精品解析：2021年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试卷

2021年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试 英语试题 选择题（共100小题，共120分） Ⅰ. 语音知识（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出画线部分读音与其他三项画线部分读音不同的选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. agree B. about C. above D. able 2. A. write B. wait C. want D. watch 3. A. picture B. cup C. cook D. certain 4. A. refuse B. regular C. repeat D. reply 5. A. school B. cheer C. cheap D. peach 6. A. music B. use C. must D. refuse 7. A. road B. float C. broad D. boat 8. A. make B. pad C. bat D. map 9. A. diet B. thief C. belief D. believe 10. A. foot B. blood C. wood D. book Ⅱ. 词汇和语法（共两节，共40分） 第一节：词汇知识（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 11. If we help others, others will help us ________. A. in doubt B. in return C. in public D. in surprise 12. Sometimes we even thank people who hurt us, ________ they teach us important things. A. because B. though C. before D. so 13. We will celebrate ________ birthday of our Party this year. A. the hundred B. the hundredth C. hundred D. hundredth 14. Peking Opera has a history of ________ 200 years. A. more than B. no more C. rather than D. other than 15. My ________ is near our school, so my ________ needn’t worry about my safety. A. family; home B. home; families C. home; family D. families; home 16. This road ________ our village. A. leads B. leads to C. led D. led to 17. I don’t know ________ days it took me to get well. A. how many B. how much C. how D. what 18. She ________ love writing. A. used to B. was used to C. is used to D. is used for 19. He ________ himself for being brave. A. take pride in B. is proud of C. are proud of D. taking pride in 20. —Todd, ________ do your family go to the restaurant? —Once a week. A. how soon B. how long C. how far D. how often 21. I will ________ you ________ at 8 tomorrow morning. A. pick; out B. pick; up C. pick; off D. pick; on 22. Finally, on a rainy morning he ________ Shenzhen. A. leave to B. left to C. leave for D. left for 23 He isn’t a very tall boy but he is stronger than ________ in his class. A. any students B. any other student C. all the students D. every student 24. Remember that ________ is more important than our safety and health. A everything B. something C. nothing D. anything 25. We will meet ________ next week. A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times 26. The tourists ________ their sunglasses to protect their eyes. A. put off B. put up C. put away D. put on 27. You have two choices. One is to go to college and ________ is to work right now. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 28. It is said that a storm is ________. A. in the way B. by the way C. on the way D. in no way 29. He promises not to ________ me ________ anymore. A. let; down B. break; down C. cut; down D. set; down 30. Ten days ________, he came back safe and well. A. late B. later C. latter D. lately 第二节：语法知识（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 31. Changchun is ________ beautiful city in ________ northeast of China. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; an D. an; the 32. President Xi said in his speech that ________ come from the people and every ________ is unusual. A. hero; person B. heroes; person C. heroes; persons D. heros; person 33. China’s first vocational skills competition ________ in Guangzhou on December 10th in 2020. A. held B. is held C. hold D. was held 34. People should sort their rubbish into groups, ________ they? A. shouldn’t B. should C. don’t D. do 35. In winter, the weather in Changchun is colder than ________ in Beijing. A. that B. it C. this D. those 36. There was ________ with his car, so Mr. Smith had to walk to work last Friday. A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D. wrong something 37. It is very kind ________ you to be a volunteer to help do the work. A. of B. for C. by D. to 38. She often leaves her handbag in the office. ________ poor memory she has! A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 39. Tom often makes his little sister ________, but he was made ________ by her yesterday. A. cry; cry B. cry; to cry C. to cry; cry D. to cry; to cry 40. Break-dancing has ________ an official Olympic event. A. become B. became C. becomes D. becoming 41. The busier the old man is, ________ he will be. A. happier B. the happier C. happy D. the happiest 42. —Who’s the boy standing at the school gate? —It ________ be John. He has gone to Dalian. A. may B. mustn’t C. won’t D. can’t 43. Not until midnight ________ raining. A. it stopped B. it did stop C. did it stop D. do it stop 44. He is an experienced teacher ________ by all his students. A. respect B. respected C. respecting D. to respect 45. I don’t know ________ so many young people. A. why Luosifen is popular with B. why is Luosifen popular with C. why Luosifen does popular with D. why does Luosifen popular with 46. They are talking about the most moving film ________ was directed by a famous comedy actress. A. which B. who C. whom D. that 47. Many employees stayed ________ they worked during the Spring Festival holiday. A. where B. when C. why D. while 48. Each boy and each girl ________ playing outdoor games. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoys D. enjoying 49. Students are not allowed ________ mobile phones in primary and secondary schools. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring 50. If he ________ his work last week, he would have joined us in the match. A. finished B. had finished C. has finished D. have finished Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文下面所给各题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Have you ever seen a solar panel (太阳能电池板) in your neighborhood? Solar panels take energy from ____51____ sun and turn ____52____ into electricity. In the past ten years, the price of solar panels ____53____ down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now ____54____ form of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy ____55____ (给……供电) their homes. However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop ____56____ at night and ____57____ rainy days. Is it possible ____58____ them produce electricity all the time? Scientists at Suzhou University, China, ____59____ a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy _____60_____ from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then _____61_____ down, it creates friction (摩擦力) on the surface of the panel, _____62_____ can then be turned into electricity. Sun Baoquan is one of the _____63_____ . “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. It can even provide electricity at night if there _____64_____ rain. The solar panel, _____65_____, does not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan is still working hard _____66_____ it. The scientist _____67_____ wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as _____68_____ as clothing. The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels. Some have been _____69_____ on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying _____70_____ sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels (液体和气体燃料)。 51. A. a B. an C. the D. / 52. A. it B. them C. they D. that 53. A. went B. has gone C. have gone D. goes 54 A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 55. A. powers B. powering C. powered D. to power 56. A. works B. working C. worked D. to work 57. A. at B. of C. in D. on 58. A. to make B. made C. making D. makes 59. A. has invented B. have invented C. were invented D. was invented 60. A. nor B. but also C. or D. and 61. A. rolled B. rolling C. roll D. rolls 62. A. which B. that C. why D. where 63. A. inventor B. invention C. inventors D. inventions 64. A. was B. were C. is D. an 65. A. however B. but C. though D. or 66. A. improves B. improved C. to improve D. improving 67. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 68. A. softer B. soft C. softest D. much softer 69. A. to work B. works C. worked D. working 70. A. to use B. used C. uses D. use Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文下面每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Passage A In a faraway country, there were two carpenters (木匠) who were both so good at their work that no one could tell who was the better. One day, the country’s king thought of a way to find out which one was the better. He would have them compete against each other in a contest. The winner would become the official royal (皇家的) carpenter. The king sent for the two carpenters and the contest began. The carpenters were given three days to carve (雕刻) a wooden mouse. Whoever carved the most lifelike mouse would be the winner. The first carpenter carved a fine mouse with vivid (生动的) and lifelike features. The second carpenter’s mouse, however, looked quite rough. In fact, it barely even looked like a mouse at all. The king and his ministers (大臣) agreed that the first carpenter was the winner. The second carpenter said, “This judgment is unfair. We should ask a cat which mouse looks more realistic. Cats can recognize mice much better than humans, after all.” The king thought this was a reasonable (合理的) point. He ordered his ministers to catch several cats and bring them to judge the carpenters’ mice. Surprisingly, all of the cats were attracted to the second carpenter’s mouse. The king asked the second carpenter, “How did you make the cats believe that your mouse looked more real?” The carpenter said, “Your Majesty, if you look closely, you can see that I carved a mouse holding a fishbone! The cats don’t care about how real it looks, but how delicious it might taste.” 71. Who would have the two carpenters compete against each other in a contest? A. The first carpenter. B. The second carpenter. C. The king. D. The ministers. 72. To tell who was the better, the king asked the two carpenters to ________. A. carve a wooden mouse B. carve a cat C. carve a fishbone D. carve anything 73. The interlined word “rough” in Paragraph 4 may mean “________”. A. 精巧的 B. 粗糙的 C. 精美的 D. 逼真的 74. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A. the first carpenter carved a rough mouse B. the second carpenter was the winner at first C. the cats believed that the first carpenter’s mouse looked more real D. the second carpenter’s mouse held a fishbone 75. Which is the best title for this passage? A. A contest between two carpenters B. It takes more than skill to win C. Cats and mice D. The king and the ministers Passage B When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now,” CNN says, “it’s the Arctic’s turn.” German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly the scientists found 1,800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow. How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in. Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk. Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they low over long distance and into our oceans hurting ecosystems along the way. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that were eating the plastic as well. 76. What did German scientists find recently according to the passage? A. They found that the Arctic was an icy land. B. They found microplastics in Arctic snow. C. They found that the Arctic was the last really clean place left on earth. D. They found rubbish in the ocean. 77 Which of the following statements about microplastics is NOT true? A. They are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. B. Most of them in the snow come from the air. C. They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by fish. D. People may breathe them in. 78. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ________. A. our bodies can take in “large” pieces of microplastics B. microplastics can stay in our bodies for a long time C. microplastics may decrease lung cancer risk D. microplastics can’t be bad for our health 79. Where can microplastics be found? A. In rivers and oceans. B. In some sea animals. C. In wastewater. D. All of the above. 80. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Don’t eat fish any more. B. Be careful when in the Arctic. C. Scientists didn’t find microplastics in the Arctic. D. Plastic pollution is serious. Passage C Jiaozi, also known as Chinese dumplings, is a must-have during holidays in Northern China. It dates back to ancient times. Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year. Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots (银锭), it symbolizes (象征) wealth. Traditionally, the members of a family get together to make dumplings on New Year’s Eve. They may hide a coin in one of the dumpling. The person who finds the coin will be likely to have good luck. As the Spring Festival makes the start of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi in the hope of having a good future in the coming new year. Based on your taste, you can make different kinds of Chinese dumplings using different fillings. There is no set rule as to what makes dumpling fillings. They can be anything from vegetables, meat or seafood. Whatever the fillings are, the wrapping (包) skill needs to be exquisite (精美的) to make jiaozi good-looking. As China is a country with territory (幅员辽阔) , there are differences in different areas in ways of making jiaozi or even serving it. For example dumpling wrappers (饺子皮) are made with a rolling stick in Beijing and Hebei province, while in some parts of Inner Mongolia, wrappers are hand-pressed. 81. When did Chinese people probably begin to have jiaozi? A. In recent years. B. In ancient times. C. Several years ago. D. From last holiday. 82. What does jiaozi symbolize? A. Wealth. B. Gold. C. Silver ingots. D. Good luck. 83. From Paragraph 2, we can know the following EXCEPT ________. A. Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year B. Jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots C. The members of a family get together to make dumplings on New Year’s Eve D. The person who finds the coin must be lucky 84. What can be used to make dumpling fillings? A. Only vegetables. B. Only meat. C. Anything from vegetables, meat or seafood. D. Only seafood. 85. How are dumpling wrappers made in some parts of Inner Mongolia? A. Wrappers are hand-pressed. B. Wrappers are made with a rolling stick. C. Wrappers are made with a coin. D. Wrappers are made with gold. Passage D Hello, everyone! I’d like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen. He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, on December 11,1911. After he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he got a chance to study in the USA. After he graduated, he became a teacher as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile (导弹) theories. When he was 44, he returned to our motherland and at that time our country’s space research was almost a blank. In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs that he was honored as “The Father of China’s Missiles”. We Chinese people are proud of him. He passed away on October 31, 2009 at the age of 98, but we Chinese people will remember him forever. His devotion to our country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my success is in China and my destination is in China!” When someone said he could make much more money if he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” His spirit always encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to her. 86. When was Qian Xuesen born? A. In 1956. B. In 1934. C. In 1911. D. In 1944. 87. What did Qian Xussen do when he was 44? A. He returned to our motherland. B. He graduated from university. C. He got a chance to study in the USA. D. He set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. 88. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai. B. Qian Xuesen studied rockets and missile theories before he graduated in the USA. C. Qian Xuesen was honored as “The Father of China’s Missiles”. D. Qian Xuesen had made much more money in the United States. 89. What does the underlined sentence mean in the third paragraph? A. He doesn’t like his family name. B. He doesn’t like money. C. He likes his name. D. He likes money. 90. What can we learn from this passage? A. We should study hard. B. We should earn more money. C. We should go abroad. D. We should love our country and devote ourselves to her. Ⅴ. 单句识错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出有错误的一项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 下列各句中都有一处错误，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出有错误的一项。 91. We all [A]know [B]that he [C]is [D]a honest boy. 92. [A] Have you [B]finished [C]wash the [D]dishes? 93. The meeting [A]was [B]took [C]place as [D]planned. 94. He is two [A] years [B]more [C]older than [D]me. 95. [A] Recently, he [B]has made [C]great [D]progresses. 96. [A] Once [B]upon a time, [C]there [D]lives a rich man. 97. He [A] found it [B]difficulty to [C]understand [D]the article. 98. His story [A] was so [B]interesting [C]that we were all [D]interesting in it. 99. The red [A] apples [B]in the tree [C]look very [D] nice. 100. [A] Lucky, we [B]arrived at [C]the airport in [D]time. 非选择题（共1小题，共30分） Ⅵ. 书面表达（共30分） 请将你所写的书面长达内容写在答题卡对应题号的答题区域内。 101. 北京冬奥会将于2022年举行。为了宣传冬奥会，普及奥运知识，弘扬奥运精神，校学生会现招募冬奥会志愿者，参与冬奥会期间的解说、服务等工作。假定你是李华，请结合以下内容提示，给负责人Mr. Sun写一封自荐信，表达你希望成为一名志愿者的愿望。 内容提示： 1. 喜欢体育运动。 2. 具备良好的英语交流沟通能力。 3. 能够宣传中国传统文化。 写作要求： 1. 字迹工整，语句通顺，条理清晰，可以适当展开。 2. 80~100词。自荐信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3. 文中请勿使用真实姓名和学校名称。 参考词汇：北京冬奥会Beijing Olympic Winter Games；传统文化traditional culture；志愿者volunteer；精通master；能力ability；交流communicate Dear Mr. Sun, I’m Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three. I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2021年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试 英语试题 选择题（共100小题，共120分） Ⅰ. 语音知识（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出画线部分读音与其他三项画线部分读音不同的选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. agree B. about C. above D. able 2. A. write B. wait C. want D. watch 3. A. picture B. cup C. cook D. certain 4. A. refuse B. regular C. repeat D. reply 5. A. school B. cheer C. cheap D. peach 6. A. music B. use C. must D. refuse 7. A. road B. float C. broad D. boat 8. A. make B. pad C. bat D. map 9. A. diet B. thief C. belief D. believe 10. A. foot B. blood C. wood D. book 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【1题详解】 考查元音字母的发音。A. agree /əˈɡriː/；B. about /əˈbaʊt/；C. above /əˈbʌv/；D. able /ˈeɪb(ə)l/。结合单词音标可知，D项划线部分发音是/eɪ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/ə/。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查辅音字母的发音。A. write /raɪt/；B.wait /weɪt/；C. want /wɒnt/；D. watch /wɒtʃ/。结合单词音标可知，A项划线部分不发音，其余各项划线部分发音都是/w/。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查辅音字母的发音。A. picture /ˈpɪktʃə(r)/；B. cup /kʌp/；C. cook /kʊk/；D. certain /ˈsɜːt(ə)n/。结合单词音标可知，D项划线部分发音是/s/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/k/。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查元音字母辅音字母组合的发音。A. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/；B. regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/；C. repeat /rɪˈpiːt/；D. reply /rɪˈplaɪ/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/re/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/rɪ/。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查辅音字母的发音。A. school /skuːl/；B. cheer /tʃɪə(r)/；C. cheap /tʃiːp/；D. peach /piːtʃ/。结合单词音标可知，A项划线部分发音是/k/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/tʃ/。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查元音字母的发音。A. music /ˈmjuːzɪk/；B. use /juːz/；C. must /mʌst/；D. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/。结合单词音标可知，C项划线部分发音是/ʌ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/juː/。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查元音字母组合的发音。A. road /rəʊd/；B. float /fləʊt/；C. broad /brɔːd/；D. boat /bəʊt/。结合单词音标可知，C项划线部分发音是/ɔː/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/əʊ/。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查元音字母的发音。A. make /meɪk/；B. pad /pæd/；C. bat /bæt/；D. map /mæp/。结合单词音标可知，A项划线部分发音是/eɪ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/æ/。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查元音字母组合的发音。A. diet /ˈdaɪət/；B. thief /θiːf/；C. belief /bɪˈliːf/；D. believe /bɪˈliːv/。结合单词音标可知，A项划线部分发音是/aɪə/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/iː/。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查元音字母组合的发音。A. foot /fʊt/；B. blood /blʌd/；C. wood /wʊd/；D. book /bʊk/。结合单词音标可知，B项划线部分发音是/ʌ/，其余各项划线部分发音都是/ʊ/。故选B。 Ⅱ. 词汇和语法（共两节，共40分） 第一节：词汇知识（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 11. If we help others, others will help us ________. A. in doubt B. in return C. in public D. in surprise 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：如果我们帮助别人，别人将会作为回报帮助我们。A. in doubt怀疑；B. in return作为回报；C. in public当众；D. in surprise惊讶地。根据“If we help others, others will help us...”并结合选项可知，此处意为“如果我们帮助别人，别人将会作为回报帮助我们”，故用in return。故选B。 12. Sometimes we even thank people who hurt us, ________ they teach us important things. A. because B. though C. before D. so 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：有时我们甚至会感谢那些伤害过我们的人，因为他们教会了我们重要的东西。A. because因为；B. though虽然；C. before在……之前；D. so因此。根据“Sometimes we even thank people who hurt us, ... they teach us important things.”可知，后句是前句的原因，存在明确的因果关系，故用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 13. We will celebrate ________ birthday of our Party this year. A. the hundred B. the hundredth C. hundred D. hundredth 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查序数词。句意：今年，我们将迎来我们党的百年诞辰。根据空后的“birthday”可知，此处表示“第一百个生日”，需使用序数词“hundredth”，且序数词前应加定冠词“the”。故选B。 14. Peking Opera has a history of ________ 200 years. A. more than B. no more C. rather than D. other than 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词短语。句意：京剧已有200多年历史。A. more than超过；B. no more不再；C. rather than而不是；D. other than除了。根据“Peking Opera has a history of ... 200 years.”可知，此处意为“京剧有超过 200 年的历史”。故选A。 15. My ________ is near our school, so my ________ needn’t worry about my safety. A. family; home B. home; families C. home; family D. families; home 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我家离学校很近，所以我的家人不必担心我的安全。home，可数名词，意为“家、住宅”；family，意为“家庭”时，是可数名词，复数形式是families；family意为“家人”时，单数和复数都是family。根据第一个空后的“near our school”可知，第一个空指的是住宅、房子home；“…needn’t worry about my safety”可知，第二个空指的是家人family。故选C。 16. This road ________ our village. A. leads B. leads to C. led D. led to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：这条路通向我们的村庄。lead to意为“通向”，固定短语；根据“This road ... our village.”可知，这是在陈述一个一般性的事实，用一般现在时，主语“this road”是第三人称单数，所以用“leads to”。故选B。 17. I don’t know ________ days it took me to get well. A. how many B. how much C. how D. what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查特殊疑问词引导宾语从句。句意：我不知道花了多少天才康复。A. how many多少，修饰名词复数；B. how much多少，修饰不可数名词；C. how如何；D. what什么。“days”是可数名词复数，要询问其数量，需用“how many”。故选A。 18. She ________ love writing. A. used to B. was used to C. is used to D. is used for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：她曾经喜欢写作。A. used to曾经；B. was used to被用来；C. is used to被用来；D. is used for用于。根据句意以及love writing可知，此处用used to do sth.表示“曾经喜欢写作”。故选A。 19. He ________ himself for being brave. A. take pride in B. is proud of C. are proud of D. taking pride in 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词短语和一般现在时。句意：他为自己的勇敢而骄傲。为……而骄傲：be proud of/take pride in；句子是一般现在时，根据主语he可知，动词用第三人称单数，即is proud of/takes pride in。故选B。 20. —Todd, ________ do your family go to the restaurant? —Once a week. A. how soon B. how long C. how far D. how often 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查疑问词。句意：—Tod，你们家多久去一次餐厅吃饭？—一周一次。A. how soon多快；B. how long多长时间；C. how far多远；D. how often多久一次。根据答句Once a week可知，此处询问频率，用how often。故选D。 21. I will ________ you ________ at 8 tomorrow morning. A. pick; out B. pick; up C. pick; off D. pick; on 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语句意：明天早上我8点来接你。A. pick out挑出；B. pick up中途搭乘；C. pick off摘去；D. pick on选中。根据宾语you和时间状语at 8 tomorrow morning可知，此处表示“中途搭乘某人”。故选B。 22. Finally, on a rainy morning he ________ Shenzhen. A. leave to B. left to C. leave for D. left for 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时和动词短语。句意：最终，在一个下雨的早晨，他启程前往深圳。leave for“前往”，固定短语；一般现在时中，主语是“he”，“leave”要用第三人称单数形式“leaves”，所以“A. leave to”和“C. leave for”不正确。“left”是“leave”的过去式，“left for”符合句子“Finally, on a rainy morning he ... Shenzhen.”的语境，表示在一个下雨的早上他动身去了深圳。故选D。 23. He isn’t a very tall boy but he is stronger than ________ in his class. A. any students B. any other student C. all the students D. every student 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查比较级及不定代词。句意：他个子不是很高，但比班里其他学生都壮。分析句子可知，该句表示在班级范围内，he和其他人的比较；比较级+than any other+单数名词，表示“比其他任何一个都……”。故选B。 24. Remember that ________ is more important than our safety and health. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词。句意：记住，没有什么比我们的安全和健康更重要。A. everything一切；B. something某物；C. nothing没有东西；D. anything任何事。分析句子可知，此处指我们的安全和健康最重要，没有什么会比它们更重要的了。故选C。 25. We will meet ________ next week. A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我们将于下周某个时候见面。A. some time一段时间；B. sometime某个时候；C. sometimes有时；D. some times几次。根据“We will meet ... next week.”可知，此处指“将来的某个时间见面”，用sometime。故选B。 26. The tourists ________ their sunglasses to protect their eyes. A. put off B. put up C. put away D. put on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：游客们都戴上太阳镜来保护眼睛。A. put off推迟；B. put up张贴，举起；C. put away收起来；D. put on戴上，穿上。根据“The tourists ... their sunglasses to protect their eyes.”可知，此处是“戴上眼镜”。故选D。 27. You have two choices. One is to go to college and ________ is to work right now. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：你有两个选择，一个是去上大学，另一个是现在就工作。A. other其他的；B. another另一个，再一个；C. the other两者中的另一个；D. others其他的人或物。根据“two choices”可知，此处是在两个当中进行选择，故表示“两者中的另一个”。故选C。 28. It is said that a storm is ________. A. in the way B. by the way C. on the way D. in no way 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：据说暴风雨就要来了。A. in the way挡道的；B. by the way顺便说一下；C. on the way在途中；D. in no way决不。根据“a storm”可知，暴风雨就要来了。故选C。 29. He promises not to ________ me ________ anymore. A. let; down B. break; down C. cut; down D. set; down 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他保证不会再让我失望。A. let down使……失望；B. break down出故障；C. cut down砍倒；D. set down放下。根据“He promises not to ... me ... anymore.”可知，此处意为“他保证不会再让我失望”，故用let down。故选A。 30. Ten days ________, he came back safe and well. A. late B. later C. latter D. lately 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：十天之后，他安全完好地回来了。A. late晚的，迟到的；B. later后来，之后；C. latter后者；D. lately近来。ten days later意为“十天之后”。故选B。 第二节：语法知识（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 从A、B、C、D四个项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 31. Changchun is ________ beautiful city in ________ northeast of China. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; an D. an; the 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词辨析。句意：长春是中国东北一座美丽的城市。根据“Changchun is ... beautiful city in ... northeast of China.”可知，第一空表泛指，表示“一个”，“beautiful”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”；第二空，“in the + 方位名词 + of...”表示“在……的……方向”，这里“northeast”是方位名词，前面要用定冠词“the”。故选A。 32. President Xi said in his speech that ________ come from the people and every ________ is unusual. A. hero; person B. heroes; person C. heroes; persons D. heros; person 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：习主席在讲话中说，英雄来自人民，每个人都是不平凡的。分析句子结构可知，“that ... come from the people and every ... is unusual.”是作宾语，从句是由“and”连接的两个并列的句子。第一个空的词语是宾语从句中的主语，“come from”是从句中的谓语，根据“come”可知，第一个空需用可数名词的复数形式，hero的复数形式是“heroes”。第二个空也是作主语，根据前后的“every”、“is”可知，第二个空是用名词单数形式。故选B。 33. China’s first vocational skills competition ________ in Guangzhou on December 10th in 2020. A. held B. is held C. hold D. was held 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：2020年12月10日，中国首届职业技能大赛在广州举行。分析句子可知，主语“China’s first vocational skills competition”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，即比赛是被举办的；又因为时间是“on December 10th in 2020”，是过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was held”。故选D。 34. People should sort their rubbish into groups, ________ they? A. shouldn’t B. should C. don’t D. do 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：人们应该把垃圾分类，不是吗？分析句子可知，这是反义疑问句，应遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，主句是people should，疑问句部分应用should’t they。故选A。 35. In winter, the weather in Changchun is colder than ________ in Beijing. A. that B. it C. this D. those 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：冬天，长春的天气比北京的天气冷。A. that那；B. it它；C. this这个；D. those那些。分析句子可知，本句完整的句子为：In winter, the weather in Changchun is colder than the weather in Beijing.这是一句含有比较级结构的句子，“在比较级结构中，常用those或者that来代替前面出现的名词”，weather是不可数名词，因此，可代指the weather的词语是that。故选A。 36. There was ________ with his car, so Mr. Smith had to walk to work last Friday. A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D. wrong something 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：史密斯先生的车出问题了，所以上周五他只能步行上班。anything任何事物，一般用于否定句和疑问句中；something某些事物，一般用于肯定句。分析句子可知，该句是肯定句，复合不定代词用something；形容词修饰复合不定代词，要后置，即something wrong。故选C。 37. It is very kind ________ you to be a volunteer to help do the work. A. of B. for C. by D. to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查it作形式主语的结构。句意：你做志愿者帮助做这项工作，真是太好了。固定结构“某人做了某事是怎样的”：It + be +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.(其中的形容词是用来描述这件事)；It + be +形容词+ of sb. to do sth.(其中的形容词用来描述人的品质或性格)。分析句子可知，此处的“kind”指的是“你人真好”，应用of。故选A。 38. She often leaves her handbag in the office. ________ poor memory she has! A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：她经常把手提包忘在办公室里。她的记性真差。感叹句的结构：What + a / an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语；What +形容词+可数名词复数 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语；How +形容词+主语+谓语。“memory”是可数名词，且是单数形式，此处需用What a。故选C。 39. Tom often makes his little sister ________, but he was made ________ by her yesterday. A. cry; cry B. cry; to cry C. to cry; cry D. to cry; to cry 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查使役动词。句意：汤姆经常让他的小妹妹哭，但他昨天被她逼哭了。make意为“使、让”时，用不定式做宾语补足语，但是通常都是直接省略to, make sb. do sth.让某人做某事；在变成被动语态的时候，要还原省略掉的to, 变成sb be made to do sth.被迫做某事。故此处应为：makes his sister cry；was made to cry。故选B。 40. Break-dancing has ________ an official Olympic event. A. become B. became C. becomes D. becoming 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：霹雳舞已成为奥运会正式比赛项目。现在完成时的结构为：have/has+动词过去分词；become“变成”，其过去分词是become。故选A项。 41. The busier the old man is, ________ he will be. A. happier B. the happier C. happy D. the happiest 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：老人越忙碌，就越快乐。根据“The busier the old man is, ... he will be.”可知，此处是“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，happy的比较级为happier，且前面需加上定冠词“the”。故选B。 42. —Who’s the boy standing at the school gate? —It ________ be John. He has gone to Dalian. A. may B. mustn’t C. won’t D. can’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—站在学校门口的那个男孩是谁?—不可能是约翰。他去大连了。A. may可能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. won’t不会；D. can’t不能、不会。根据“He has gone to Dalian”可知，站在学校门口的那个男孩不可能是约翰，因为他去大连了。在情态动词表示推测的用法中，can’t be不可能，表示有把握的否定推测。故选D。 43. Not until midnight ________ raining. A. it stopped B. it did stop C. did it stop D. do it stop 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：雨直到半夜才停。分析句子可知，not until引导的状语放在句首时，主句谓语动词要部分倒装，结构：助动词+主语+动词；本句是一般过去时，倒装部分应是did it stop。故选C。 44. He is an experienced teacher ________ by all his students. A. respect B. respected C. respecting D. to respect 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是一位经验丰富的教师，受到所有学生的尊敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词“is”,所以respect“尊敬”，为非谓语动词；且其与名词“teacher”之间是被动关系，此处用动词过去分词作后置定语。故选B项。 45. I don’t know ________ so many young people. A. why Luosifen is popular with B. why is Luosifen popular with C. why Luosifen does popular with D. why does Luosifen popular with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词短语和宾语从句。句意：我不知道为什么这么多年轻人喜欢螺蛳粉。be popular with“受……欢迎”，为形容词短语；分析句子可知，空处为宾语从句，要用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语”。故选A。 46. They are talking about the most moving film ________ was directed by a famous comedy actress. A. which B. who C. whom D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们正在谈论由一位著名喜剧女演员执导的最感人的电影。分析句子结构可知，“... was directed by a famous comedy actress”是定语从句，先行词是“the most moving film”，空格中需填的关系词在从句中作主语，根据“先行词由形容词最高级修饰，定语从句要用that引导”，此处应用that。故选D。 47. Many employees stayed ________ they worked during the Spring Festival holiday. A. where B. when C. why D. while 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：春节期间，很多员工仍留在工作岗位上。分析句子可知，“...they worked ”为地点状语从句，结合“stayed”这个词，其强调的是停留的位置，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故选A。 48. Each boy and each girl ________ playing outdoor games. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoys D. enjoying 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每个男生和每个女生都喜欢玩户外游戏。根据主语Each boy and each girl可知，each A and each B作主语时，谓语动词用单数；句子是一般现在时，应用enjoys。故选C。 49. Students are not allowed ________ mobile phones in primary and secondary schools. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中小学不允许学生携带手机。be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事，动词allow后接动词不定式作宾补，应用to bring。故选D。 50. If he ________ his work last week, he would have joined us in the match. A. finished B. had finished C. has finished D. have finished 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是上星期他做完工作了，那他就能跟我们参加比赛了。分析句意可知，本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。根据would have joined可知，该句表示对过去事实相反的假设，则从句用过去完成时had finished。故选B。 Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文下面所给各题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Have you ever seen a solar panel (太阳能电池板) in your neighborhood? Solar panels take energy from ____51____ sun and turn ____52____ into electricity. In the past ten years, the price of solar panels ____53____ down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now ____54____ form of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy ____55____ (给……供电) their homes. However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop ____56____ at night and ____57____ rainy days. Is it possible ____58____ them produce electricity all the time? Scientists at Suzhou University, China, ____59____ a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy _____60_____ from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then _____61_____ down, it creates friction (摩擦力) on the surface of the panel, _____62_____ can then be turned into electricity. Sun Baoquan is one of the _____63_____ . “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. It can even provide electricity at night if there _____64_____ rain. The solar panel, _____65_____, does not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan is still working hard _____66_____ it. The scientist _____67_____ wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as _____68_____ as clothing. The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels. Some have been _____69_____ on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying _____70_____ sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels (液体和气体燃料)。 51. A. a B. an C. the D. / 52. A. it B. them C. they D. that 53. A. went B. has gone C. have gone D. goes 54. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 55. A. powers B. powering C. powered D. to power 56. A. works B. working C. worked D. to work 57. A. at B. of C. in D. on 58. A. to make B. made C. making D. makes 59. A. has invented B. have invented C. were invented D. was invented 60. A. nor B. but also C. or D. and 61. A. rolled B. rolling C. roll D. rolls 62. A. which B. that C. why D. where 63. A. inventor B. invention C. inventors D. inventions 64. A. was B. were C. is D. an 65. A. however B. but C. though D. or 66. A. improves B. improved C. to improve D. improving 67. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 68. A. softer B. soft C. softest D. much softer 69. A. to work B. works C. worked D. working 70. A. to use B. used C. uses D. use 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D 56. B 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. B 61. D 62. A 63. C 64. C 65. A 66. C 67. B 68. B 69. D 70. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太阳能电池板的优缺点以及科学家们一直在改进太阳能电池板以及其在其他领域的应用。 【51题详解】 考查冠词辨析。句意：太阳能电池板从太阳获取能量并将其转化为电能。A. a一个；B. an一个；C. the这个； D. /不填。sun表示“太阳”，独一无二的事物前用定冠词the。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：太阳能电池板从太阳获取能量并将其转化为电能。A. it它；B. them他们，宾格；C. they他们，主格；D. that那个。分析句子可知，空格处指代前面的不可数名词“energy”，用单数宾格it。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的十年里，太阳能电池板的价格已经大幅下降。A. went去，是一般过去时；B. has gone去，是现在完成时；C. have gone去，是现在完成时；D. goes去，是一般现在时。根据“in the past ten years”可知，这是现在完成时的标志，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，主语“the price”是单数，所以用“has gone”。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：在世界的许多地方，太阳能现在是最便宜的电力形式。A. cheap便宜的，是形容词原级；B. cheaper更便宜的，是比较级；C. cheapest最便宜的，是最高级；D. the cheapest最便宜的，是最高级。根据“In many parts of the world, solar energy is now… form of electricity. (在世界的许多地方，太阳能现在是最便宜的电力形式。)”可知，此处表示在多种电力形式的比较中是最便宜的，故用形容词的最高级，形容词的最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的人已经开始使用太阳能来给他们的家供电。A. powers给……供电，是动词的第三人称单数形式；B. powering给……供电，是现在分词形式；C. powered给……供电，是过去分词形式；D. to power给……供电，是动词不定式。use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”，固定搭配，此处用动词不定式表示目的。故选D。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们在晚上停止工作。A. works工作，是第三人称单数形式；B. working工作，是动名词形式；C. worked工作，是过去式；D. to work工作，是动词不定式。“stop doing sth.”表示“停止做某事”，符合此处语境。所以选B。 【57题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在雨天它们也停止工作。A. at 通常用于表示具体的时间点；B. of 表示所属关系；C. in 通常用于较大的时间段；D. on 用于具体的某一天。根据“rainy days (雨天)”可知，此处是指具体某一天，用“on”。故选D。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：是否有可能让它们一直发电？A. to make让，是动词不定式；B. made让，是过去式或过去分词；C. making让，是现在分词；D. makes让，是第三人称单数形式。“It is possible to do sth.”是常见句型，表示“做某事是可能的”，这里需要用动词不定式。故选A。 【59题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国苏州大学的科学家们现在已经发明了一种新的太阳能电池板。A. has invented发明，现在完成时三单形式；B. have invented发明，现在完成时； C. were invented被发明，是被动语态的过去式；D. was invented被发明，是被动语态的过去式。主语为“Scientists”与谓语动词invent，为主动关系，用主动语态；且主语为是复数，故用have invented。故选 B。 【60题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：它不仅能从太阳能而且能从降雨中发电。A. nor也不； B. but also 而且；C. or或者；D. and 和。“not only...but also...”是固定搭配，表示“不但……而且……”。故选B。 【61题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：当雨滴落在太阳能电池板上然后滚落时。A. rolled滚动，是过去式；B. rolling滚动，是现在分词；C. roll滚动，是动词原形；D. rolls滚动，是第三人称单数形式。“and”连接的前后动词时态应一致，前面“falls”是一般现在时，所以这里也用一般现在时“rolls”。故选D。 【62题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它在电池板表面产生摩擦力，这可以转化为电能。A. which关系代词，在从句中作主宾表，可引导非限制性定语从句；B. that关系代词，在从句中作主宾表，不能引导非限制性定语从句。C. why关系副词，在从句中作原因状语；D. where关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。分析句子可知，“…can then be turned into electricity. (这可以转化为电能。)”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“friction”，在从句中作主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 【63题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：孙宝全是其中的发明家之一。A. inventor家； B. invention发明；C. inventors发明家；D. inventions发明。根据“Sun Baoquan is one of the… (孙宝全是其中的发明家之一。)”可知，此处是 “one of + 名词复数”结构，表示“……之一”，且空处指人，故填inventors。故选C。 【64题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：如果晚上有雨，它甚至可以供电。A. was是，是过去式。B. were是，是过去式，且用于复数。C. is是，是一般现在时；D. an一个，是不定冠词。根据“can”可知，此句为一般现在时，且主语“rain”是不可数名词，所以用“is”。故选C。 【65题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，太阳能电池板从降雨产生的电并不多。A. however 然而，通常用逗号与句子隔开。B. but 但是，直接连接句子。C. though 虽然，通常放在句首。D. or 或者，否则。根据“The solar panel,…, does not make much electricity from falling rain. (然而，太阳能电池板从降雨产生的电并不多。)”可知，空后有逗号，且表转折。故选 A。 【66题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：所以孙宝全仍在努力改进它。A. improves改进，是第三人称单数形式；B. improved改进，是过去式或过去分词；C. to improve改进，是动词不定式；D. improving改进，是现在分词。“work hard to do sth.”表示“努力做某事”。故选C。 【67题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位科学家也想让太阳能电池板更灵活,像衣服一样柔软。A. too也，通常放在句末，且用逗号隔开。B. also也，放在句中。C. either也，通常用于否定句。D. as well也，通常放在句末。根据“The scientist … wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as … as clothing. (这位科学家也想让太阳能电池板更灵活, 像衣服一样柔软。)”可知，此处“也”位于句子，故用also。故选B。 【68题详解】 考查形容词原级。句意：这位科学家也想让太阳能电池板更灵活,像衣服一样柔软。A. softer更柔软的，是比较级；B. soft柔软，是原级；C. softest最柔软，是最高级；D. much softer柔软的多，是比较级。“as + 形容词原级 + as”表示“和……一样……”，故此处用形容词的原级。故选B。 【69题详解】 考查现在完成进行时。句意：一些人一直在致力于研究将太阳能电池板和风力发电结合的方法。A. to work 是动词不定式；B. works 是第三人称单数形式；C. worked 是过去式或过去分词；D. working 是现在分词。根据“Some have been … on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. (一些人一直在致力于研究将太阳能电池板和风力发电结合的方法。)”可知，此处是现在完成进行时，“have been + 现在分词”构成现在完成进行时。故选D。 【70题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人一直在努力利用阳光生产液体和气体燃料。A. to use使用，是动词不定式；B. used使用，是过去式或过去分词；C. uses使用，是第三人称单数形式；D. use使用，是动词原形。“try to do sth.”表示“努力做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文下面每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Passage A In a faraway country, there were two carpenters (木匠) who were both so good at their work that no one could tell who was the better. One day, the country’s king thought of a way to find out which one was the better. He would have them compete against each other in a contest. The winner would become the official royal (皇家的) carpenter. The king sent for the two carpenters and the contest began. The carpenters were given three days to carve (雕刻) a wooden mouse. Whoever carved the most lifelike mouse would be the winner. The first carpenter carved a fine mouse with vivid (生动的) and lifelike features. The second carpenter’s mouse, however, looked quite rough. In fact, it barely even looked like a mouse at all. The king and his ministers (大臣) agreed that the first carpenter was the winner. The second carpenter said, “This judgment is unfair. We should ask a cat which mouse looks more realistic. Cats can recognize mice much better than humans, after all.” The king thought this was a reasonable (合理的) point. He ordered his ministers to catch several cats and bring them to judge the carpenters’ mice. Surprisingly, all of the cats were attracted to the second carpenter’s mouse. The king asked the second carpenter, “How did you make the cats believe that your mouse looked more real?” The carpenter said, “Your Majesty, if you look closely, you can see that I carved a mouse holding a fishbone! The cats don’t care about how real it looks, but how delicious it might taste.” 71. Who would have the two carpenters compete against each other in a contest? A. The first carpenter. B. The second carpenter. C. The king. D. The ministers. 72. To tell who was the better, the king asked the two carpenters to ________. A. carve a wooden mouse B. carve a cat C. carve a fishbone D. carve anything 73. The interlined word “rough” in Paragraph 4 may mean “________”. A. 精巧的 B. 粗糙的 C. 精美的 D. 逼真的 74. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A. the first carpenter carved a rough mouse B. the second carpenter was the winner at first C. the cats believed that the first carpenter’s mouse looked more real D. the second carpenter’s mouse held a fishbone 75. Which is the best title for this passage? A. A contest between two carpenters B. It takes more than skill to win C. Cats and mice D. The king and the ministers 【答案】71. C 72. A 73. B 74. D 75. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两名木匠比赛雕刻的故事。 71题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day, the country’s king thought of a way to find out which one was the better. He would have them compete against each other in a contest. (有一天，这个国家的国王想出了一个办法来找出哪一个更好。他会让他们在比赛中互相竞争。)”可知，是国王让两个木匠在比赛中互相比试。故选C。 【72题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The carpenters were given three days to carve (雕刻) a wooden mouse. (木匠们被要求在三天内雕刻一只木老鼠。)”可知为了判断谁更好，国王让两个木匠雕刻一只木制老鼠。故选A 【73题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The first carpenter carved a fine mouse with vivid (生动的) and lifelike features. The second carpenter’s mouse, however, looked quite rough. (第一个木匠雕刻了一只精美的老鼠，栩栩如生。然而，第二个木匠的老鼠看起来很粗糙。)”并结合“however (然而)”前后句子意思相对的规律可知，划线的单词rough的意思是“粗糙的”。故选B。 【74题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Your Majesty, if you look closely, you can see that I carved a mouse holding a fishbone! (陛下，如果你仔细观察，你会发现我雕刻了一只拿着鱼骨的老鼠！)”可知，从这篇文章，我们可以了解到，第二个木匠的老鼠拿着一根鱼刺。故选D。 【75题详解】 主旨大意题。A. A contest between two carpenters两个木匠之间的比赛；B. It takes more than skill to win赢得胜利需要的不仅仅是技巧；C. Cats and mice猫和老鼠；D. The king and the ministers国王和大臣们。通读全文，这篇文章讲述了两位木匠通过比赛雕刻一只老鼠来评判出谁是最好的木匠。第一个木匠雕刻的老鼠活灵活现，而第二个木匠雕刻的老鼠很粗糙。第二个木匠建议捉一些猫过来判断，毕竟猫比人类更能辨识出谁是最好的老鼠，令人惊讶的是，所有的猫都对第二个雕刻老鼠感兴趣，是因为第二个木匠所雕刻的老鼠拿着猫最感兴趣的鱼骨，由此可知，想要获胜有时候需要的不仅仅是技巧。故选B。 Passage B When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now,” CNN says, “it’s the Arctic’s turn.” German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1,800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow. How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in. Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk. Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they low over long distance and into our oceans hurting ecosystems along the way. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that were eating the plastic as well. 76. What did German scientists find recently according to the passage? A. They found that the Arctic was an icy land. B. They found microplastics in Arctic snow. C. They found that the Arctic was the last really clean place left on earth. D. They found rubbish in the ocean. 77. Which of the following statements about microplastics is NOT true? A. They are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. B. Most of them in the snow come from the air. C. They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by fish. D. People may breathe them in. 78. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ________. A. our bodies can take in “large” pieces of microplastics B. microplastics can stay in our bodies for a long time C. microplastics may decrease lung cancer risk D. microplastics can’t be bad for our health 79. Where can microplastics be found? A. In rivers and oceans. B. In some sea animals. C. In wastewater. D. All of the above. 80. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Don’t eat fish any more. B. Be careful when in the Arctic. C. Scientists didn’t find microplastics in the Arctic. D. Plastic pollution is serious. 【答案】76. B 77. C 78. B 79. D 80. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。 【76题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. (德国科学家最近在北极的雪中发现了微塑料。)”可知，德国科学家最近在北极的雪中发现了微塑料。故选B。 77题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. (它们从塑料制品上掉下来，像灰尘一样被风吹走。)”可知，它们是被风移动，而非被鱼移动。故选C。 【78题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. (然而，如果塑料足够小，它们就能进入我们的身体，并在那里停留很长时间，这对我们的健康有害。)”可知，微塑料可以在我们体内停留很长时间。故选B。 【79题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. They sat in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea where they are eaten by sea animals. (在世界各地的河流和海洋中也发现了微塑料。它们存在于我们的废水中，然后流入河流和海洋，被海洋动物吃掉。)”可知，在河流和海洋中，废水中和在一些海洋动物中，可以找到微塑料。故选D。 【80题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了塑料污染的严重性，包括在北极雪中发现微塑料以及其对健康和环境的潜在危害。故选D。 Passage C Jiaozi, also known as Chinese dumplings, is a must-have during holidays in Northern China. It dates back to ancient times. Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year. Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots (银锭), it symbolizes (象征) wealth. Traditionally, the members of a family get together to make dumplings on New Year’s Eve. They may hide a coin in one of the dumpling. The person who finds the coin will be likely to have good luck. As the Spring Festival makes the start of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi in the hope of having a good future in the coming new year. Based on your taste, you can make different kinds of Chinese dumplings using different fillings. There is no set rule as to what makes dumpling fillings. They can be anything from vegetables, meat or seafood. Whatever the fillings are, the wrapping (包) skill needs to be exquisite (精美的) to make jiaozi good-looking. As China is a country with territory (幅员辽阔) , there are differences in different areas in ways of making jiaozi or even serving it. For example dumpling wrappers (饺子皮) are made with a rolling stick in Beijing and Hebei province, while in some parts of Inner Mongolia, wrappers are hand-pressed. 81. When did Chinese people probably begin to have jiaozi? A. In recent years. B. In ancient times. C. Several years ago. D. From last holiday. 82. What does jiaozi symbolize? A. Wealth. B. Gold. C. Silver ingots. D. Good luck. 83. From Paragraph 2, we can know the following EXCEPT ________. A. Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year B. Jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots C. The members of a family get together to make dumplings on New Year’s Eve D. The person who finds the coin must be lucky 84. What can be used to make dumpling fillings? A. Only vegetables. B. Only meat. C. Anything from vegetables, meat or seafood. D. Only seafood. 85. How are dumpling wrappers made in some parts of Inner Mongolia? A. Wrappers are hand-pressed. B. Wrappers are made with a rolling stick. C. Wrappers are made with a coin. D. Wrappers are made with gold. 【答案】81. B 82. A 83. D 84. C 85. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统美食——饺子的相关知识。 【81题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It dates back to ancient times. (它可以追溯到古代。)”可知，中国人在古代就开始吃饺子。故选B项。 【82题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots, it symbolizes wealth. (由于饺子的形状是中国古代的金或银锭，它象征着财富。)”可知，饺子象征着财富。故选A项。 【83题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The person who finds the coin will be likely to have good luck. (找到硬币的人可能会有好运气。)”可知，找到硬币的人有可能有好运气，而不是一定会好运。故选D项。 【84题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They can be anything from vegetables, meat or seafood. (它们可以是蔬菜、肉类或海鲜。)”可知，饺子的陷可以用蔬菜、肉类或海鲜等。故选C项。 【85题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“For example dumpling wrappers (饺子皮) are made with a rolling stick in Beijing and Hebei province, while in some parts of Inner Mongolia, wrappers are hand-pressed. (例如，在北京和河北，饺子皮是用擀面杖制作的，而在内蒙古的一些地区，饺子皮是手工压制的。)”可知，内蒙古的部分地区饺子皮是手工压制的。故选A项。 Passage D Hello, everyone! I’d like to tell you something about a famous scientist named Qian Xuesen. He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, on December 11,1911. After he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he got a chance to study in the USA. After he graduated, he became a teacher as well as a researcher who studied rockets and missile (导弹) theories. When he was 44, he returned to our motherland and at that time our country’s space research was almost a blank. In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs that he was honored as “The Father of China’s Missiles”. We Chinese people are proud of him. He passed away on October 31, 2009 at the age of 98, but we Chinese people will remember him forever. His devotion to our country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my success is in China and my destination is in China!” When someone said he could make much more money if he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said, “My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” His spirit always encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to her. 86. When was Qian Xuesen born? A. In 1956. B. In 1934. C. In 1911. D. In 1944. 87. What did Qian Xussen do when he was 44? A. He returned to our motherland. B. He graduated from university. C. He got a chance to study in the USA. D. He set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. 88. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai. B. Qian Xuesen studied rockets and missile theories before he graduated in the USA. C. Qian Xuesen was honored as “The Father of China’s Missiles”. D. Qian Xuesen had made much more money in the United States. 89. What does the underlined sentence mean in the third paragraph? A. He doesn’t like his family name. B. He doesn’t like money. C. He likes his name. D. He likes money. 90. What can we learn from this passage? A. We should study hard. B. We should earn more money. C. We should go abroad. D. We should love our country and devote ourselves to her. 【答案】86. C 87. A 88. C 89. B 90. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了钱学森的个人事迹，他对导弹和航天事业做出了如此重大的贡献。 【86题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, on December 11,1911. (1911年12月11日出生于浙江杭州。)”可知，钱学森出生于1911年。故选C。 【87题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When he was 44, he returned to our motherland and at that time our country’s space research was almost a blank. (当他44岁的时候，他回到了我们的祖国，当时我们国家的太空研究几乎是一片空白。)”可知，钱学森44岁时，返回了祖国。故选A。 【88题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He made such important contributions to the missile and space programs that he was honored as “The Father of China’s Missiles”. (他为导弹和航天事业做出了重要贡献，被誉为“中国导弹之父”。)”可知，钱学森被尊称为“中国导弹之父”。故选C。 【89题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“My family name is Qian, but I don’t like qian. (我姓钱，但是我不喜欢钱。)”可知，这句话表明他不在意金钱。故选B。 90题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“His spirit always encourages us to love our country and devote ourselves to her. (他的精神总是鼓励我们爱我们的国家，为她奉献自己。)”可知，我们从这篇文章中应学到要热爱国家并为之奉献。故选D。 Ⅴ. 单句识错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出有错误的一项，并在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 下列各句中都有一处错误，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出有错误的一项。 91. We all [A]know [B]that he [C]is [D]a honest boy. 92. [A] Have you [B]finished [C]wash the [D]dishes? 93. The meeting [A]was [B]took [C]place as [D]planned. 94. He is two [A] years [B]more [C]older than [D]me. 95. [A] Recently, he [B]has made [C]great [D]progresses. 96. [A] Once [B]upon a time, [C]there [D]lives a rich man. 97. He [A] found it [B]difficulty to [C]understand [D]the article. 98. His story [A] was so [B]interesting [C]that we were all [D]interesting in it. 99. The red [A] apples [B]in the tree [C]look very [D] nice. 100. [A] Lucky, we [B]arrived at [C]the airport in [D]time. 【答案】91. D 92. C 93. A 94. B 95. D 96. D 97. B 98. D 99. B 100. A 【解析】 【91题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们都知道他是一个诚实的男孩。honest的音标是,它是元音音素开始的单词，所以要用定冠词，D项应为an。故选D。 【92题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你洗完了碟子了吗？“finish doing sth.” 是一个固定短语，意为“完成某事”，用动名词作宾语。所以finish之后要用washing，C项应为washing。故选C。 【93题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：会议按原计划举行。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是took place,它是take place的过去式，此短语无被动语态，在它的前面不能加上be动词was，所以要删除A项的was。故选A。 【94题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：他比我大2岁。B项的more不能修饰比较级older，所以要删除B项的more。故选B。 【95题详解】 考查不可数名词。句意：近来，他已经取得很大的进步。D项的progress是一个不可数名词，意为“进步”，不可数名词没有复数形式。所以D项应为progress。故选D。 【96题详解】 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：从前，那里住着一个有钱的人。根据句子前面的时间状语“Once upon a time”意为“从前”可知，谓语动词的动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时。所以D项应为lived。故选D。 【97题详解】 考查形容词作宾补。句意：他发现理解这篇文章很难。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是He，谓语是found，后面的it作形式宾语，不定式短语to understand the article作真正的宾语，因此it后面应使用形容词作宾补，而difficulty是名词，其形容词是difficult。所以B项的difficulty应为difficult。故选B。 【98题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：他的故事是如此有趣以至于我们都对它很感兴趣。interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”，修饰物。interested形容词，意为“感到有趣的”，修饰人，这里修饰we，所以D项应为interested。故选D。 【99题详解】 考查介词。句意：树上的红苹果看起来非常好。“in the tree”是指外来的人或物在树上,“on the tree”是指树本身生长的东西，如果实、树枝等在树上,所以此句中要用“on the tree”表示长在树上的苹果，B项应为on。故选B。 【100题详解】 考查副词作状语。句意：幸运的是我们及时到达了机场。Lucky是一个形容词，这里要用副词Luckily作状语，修饰后面的句子。所以要A项应为Luckily。故选A。 非选择题（共1小题，共30分） Ⅵ. 书面表达（共30分） 请将你所写的书面长达内容写在答题卡对应题号的答题区域内。 101. 北京冬奥会将于2022年举行。为了宣传冬奥会，普及奥运知识，弘扬奥运精神，校学生会现招募冬奥会志愿者，参与冬奥会期间的解说、服务等工作。假定你是李华，请结合以下内容提示，给负责人Mr. Sun写一封自荐信，表达你希望成为一名志愿者的愿望。 内容提示： 1. 喜欢体育运动。 2. 具备良好的英语交流沟通能力。 3. 能够宣传中国传统文化。 写作要求： 1. 字迹工整，语句通顺，条理清晰，可以适当展开。 2. 80~100词。自荐信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3. 文中请勿使用真实姓名和学校名称。 参考词汇：北京冬奥会Beijing Olympic Winter Games；传统文化traditional culture；志愿者volunteer；精通master；能力ability；交流communicate Dear Mr. Sun, I’m Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three. I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Mr. Sun, I’m Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three. I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer. I love sports and often take an active part in various kinds of sports activities. I possess a remarkable ability to communicate in English fluently, which allows me to offer substantial help to foreign guests. Besides, I am well-versed in traditional Chinese culture and have the capacity to introduce it to them vividly. I am convinced that I can fulfill my duties as a volunteer perfectly through my dedication and capabilities. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责人Mr. Sun写一封自荐信，表达自己希望成为一名志愿者的愿望。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 喜爱：love→be fond of 参加：take part in→participate in 不同的：various→diverse 此外：besides→ what’s more 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m Li Hua from Class One, Senior Three. 拓展句：I’m Li Hua who is from Class One, Senior Three. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I possess a remarkable ability to communicate in English fluently, which allows me to offer substantial help to foreign guests. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 I am convinced that I can fulfill my duties as a volunteer perfectly through my dedication and capabilities. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$