2024年中考英语现在完成时易错点&练习

中考英语现在完成时易错点&练习 一、与一般过去时的混淆 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，而一般过去时只强调过去发生的动作本身。 例如： I saw the film yesterday. （一般过去时，只说明昨天看了电影这个动作） I have seen the film before. （现在完成时，强调看过这部电影的经历对现在的影响，比如知道电影的情节等） 二、延续性动词和非延续性动词的使用 在现在完成时中，如果时间状语是 “for + 一段时间” 或 “since + 时间点 / 从句”，要用延续性动词。 例如： He has left for two hours. （错误，leave 是非延续性动词） He has been away for two hours. （正确，be away 是延续性动词） 三、have gone to 和 have been to 的区别 have gone to 表示 “去了某地（还未回来）”，have been to 表示 “去过某地（已经回来）”。 例如： Where is Tom? He has gone to Beijing. （说明 Tom 去了北京还没回来） I have been to Beijing twice. （表示已经去过北京两次） 四、在现在完成时中，瞬间动词不能与 “for + 时间段” 和 “since + 时间点” 连用 常见的瞬间动词有：come，go，leave，start，begin，die 等。如果要表达 “持续的动作或状态”，需要转换成相应的延续性动词。 例如： The old man has died for five years. （错误） The old man has been dead for five years. （正确） 五、现在完成时的疑问句和否定句形式 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他. 例如： Have you finished your homework? She hasn't visited her grandparents. 以下是一些常见的延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换规则及例子： 1. 用 “be + 形容词” 代替非延续性动词 die → be dead He died two years ago. → He has been dead for two years. leave → be away They left an hour ago. → They have been away for an hour. arrive → be here / there She arrived yesterday. → She has been here since yesterday. 2. 用 “be + 介词短语” 代替非延续性动词 begin / start → be on The film began five minutes ago. → The film has been on for five minutes. come / go → be in / at He came to Beijing last week. → He has been in Beijing since last week. join → be in / be a member of He joined the army two years ago. → He has been in the army for two years. / He has been a member of the army for two years. 3. 用 “have /has + 过去分词” 表示状态的持续 buy → have I bought this book last month. → I have had this book for a month. borrow → keep He borrowed the dictionary two days ago. → He has kept the dictionary for two days. 4. 用 “be + 副词” 代替非延续性动词 open → be open The shop opened an hour ago. → The shop has been open for an hour. close → be closed The factory closed last year. → The factory has been closed since last year. 中考中现在完成时常见的一些非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词： 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow keep buy have begin / start be on come / arrive be here / in... go / leave be away join be in / be a member of finish / end be over die be dead open be open close be closed 一、单项选择题 1.I ______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. left B. have left C. have been away from D. was away from 2.—______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall? —Yes. Three times. A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Have; gone D. Has; gone 3.The Smiths ______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 4.—How long can I ______ this book? —For two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. take 5.His father ______ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.I ______ (not see) him for two years. 2.She ______ (teach) English since she came here. 3.The Greens ______ (buy) this house two years ago and they ______ (live) here for two years. 4.How long ______ you ______ (be) ill? 5.They ______ (never visit) such a beautiful place before. 三、句型转换 1.He has already finished his homework. （改为否定句） 2.He ______ finished his homework ______. They have been in Beijing for five years. （对划线部分提问） ______ ______ have they been in Beijing? 3.I have learned English for three years. （改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ English for three years? 4.She has lived here since 2018. （用 “for + 时间段” 改写句子） She has lived here ______ ______ years. 5.My father left home two hours ago. （改为同义句） My father has ______ ______ from home for two hours. 答案： 一、单项选择题 C B C B D 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 haven't seen has taught bought; have lived have; been have never visited 三、句型转换 hasn't; yet How long Have; learned for six been away 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$