精品解析：广东省深圳市明德实验学校集团2023-2024学年九年级上学期开学英语试题

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市明德实验学校集团 九年级（上）开学英语试卷 第一部分选择题。 Ⅰ. 完型填空。 1. 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 You stick a stamp on an envelope. And then it travels across the world to find another person. Stamps help people keep in ____1____ with their friends and families. They have ____2____ an important role in people’s lives for a long time now. People have a special day for ____3____. Oct 9 is World Post Day. Before stamps, people didn’t ____4____ for the letters they sent, but ____5____ they paid for the letters they got. The first stamp ever made is called Penny Black. It is a British stamp, made in 1840, with a picture of Queen Victoria on it. Do you know how the back of a stamp is sticky? The ____6____ stamps didn’t have sticky backs. In the past, people used paste sometimes. But ____7____ they had to pin or sew stamps onto letters! Years ago, sending letters used to be the most important way to ____8____ with other people. It seemed that everyone had stamps on hand. Although now fewer people send letters, stamp collecting is still one of the world’s most popular ____9____. There are even stamp clubs to help people find new stamps to ____10____ to their collections. Interestingly enough, the internet may have reduced the need for stamps, but it is actually offering new ways for collectors to find more stamps. 1. A. line B. time C. step D. touch 2. A. got B. played C. took D. made 3. A. stamps B. envelopes C. friends D. families 4. A. care B. pay C. look D. stand 5. A. also B. instead C. else D. ever 6. A. smallest B. youngest C. earliest D. latest 7. A. usually B. really C. specially D. surely 8. A. compete B. compare C. communicate D. complete 9. A. secrets B. causes C. games D. hobbies 10. A. get B. add C. keep D. turn Ⅱ. 阅读理解。第一节阅读下列三篇短文, 从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项。 2. （7. 5分） Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday? Yes, they do! The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people. This year the Double Ninth Festival falls on Oct 4. There are many traditions for this festival. On that day families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure diseases. Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands are used. On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people. It is a traditional virtue in China to respect elderly people. That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow. 11 The Double Ninth Festival is a celebration for ________. A. fathers B. mothers C. children D. elderly people 12 Which of the following is NOT a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival? A. Families climbing mountains together. B. Drinking chrysanthemum wine. C. Wearing the plant zhuyu. D. Cleaning houses. 13. What is Paragraph 4 about? A. Why we should respect older people. B. What young people usually do on this festival. C. Examples of respecting older people in daily life. D. Traditional ways of celebrating the festival. 14. Why are Chinese people proud of being old? A. It means they have more virtues than others. B. It means they have knowledge and experience. C. It means they don’t have to work for others. D. It means what they did in the past was meaningful. 15. In which part can we probably read this article in a newspaper? A. Entertainment. B. Travel. C. Science. D. Culture. 3. （7. 5分） Feeling hot? So is Earth. Because of problems like climate change and bad ways of farming, much of the planet’s land is drying up. What can we do to solve this problem? One thing the United Nations did was to create a holiday. In 1994, the UN started World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (世界防治荒漠化和干旱日), to let more people know about desertification. It is on June 17 every year. Desertification happens when healthy land — land full of water and nutrients (营养)— becomes desert, which is dry and unhealthy. Every year, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometers of Earth’s land is lost to desertification. In Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa’s healthy land will be lost by 2025. Desertification sometimes happens because of climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees. However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms. Growing too many plants in the same soil, in too short a time, can take away the soil’s nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert. The UN suggests some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers (肥料). Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China. Today China has 61 million hectares of reforested land — more than anywhere else in the world. 16. What is land like if desertification happens? A. It is full of water. B. It has more nutrients. C. It is dry and unhealthy. D. It is suitable to live on. 17. What do scientists predict about Africa in 2025? A. Growing plants will help Africa have more healthy land. B. Most of Africa’s healthy land will get dry and unhealthy. C. Africa will have about 50,000 square kilometers of healthy land. D. Africa will have about 20000 square kilometers of desertification. 18. Why isn’t it good to grow too many plants in the same soil? A. Because it can change the climate faster. B. Because it can change plants into bad soil. C. Because it can change healthy land into forests. D. Because it can take away the soil’s nutrients faster. 19. Which of the following does not cause desertification? A. Reforestation. B. Using land too much. C. Using poor fertilizers. D. Climate change. 20. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The causes of desertification. B. The importance of reforestation. C. The UN’s plans for improving farming. D. The UN’s suggestions for fighting desertification. 4. （7. 5分） On May 15, Zhang Rongqiao wiped tears from his eyes as China’s Mars rover (巡视器) Zhurong landed safely on Mars. “I was so excited,” said Zhang. As the chief designer (总设计师) of China’s Tianwen Ⅰ Mars mission (任务), Zhang was chosen by the journal Nature on Dec 16 as one of the top 10 people “who helped shape science” in 2021. Under Zhang, China made a huge step in interplanetary (行星向的) exploration. “I got a taste of the old Chinese saying - it takes 10 years to sharpen a good sword,” Zhang told Nature. In the Mars mission Zhang led a team of thousands of researchers. The team was not only responsible for technical work like launches and flight control, but also for scientific research on Mars. There were many difficulties. They knew little about the strange and complex environment of Mars. “We may not even know what we do not know about,” Zhang told Nature. During the process, Zhang played a key part in the decision to send an orbiter (轨道飞行器), a lander (着陆器) and a rover to Mars together in one shipment (运输) - making China the first country to do so. “That’s a big leap (飞跃) because China is doing in a single go (what NASA took decades (数十年) to do),” said Roberto Orosei from the Institute of Radioastronomy of Bologna in Italy. Zhang also made the important decision to land the rover on Utopia Planitia, where there are special landforms (地形) for scientists to study. He hopes that the mission can do as much research as possible and bring back “rich” information. “The buck stops with him (他敢作敢当),” said David Flannery, an astrobiologist (天体生物学家) at Queensland University of Technology in Australia. 21. What is included in the Mars mission? a. Launching the rover. b. Controlling the flight. c. Bringing back space junk. d. Doing scientific research. A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 22. What does Paragraph 4 show? A. Zhang and his team knew nothing about Mars. B. Zhang and his team faced many challenges. C. Zhang was confident about exploring Mars. D. Zhang and his team were not afraid of challenges. 23. What is Roberto Orosei’s opinion? A. China’s Mars mission will last for decades. B. China shortened its road to exploring Mars. C. China finished its Mars mission with NASA’s help. D. China is the first country to send a rover to Mars. 24. The rover was sent to Utopia Planitia to ________. A. avoid bad weather B. find treasure on Mars C. receive messages from Earth D. study special landforms 25. According to the story, Zhang is considered as a ________ person. A. decisive B. changeable C. selfless D. humorous 第二节请阅读全文, 并从下列方框里的六个句子选择五个句子还原到原文里, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。 5. （10分） How To Be a Better Listener When you are in a conversation with someone and paying attention to what they’re saying, that’s a sign of caring and respect. ____26____. Here are some simple things you can do to make that happen. ____27____ A good listener is attentive. They’re focused and paying attention to what the other person is saying. This is called active listening. Active listening involves listening with all your senses. You can assume that if someone keeps looking at their watch or over their shoulder, their focus isn’t on the conversation. Maintain eye contact When someone is talking, they are usually saying something they consider to be meaningful. They want all eyes on them. Eye contact is very powerful. ____28____. So make it a point the next time you’re in a conversation to maintain eye contact with the speaker. Ask questions Asking questions is one of the best ways to show you’re interested. If someone is telling you about their ski trip to Mammoth Mountain, don’t respond with, “That’s nice.” ____29____. Instead, you can ask, “How long have you been skiing?” “What was your favorite part of the trip?” The person will think more highly of you and consider you a great listener. Avoid interrupting the speaker Interrupting is a sign of disrespect. When you interrupt the speaker, they feel frustrated and unimportant. Interrupting a speaker to agree, disagree, argue, etc. also causes the speaker to lose track of what they are saying. ____30____. A. Be an active listener B. This would show a lack of interest C. So it’s important for everyone to learn how to be a better listener D. Whatever you have to say can wait until the other person is done talking E. Big, open questions encourage the speaker to continue to share F. It can convey much information without anything being said 第三节信息匹配 6. （7. 5分） 右面的材料A-F是关于六本小说的简介，请根据五位学生的爱好与需求，帮他们选出最适合阅读的书籍，在答题卡中选择填涂相应的字母。 ____31____ Betty likes reading adventurous stories. She enjoys overcoming difficulties through wisdom and teamwork. ____32____ Tracy shows great interest in animal stories. She thinks animals are human’s great helpers. ____33____ Ellie is crazy about science fiction. She is curious about how robots will be like in the future. ____34____ Henry’s grandpa passed away weeks ago. He is sad and feels confused why he has lost such a loving man. ____35____ Jimmy often feels ashamed of his looks. He doesn’t have any confidence in himself and always complains about the people around him. A. Author Hélène Schweiger tells a story of finding magic in her book The Magic Pond. The children in the book get into some supernatural (超自然的) trouble. They’ll need help to get things back to normal. B. Sally, Andrew and Robin have plenty of challenges during the adventure. Will their bravery and friendship be enough to leave the swamp(沼泽) alive? Read the book Swampfire: A Shockoe Slip Gang Adventure! C. Paula Rawsthorne, author of the novel The New Boy, talks about the possible future of AI (人工智能) and how it will relate to humans. Although AI helps us a lot, it may also become a problem. D. The Book of Boy, written by Catherine Murdock, is a great fantasy novel with rich imagery (意象). The main character, Boy, is often bullied by other kids because of his looks. The story teaches readers to see others and themselves in a new light. E. What will happen after people die? The Great Blue Yonder, by UK writer Alex Shearer, explains some of it. The book can make people think about the importance of showing love to others. F. Noodle, who has been trained to be a “world-famous Helper Dog”, is the main character in the children’s novel Noodle Helps Gabriel Say Goodbye. In the book, Noodle tells readers that “helping people is what I was born to do.” 第二部分非选择题。 Ⅲ. 语法填空。 7. （10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 About 470 pilot whales have been beached in Tasmania in Australia. This has been the ____36____ (large) whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard ____37____ (save) the whales. Every year, around 2, 000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die by ____38____ (swim) onto a beach or into water that’s too shallow for ____39____ (they) to swim away. This ____40____ (know) as “beaching”. Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales. Rescue workers are trying to “refloat” the whales so they can swim away. The job is especially challenging ____41____ the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters ____42____ (length) and can weigh up to 2, 300 kg. Since the rescued whales will return to the place again ____43____ others are still in trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don’t get beached again. Dr. Carlyon from the rescue team says the cool, wet weather has helped keep the whales ____44____ (live). About 90 whales ____45____ (die) so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days. Ⅳ. 书面表达。 46. 学校正在开展“践行核心价值观，争做向上向善好少年”主题活动，请你根据以下提示信息，用英文写一篇活动倡议书。 要点提示： (1) 在家里：①关心老人②…… (2) 在学校：①勤奋学习②…… (3) 在社会：①……②…… 参考词汇：in society在社会里；practice core values践行核心价值观； 要求： (4) 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内； (5) 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； (6) 可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚，行文连贯； (7) 标点正确，书面整洁。 Our school has been carrying out activities. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年广东省深圳市明德实验学校集团 九年级（上）开学英语试卷 第一部分选择题。 Ⅰ. 完型填空。 1. 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 You stick a stamp on an envelope. And then it travels across the world to find another person. Stamps help people keep in ____1____ with their friends and families. They have ____2____ an important role in people’s lives for a long time now. People have a special day for ____3____. Oct 9 is World Post Day. Before stamps, people didn’t ____4____ for the letters they sent, but ____5____ they paid for the letters they got. The first stamp ever made is called Penny Black. It is a British stamp, made in 1840, with a picture of Queen Victoria on it. Do you know how the back of a stamp is sticky? The ____6____ stamps didn’t have sticky backs. In the past, people used paste sometimes. But ____7____ they had to pin or sew stamps onto letters! Years ago, sending letters used to be the most important way to ____8____ with other people. It seemed that everyone had stamps on hand. Although now fewer people send letters, stamp collecting is still one of the world’s most popular ____9____. There are even stamp clubs to help people find new stamps to ____10____ to their collections. Interestingly enough, the internet may have reduced the need for stamps, but it is actually offering new ways for collectors to find more stamps. 1. A. line B. time C. step D. touch 2. A. got B. played C. took D. made 3. A. stamps B. envelopes C. friends D. families 4. A. care B. pay C. look D. stand 5. A. also B. instead C. else D. ever 6. A. smallest B. youngest C. earliest D. latest 7. A. usually B. really C. specially D. surely 8. A. compete B. compare C. communicate D. complete 9. A. secrets B. causes C. games D. hobbies 10. A. get B. add C. keep D. turn 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了邮票的发展历史。 【1题详解】 句意：邮票帮助人们与朋友和家人保持联系 line线；time时间；step步骤；touch联系。结合固定搭配短语“keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系”可知，该空填“touch”符合语境。故填D。 【2题详解】 句意：很长一段时间以来，它们在人们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。 got得到；played扮演；took拿；made制作。结合固定搭配“play an important role扮演重要的角色”可知，played符合语境。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：人们有专门的邮票日。 stamps邮票；envelopes信封；friends朋友；families家庭。结合“Stamps help people keep in...with their friends and families”可知，这里是指邮票日。故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：在邮票出现之前，人们不为他们寄出去的信付费，而是为他们收到的信付费。 care在乎；pay支付；look看起来；stand站起来。结合“they paid for the letters they got”可知，该空是付费。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：在邮票出现之前，人们不为他们寄出去的信付费，而是为他们收到的信付费。 also还有；instead然而；else其它的；ever曾经。结合“but”可知，这里表示转折。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：最早的邮票没有粘背。 smallest最小的；youngest最年轻的；earliest最早的；latest最新的。结合“The...stamps didn’t have sticky backs. In the past, people used paste sometimes.”可知，以前最早的邮票没有粘背。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：但通常他们必须把邮票钉或缝在信上! usually通常，一般；really真正地；specially特别地；surely当然。结合“In the past, people used paste sometimes. ”和“they had to pin or sew stamps onto letters!”可知，人们一般把邮票钉或缝在信上。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：多年前，寄信曾经是与他人沟通的最重要的方式。 compete竞争；compare对比；communicate交流；complete完成。结合“sending letters used to be the most important way to...with other people.”可知，这里是指与人交流。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：虽然现在写信的人越来越少，但集邮仍然是世界上最受欢迎的爱好之一。 secrets秘密；causes原因；games游戏；hobbies爱好。结合“There are even stamp clubs to help people find new stamps to... to their collections. ”可知，人们会收藏邮票，所以集邮是一种爱好。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：甚至还有邮票俱乐部帮助人们寻找新的邮票来增加他们的收藏。 get得到；add增加；keep保持；turn转动。结合固定搭配“add to sth使某物增加”和“it is actually offering new ways for collectors to find more stamps.”可知，这里是增加邮票收藏。故选B。 Ⅱ. 阅读理解。第一节阅读下列三篇短文, 从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项。 2. （7. 5分） Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday? Yes, they do! The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people. This year the Double Ninth Festival falls on Oct 4. There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure diseases. Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands are used. On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people. It is a traditional virtue in China to respect elderly people. That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow. 11. The Double Ninth Festival is a celebration for ________. A. fathers B. mothers C. children D. elderly people 12. Which of the following is NOT a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival? A. Families climbing mountains together. B. Drinking chrysanthemum wine. C. Wearing the plant zhuyu. D. Cleaning houses. 13. What is Paragraph 4 about? A. Why we should respect older people. B. What young people usually do on this festival. C Examples of respecting older people in daily life. D. Traditional ways of celebrating the festival. 14. Why are Chinese people proud of being old? A. It means they have more virtues than others. B. It means they have knowledge and experience. C. It means they don’t have to work for others. D. It means what they did in the past was meaningful. 15. In which part can we probably read this article in a newspaper? A. Entertainment. B. Travel. C. Science. D. Culture. 【答案】11. D 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文要介绍了中国的重阳节，这是一个专门为老年人设立的节日，以展示人们对老年人长寿的祝愿。文章指出尊重老年人是中国的传统美德，因为老年人有年轻人可以学习的知识和经验，尊重老人就是尊重未来的自己。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China.”可知，重阳节是老年人的节日。故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it.”可知，在重阳节人们和家人一起爬山，喝菊花酒，佩戴植物茱萸，没有打扫房子。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life.”可知，本段主要讲了在日常生活中尊重老年人的例子。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from.”可知，中国人以年老为荣是因为老年人有知识和经验。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了重阳节的意义，是关于文化的。故选D。 3. （7. 5分） Feeling hot? So is Earth. Because of problems like climate change and bad ways of farming, much of the planet’s land is drying up. What can we do to solve this problem? One thing the United Nations did was to create a holiday. In 1994, the UN started World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (世界防治荒漠化和干旱日), to let more people know about desertification. It is on June 17 every year. Desertification happens when healthy land — land full of water and nutrients (营养)— becomes desert, which is dry and unhealthy. Every year, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometers of Earth’s land is lost to desertification. In Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa’s healthy land will be lost by 2025. Desertification sometimes happens because of climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees. However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms. Growing too many plants in the same soil, in too short a time, can take away the soil’s nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert. The UN suggests some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers (肥料). Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China. Today China has 61 million hectares of reforested land — more than anywhere else in the world. 16. What is land like if desertification happens? A. It is full of water. B. It has more nutrients. C. It is dry and unhealthy. D. It is suitable to live on. 17. What do scientists predict about Africa in 2025? A. Growing plants will help Africa have more healthy land. B. Most of Africa’s healthy land will get dry and unhealthy. C. Africa will have about 50,000 square kilometers of healthy land. D. Africa will have about 20,000 square kilometers of desertification. 18. Why isn’t it good to grow too many plants in the same soil? A. Because it can change the climate faster. B. Because it can change plants into bad soil. C. Because it can change healthy land into forests. D. Because it can take away the soil’s nutrients faster. 19. Which of the following does not cause desertification? A. Reforestation. B. Using land too much. C. Using poor fertilizers. D. Climate change. 20. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The causes of desertification. B. The importance of reforestation. C. The UN’s plans for improving farming. D. The UN’s suggestions for fighting desertification. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述的是地球大部分的土地干涸的原因，及如何做防止土地的沙漠化。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Desertification happens when healthy land — land full of water and nutrients— becomes desert, which is dry and unhealthy. ”可知，土地是干燥和不健康的。故选C。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“in Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa’s healthy land will be lost by 2025.”可知，非洲三分之二的健康土地将会消失。故选B。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Growing too many plants in the same soil, in too short a time, can take away the soil’s nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert.”可知是因为它可以更快地带走土壤的养分。故选D。 19题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers. Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China.”可知联合国建议采取一些不同的行动来阻止沙漠化，包括使用更好的肥料，这意味着种植更多的树。故选A。 【20题详解】 段落大意题。根据最后一段“The UN suggests some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers. Another is reforestation which means planting more trees.”一个是教人们更好的耕作方法。另一个是重新造林。可知最后一段主要讲的是联合国防治荒漠化的建议。故选D。 4. （7. 5分） On May 15, Zhang Rongqiao wiped tears from his eyes as China’s Mars rover (巡视器) Zhurong landed safely on Mars. “I was so excited,” said Zhang. As the chief designer (总设计师) of China’s Tianwen Ⅰ Mars mission (任务), Zhang was chosen by the journal Nature on Dec 16 as one of the top 10 people “who helped shape science” in 2021. Under Zhang, China made a huge step in interplanetary (行星向的) exploration. “I got a taste of the old Chinese saying - it takes 10 years to sharpen a good sword,” Zhang told Nature. In the Mars mission, Zhang led a team of thousands of researchers. The team was not only responsible for technical work like launches and flight control, but also for scientific research on Mars. There were many difficulties. They knew little about the strange and complex environment of Mars. “We may not even know what we do not know about,” Zhang told Nature. During the process, Zhang played a key part in the decision to send an orbiter (轨道飞行器), a lander (着陆器) and a rover to Mars together in one shipment (运输) - making China the first country to do so. “That’s a big leap (飞跃) because China is doing in a single go (what NASA took decades (数十年) to do),” said Roberto Orosei from the Institute of Radioastronomy of Bologna in Italy. Zhang also made the important decision to land the rover on Utopia Planitia, where there are special landforms (地形) for scientists to study. He hopes that the mission can do as much research as possible and bring back “rich” information. “The buck stops with him (他敢作敢当),” said David Flannery, an astrobiologist (天体生物学家) at Queensland University of Technology in Australia. 21. What is included in the Mars mission? a. Launching the rover. b. Controlling the flight. c. Bringing back space junk. d. Doing scientific research. A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bcd 22. What does Paragraph 4 show? A. Zhang and his team knew nothing about Mars. B. Zhang and his team faced many challenges. C. Zhang was confident about exploring Mars. D. Zhang and his team were not afraid of challenges. 23 What is Roberto Orosei’s opinion? A. China’s Mars mission will last for decades. B. China shortened its road to exploring Mars. C. China finished its Mars mission with NASA’s help. D. China is the first country to send a rover to Mars. 24. The rover was sent to Utopia Planitia to ________. A. avoid bad weather B. find treasure on Mars C. receive messages from Earth D. study special landforms 25. According to the story, Zhang is considered as a ________ person. A. decisive B. changeable C. selfless D. humorous 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国首次火星探测任务的总设计师张荣桥和他的团队对火星进行探索的事情。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The team was not only responsible for technical work like launches and flight control, but also for scientific research on Mars.”可知，火星任务包括负责发射和飞行控制等技术工作，还负责火星上的科学研究。因此a、b、d选项均符合题意，故选B。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“There were many difficulties. They knew little about the strange and complex environment of Mars.”可推知本段主要介绍张和他的团队面临着许多挑战，故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据““That’s a big leap (飞跃) because China is doing in a single go (what NASA took decades (数十年) to do),” said Roberto Orosei from the Institute of Radioastronomy of Bologna in Italy.”意大利博洛尼亚射电天文研究所的罗伯托·奥罗塞说:“这是一个巨大的飞跃，因为中国是在一蹴而就(美国宇航局花了几十年才做到的事情)。” 可知中国缩短了探索火星的道路，故选B。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Zhang also made the important decision to land the rover on Utopia Planitia, where there are special landforms (地形) for scientists to study.”可知，该探测器被送往乌托邦平原研究特殊地形，故选D。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Zhang also made the important decision to land the rover on Utopia Planitia, where there are special landforms (地形) for scientists to study.”以及“The buck stops with him,”可知他做出了许多关键性的重要决定，还是一个敢作敢当的人，因此A选项“果断的、决定性的”符合题意，故选A。 第二节请阅读全文, 并从下列方框里的六个句子选择五个句子还原到原文里, 使原文的意思完整、连贯。 5. （10分） How To Be a Better Listener When you are in a conversation with someone and paying attention to what they’re saying, that’s a sign of caring and respect. ____26____. Here are some simple things you can do to make that happen. ____27____ A good listener is attentive. They’re focused and paying attention to what the other person is saying. This is called active listening. Active listening involves listening with all your senses. You can assume that if someone keeps looking at their watch or over their shoulder, their focus isn’t on the conversation. Maintain eye contact When someone is talking, they are usually saying something they consider to be meaningful. They want all eyes on them. Eye contact is very powerful. ____28____. So make it a point the next time you’re in a conversation to maintain eye contact with the speaker. Ask questions Asking questions is one of the best ways to show you’re interested. If someone is telling you about their ski trip to Mammoth Mountain, don’t respond with, “That’s nice.” ____29____. Instead, you can ask, “How long have you been skiing?” “What was your favorite part of the trip?” The person will think more highly of you and consider you a great listener. Avoid interrupting the speaker Interrupting is a sign of disrespect. When you interrupt the speaker, they feel frustrated and unimportant. Interrupting a speaker to agree, disagree, argue, etc. also causes the speaker to lose track of what they are saying. ____30____. A. Be an active listener B. This would show a lack of interest C. So it’s important for everyone to learn how to be a better listener D. Whatever you have to say can wait until the other person is done talking E. Big, open questions encourage the speaker to continue to share F. It can convey much information without anything being said 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. F 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一个更好的倾听者。 【26题详解】 根据上文“When you are in a conversation with someone and paying attention…”及后文“Here are some simple things you can do to make that happen.”可知，此处在谈论与某人交谈时应有的表现，选项C“因此，学习如何成为一个更好的倾听者对每个人来说都很重要。”与之对应。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据下文“A good listener is attentive…”可知，此句应总结下一段的大概内容，下一段主要介绍了好的倾听者是什么样的，选项A“做一个积极的倾听者。”与之对应。故选A。 【28题详解】 根据上文“They want all eyes on them. Eye contact is very powerful.”可知，此句在谈论眼神交流的重要性，选项F“不用说什么就能传达很多信息。”与之对应。故选F。 29题详解】 根据上文“If someone is telling you about their ski trip to Mammoth Mountain, don’t respond with, ‘that’s nice.’”可知， 如果有人告诉你他们的猛犸山滑雪之旅，不要回答那很好，选项B“这样会显得你不感兴趣。”与之对应。故选B。 【30题详解】 根据上文“When you interrupt the speaker, they feel frustrated and unimportant. Interrupting a speaker to agree, disagree, argue, etc. also causes the speaker to lose track of what they are saying.”可知，当你打断演讲者时，会导致说话者忘记自己在说什么，选项D“不管你要说什么，都可以等到对方说完再说。”与之对应。故选D。 第三节信息匹配 6. （7. 5分） 右面的材料A-F是关于六本小说的简介，请根据五位学生的爱好与需求，帮他们选出最适合阅读的书籍，在答题卡中选择填涂相应的字母。 ____31____ Betty likes reading adventurous stories. She enjoys overcoming difficulties through wisdom and teamwork. ____32____ Tracy shows great interest in animal stories. She thinks animals are human’s great helpers. ____33____ Ellie is crazy about science fiction. She is curious about how robots will be like in the future. ____34____ Henry’s grandpa passed away weeks ago. He is sad and feels confused why he has lost such a loving man. ____35____ Jimmy often feels ashamed of his looks. He doesn’t have any confidence in himself and always complains about the people around him. A. Author Hélène Schweiger tells a story of finding magic in her book The Magic Pond. The children in the book get into some supernatural (超自然的) trouble. They’ll need help to get things back to normal. B. Sally, Andrew and Robin have plenty of challenges during the adventure. Will their bravery and friendship be enough to leave the swamp(沼泽) alive? Read the book Swampfire: A Shockoe Slip Gang Adventure! C. Paula Rawsthorne, author of the novel The New Boy, talks about the possible future of AI (人工智能) and how it will relate to humans. Although AI helps us a lot, it may also become a problem. D. The Book of Boy, written by Catherine Murdock, is a great fantasy novel with rich imagery (意象). The main character, Boy, is often bullied by other kids because of his looks. The story teaches readers to see others and themselves in a new light. E. What will happen after people die? The Great Blue Yonder, by UK writer Alex Shearer, explains some of it. The book can make people think about the importance of showing love to others. F. Noodle, who has been trained to be a “world-famous Helper Dog”, is the main character in the children’s novel Noodle Helps Gabriel Say Goodbye. In the book, Noodle tells readers that “helping people is what I was born to do.” 【答案】31. B 32. F 33. C 34. E 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了几本小说的简介以及适读对象。 【31题详解】 根据“Betty likes reading adventurous stories”，可知历险类书籍适合贝蒂，选项B“莎莉，安德鲁和罗宾在冒险中有很多挑战……读读《沼泽之火：一场惊心动魄的黑帮冒险》这本书吧”符合语境，故选B。 【32题详解】 根据“Tracy shows great interest in animal stories. She thinks animals are human’s great helpers”，可知动物类书籍适合特蕾西，选项F“Noodle是儿童小说《Noodle帮加布里埃尔告别》的主角，Noodle已被培养成“世界闻名的助手狗”。在书中，Noodle告诉读者，“帮助别人是我与生俱来的使命”符合语境，故选F。 【33题详解】 根据“Ellie is crazy about science fiction. She is curious about how robots will be like in the future”，可知埃莉需要和人工智能有关的科幻小说，选项C“小说《新男孩》的作者C·葆拉·罗索恩谈到了人工智能可能的未来，以及它将如何与人类联系在一起”符合语境，故选C。 【34题详解】 根据“Henry’s grandpa passed away weeks ago. He is sad and feels confused why he has lost such a loving man”，可知亨利需要能够解释人死后事情的书籍，选项E“人死后会发生什么？英国作家亚历克斯·希勒的《蓝色的彼岸》对此进行了一些解释。这本书可以让人们思考向别人表达爱的重要性”符合语境，故选E。 【35题详解】 根据“Jimmy often feels ashamed of his looks. He doesn’t have any confidence in himself and always complains about the people around him”，可知吉米要剖析自我，正确看待自己的书籍，选项D“凯瑟琳·默多克的《男孩的书》是一部伟大的幻想小说，意象丰富。主角，男孩，经常被其他孩子欺负，因为他的长相。这个故事教会读者用新的眼光看待他人和自己”符合语境，故选D。 第二部分非选择题。 Ⅲ. 语法填空。 7. （10分） 阅读下面短文, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 About 470 pilot whales have been beached in Tasmania in Australia. This has been the ____36____ (large) whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard ____37____ (save) the whales. Every year, around 2, 000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die by ____38____ (swim) onto a beach or into water that’s too shallow for ____39____ (they) to swim away. This ____40____ (know) as “beaching”. Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales. Rescue workers are trying to “refloat” the whales so they can swim away. The job is especially challenging ____41____ the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters ____42____ (length) and can weigh up to 2, 300 kg. Since the rescued whales will return to the place again ____43____ others are still in trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don’t get beached again. Dr. Carlyon from the rescue team says the cool, wet weather has helped keep the whales ____44____ (live). About 90 whales ____45____ (die) so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days. 【答案】36. largest 37. to save 38. swimming 39. them 40. is known 41. because 42. long 43. where 44. alive 45. have died 【解析】 【导语】文章主要描述了在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚发生的大规模鲸鱼搁浅事件，这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚最大的一次鲸鱼搁浅事件。约有470头领航鲸搁浅，人们正在努力营救这些鲸鱼。救援工作人员正在尝试让这些鲸鱼重新回到海中，并确保被救援的鲸鱼不再搁浅。 【36题详解】 句意：这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚岛最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件。结合“the+最高级” 可知，该空要填“large巨大的”形容词最高级“largest最大的”，作定语。故填largest。 【37题详解】 句意：人们正在努力拯救鲸鱼。结合“People are working hard”可知，这里要填“save挽救”的不定式“to save去拯救”，作目的状语。故填to save。 【38题详解】 句意：每年，大约有2000只大型海洋动物，比如海豚和鲸鱼，因为游到沙滩上或者游到太浅而无法游走的水里而死亡。结合“by”是介词，后面要加动名词，所以该空要填“swim游泳”的动名词“swimming游泳”，作宾语。故填swimming。 【39题详解】 句意：每年，大约有2000只大型海洋动物，比如海豚和鲸鱼，因为游到沙滩上或者游到太浅而无法游走的水里而死亡。结合“for”是介词，后面加代词宾格，所以该空要填“they他们”的宾格“them他们”。故填them。 【40题详解】 句意：这就是所谓的“搁浅”。结合固定短语“be known as作为……而著名”，而结合上下句可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“this”是第三人称单数，所以要用“is”，故填is known。 【41题详解】 句意：这项工作尤其具有挑战性，因为鲸鱼太大了。由于上下两句是因果关系，该空接原因状语从句。 故填because。 【42题详解】 句意：巨头鲸可以长到7米长，重达2300公斤。结合“7 meters”可知，该空要填提示词“length长度”的形容词“long长”。故填long。 【43题详解】 句意：由于获救的鲸鱼将再次回到其他鲸鱼仍处于困境的地方，工作人员正试图确保获救的鲸鱼不会再次搁浅。结合“the place”是定语从句的先行词，而“others are still in trouble”是一个定语从句，从句中缺乏一个地点状语，所以用关系副词“where”引导定语从句。故填where。 【44题详解】 句意：救援队的Carlyon博士说凉爽潮湿的天气有助于鲸鱼存活。结合固定搭配“keep sth +adj保持……怎么样”，所以该空要填“live生活”的形容词“alive活着的”，作补语。故填alive。 【45题详解】 句意：到目前为止，大约有90头鲸鱼已经死亡了。结合“so far”可知，该句时态是现在完成时，其结构为“has/have+done”，主语“whales”是复数名词，所以要用“have+done”，而提示词“die死”的过去分词是“died”。故填have died。 Ⅳ. 书面表达。 46. 学校正在开展“践行核心价值观，争做向上向善好少年”主题活动，请你根据以下提示信息，用英文写一篇活动倡议书。 要点提示： (1) 在家里：①关心老人②…… (2) 在学校：①勤奋学习②…… (3) 在社会：①……②…… 参考词汇：in society在社会里；practice core values践行核心价值观； 要求： (4) 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内； (5) 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； (6) 可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚，行文连贯； (7) 标点正确，书面整洁。 Our school has been carrying out activities. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Our school has been carrying out activities. As a student, what should we do in our daily life? First, we should behave well at home. We should offer to help our parents do housework, such as sweeping the floor, washing the clothes, cooking dinner and so on. Also, we should spend more time communicating with our parents and try our best to understand them. Second, at school, we should respect our teachers and get on well with our classmates. We should also study hard and take an active part in all kinds of useful outdoor activities. Finally, in society, we must obey the traffic rules. For example, we must walk on walk-side. When we cross zebra-crossing, stop and look right and left, then go across the road fast. Don’t throw litter everywhere. Let’s take action and call on more people to join us. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点应注意题干给出的“践行核心价值观，争做向上向善好少年”并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，借用文章已给开头，引出主题并介绍如何做好少年； 第二步，根据题干要求，详细描述在家里，在学校以及在社会应该如何做； 第三步，号召大家加入到行动中来，并收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①do housework做家务 ②take an active part in积极参与 [高分句型] ①When we cross zebra-crossing, stop and look right and left, then go across the road fast.（时间状语从句） ②Don’t throw litter everywhere.（祈使句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$