Unit 1 People of Achievement 词汇用法与单句练习 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value. — Albert Einstein 努力不是为了功成名就，而是为了成为有价值的人。 ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 part 1 1.crucial 关键的 ---crucially 关键地 2.vital adj 必不可少的---vitally adv 生死攸关地 3.commit v. 承诺；保证---committed adj 坚定的；坚信的---commitment n 忠诚；献身 4.objective adj. 客观的； n 目标---object n 物体；目标；v 反对---objection n 反对 object to (doing) sth反对(做)某事---subjective adj.主观的 5.evaluate vt.评价，评估--evaluation n. 评估，评价 6.distinct adj 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的--- distinctly adv.清楚地；明显地---distinction n 区别；差别---distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；有特色的 派生词总结 7.obtain vt 赢得；获得；vi 规章、习俗的存在---obtainable adj 可得到的 8.acknowledge vt 承认；公开感谢---acknowledged adj 公认的---acknowledgement n 承认；感谢 9.defeat vt 击败；战胜； n 挫败---defeated adj 被击败的；受挫的 10.analyse vt 分析---analyst n 分析者---analysis n 分析；化验分析；心理分析 11.insist v 坚持；坚决要求---insistence n 坚决要求；坚持主张---insistent adj 坚持的；坚决要求的 12.scientific adj 科学的；关于科学的---science n 科学---scientist n 科学家--- scientifically adv.合乎科学地 派生词总结 1.botanical adj.植物学的---botanically adv.植物学地---botany n.植物学---botanist n.植物学家 2.academy n. 研究院；学会；专科院校---academic adj. 学业的；学术的---academically adv.学术上 派生词总结 1.crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 ①be crucial to/for对.....至关重要 ②a crucial factor/issue/decision 关键性的因素/问题/决 ③It is crucial to do.. 做......是至关重要的。 ④It is crucial that....(should)do...是至关重要的 同义词：important; significant; vital; essential(本质的，必不可少的，极其重要的) ①The early learning is crucial to/for a child's educational development. 早期学习对孩子的教育发展至关重要。 ②It is crucial that all students (should)develop these basic skills. 所有学生都要提高这些基本技能，这是极其重要的。 词汇用法与例题 ①What's worse,some drivers do not think that it is vital to obey traffic rules. 更糟糕的是，一些司机认为遵守交通规则并不重要。 ②It is vital that we (should) be in a good state of mind in the face of failure. 面对失败，我们要有良好的心态，这很重要 2.vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 ①be of vital importance至关重要 ②be vital to/for对......至关重要 ③It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 ④It is vital that...(should)do..至关重要的是...(应该)做 词汇用法与例题 ①Mr Li is a committed teacher who is very popular among students. ②Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.  ③ The National Model Worker was awarded to Yuan Longping for his commitment and contribution to Chinese agriculture. 3.committed adj.尽心尽力的，坚定的，坚信的 ①be committed to(doing) sth. 尽力做某事;致力于做某事【=be devoted to doing 】 commit：v. 承诺；保证；忠于；全身心的投入；犯错误；花(钱或时间)①commit an error/a mistake犯错 ②commit a crime 犯罪 ③commit sb./oneself to(doing)sth. 承诺某人(做)某事 ④commit sth.to sth.把某物投入某事上⑤commit to sb./sth. 忠于某人/某事 ⑥commit an hour to reading English花一小时读英语commitment: 投入，奉献，承诺 ①make a commitment to do/doing sth. 保证/承诺做某事②carry out one’s commitment 履行某人的承诺③make a commitment to sb./sth. 对某人/某物作出承诺 呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖新闻报道。 全国劳动模范 award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb. (for原因) 4.objective n.目标；目的 adj.客观的 (1) n.目标；目的 ① with the objective of...以...为目标 ②set an objective制定目标 同义词: target;goal;aim;purpose (2)adj.客观的 ①an objective assessment客观评价 ②objective description客观描述 ①a subjective impression主观印象 ② a subjective judgement/opinion 主观判断/观点 ①The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. 大多数演讲的目的是使听众受益。 ②Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives. 另一种设定实际目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标。 ③ An outsider can give a more objective assessment than a friend. 外人可以给出比朋友更客观的评价。 5.obtain vt.(尤指经努力) 获得；赢得vi.(规章、习俗等) 存在；流行 ①obtain. . . from/out of/through. . . 从……中得到……②obtain one's permission得到某人许可 ③get/obtain admission to 获准进入/加入 ④obtain employment就业，找到工作 ⑤obtain information获得信息 ①Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. 科学家们获得了更多的证据，证明塑料正在进入人体。 un.证据 6.distinct adj.清晰的，清楚的，有区别的 ①be distinct from与.....截然不同 ②It is distinct that...很明显...... distinction: [C] 差别，区别；[U]区分，辨别，优秀 ①make a distinction 区分开来；区别对待 ② make no distinction没有区别 ③distinction between...and.. ......和......之间的差别 ④a singer/writer of distinction 一名杰出的歌手/作家 ①I distinctly (distinct) heard someone calling me. 我清楚地听到有人在叫我。 ②The two flowers are quite distinct from one another,so it is easy to make a distinction (distinct)between them. 两种花很不相同，所以很容易把它们区分开来。 distinction distinction 7.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 ①acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事②acknowledge sb/sth to be..../as...承认某人/某物是……③acknowledge that...承认……④it’s generally/universally/widely acknowledged that...人们公认……⑤in acknowledgement of sth 对某事表示感谢 ①He is acknowledged as one of the greatest pianists. 他被认为是最杰出的钢琴家之一 ②It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results. 人们普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。 I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement of my contribution. 我收到一本赠刊，表示对我投稿的谢意。 He acknowledged my greeting with a nod. 他点头答谢我的问候 acknowledge ...with用....（表达）感谢 8.defeat n.失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜； 使(计划、希望等)落空；使受挫 n.失败；挫败 ①acknowledge/admit/accept/face defeat承认失败/认输/接受失败/面临失败 ②a narrow/heavy defeat惜败/惨败 vt.击败；战胜； 使(计划、希望等)落空；使受挫 ①defeat the enemy击败敌人 ②defeat all the competitors 击败所有的竞争对手 ①Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment,we were defeated 作为新队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但让我失望的是，我们被打败了。 ①Apparently,blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgment. 显然，盲目地听从别人的建议会影响我们自己的判断。 ②It was apparent from her face that she was really miserable. 从面容上明显可以看出她非常痛苦。 9. apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 apparent adj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的 ①an apparent reason明显的原因 ②It is apparent that..显而易见的是..... ③It is apparent from sth. that.. 某事表明...... ④It is apparent to sb.that...某人明白.... advise v. advice Un. 10.insist vi. &Vt.坚持； 坚决要求 ①insist on/upon( doing). 坚决要求(做)..... ②坚决要求 (从句用虚拟语气)_______________________ 坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气):_________________ ①My mom insists on us eating healthy food rather than junk food. 我妈妈坚持要我们吃健康的食品而不是垃圾食品。 ②The doctor insisted that my mother (should) stay at home for at least three months.医生坚持要求我母亲至少在家休息三个月。 ③Alice insisted that she had done nothing wrong in playing the joke. 艾丽丝坚持说她开玩笑并没有什么错。 insist (that) + (should) do insist (that) 11.boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾； 煮开；烧开vi.大怒n.沸腾；沸点 ①boil with anger 怒火中烧，非常愤怒 ②A watched pot never boils. 心急吃不了热豆腐。 ③boiled water烧开的水(可指凉开水) ④boiling water 沸腾的水 12.academy n. (艺术，文学，科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 academy n. 研究院；学会；专科院校---academic adj. 学业的；学术的---academically adv.学术上 The author has settled for a more academic (academy)approach 那位作者已确定采用更为学术的方法。 part 2 1. conclude vt.断定;推断出→conclusion n.结论;推论→conclusive adj.结论性 的;毋庸置疑的 2. novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的;珍奇的→novelist n.小说家 3. found vt.创建;建立→foundation n.创建;基金会→founder n.创建者;创始人 4. infer vt.推断;推定→inference n. 推断;推论 5. politician n.从政者;政治家;政客→politics n.政治→political adj.与政治有 关的→policy n.政策 6. numerous adj.众多的;许多的→numerously adv.无数地【词根是number】7. theory n.理论;学说→theoretical adj.理论的;假设的 派生词总结 8. relate v.叙述;有关联→relativity n.相对论;相对性→relation n.联系 →relative adj.相对的n.亲戚→relatively adv.相当地;相对地 9. gentle adj.温柔的→gently adv.温柔地→gentleness n.温柔 10. passion n.酷爱;激情→passionate adj.有激情的→passionately adv.激情地 11. extraordinary adj.非凡的;意想不到的→extraordinarily adv. 非常;格外地 12. gradual adj.逐渐的;平缓的→gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地 13. consequence n.结果;后果→consequent adj.随之发生的→consequently adv.结果;因此;所以 派生词总结 14. professor n.教授→profession n.职业;行业→professional adj.职业的n.专业 人士 15. mourn v.哀悼;忧伤→mourner n.哀悼者→mournful adj.哀痛的;悲伤的 →mournfully adv.悲哀地 16. remark v.&n.谈论;评论→remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的 →remarkably adv.不同寻常地;惊人地 派生词总结 ①I can conclude from what you have said that you are unhappy about the news. 从你所说的话中，我可以推断出你对这个消息不高兴。 ②We know well what difficulties we have to cope with to bring our work to a successful conclusion (conclude). 我们很清楚，要使我们的工作圆满结束，我们必须克服什么样的困难。 ③In conclusion, we have learned a lot from the activity. 总之，我们从这次活动中学到了很多。 1.conclusion n. [C]结论;推论 ①in conclusion总而言之= in a word, in summary,all in all,in brief,in short, to sum up, in sum ②bring...to a conclusion 使得......结束 conclude vt. 得出结论，推断出 v.(使)结束，终止 ①(从......)推断出／断定…conclude sth.(from sth.)；conclude (from sth.) that... ② 以……结束：conclude(sth.) by doing/with sth ③to conclude最后（作结论用语）=in a word, in brief, all in all, in short, on the whole do with;handle;manage ①Under no circumstances is (be) anyone allowed to use the telephone in the office for personal affairs. 任何人在任何情况下都不允许为了个人事务而去使用办公室的电话。 ②Remember that goals are flexible(灵活的). They can change according to circumstances (circumstance). 记住目标是灵活的，它们可以根据情况而改变。 ③It is used in circumstances where banks are reluctant to lend for property purchases. 它用于银行不愿意为购买房产提供贷款的情况。 2.circumstance n. 条件;环境;状况  ①under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此 ②under/in no circumstances 绝不，无论如何不【放在句首时句子要部分倒装】 =in no sense; in no way; on no account; by no means; in no case Eg:Under/In no circumstances can you go out. 你绝对不可以出去。 【拓展】①如果情况允许: if circumstances allow/permit ②circumstance作先行词时，后面的定语从句常用where引导，where在定语从句中作地点状语。 anyone is allowed to use the telephone flexible=adaptable flexibility n. ①be reluctant to do=be unwilling to do 不愿意做某事 ②property n.财产 ③purchase n.&v. 购买 personal adj.个人的 personality n.性格 ①The couple’s marriage is founded on love and respect. 这对夫妇的婚姻建立在爱和尊重的基础上。 ②Mr Smith, the founder of the amusement park, founded a business school later, which laid a solid foundation for the economic development of the local area. 史密斯先生是那个游乐园的创建者，后来他创办了一所商学院，这为当地的经济发展打下了坚实的基础。 3.found vt. 创建;建立;把......建立在（founded-founded-founding） ①be founded on = be based on 建立在......基础上 ②foundation n. 地基；基础 lay a (firm/solid) foundation for... 为...打下(坚实的)基础 ③易混：find v.找到;查明(found-found-finding) finding n.发现物 respected adj.受尊敬的 respectful adj.表示敬意的 respectable adj.值得尊敬的 respectfully adv.尊敬地 local: adj.地方的;当地的 n.当地人;本地人 4.infer vt. 推断;推定(inferred-inferred-inferring) ①infer...from... 从......中推断出...... ②It can be inferred that... 可推断出...... ②inference n.[U]推断[C]推断的结果，结论 draw/make inferences 推断出结果 ③refer [rɪ'fɜ:(r)] v. —reference n. ['ref(ə)rəns] prefer [prɪ'fɜ:(r)] v.—preference n. ['pref(ə)rəns] infer [ɪn'fɜ:(r)] v. —inference n. ['ɪnf(ə)rəns] occur[ə'kɜ:(r)] v. —occurrence n. [ə'kʌrəns] ①Much of the meaning must be inferred from the context. 许多意思必须从上下文中推断出来。 ②From the passage it can be inferred (infer) that the author has a positive attitude to the matter. 从文章中可以推断出作者对此事持积极态度。 ③My teacher asked me what inferences (infer) I had drawn from those facts. 老师问我从这些事实中推断出了什么结果。 positive,optimistic what引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰inferences I had drawn what inferences from those facts. matter: n.事情；麻烦；事项 v.要紧，有关系 Eg.The children matter more to her than anything else in the world. 5.passion n. 酷爱；激情 ①develop a passion for 对......产生爱好；培养......的热情 ②have a passion for 酷爱...... ③have a passion to do sth 做某事的热情 ④out of a strong passion for出于对......的热情 ⑤with passion 充满激情地 = passionately; be filled with passion passionate adj. 热情的 be passionate about....对...热情 ①Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. 仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。 ②My first recommendation is to pursue the type of practice you are passionate(passion)about. 我的第一个建议是追求你所热爱的实践类型。 ③They are all passionately(passion) interested in environmental issues. 他们都对环境问题非常感兴趣。 be good at/do well in (doing) sth. 两个动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用复数 adj: be interested in n: have a strong interest in pursue(v.)—pursuit(n.) be filled/crowded/packed with; be full of 6.consequence n. [C]结果;成果  ①as a consequence/in consequence(= as a result) 结果 ②as a consequence of/in consequence of(= as a result of) 由于 ③consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的 consequently adv. 因此，所以 原因：result from...; on account of; owing to; due to; because of; as a result of 结果：result in; bring about; lead to; contribute to; as a result ④易混：sequence n.顺序 sequential adj.连续的 sequentially ad.从而;继续地 ①A severe earthquake struck the city, causing a consequent (consequence) shortage of food. 一场强烈的地震袭击了这座城市，造成了随之而来的粮食短缺。 ②Drunk driving has been banned.Consequently (consequent),the traffic accidents are decreasing. 酒后驾驶已被禁止。因此，交通事故正在减少。 ③In consequence of being over the age limit, her application was rejected. 由于超过年龄限制，她的申请被拒绝了。 strike—struck—struck/stricken flood-stricken area 洪灾区 导致：cause/lead to/result in/contribute to/bring about/give rise to/go off decrease 减少 increase 增加 be rejected/refused 被拒绝 7.take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)  ①take up a position/post (as...) 担任（......）职位 take up a challenge 接受挑战 take up a lot of time 占用大量时间 take up space/room 占据空间 take up writing 开始从事写作 ②take apart拆开,拆卸 take over接管;接任 take in吸收;收留;领会 take on呈现;承担 take down拿下;记下 take off脱下;起飞;突然开始成功;休假 ①In fact, surfing the Internet takes up most of her time._占用__ 事实上，上网占用了她的大部分时间。 ②After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up a post as a doctor in the countryside._担任__ 在医学院学习五年后，Jane在乡村当了一名医生。 ③The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week._继续__ 老师接着上星期停下来的地方，继续把课讲下去。 ④The extreme athlete took up the challenge of testing her mental strength. __接受___极限运动员接受了考验她精神力量的挑战。 8.encounter n. [C]邂逅；遭遇 vt. 偶然碰到;遇到   ①vt. 遭遇(尤指困难的事)：encounter problems/difficulties 遇到问题/困难 ②n. 相遇；经历(后常跟介词with)：have an encounter with 与......相遇 ③偶然碰到，碰见：come across; run across; run into ④遇到（困难）: run into; meet with ①On a rainy day, he had an encounter with an old friend in Rome. 在一个下雨天，他在罗马遇到了一位老朋友。 ②Although we encountered (encounter)so many problems in our work, we never gave up. 虽然我们在工作中遇到了许多问题，但我们从来没有放弃。 9.remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的    ①be remarkable for以……著称 ②remark n.[C]谈论；言论；评述 v.谈论；评论；说起 remark on/upon谈论/评论…… ③remark v.&n.谈论;评论→remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的→remarkably adv.不同 寻常地;惊人地 ①The editor remarked(remark) that the article was well written. 编辑说这篇文章写得很好。 ②He made a number of rude remarks(remark) about the food. 他对食物作了一些无礼的评论。 ③Since then, we have made remarkable(remark) progress in maths. 从那时起，我们在数学上取得了显著的进步。 ④These markets have much in common, but each is also remarkably(remarkable) different. 这些市场有很多共同之处，但也各不相同。 be distinct from=be different from have...in common 有共同之处 a number of+可数名词复数做主语，谓语动词用复数 remarkable/striking/noticeable progress 10.sum vi. 总结；概括 n.金额；总数 ①sum up总结；概括 ②to sum up 总的来说，总之（常位于句首） ③in sum 总之，总而言之 ④a large sum of money/cash 一大笔钱/现金 ⑤扩展：summarize vt. 总结，概述 summary n. 总结 ①A large sum of money has (have) been raised for the poor children in the mountainous areas. 为了帮助那些山区里的贫穷孩子，一大笔钱已经被筹集起来了。 ②To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. 总之，为了一个健康的心脏，你必须经常锻炼和戒烟。 a large sum of+不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 a great/good deal of+不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 raise money/raise funds/collect money 筹钱 raise salaries/prices 提高薪水/价格 raise a flag 升旗 stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 37 Words and Expression in Unit 1 人民教育电子音像出版社 普通高中教科书 英语 选择性必修 第一册 2020 vocal 374859.78 $$