do sth.挣扎着做某事或努力做某事 struggle for independence 争取独立 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 a struggling artist/writer/business苦苦挣扎(艰难谋生)的艺术家/作家/公司. 名词搭配 a struggle with/against与…的斗争 a struggle for与……的斗争 be a struggle ( for sb. )(对某人而言)是困难(费劲)的事 15.rough adj.艰难的;粗糙的;不确切的 n.草稿;草图 roughly adv.大约,大致;粗暴地;粗糙地 a rough day 艰难的一天 a rough idea大致的想法 have a rough time度过一段困难时期 be rough on sb.对某人粗暴 in rough 粗略地,大致上 rough v. rough sth. out 勾勒,画……的草图;草拟 16.breakdown n.(关系)破裂;故障 a breakdown in/of sth.某方面的破裂或失败 a breakdown recovery service车辆抢修服务 have a breakdown发生故障;抛锚 breakdown 是由短语break down(出故障;失败;垮掉;消除;使分解)转化而来的合成词。 类似的还有: break through 突破→breakthrough n.突破 break out 爆发,突然发生→ outbreak n. 爆发,突然发生 put out 生产,制造→ output n.产量 burst out 突然喊叫→outburst 　n.爆发,进发 come out 结果是→ outcome 　n.结果,效果 17. regular adj.频繁的;有规律的 regularly adv.定期地;有规律地 ( as )regular as clockwork非常有规律;很准时 take regular exercise经常锻炼 a regular customer/visitor老主顾 a regular income固定收入 a regular job/regular work/regular employment固定工作 a regular meeting 例行会议 pay regular visits to定期访问...... 反义词:irregular adj.不规则的,无规律的 18. calm/ka:m/ vt. 使平静,使镇静 adj.镇静的,沉着的 calmly adv.平静地 calmness n.平静 calm down平静,镇静,安静 remain/stay/keep calm保持冷静 be dead calm(海洋、湖泊等)平静的,风平浪静的 calm平静 指无风指情绪 quiet 安静- 指不吵闹 still 静止,寂静指完全无声 指一动不动 silent沉默的，无声的 指人不说话 指环境不喧闹 19. view/vju:/ n.看法;视线;景色 v.把.....视为;观看 viewer　 n.观众 from one's point of view从某人的角度、观点出发 have different/conflicting/opposing views 有不同的/矛盾的/相反的观点 support the view that...支持....观点 in view of sth.鉴于;考虑到;由于 in one's view( =in one’s opinion )在某人看来 get/have a view of 观看。。。的视野很好 an exchange of views交换意见 come into view映人眼帘 disappear from view从视野中消失 block one's view挡住某人的视线 a sea/mountain view 海景/山景 view sb./sth. as...视某人/某物为… be viewed as 被视为 take the view that... 持……态度(that引导同位语从句) 20. think sth. through 充分考虑,全盘考虑,想透 think her feelings through充分考虑她的感受 think the consequence of...through把……的后果想清楚 think nothing of it别在意;没什么;别客气 think out of the box跳出框框想问题;打破陈规 think twice about ( doing )sth. 三思而行;慎重考虑后再决定 think back ( to sth.)回想;追忆 think of...as...把……看作……;把……视为…… think sth.out 认真考虑;仔细盘算 21.concern n.担心,忧虑;关心 vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧;(对..…)感兴趣 concerned adj.担心的;关心的 concerning prep.关于,涉及 名词搭配 concern about sth./sb.对某事/某人的担心 concern for sth./sb.对某事/某人的关心 动词搭配 concern oneself with/about sth.对某事感兴趣 It concerns sb. that...……让某人担忧。 be concerned with sth.与.…有关 ，涉及 be concerned about sth.关心/担心某事 as/so far as..is concerned就 .....而言 22.back down 承认错误,认输 back up 后退;倒(车) back sb./sth.up支持;证实(某人所言) back onto sth.背向;背靠 back out ( of sth.)退出;撒手 back and forth 反复地,来回地 23.normal adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态,通常标准 abnormal adj.反常的;畸形的 above/below normal高于/低于正常水平 in the normal way按照惯例 live a normal life 过正常的生活 be back to normal恢复正常 bring...back to normal使…恢复正常 It is normal ( for sb. ) to do sth.(某人)做某事是正常的。 abnormal condition 异常情况 abnormal behaviour 异常行为 24.stress/stres/ n.精神压力，紧张;强调 vt.强调,着重 stressful adj.有压力的(修饰事物) stressed adj.焦虑不安的(形容人的感受或表情)，感到有压力的 名词搭配 reduce/relieve stress缓解压力 put/lay stress on sth强调…… be under stress /pressure在压力下 under the stress of承受……的压力 动词搭配 stress sb.out 使某人焦虑/紧张 stress that...强调…… stress the importance of强调……的重要性 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$