专题01中国艺术书法-2023-2024学年高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化

高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化 中国艺术书法(素材+语法填空+书面表达) 第一部分话题素材积累 1．中国书法是一种用墨和毛笔书写汉字的传统形式,它经过数百年实践,已经植根于中国。(汉译英) 2．中国书法是一种通过毛笔尖的压力和速度变化把汉字变成图像的艺术。它强调情感的表达，同时也是艺术家的一种心理锻炼，它需要协调身体和心灵，从而选择最佳的风格来呈现汉字的内容。(汉译英) 3．中国书法蕴含着中国文化的精髓。书法是中国四大艺术之一。它融合了汉语、历史、哲学和美学。(汉译英) 4．汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成了许多不同的书写形式,如篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书。(汉译英) 5．中国书法最伟大的倡导者是公元4世纪的王義之和他的儿子王献之。他们的原作保存下来的很少，但他们的许多书法作品被刻在石碑上或制成木刻印版，并拓印成拓本。(汉译英) Words and Expressions ①calligraphy n.书法;书法艺术 ②variation n.变化 ③coordinate vt.使协调;使相配合 ④aesthetics n.美学 ⑤merge vi.合并;融合 ⑥evolve vi.逐步发展;逐步演变 ⑦script n.笔迹 ⑧exponent n.倡导者 ⑨engrave vt.在······上雕刻 ⑩woodblock n.木刻印版 ⑪rubbing n.拓本 ⑫文房四宝 the Four Treasures of the Study ⑬宣纸 xuan paper;rice paper ⑭砚台 the inkstone 第二部分话题语法填空 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese brush calligraphy is one of the most important art forms in China. The origin of Chinese brush calligraphy is unknown, but local 6 (tale)say it goes back over 4,000 years to the time of the legendary (传说的) Yellow Emperor. At that time characters 7 (carve) on animal bones or tortoise shells. Only after Emperor Qinshihuang unified China 8 his rule did it really gain in popularity as a common art form. Qinshihuang set regular rules for Chinese characters, 9 (make) it easier for people to learn. This Chinese art form continued to progress and during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD-907 AD) 10 new type of the cursive script (草书) was formed. It is written freely, but it’s not easy 11 (read). Today Chinese brush calligraphy is once again a subject in schools and an art form highly 12 (appreciate) across the world. Anyone can practise it and 13 is required is a simple set including a brush, ink 14 paper. Practising this art 15 (consistent) can develop personal character and is of great benefit to health. 二 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Calligraphy (书法), 16 (consider) as one of the unique traditional Chinese arts, has a long history of about 1000 years. It is not only a tool of cultural communication 17 an artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty. As the representative of Chinese art, it 18 (know) as the most ancient artistic form in the eastern world. Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring 19 (country). To practise calligraphy 20 (require) the basic tools of four treasures of study as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink, and writing on the paper 21 the ink will spread quickly. Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, 22 (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork. When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even 23 (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. Thus it also can shape and improve a person’s temper and promote well being. Calligraphy, 24 a mirror, is a silent reflection of the soul.Today, although various modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy, 25 (especial) which is created with a writing brush, people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly. 第三部分话题写作 26．假定你是李华，你校书法社将于本周末举行社团活动。作为书法社社长，你想邀请外教Mr. Smith来参加活动。请你给他写一封邮件，要点如下： 1.时间和地点； 2.内容：听讲座并参加中国书法体验活动。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．Chinese calligraphy is a traditional form of writing Chinese characters through the use of ink and a brush,which has been rooted in China through centuries of practice. 【详解】考查定语从句。汉语原句是一个复合句，主句是“中国书法是一种用墨和毛笔书写汉字的传统形式”，从句是“它经过数百年实践，已经植根于中国”。主句翻译为“Chinese calligraphy is a traditional form of writing Chinese characters through the use of ink and a brush”，从句翻译为“which has been rooted in China through centuries of practice”。其中，“中国书法”翻译为“Chinese calligraphy”，其中“书法”翻译为“calligraphy”，这是英文中常用的表示中国书法的词汇。“用墨和毛笔书写汉字”翻译为“writing Chinese characters through the use of ink and a brush”。这里，“用墨和毛笔”翻译为“through the use of ink and a brush”，通过介词短语表达动作的方式。“已经植根于”翻译为“has been rooted in”，使用了现在完成时的被动语态，表示这一状态已经持续并存在于中国。“数百年实践”翻译为“centuries of practice”，其中“数百年”翻译为“centuries”，“实践”翻译为“practice”。汉语原句中的“它”指的是“中国书法”，在英语翻译中，为了保持句子的连贯性和紧凑性，使用非限制性定语从句“which has been rooted in China through centuries of practice”来指代并解释“中国书法”的状态。故可翻译为Chinese calligraphy is a traditional form of writing Chinese characters through the use of ink and a brush,which has been rooted in China through centuries of practice. 2．Chinese calligraphy is an art of turning Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed variation of the pointed Chinese brush. It emphasizes the expression of emotions while being a mental exercise to an artist which coordinates the body and the mind to select the best style for the presentation of the content of Chinese characters. 【详解】考查名词、动词及时态。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；“中国书法”译为Chinese calligraphy，“把……变成”译为turn...into...，“一种通过毛笔尖的压力和速度变化把汉字变成图像的艺术”译为an art of turning Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed ariations of the pointed Chinese brush，“强调”译为emphasize，“情感的表达”译为the expression of emotions，“同时”译为while，“是艺术家的一种心理锻炼”译为being a mental exercise to an artist，现在分词作状语；“它需要协调身体和心灵，从而选择最佳的风格来呈现汉字的内容”译为使用which引导的定语从句，“协调”译为coordinate，“身体和心灵”译为the body and the mind，“选择最佳的风格来呈现汉字的内容”译为select the best style for the presentation of the content of Chinese characters，使用动词不定式作目的状语。故翻译为Chinese calligraphy is an art of turning Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed variations of the pointed Chinese brush. It emphasizes the expression of emotions while being a mental exercise to an artist which coordinates the body and the mind to select the best style for the presentation of the content of Chinese characters. 3．Chinese calligraphy contains the essence of Chinese culture. Calligraphy is one of four noble arts in China. It is a connective dimension where the Chinese language, history, philosophy, and aesthetics merge. 【详解】考查名词、动词、介词短语和定语从句。“中国书法蕴含着中国文化的精髓”是第一句，主语“中国书法”用名词词组Chinese calligraphy，谓语“蕴含”用动词contain，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式contains，宾语“中国文化的精髓”用the essence of Chinese culture；“书法是中国四大艺术之一”是第二句，主语“书法”用名词calligraphy，“是”是系动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是不可数名词，系动词用单数形式is，表语“中国四大艺术之一”用one of four noble arts in China；“它融合了汉语、历史、哲学和美学”是第三句，可理解为“它是中国语言、历史、哲学和美学融合的一个连接维度”，主语“它”用代词it，“是”是系动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语是单数代词，系动词用单数形式is，表语“连接维度”用a connective dimension，“中国语言、历史、哲学和美学融合的”可处理为定语从句，修饰先行词dimension，是模糊地点，用关系副词where引导，译为“where the Chinese language, history, philosophy, and aesthetics merge”。综上，全句译为：Chinese calligraphy contains the essence of Chinese culture. Calligraphy is one of four noble arts in China. It is a connective dimension where the Chinese language, history, philosophy, and aesthetics merge. 4．During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。“汉字”翻译为“Chinese characters”，“发展史”翻译为“history of development”，“演化”翻译为“evolve”，“书写形式”翻译为“script forms”，“篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书”分别翻译为“the seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script”，这些都是中文书法的专业术语，翻译时需要准确对应其英文表达。“汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成了许多不同的书写形式”翻译为“During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms”根据句意，本句应该使用现在完成时；“如篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书”翻译为“such as the seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script”，它在句子中充当状语。故整句可翻译为During their long history of development,Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms,such as the seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. 5．The greatest exponents of Chinese calligraphy were Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi in the 4th century. Few of their original works have survived, but a number of their writings were engraved on stone tablets or made into woodblocks, and rubbings were made from them. 【详解】考查时态语态。根据汉语提示“中国书法最伟大的倡导者是公元4世纪的王義之和他的儿子王献之”可知，本句为一般过去时，翻译为The greatest exponents of Chinese calligraphy were Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi in the 4th century.，“幸存”是survive，“原作”是original works，“他们的原作保存下来的很少”表示过去对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故翻译为Few of their original works have survived，but连接并列句，“许多”翻译为a number of，“被雕刻在石头上”为be engraved on stone tablets ，陈述过去的事实，为一般过去时的被动语态。“被制成”为be made into，“由……制成”为be made from，“他们的许多书法作品被刻在石碑上或制成木刻印版，并拓印成拓本”翻译为a number of their writings were engraved on stone tablets or made into woodblocks, and rubbings were made from them.，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：The greatest exponents of Chinese calligraphy were Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi in the 4th century. Few of their original works have survived, but a number of their writings were engraved on stone tablets or made into woodblocks, and rubbings were made from them. 6．tales 7．were carved 8．under 9．making 10．a 11．to read 12．appreciated 13．what 14．and 15．consistently 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国毛笔书法的历史及特点。 6．考查名词的数。句意：中国毛笔书法的起源是未知的，但当地传说它可以追溯到4000多年前传说中的黄帝时代。tale是可数名词，作主语，根据谓语动词say的形式可知，tale用复数形式。故填tales。 7．考查时态和语态。句意：当时的文字是刻在兽骨或龟壳上的。根据句中时间状语At that time 可知，用一般过去时，又因主语 characters与动词carve之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were carved。 8．考查介词。句意：直到秦始皇统一中国之后，它才真正成为一种普遍的艺术形式。under one’s rule为固定搭配，意为“在某人统治之下”。故填under。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：秦始皇为汉字制定了规则，使人们更容易学习。动词make的逻辑主语是前面整句话所讲述的内容，两者之间是主动关系，且表示一种自然产生的结果，应用动词-ing形式作状语，作结果状语。故填making。 10．考查冠词。句意：这种中国艺术形式继续发展，在唐朝(公元618年-公元907年)形成了一种新的草书。type是可数名词，这里指“一种新的草书形式”，且new以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：它写得很随意，但不容易读懂。“it is+形容词＋to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，故填to read。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，中国毛笔书法再次成为学校的一门学科，也是一种受到全世界高度赞赏的艺术形式。动词appreciate与其逻辑主语an art form之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，作后置定语。故填appreciated。 13．考查主语从句。句意：任何人都可以练习，所需要的只是一套简单的工具，包括毛笔、墨水和纸。根据句意“所需的东西就是一套简单的(书写)工具”可知，此处应用what引导主语从句，表示“……的东西”。 故填what。 14．考查连词。句意：任何人都可以练习，所需要的只是一套简单的工具，包括毛笔、墨水和纸。这里用并列连词and连接前后并列的书写工具“墨”和“纸”。 故填and。 15．考查副词。句意：坚持练习这门艺术可以培养个性，对健康有很大的好处。此处修饰非谓语动词practising，用副词consistently“始终如一地”，作状语。故填consistently。 16．considered 17．but 18．is known 19．countries 20．requires 21．where 22．strength 23．themselves 24．like 25．especially 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国的独特的传统的艺术之一——书法。 16．考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：书法，被认为是中国独特的传统艺术之一，有着大约1000年的悠久历史。此处Calligraphy 和consider之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填considered。 17．考查固定搭配。句意：它不仅是一种文化交流的工具，更是一种艺术瑰宝，闪耀着非凡的美。固定搭配：not only…but also…“不但……而且……”。故填but。 18．考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：作为中国艺术的代表，它被称为东方最古老的艺术形式。固定短语：be known as“作为……而著称”。这里在叙述一个客观事实，且主语是单数第三人称it，故填is known。 19．考查名词复数。句意：书法在世界范围内产生了广泛的影响，甚至被引入到许多邻国。根据many后面跟名词复数，可知这里用country的复数形式，故填countries。 20．考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：练习书法不仅需要四宝的基本工具，还需要专注于引导充满液体墨水的软毛笔，以及在纸上写字，因为墨水很快就会扩散。动词不定式作主语谓语动词用单数形式，且这里在讲述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故填requires。 21．考查定语从句。句意：练习书法不仅需要四宝的基本工具，还需要专注于引导充满液体墨水的软毛笔，以及在纸上写字，因为墨水很快就会扩散。此处paper作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 22．考查名词。句意：一旦画笔运动犹豫，就会产生一个黑色的标记，因此速度、力量和敏捷性是优秀作品的精髓。分析句子结构，这里是并列的名词作主语，所给词strong是形容词，其名词是strength“力气，力量”，故填strength。 23．考查反身代词。句意：许多书法家在书写时，会忘却一切烦恼，甚至忘乎所以，将一切思想融于艺术之美中。此处用反身代词作宾语，甚至忘了“自己”，故填themselves。 24．考查介词。句意：书法就像一面镜子，是心灵的无声反映。介词like“像……一样”，故填like。 25．考查副词。句意：虽然各种各样的现代方式已经取代了原来的书法，特别是用毛笔创作的书法，但人们仍然热爱这种古老的形式，并不懈地练习它。此处用副词后面的整个句子，故填especially。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第6小题中先行词为名词paper，再分析先行词paper在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词paper带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where。 26．Dear Mr. Smith, I’m writing on behalf of our calligraphy club to invite you to come to the Student Activity Center for some activities with us from 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. this weekend. As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of lines. Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters, but also it’s a unique art form to purify our souls. You will enjoy a lecture about Chinese calligraphy and appreciate masterpieces of some celebrities. After that, you will be exposed to some hands-on activities. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本文是一篇邀请信。要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写一封信，邀请他来参加本周末举办的书法社社团活动。考生需要在文中包括所有重点，并且添加合适细节。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 传统的：traditional→conventional/customary 传达：convey→express 欣赏：appreciate→admire 杰作：masterpiece→masterwork/classic 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of lines. 拓展句：Calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of lines, which is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters, but also it’s a unique art form to purify our souls.（Not only置于句首引导的部分倒装句） 【高分句型2】 I’m writing on behalf of our calligraphy club to invite you to come to the Student Activity Center for some activities with us from 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. this weekend.（运用不定式短语to invite you...做目的状语） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$