Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading for Writing 讲义-2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit4 space exploration (1) 如何写正反观点对比类议论文 议论文是通过剖析事物来论述事理，发表意见或提出主张的一种文体，要求作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辩是非来确定某一观点是否正确，肯定或否定某种观点或主张。正反观点对比类议论文是从正反两方面来说明某个观点，进而表达自己的看法。 写此类文章时，要做到要点完整、条理清晰、层次分明，以使文章有条理。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。此类文章的结构一般为：引语（提出问题）→正方观点及论据→反方观点及论据→结论（个人看法）。 注意以下三点： 1.在开头提出议题，也就是提出论点。议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水，并且开头句往往是主题句。 2.在正文部分议论时要有充分的论据，可以运用列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历的方法。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可以用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。 3.在结论部分发表自己的观点。观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可。 (2) 常用表达 1.引出讨论话题： We had a heated discussion about/on... We have had a survey on... 我们做了一个关于如何……的调查。 According to a recent survey... There is a widespread concern over the issue that ... 人们普遍担心这个……问题。 2.论证总起步： 意见主要分为两类: Opinions are divided on the question. Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 然而，不同的人对此有不同的看法: People have/take different opinions/ views on this problem/ topic. People have / hold different attitudes toward this question. Opinions on this topic vary from person to person. Different people, however, have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter. 60% of the students are for the idea. 60%的学生赞成这个想法。 On the contrary, 45% of the students hold the view that ... For one thing, ... For another thing, ... 相反，45%的学生认为…… 一方面，…… 另一方面，…… 3.陈述一方的观点及理由： ...some of them hold the opinion that... ...some of them are for/in favor of the idea that... People who are for the idea think.. 4.陈述另一方的观点及理由： However, some of them hold a different view. However, some people differ with them on this matter. Those who are against the idea think that... 5.表明个人的观点或阐述个人的做法： Personally (speaking).../In my opinion... /As for me../As far as I'm concerned.. /From my point of view.../For my part ... 对我来说…… /就我而言…… /在我看来……/从我的观点来看…… 6.结束语： Through the discussion, we all think that.. 通过讨论，我们都认为…… Taking all these factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that ... 考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以得出这样一个结论…… Everything has its advantages and disadvantages./ Each coin has two sides. 每件事都有优点和缺点 (3)写作模板 Recently our class has held a discussion about whether 主题 .Opinions are divided on this matter. Some students are for this idea, thinking that 原因一 . Besides, 原因二 .What's more, 原因三 .However, every coin has two sides. Others hold a different opinion. They think 原因一 . In addition, 原因二 As far as I'm concerned /Personally, 个人观点 . Unit4 Practice writing--space exploration 1. 假如你是李华，最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场激烈的讨论。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文介绍此次讨论的结果。 太空探索的优点；太空探索的缺点。注意：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题：本文是一篇观点论述性的书面表达。时态以一般现在时为主。 第一段提出话题：我班同学就太空探索是否值得展开争论。 关键词： a heated debate/ discussion 激烈的争论/讨论 space exploration 太空探索 第二段对太空探索的缺点展开论述。可采用总分或总分总的结构，使段落内容更加清晰。 关键词：Disadvantage/shortcomings on the one hand ...think space exploration is not worthwhile. 第三段对太空探索的优点展开论述。 关键词：advantage/strengths on the other hand ...think space exploration is necessary because... 太空探索利与弊 范文 Recently the student in our class have had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% of the students think space exploration is necessary because we can benefit a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecasts. What's more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. More importantly , space research will enable us to find new resources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth. 2. 假设你是李华。最近，你班学生就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开讨论。根据以下信息写一封信向你的好朋友汤姆介绍这一情况。30%的学生认为不值得探索：(1)离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远；(2)浪费金钱，这些金钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。70%的学生认为值得探索：(1)卫星已用来进行通信传播、天气预报，使我们的生活更加方便；(2)有望解决地球能源短缺等问题。 Dear Tom， How's everything going? Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. On the one hand, 30% of us think that space exploration is not worthwhile, holding the belief that space exploration is too far away from us and our daily life. And space exploration will waste a lot of money, which can be used to solve the problems such as starvation（饥饿）and pollution. //On the other hand, 70% think space is worthy to be explored. As we all know, satellites（卫星） have been used for weather forecasts（预报） as well as communication, which makes our life more convenient. Besides, if resources are found on other planets, the problem of energy shortages on our earth can be solved. As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. 3. 假设你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。 赞同的理由：1. 获得新知识：2. 从太空取得新资源；3. 扩大人类未来的生存空间。 反对的理由：1. 耗资巨大，2. 宇航员的安全问题。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO？ We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Different students have different attitudes towards it. Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human being. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.//However, others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space. In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out. 4. 假定你是李华，市科技馆将举办一场关于太空探索的讲座，请给你的笔友 Tom 写一封信，邀请他一起去听。内容包括： （1）主讲人：杨利伟（中国进入太空的第一人）； （2）讲座内容：太空探索的现状和未来的挑战；进入太空的经历； （3）讲座时间：周六下午两点到四点。 注意：（1）词数80左右； （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （3）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一段:开门见山点出写信的目的 第二段:用凝练的语言详如描述讲座的相关细节和参加讲座的必要性，体现了很好的语言运用能力 第三段:再次发出邀请和表达希望得到回复 Dear Tom, Knowing that you have a strong desire to explore space, I'm delighted to invite you to attend a lecture about space exploration with me. The lecture will be given by the first Chinese astronaut to fly in space, Yang Liwei, who will stay in the Science and Technology Museum of our city from 2 to 4 on Saturday afternoon. Not only does the lecture deal with the current space exploration and the future challenges, but it also includes Yang Liwei's experience when he successfully orbited the earth 14 times. He will bring a large number of super first-hand photos to us, which I am sure are a feast for our eyes. Will you be available during that time? I'm sincerely looking forward to your early reply and participation. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 5. 假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举行太空探索耗时力、是否应该继续进行的讨论，请你写一篇文章，内容包括： （1）你的观点；（2）你的理由。 注意：词数80左右。 Space Exploration Personally, I consider it necessary to explore the universe. First of all, exploring such frontiers can expand the horizon of mankind, which helps us know more about the solar system and the universe. Apart from this, it can also result in the building of national confidence. It's the success achieved by the scientists that has encouraged and is encouraging all the Chinese to work harder in the hope of realising the Chinese dream. Therefore, I'm strongly for space exploration. 6. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 对中国的太空探索很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，向他介绍相关情况，内容包括： （1）取得的成就；（2）你的感想。 注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, I'm glad to introduce China's space endeavor to you. Over the past decades, China has achieved great success independently in space exploration, which is also a part of mankind's exploration of outer space. Not only has China landed spacecraft on the moon and Mars but Chinese astronauts have completed the spacewalk successfully, a big leap of the ongoing Chinese space endeavor. I feel proud of China's space endeavor and I believe China will make greater progress in the future, Yours, Li Hua 7. 最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展，还可以用来指导农业生产，以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活；也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。 注意：1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点，可适当发挥，使上下文连贯；2. 词数80左右 Recently we have held a heated discussion about whether mankind should explore space or not. Different people have different opinions. Some people hold the view that space exploration will not only enable us to understand how the universe develop but also help farming to grow more food and apply the new technology to our life. However, other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money. From my point of view, it is very necessary for human to explore space. Because it not only can provide the world with many different benefits, but also can solve people's short- term and long-term proble 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$