Unit1 The king's new clothes 知识点讲解（讲义）-2024-2025学年译林版（三起）英语六年级上册

牛津译林版六年级上册第一单元The king’s new clothes知识点讲解 Teaching objectives 1.知识目标：学生能够掌握第一单元的短语和词汇 2.技能目标：学生能够掌握一般过去时态的用法。 3.情感目标：学生能够区别事实和谎言。 Key points, Difficult points 1.一般过去时态用法。 2.动词的过去式变型。 Lead-in Do you know the story?Can you tell the story for us in English? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now,let’s listen to the tape and answer the following questions: Why did the boy laugh? 为什么男孩要笑？ _______________________________________________________________________________ Words and phrases long long ago___________ magic______________clever______________foolish______________through__________ laugh__________wear_________turn into___________sentence______________each________ quick______________think______________another______________next______________ turn______________hard__________ Reading Long long ago,there was a king.He liked new clothes.One day,two men visited the king.“My king,we can make new clothes for you.”The king was happy. The two men showed the king his new clothes.“My king,please try on these magic clothes.Clever people can see them.Foolish people can’t see them.” The king walked through the city in his new clothes.There were a lot of people in the street.They looked at the king and shouted.“What beautiful clothes!” A little boy pointed at the king and laughed,“Ha!Ha!The king isn’t wearing any clothes!” Read and answer: 1. What did the king like? _________________________________________________________ 2. What did the two men do for the king? _________________________________________________________ 3. Did the king really wear new clothes?why? __________________________________________________________ Language points 考点1.Long long ago,there was a king.很久很久以前，有一位国王。 There were a lot of people in the street.有很多人在街道上。 【知识详解】 本句是一般过去时的句子。一般过去时表示过去发生的事情，这种时态的时间为过去，如：long long ago,yesterday,just now等，而句子中的动词要用其过去式。这句话的时间状语为过去，因此要在句中运用be动词的过去式。be动词的过去式为was/were. 因此，There be句型的过去时态形式为：there was+名词单数/不可数名词 there were+可数名词复数。表示某地过去有某物。 注意：此时仍要遵循就近原则。 例：Long long ago,there was a little girl and a bear. 很久很久之前，有一个小女孩和一只熊。 Long long ago,there were some ducks and a goose in the forest. 很久很久以前，在森林里有一些鸭子和一只鹅。 【典例讲解】 圈出表示时间的名词，并填写be动词的恰当形式。 (1) There a lot of people in the street now. (2) Long long ago, there a king. (3) Long long ago, there a lot of houses here. (4) The water very clean before 2003. 【实景运用】 我是小小故事创作家！小朋友们，请观察下面的图片来试着用there was/were来编个故事的开头吧！ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点2.One day,two men visited the king.“My king,we can make new clothes for you.” 有一天，两个人来拜访国王，他们说：国王，我们可以为您做新衣服。 【知识详解】 本句也是一个一般过去时的句子，其中visited作visit过去式，含义为（过去）拜访...。 make作动词，含义为制作，固定短语：make sth for sb____________make sb sth.为某人制作某物 翻译：我们要给老师制作一杯果汁。 ___________________________________________________ 让我为你制作三明治吧！ ___________________________________________________ for和to的区别：for带有一种专门为了某人努力做的含义，而to则没有这种含义。 【典例讲解】 1.( ) We can_____ new clothes _____you. A. make, to B. made, for C. make, for 2.We can make a toy _____you. 考点3.The two men showed the king his new clothes. 这两个男的给国王展示了他的新衣服。 【知识讲解】 show sb. sth.____________ show sth. to sb. 展示某物给某人/向某人展示某物 注意：sb如果是人称代词时，注意用宾格 翻译：我的妈妈经常给我展示她的照片。 ___________________________________________________ 很久很久之前，这只鸭妈妈向她的朋友展示她的家庭。 _____________________________________________________ 【典例详解】 1.他给我看他的故事书. _______________________=______________________ 2. toy, the, boys, two, showed, father, the, their, new (.) ___________________________________________________________________ 考点4.“My king,please try on these magic clothes.Clever people can see them.Foolish people can’t see them.” 我的陛下，请穿上这些拥有无上魔力的衣服吧！智慧的人能够看到他们，而愚蠢的人看不到他们！ 【知识详解】 try on作动词短语，含义为“试穿”，try on sth含义为试穿某物。如果和代词进行搭配，则将代词放在中间，如try it on. try过去式为tried。 翻译：他经常在衣服店试穿新衣服。 ________________________________________ 昨天他试穿了这双鞋子，但是他们不合适。 ________________________________________ 【典例讲解】 1.这个聪明的女孩试穿了她的新裙子。___________________________ 2.那个愚蠢男孩试穿了这件有魔力的外套。__________________________ 3.The dress is so beautiful,Lily,please___________. A.try on it B.try it on C.try on them D.try them on 【实景运用】 我是小小侦探家！小朋友们，请根据以下的一个故事的小片段，来猜猜以下的小故事来自于哪一个童话故事吧！ Her sister tried on the shoe but it didn’t fit!Then the other sister also tried it on but it didn’t fit,either!When she tried it on,it fits!And she went to the prince’s party at last! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点5.The king walked through the city in his new clothes. 这个国王穿着他的新衣服走过城市。 【知识详解】 walk through作动词短语，表示走路（从内部）穿过,in+衣服，表示穿着...衣服 例：你看到那个穿黄色外套的女孩了吗？ _________________________________________________ 我昨天步行穿过了森林，并拜访了小兔子一家。 __________________________________________________ 辨析：wear, put on 和in wear 穿着（强调状态，是动词）wear 过去式为：______ put on 穿上(强调动作，是动词短语)，反义词组：take off in一般主语之后或者句末修饰主语所穿的衣服的状态。 【典例讲解】 用wear, put on 或者in填空 1. 请穿上你的外套。Please your coat. 2. 这个小女孩正穿着她的新衣服。 The little girl her new clothes. 3. 穿着一条红色连衣裙的女孩是我妹妹。The girl a red dress is my sister. 考点6.They looked at the king and shouted.“What beautiful clothes!” 他们看着国王并大喊道，多漂亮的衣服呀。 【知识详解】 looked和shouted均为动词过去式，表示过去看和大喊。 What beautiful clothes为感叹句，感叹句的句式一般为： What +a/an+adj+可数名词单数 名词 what +adj+可数名词复数 how+形容词 翻译：她跑的可真快啊！______________________________ 这是一本多有趣的书啊！______________________________ 考点7.A little boy pointed at the king and laughed,“Ha!Ha!The king isn’t wearing any clothes!” 一个小男孩指着国王大笑道：“哈哈，这个国王现在什么衣服都没有穿嘛！” 【知识详解】 point作动词，含义为指，固定短语：point at 指着... 翻译：很久很久之前，这个人指着一头小鹿，并说它是马。 _________________________________________________________________________ 【典例讲解】 一个男人指着狗大笑。 _______________________________________ 【实景运用】 我说你做 Dictation 1.填写动词的正确形式。 Long long ago,there _____(be) a king.He (like) new clothes.One day,two men ____________(visit) the king.“My king,we can make new clothes for you.”The king was happy. The two men____________( show) the king his new clothes.“My king,please try on these magic clothes.Clever people can see them.Foolish people can’t see them.” The king____________ (walk)through the city in his new clothes.There ____ a lot of people in the street.They _____(look) at the king and ____________(shout).“What beautiful clothes!” A little boy ____________(point) at the king and ____________(laugh),“Ha!Ha!The king isn’t wearing any clothes!” 2.重点短语默写。 1. 很久以前（是一般过去时的标志词） 2. 新衣服 3. 为你制作新衣服 4. 给皇帝展示新衣服 5. 试穿 6. 有魔力的衣服 7. 步行穿过 8. 对某人大叫 9. 对某人大笑 10. 看某人/某物 11. 指向某人/某物 Grammar 【语法精讲】 一般过去时 1.一般过去时概述 1. 含义：用于表示过去某个时间存在的状态或者发生的动作。用动词的过去式表示。 2. 结构：主语+行为动词过去式/be动词过去式+其他 2. 常与一般过去时连用的时间连用，如：just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week/night/weekend/year/month, three weeks/ days ago, this morning, the day before yesterday, in 2014等。(必背） e.g.: My sister was at home just now. The twins went to school at six yesterday morning. 2.一般过去时的用法 (1) 表示过去某个时间存在的状态，常与be动词连用，如： The schools were very small last year. My mobile phone was here just now. (2) 表示过去发生的动作或过去经常性习惯性的动作，常含实义动词，如： He got up at six this morning. We watched TV last night. 3.动词过去式的变化 ★规则动词的过去式变化规则： 1. 一般情况下，在词尾直接加-ed，如：cook-cooked; milk-milked; pull-pulled。 2. 以e结尾，加-d，如：like-liked; taste-tasted。 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-ed，如：study-studied; cry-cried; carry-carried。 4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾，直接加ed，如：stay-stayed; enjoy-enjoyed; play-played。 5. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped; shop-shopped; plan-planned。 注意规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音 读音规则 读音 例词 在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ moved /mu:vd/ play /pleid/ 在清辅音后面 /t/ passed /pa:st/ walked /wɔ:kt/ 在t/d后面 /id/ start /’sta:tid/ needed /’ni:did/ 【配套练习】 一、写出下列动词的过去式。 1.laugh 2.am 3.are 4.show 5.like 6.play 7.live 8.stay 9.cry 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Look! The man (wear) a kilt. 2.Don’t (shout) at the old man. 3.The boy pointed at the king and (laugh). 4.The king (walk) through the city now. 5.I (show) many stamps to my friends last Sunday. 6.There (be) a big tree and many beautiful flowers in the garden last spring. 7.—Can you (make) a new dress for my doll? —Yes, of course. 8.Jim usually (visit) his grandparents on Sundays. But he (visit) them last Saturday. Cartoon time Miss Fox and her students are playing a game.They are telling a story.Each student says one sentence. Miss Fox starts. Long long ago, there was a mountain. Sam is quick. There was a house on the mountain. Great, Sam! Willy says the next sentence.An old man and a little boy lived in the house. Wonderful,Willy! Billy says a sentence too. The old man told the boy a story. Good! It is Bobby’s turn.He is thinking hard.Bobby,what's next? Long long ago, there was ... a mountain. Ha! Ha! We have to start the story again. 考点8.They are telling a story.他们正在讲故事。 【知识详解】 本句为现在进行时，表示现在正在发生的时间或者动作，其时间状语有__________________。 tell做动词，含义为告诉。过去式为told。 固定短语：tell a story/stories 讲故事 tell sb to do sth.告诉某人去做某事 【例题讲解】 1. 我的妈妈每天晚上都会给我讲故事。 _____________________________________________ 2. 他昨天告诉我一个好故事。 _____________________________________________ 3.He tells me __________ through the city. A. walk B.to walk C.walking D.walks 考点9.Billy，it is your turn to say one sentence.Billy，轮到你说一个句子了。 【知识详解】 Say作动词，含义为说，过去式为said. 固定短语：say one sentence 说一个句子 固定短语：It is one’s turn（ to do sth.）轮到某人（做某事） 【例题讲解】 昨天轮到他打扫教室了，但是他不在。 _________________________________________________ 考点10.He is thinking hard. 他正在努力地思考着。 【知识详解】 think作动词，含义为思考，想，过去式为thought。固定短语：think hard 努力思考 【例题讲解】翻译，单选 1.Boys and girls,this is not an easy question,you have to think _____. A.hardly B.hard C.easy D.much 考点11.One day,an old man walked by the house.一个老人走路经过这座房子. 试着区分一下walk through 和walk by吧！ 【例题讲解】 1. 这个男孩经常走路经过我的房子。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. When he walked _______ the garden,he found a beautiful flower. A. through B.by C.on D.in 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$