2024年中考英语冠词词性课件

关于初中英语冠词 现在学习的是第1页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an A boy was waiting for you. 1、泛指一个人或事物，但不具体说明何人或何物。 现在学习的是第2页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an once a week three times a day 2.表示“每一”的意思，表示频 率。 现在学习的是第3页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早晨 3.月份、星期及morning、 afternoon、evening、night等名词 前有修饰词时，一律用a/an 现在学习的是第4页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an What a cold day it is! What an interesting book it is! 4、用于what引导的感叹句中 现在学习的是第5页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an quiet a good man a very beautiful girl 5、such / quiet a 或an 形+名 a very 形 +名 现在学习的是第6页，共38页 不定冠词a 、an An elephant is much heavier than a horse. 6、泛指某一类人或事物。 现在学习的是第7页，共38页 7、用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 I have read the books twice, but I want to read a third time. 现在学习的是第8页，共38页 8、a / an 的区别 a 用在辅音音素开头的单数可 数名词或字母前，an 用在元音音 素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。 现在学习的是第9页，共38页 元音音素:/a:/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /u/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ə:/ /i/ /i:/ 现在学习的是第10页，共38页 a usual boy ; 一个普通的男孩 a useful book ; 一本有用的书 a university ; 一所大学 a one –leg dog 一直一条腿的狗 an honest boy ; 一个诚实的男孩 an hour ; 一个小时 an “a,e,i,o,f,h,l ,m ,n ,r,s ,x ” 现在学习的是第11页，共38页 a few 几个 a little; 一点儿 have a cold 感冒 Have a try 试一试 in a hurry 赶快 have a good time 玩得开心 have a rest 休息 half an hour 半小时 现在学习的是第12页，共38页 1.I have ___ apple. He has ______ orange . 2.This is ___ egg. 3.Jim is ___honest boy and he is ___university student . 4.Do you have ___ computer ? 5.There is ___ car in front of the house. an an an a a an a 现在学习的是第13页，共38页 6.English is ___ useful language. 7. He is ___ unhappy boy. 8.My father will come back in __ hour . 9.There is ___ beautiful flower. 10.There is ___ “u” and __ “s” in the word “use” 11.Please take ___ seat and have ___ rest a a a an an a an a 现在学习的是第14页，共38页 定冠词 the的用法 1. 第二次提到 This is an apple.The apple is mine. 现在学习的是第15页，共38页 2.特指 3.用在独一无二的名词前 The boy in red is my brother. the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 现在学习的是第16页，共38页 4. 用在最高级前 the youngest the most beautiful 5. 用在序数词前 the first the second the third the fourth 现在学习的是第17页，共38页 6. 弹奏乐器时，在乐器前用定冠词the。 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the +乐器 现在学习的是第18页，共38页 7. The +姓的复数 表示一家人 The Smiths 史密斯一家人 the Greens 格林一家人 现在学习的是第19页，共38页 8. The +形容词， 表示一类人 the poor 穷人 the old 老人 the young 年青人 现在学习的是第20页，共38页 in the south on the right 9. 用在方位名词前 现在学习的是第21页，共38页 特指双熟悉 上文已提及 世上独无二 序数最高级 某些专有名 习语和乐器 现在学习的是第22页，共38页 in the morning/afternoon/evening in the end 最后；终于 by the way 顺便问一下 at the moment 此时 in the middle of 在…中间 the next day 第二天 the day after tomorrow 后天 现在学习的是第23页，共38页 the day before yesterday 前天 at the age of… 在几岁时 on the right / left 在右边 / 左边 现在学习的是第24页，共38页 ____ earth goes round ____ sun. Jim is ___ tallest and ___ most Interesting. 3. ___man over there is my teacher. 4. There is ___ orange on the table. ___ orange is mine. 5.I live on ____ twelfth floor. The the the the The an The the 现在学习的是第25页，共38页 6.____ Great Wall is ____oldest building. 7.I have ___aunt. ___ aunt is ____ doctor. 8.In this exam,he is ___ second. 9.Jim is ___ boy . He is ___ American boy. 10.___Yellow River is one of ___ longest rivers. The the an The the a an The the a 现在学习的是第26页，共38页 11.Beijing is in ___ north of China the 现在学习的是第27页，共38页 零冠词（不用冠词） 1.在专有名词(国名，城市名)前不用冠词。 2.在球类运动，棋类和学科名词前不用冠词。 Beijing is a beautiful city. Mr zhang likes playing football and chess. 现在学习的是第28页，共38页 3.在季节、节日、星期、月份、和三餐饭前不用冠词。 但中国的传统节日前一般加“the” Today is Children’s Day.All the students have lunch at school. The Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 The Spring Festival 春节 现在学习的是第29页，共38页 4.名词前有“this , that , those , these , my ,your ,some ”等词修饰时不用冠词。 This is my Chinese book . 现在学习的是第30页，共38页 at first at last 首先 最后 at noon at home 在中午 在家 on foot in bed 步行 躺在床上 in hospital go to school 住院 上学 现在学习的是第31页，共38页 1.Do you like playing ___ soccer ? 2.I usually have ___ milk for ____breakfast 3.We will go to the park on ___ Monday . 4.My uncle lives in _____America now . / / / / / 现在学习的是第32页，共38页 5.Leaves turn yellow in _____ autumn. 6.We can go swimming on __Sunday in __summer. 7.March 8th is ____ Women’s Day. 8.His father is ill in ___ hospital. / / / / / 现在学习的是第33页，共38页 1.This is ___ orange , ____ orange is orange 2.English is __useful language. 3.My brother is ___usual boy but ___ honest boy. 4. He is holding umbrella. man in red is his father.He’s at __ dinner an the an a an / The 现在学习的是第34页，共38页 6.Who is ___ strongest and ___ most friendly? 7. girl over there is___ university student. 8.I have ___ cat. cat’s name is Mimi. 9.Monday is __ second day of a week. the the The a a The the 现在学习的是第35页，共38页 10. sun is bigger than moon. 11.I like playing __ basketball and ___ piano. 12.He was born in ___May. 13.I saw ___ old man pass by and ___old man looked sad. The the / the / an the 现在学习的是第36页，共38页 in front of 在…前面（外部） in the front of 在…前面(内部) in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院里 on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球 现在学习的是第37页，共38页 三.英语句子成分 英语句子成分有主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、 宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute) 和状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)等。 （一）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于 句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时） 和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的 形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. We often speak English in class. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （名词） （代词） （不定式） It is necessary to master a foreign language. Smoking does harm to the health. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. There is a super market around the street corner. With the bell ringing, in came our teacher. (二)谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和 状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。 The sun rises in the east. He practices running every morning. You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. The delegation is to visit a few western countries. （动名词） （主语从句） （三）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态， 它一般位于系动词（如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 Our teacher of English is an American. The new expensive bicycle is mine.   The weather has turned cold.   The speech is exciting. Our teacher was satisfied with my work. Three times seven is twenty one?   His job is to teach English. His hobby is playing football. The machine must be out of order. Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad. （名词） （代词） （形容词） （现在分词） （过去分词短语） （数词） （不定式短语） （动名词短语） （介词短语） （副词） （表语从句） （四）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于 及物动词和介词后面。例如：  They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.  The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.  How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.  He pretended not to see me. The old woman didn’t know what to do. I enjoy listening to popular music.  He is used to working at night. I think（that）he is fit for his office. 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）， 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物， 指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 Lend me your dictionary, please. （2）复合宾语 They elected him their monitor. （名词） （代词） （数词） （不定式短语） （不定式短语） （动名词短语） （宾语从句） （动名词短语） （五）宾语补足语： 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个 直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补助语，对宾语的动作、 状态、身份、特征等内容进行补充说明,才能使句子的 意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、 分词(短语)、介词短语和从句充当。例如： We elected him our monitor. They painted their boat white. Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. We saw her entering the room. When I came back to my hometown, I found it greatly changed. We found everything in the lab in good order. We will soon make our city what your city is now. （名词） （形容词） （副词） （不定式短语） （现在分词短语） （过去分词短语） （介词短语） （宾语从句） （六）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为 定语。定语可由以下列词、短语、句子表示：  Guilin is a beautiful city.  China is a developing country; America is a developed country.  There are thirty women teachers is our school.  His rapid progress in English made us surprised.  Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.  The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.  He is reading an article about how to learn English. Thank you for the help which you have given me. （形容词） （现在/过去分词） （名词） （代词） （不定式短语） （动名词） （介词短语） 定语从句 （七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明 动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式 表示：  Light travels most quickly.  He has lived in the city for ten years.  He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.  He is in the room making a model plane.  Given more time, we’ll do much better.  Once you begin, you must continue.  状语种类：  How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）  Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）  I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）  Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语） （副词） （介词短语） （不定式短语） （现在分词短语） （过去分词短语） （状语从句）  She put the eggs into the basket with great care. （方式状语）  She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）  In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. （目的状语）  He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）  She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）  I am taller than he is.（比较状语） 四.词类和句子成分的关系 在句子里，一定的词类（短语）可以充当一定的句 子成分；反过来说，一定的句子成分要由一定的词 类（短语）来担任。 阅读并划分下列句子成分： 1. The teacher’s decision made John happy. 2. He did the work yesterday, but he did not finish it. 3. The dishes taste delicious. 4. Work and play are both necessary to health. 5. The horse is a useful animal. 6. You must remember to tell him all that. 7. I finished my homework just now. 8. A wood fire was burning on the hearth, and a dog was sleeping in front of it. 9. I found a note on my car this morning. 10. The stream wound its way across the field. 阅读下面短文并指出划线部分的句子成分： 1. Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demanding for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of. 2. In the second half of each year, many powerful storms are born in the tropic Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, only about half a dozen becomes the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are called hurricane, and several usually make their way to the coast. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and bring death to large numbers of people. 语法填空: (2009年广东省高考英语试题）     阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯 的要求, 在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语 的正确形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40 的相应位置上。 Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 31__ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy 32_________ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 33___ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 34______ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter 35______ some it to please a pushed where attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 36_______ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 37__ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 38____. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already 39___ table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 39____________ (inform). choice on him at was informed 语法填空：(2008年广东省高考英语试题） Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. 1________ these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 2_______ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty（960-1279）was very anxious to help 3____ rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 4_______ day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea 5______ he would pluck up all his crop a few inches . He did so the next day. Behind/ In to help his this/it that He was very tired 6_____ doing this for a whole day, 7______ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 8______ (high). His son heard about this, and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 9________ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10_______(result) in the contrary to our intention. after but higher natural results 感谢大家观看 8/16/2024 现在学习的是第38页，共38页 $$