13.Unit 4 Starting out & Understanding ideas（课件+练习）-【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂(外研版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 4 Meeting the muse Starting out & Understanding ideas 外研版2019必修第一册 1.set...in motion 使……开始 (教材原句)These sights set Hofman’s idea for Floating Fish in motion. 这些画面让霍夫曼渐渐浮现创作《浮鱼》的念头。 They set the new campaign to save food in motion. 他们开展新的节约食物的运动。 I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. 我经常早早离开,寻找合适的目的地,这样我就可以早点准备好,避免错过我想要拍摄的那一刻。 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. 当我向哈雷纳森林出发时,太阳开始下山了。 【知识拓展】 set an example to...　为……树立榜样 set aside 留出;把……置于一边 set off 出发,动身;使爆炸 set out to do sth. 开始;着手做某事 set about doing sth. 着手做某事 set up 开办;建立;设立 【知识微练】单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Practicing positive self talk can help us set actions ___ motion that will bring us greater rewards. ②Those Olympic athletes have set an example ___ us. ③With the stadium set ____, a wide range of sports events are able to be held. ④Our school appeals to the students to set ______ at least one hour every day to take exercise. in to up aside ⑤政府必须找出解决国家经济问题的办法。 The government must ________________________to the country’s economic problems.(set about)   →The government must ______________________to the country’s economic problems.(set out)  set about finding solutions set out to find solutions 2.compose v.组成,构成; 作曲,创作(音乐) In addition, the story that Beethoven continued composing after he went deaf moved me too. 另外,贝多芬失聪后继续创作的故事也打动了我。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light.为了理解一幅画,我们被教导要寻找颜色、构图和光线。 Life is composed of all the little things we experience every day, and knowing how to find joy in some of those little things is one of the easiest ways to let happiness slowly fill your cup.生活是由我们每天所经历的小事组成的,知道如何从这些小事中找到快乐是让幸福慢慢满足你的需求的最简单的方法之一。 【知识拓展】 (2)composer 　　n.创作者;作曲者;作曲家 (3)composition n.作曲;创作;写作;成分 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mozart, a great __________(compose), composed his last opera shortly before his death. ②At music school I studied piano and ____________(compose). ③The committee ____________________________________doctors, academics and members of the public.  该委员会由医生、学者和公众组成。 ④(熟词生义)I was so confused that I could hardly compose my thoughts. (compose v.________) composer composition is composed of/is made up of/consists of 使镇静 3.inspire vt. 激发;鼓舞;启发思考;使产生 (教材原句)What inspires you? 什么启发了你? He inspired me to seize the chance to know more about my opponent. 他鼓励我抓住这个机会更多地了解对手。 These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.这些小型研究提供了灵感,也许是将来更复杂作品的跳板。 【知识拓展】 (1)inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事 inspire sb.with sth.= inspire sth.in sb. 　　　　　　以……激励某人,激起某人的…… (2)inspired adj.受到鼓舞的;得到启示的;卓越的 (3)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的 (4)inspiration n.灵感;激励 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and tried to ask some _________ (inspire) questions. ②The admiration and respect his uncle earned _________ (inspire) Nielsen to make a career in acting. ③Yesterday, _________(inspire) by his speech,I decided to study medicine in college. ④Genius is one percent ___________(inspire) and ninety-nine percent perspiration. ⑤ Her trust in me has _________________things that I never imagined possible.  她对我的信任激励着我去尝试本以为不可能的事。 inspiring inspired inspired inspiration inspired me to do 4.influence n.&v. 影响 (教材原句)Here we find out more about the influences behind the successes of three very different artists.下面,我们进一步发掘了三位大不相同的艺术家成功背后的影响因素。 With one small gesture, you may not only spread love but also positively influence others’ lives. 凭借一个小小的举动,你不仅可以传播爱,而且可以积极地影响别人的生活。 【知识拓展】 (1)influence sb.to do sth. 　影响某人去做某事 under the influence of... 在……的影响下 have (an) influence on/upon... 对……有影响 (2)influential adj.有影响(力)的 be influential in (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有影响 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Johnson was ___________(influence) in persuading the producers to put money into the film. ② We ______________(influence) by people around us more or less.  ③ ___________(influence)by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈),the World Heals project.  ④What influenced you __________(choose)a career in nursing?  ⑤His inspiring words ________________________________________me.  他鼓舞人心的话对我有很大影响。 influential are influenced Influenced to choose have a great influence/effect/impact on/upon 5.recognise vt.认出, 识别; 正式承认;认可, 认定(=recognize) Shanghai may be the recognized home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。 This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. 这种识别一个形状需要朝特定方向旋转才能装进盒子的能力被称为“非自我中心参考系”。 China is recognised as a world leader in the development of artificial intelligence and facial recognition systems. 中国在人工智能和人脸识别系统方面的发展是公认的世界领先者。 【知识拓展】 (1)recognise sb./one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised as 被认作……/被认为是…… It is recognised that... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n.认出;认识 beyond recognition 认不出来 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Komodo National Park, officially ___________(recognize)in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. ②The city has changed __________________since I was last here.  自我上次来这儿,这个城市已经变得认不出来了。 recognized beyond recognition ③人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们所面临的最严重 的问题之一。 → ___________________environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.  →Environmental pollution __________________________one of the most serious problems that people face.  It is recognized that has been recognized as/to be 6.Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations.霍夫曼《浮鱼》的灵感源自世代相传的中国民间故事。  [句式解构] 本句是一个简单句,passed down through the generations是动词-ed形式短语作定语,修饰Chinese folk tales,相当于定语从句which/that have been passed down through the generations。 My mother sensing my pain told me that the words expressed by the teacher were right. 我母亲感觉到了我的痛苦,告诉我老师说的话是对的。 【要点提示】 (1)动词-ed形式(短语)作定语,与被修饰词之间通常在逻辑上是被动关系,且表示动作已完成或表示现存的状态。有时也仅仅表示动作的完成,如fallen leaves。 (2)单个动词-ed形式作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的前面;动词-ed形式短语作定语放在被修饰词的后面。 (3)动词-ing形式(短语)作定语,与被修饰词之间是主动关系,且强调动作正在进行。 (4)动词不定式作定语时,强调动作发生在将来。另外,有些名词后面通常接动词不定式作定语,如:wish, goal, aim, purpose, ability, chance, way等。 【知识微练】单句语法填空 ①The man __________(observe) stars on the top of the building was my uncle. ②His aim ___________(become) a gold medalist at the Olympics came true.  ③The man __________(admit) to hospital for a serious disease was our manager. ④(2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a community with a ________(share) future for mankind. observing to become admitted shared 7.turn to 转向;变成;求助于;致力于;开始行动 (教材原句)One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys. 他的孩子们的玩具是他的一个灵感来源。 Whenever you are in trouble, don’t hesitate to turn to me for help. 有困难时,尽管找我帮忙,不要犹豫。 【知识拓展】 turn against　　背叛;和……敌对 turn away 把……打发走;避开;解雇;走开 turn over 考虑;思索;翻过来 turn up 把声音开大;出来;来临;露面 turn out 生产;结果是;证明是 turn down 拒绝;调小音量 turn on 打开,发动 turn...into 把……变成 【知识微练】完成句子 ①Through hard work and perseverance, she was able to __________________________ and achieve great success in her chosen field.  通过努力工作和毅力,她能够将梦想变为现实,并在她选择的领域取得巨大成功。 ②He __________the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.  他求助于森林部门,但被告知那里什么都长不出来。 ③ It ___________that he was the best man for the job.结果证明,他是那个工作的最佳 人选。  ④I’m not going to ___________an invitation to go to New York!  我不打算拒绝去纽约的邀请。 turn her dreams into reality turned to turned out turn down 8.on display 展出,陈列 (教材原句)Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large sculptures are on display all over the world.弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家,他创作的大型雕塑在世界各地进行展出。 Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day. 虽然两个人都没有赢得比赛,但是人类善良的表现赢得了胜利。 【知识拓展】 (1)display 　　　　n.展览,陈列,展示;表演 v.展示,陈列;显示(信息) display sth.to sb. 向某人展示某物 (2)on display=on show=on exhibition 在展览,在展出 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Students’ works ________________(display)at the event to be held next week.  ②The artist ___________________________.  那位艺术家向粉丝们展示了他的作品。 ③His pictures __________________________________ at the art gallery at the moment.  他的画现在正在博物馆展出。 will be displayed displayed his works to his fans are on display/ on show/ on exhibition 9.bring out出版,生产;使显示;说出 (教材原句)My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring out the Dai women’s beauty. 我的舞蹈源自他们的传统信仰,同时也致力于展现傣族女性的美。 After the teacher brought out the meaning of the poem, the students began to recite it. 老师揭示了这首诗的意义后,学生们开始背诵它。 【知识拓展】 bring up　　　　抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐 bring about 引起;产生;导致 bring down 使倒下;降低 bring in 带进来;有收获 bring back 使想起 bring sth.back to life 使……恢复生机 【知识微练】单句语法填空 ①I have three part-time jobs, which bring ___ about ￡14,000 a year. ②The 20th century brought ______ revolutionary changes in our lifestyles. ③His parents died when he was young, and he was brought ____ by his aunt. ④Sometimes it takes a crisis to bring ____ the best in people. ⑤The photos brought ______ lots of good memories. in about up out back $$ Unit 4 Meeting the muse Starting out & Understanding ideas 一、单词拼写 1．That f song has been handed down through generations. 2．Mozart，who c a large number of famous pieces during his lifetime, finished his last opera shortly before he died. 3．Their love story sounds like a fairy t . 4．The scene moved him to c a poem. 5．The voluntary body is c of individuals from 46 universities in Zhejiang. 6．There are many trees near the lake, so a lot of leaves f on the water when the wind blows. 7．You see also some fish sculpted on the wall. These sights set Hofman’s idea for Floating Fish in m . 8．Regarded as a promising composer, can you tell me how to c ? 9．Charles and Kate are both D . 10．A sentence is c of several words put together. 11．You can f very easily in the Dead Sea because it’s so salty. 12．In Chinese f stories, foxes can turn into very charming women and put men at their mercy. 13．Mozart is a great musician who c music worth remembering. (to write music) 14．Life is c of many elements, such as family, friends, study, entertainment and so on. 15．A piece of wood is f on the river. 16．Facing so confusing situation, the young boy hardly c his thoughts. 17．Some leaves were f on the still lake. 18．The cartoon movie tells the t of the well-known Chinese heroine Hua Mulan. 19．He described it as an extraordinarily tangled and complicated t . 20．She began to c songs at an early age. 21．Do not open the door when the train is in m . 22．These plants f on the surface of the water. 23．A boy and a girl are going to play a role play game based on a story about prince and p . 24．“Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma(教条) —which is living with the results of other people’s thinking” is a famous q by the late CEO of Apple, Steve Jobs. 二、完成句子 25．The most important thing to the company is to (引入) new equipment. 26．It’s said that his new song came from a poem. （据说他的新歌的灵感来源于一首诗。) 27．The famous poet began to (创作诗歌) at the age of 10. 28．Born into a family with brothers and sisters, Monty was (抚养) to value the sense of sharing. 29．His pictures (在陈列中) at the art gallery at the moment. 30．Data about the moon’s (compose) could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 31．During the walk and my stay here in the town, I (看到鱼被喂) by people.(感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 32．I don’t clearly remember who (提出) the question but I clearly remember it (引起) a heated discussion. 33．As is known to us, such a thing as a shortcut in English study. (众所周知，英语学习没有捷径。) 34．The school aims to guide and help students to (快乐地生活)． 35．There’s no reason for him (拒绝这一建议). 36．The picture often (使想起) to me many happy memories of my high school days. 37．The government has taken measures to (降低)the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable. 38． (女孩苏醒过来)，an air of delight and excitement settled over the crowd. 39．After the earthquake，the villagers tried their best to (使村庄恢复活力)． 40．Write home as often as possible (以便) relieve your mother from anxiety. 41．I have always been regarded as a foreigner by （当地人）。 42．When I took the path and ran past Mr Frankland’s house, I (看到他正站在) at the gate. 43．Does television adequately reflect the (民族和文化的多样性) of the country? 三、阅读理解 1 What inspires you? Every artist’s wish is to create something that expresses an idea. But where do artists get their ideas from? Who or what inspires them? Here we find out more about the influences behind the successes of three very different artists. Florentijn Hofman, visual artist Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys. These objects have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, which was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone. Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations. He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”. This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there. “During the walk and my stay here in the town, I saw the fish being fed by people. You see also some fish sculpted on the wall. ” These sights set Hofman’s idea for Floating Fish in motion. Tan Dun, composer “There is no territory in the world of music. ” These are the words of Chinese composer Tan Dun. He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. To listen to Tan’s music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. Since his first opera, Nine Songs, Tan Dun has been using a combination of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories. As Tan once said, Chinese music should carry “universal expression” of the human spirit so as to be recognised by the whole world. Yang Liping, dancer Yang Liping’s passion is dancing. After winning a national competition in 1986 with her Spirit of the Peacock dance, she has been known as the “Peacock Princess”. The inspiration for her famous dances has come from the time she spent in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. “I feel very grateful for the years in Xishuangbanna,” says Yang. “It gave me a chance to go deeper into the lives of various ethnic groups. . . Our ethnic groups, especially the Dai people, admire the peacock. They think the peacock represents the beauty of nature. I especially like the dance style of the Dai people and it gives me lots of inspiration. My dance comes from their traditional belief and aims to bring out the Dai women’s beauty. ” 44．Hofman’s inspiration for Rubber Duck comes from ________. A．Chinese folk tales B．Chinese musical traditions C．His children’s toys D．His life in Wuzhen 45．How did Hofman get his inspiration for Floating Fish? A．By living with the Dai people. B．Through his experience in Wuzhen. C．By turning to his children’s toys. D．By observing the fish carefully. 46．From the passage we can learn that Tan Dun ________. A．composed music for many films B．combines Chinese musical traditions with Western influences C．took part in the 2008 Beijing Olympics D．wrote his first song Nine Songs many years ago 47．Where does Yang Liping’s inspiration for her famous dances come from? A．The dance style of the Dai people. B．The Dai women’s beauty. C．Various ethnic groups. D．The beauty of nature. 48．Which is Yang Liping’s famous work? A．Spirit of the Peacock. B．Floating Fish. C．Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. D．Nine Songs. 49．What do the three artists’ have in common? A．They all are dancers. B．They all come from China. C．They have the same lives experiences. D．Their inspiration all comes from their lives and experiences. 2 Artist Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell clearly remembers the day in high school when the teacher asked her to write about her family history. She saw that it was impossible to answer the questions “Who am I?” and “Where did I come from?” Nzinga Terrell told VOA about her childhood memories.“So the white kids were able to get up and talk about hundreds of years of their background. And there was me and one other black kid in the class who could go back to a plantation in Virginia and that’s it.” She talked about her family’s history. “My people were brought here on the bottom of a ship. And they were sold and they were re-named.My dad’s side of the family took the last name of the job that they had,which is butlers. My mom’s side of the family took the last name of the plantation that owned them.” Today,she and her husband, artist James Terrell, explore that identity in their work. Their new exhibit of paintings is called “Born at the Bottom of the Ship.” The show recently opened at the Center for the Arts in Manassas, Virginia. Over the generations, Africans became African Americans with a new culture, and Nzinga Terrell includes different parts of that story in her art. There are things that look like African cloth and design and things that make you think of American culture and clothing. James Terrell’s style is more abstract. “Mami Wata”, the first painting visitors see in the new exhibit, shows a woman rising from the ocean. Terrell explains the painting.“Mami Wata is a goddess of the sea...There’s no light going through;there’s not a lot of colour being seen, as opposed to the other ones. So, it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.” But the artist says he also likes to play with colour.Growing up, Terrell attended a church with coloured glass in many windows. Because of that experience, he learned how light goes through the windows. He makes lines in his painting that look like the lines between pieces of coloured glass in the church windows. Terrell’s works show how he sees himself as an African American. Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works. 50．When young,Nzinga Terrell’s memory of her family dates back to 　　　. A．the time when the slaves were sold and re-named B．the time when she was born at the bottom of a ship C．the time when the black slaves were brought to America D．the time when her family worked on a plantation in Virginia 51．How did Nzinga Terrell’s father get his family name? A．It was named after a plantation. B．It was named after their owner’s name. C．It was named after the job the family did. D．It was named long ago after a place in Africa. 52．What’s the painting “Mami Wata” like? A．It’s typical of native American style. B．It reflects a dark time of the black slaves. C．It’s abstract with rich and bright colours. D．It describes a church James once attended. 53．How do the visitors probably feel seeing Terrell’s works? A．Strange. B．Curious. C．Depressed. D．Moved. 四、语法填空 1 Leonardo da Vinci is one of the greatest minds of all time. Today, we know him mostly as an artist, but there was even 54 (many) to Leonardo among his many talents. He was an engineer, an architect, 55 an inventor. Leonardo was born in Italy in 1452 near the village of Vinci. Although he grew up in the countryside, he 56 (send) to Florence at around the age of 15 to study under an artist. He was endlessly curious 57 the natural world and took every opportunity to experience and examine it. To him, observation was 58 effective way of learning and 59 (enable) him to look at things from a fresh perspective. He studied the movement of water, the growth of plants, the behavior of animals, and even the landscapes around his hometown. These elements were the 60 (inspire) for the light and perspective in many of his paintings, including the famous Mona Lisa. But what fascinated Leonardo most were birds and their mysterious power of flight. And he did many drawings of them. They inspired him 61 (design) machines to help people fly. He left behind many drawings and notes of his ideas for such 62 (invent), including a parachute, a form of helicopter, and a strange flying machine with flapping wings. These ideas were hundreds of years ahead of their time. In fact, Leonardo’s ideas were so advanced 63 most of them could not be tested in his lifetime. We, having seen many of his ideas become reality, can now appreciate his genius in a way that no one then living could. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The other day I came across a book 64 (name) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The book, which is 65 (humour), is one of Mark Twain’s masterpieces. The author shines a revealing light on traditions that the South still followed after the Civil War. Huckleberry Finn is the main character and narrator, 66 is writing his story. Through him, the reader judges society’s 67 (strength) and weaknesses. When the book first appeared, reviewers and parents thought it would mislead young children. However, from the beginning The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 68 (recognise) as a book that would 69 (complete) change the way people think about American literature. Over a century, the pleasure of reading The Adventures of Huckeleberry Finn has kept readers 70 (come) back to the novel. I was absorbed in this wonderful book. As 71 result, I spent a whole day reading this novel, enjoying the adventure stories that Huck 72 (take). I thought it was necessary 73 all teenagers to read The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. 参考答案 一、 1．folk/olk 【解析】考查形容词。句意：那首民歌世代相传。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词。根据首字母可知，此处指“民歌”。folk意为“传统民间的；民俗的；流传民间的”。故填folk。 2．composed/omposed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：莫扎特生前创作了大量著名作品，在去世前不久完成了他的最后一部歌剧。空格处在定语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语finished可知，空格处应用一般过去时，根据首字母和句意“创作”是compose。故填composed。 3．tale/ale 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们的爱情故事听起来像童话。根据单词首字母及句意“童话”及空前的sound like a可知应填名词的单数形式作宾语。故填tale。 4．compose/ompose 【解析】考查动词。句意：这情景感动得他写了一首诗。分析句意再根据首字母提示可知，此处用动词原形compose与前面的to构成动词不定式，表示“写了”一首诗，符合语境。故填compose。 5．composed/omposed/comprised/omprised 【解析】考查动词。句意：该志愿者组织由来自浙江46所高校的个人组成。根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为compose或者comprise，与句子主语The voluntary body之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式，be composed/comprised of意为“由……组成”符合句意。故填composed/comprised。 6．float/loat 【解析】考查动词。句意：湖边有很多树，所以当风吹的时候，很多叶子浮在水面上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。此处描述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语是leaves，谓语使用原形。根据句意，此处表示“漂浮”用float。故填float。 7．motion/otion 【解析】考查名词。句意：你还看到墙上雕刻着一些鱼。这些景象让霍夫曼萌生了《浮鱼》的想法。介词in后接名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填motion。 8．compose/ompose 【解析】考查动词。句意：作为一个有前途的作曲家，你能告诉我怎么作曲吗？根据“how to do”可知，空处应用动词原形，与“to”构成动词不定式；compose动词，表示“作曲、创作”，符合句意。故填compose。 9．Dutch/utch 【解析】考查名词。句意：查尔斯和凯特都是荷兰人。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用名词Dutch，表示“荷兰人”，所以使用Dutch作句子表语。故填Dutch。 10．composed/omposed 【解析】考查动词。句意：句子是由几个词组合而成的。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词compose，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文is可知为一般现在时的被动语态。be composed of sth意为“由……组成（或构成）的”。故填composed。 11．float/loat 【解析】考查动词。句意：你可以很容易地漂浮在死海里，因为它太咸了。根据句意和首字母提示，应使用动词float作谓语，意为“漂浮”，can是情态动词，接动词原形。故填float。 12．folk/olk 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在中国民间故事中，狐狸可以变成非常迷人的女人，让男人听凭摆布。设空处使用形容词修饰名词作定语。表示“民间的”用folk。故填folk。 13．composes/omposes 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：莫扎特是一位伟大的音乐家，他创作的音乐值得纪念。该空为定语从句谓语部分，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，to write music (创作音乐)，compose (作曲)符合句意，在从句中作主语的关系代词who指代先行词a great musician，从句谓语单数形式，故填composes。 14．composed/omposed 【解析】考查动词。句意：生活是由许多元素组成的，如家庭，朋友，学习，娱乐等等。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词compose“组成”，应用过去分词，与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填composed。 15．floating/loating 【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：一块木头漂浮在河上。根据句意和首字母提示，应使用动词float作句子谓语动词，意为“漂浮”，用现在分词floating与助动词is构成现在进行时。故填floating。 16．composed/omposed 【解析】考查时态。句意：面对如此混乱的局面，这个小男孩几乎无法镇定自若。事情已发生，谓语动词compose用一般过去时。故填composed。 17．floating/loating 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：一些树叶漂浮在平静的湖面上。根据首字母提示和句意可知，是动词“漂浮”float，were doing表示过去一直进行的动作，故填floating。 18．tale/ale 【解析】考查名词。句意：这部动画片告诉了中国著名女英雄花木兰的故事。根据空格前的冠词 the可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，结合首字母和句意“故事”是tale，为可数名词，根据句意应用名词的单数形式。故填tale。 19．tale/ale 【解析】考查名词。句意：他把它描述成一个异常错综复杂的故事。根据单词首字母以及句意“故事”以及上文的an extraordinarily tangled and complicated可知，此处应填名词单数形式作宾语，应用名词tale。故填tale。 20．compose/ompose 【解析】考查动词。句意：她很小就开始创作歌曲。根据句意，空后的名词songs和首字母可知，此处表示“作曲”应用动词compose，且begin to do固定搭配，意为“开始做……”，所以不定式后面应用动词原形，故填compose。 21．motion/otion 【解析】考查名词。句意：火车运行时不要打开车门。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填名词motion作in的宾语。故填motion。 22．float/loat 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：这些植物漂浮在水面上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。由“on the surface of the water” 以及首字母提示可知，此处指“这些植物漂浮在水面上”。表示“漂浮”应用float。此处陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填float。 23．princess/rincess 【解析】考查名词。句意：一个男孩和一个女孩要玩一个基于王子和公主故事的角色扮演游戏。and并列两个名词。根据首字母和汉语提示，可知，此处意为“公主”，应用名词princess，且由前面的并列名词prince可知，此处应用单数。故填princess。 24．quote 【解析】考查名词。句意：“你的时间有限，所以不要浪费时间过别人的生活。不要被教条所束缚——那就是活在别人思考的结果里。”这是已故苹果公司首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯的名言。根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应为quote意为“名言，引言”，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处为名词单数形式。故填quote。 二、 25．bring in 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：对公司来说最重要的是引入新设备。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词短语bring in，表示“引入”，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填bring in。 26． the inspiration for 【解析】考查名词。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写名词作主语。表示“对于……的灵感”应用the inspiration for。故填the inspiration for。 27． compose poetry 【解析】考查动词和名词。句意：10岁时，这个著名的诗人开始创作诗歌。表示“创作”用及物动词compose，表示“诗歌”用名词poetry，began to do“开始做某事”，所以第一空用动词原形，故填①compose；②poetry。 28．brought up 【解析】考查语态。句意：出生在一个有兄弟姐妹的家庭，蒙蒂从小就被抚养重视分享感。根据汉语提示，空处应用短语bring up，表示“抚养”，与主语Monty之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填brought up。 29． are on display 【解析】考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：他的画目前正在美术馆展出。根据汉语意思“在陈列中”可知短语为be on display，且根据后文at the moment可知描述目前的状态应用一般现在时，主语为复数名词pictures，谓语动词用复数。故填①are②on③display。 30．composition 【解析】考查名词。句意：有关月球成分的数据可以帮助中国决定未来的月球基地计划是否可行。根据句意和句子结构， the moon’s后接名词composition，意为“成分，构成”，为不可数名词，作about的宾语。故填composition。 31．saw the fish being fed 【解析】考查动词短语、非谓语动词、时态。句意：在镇上散步和逗留期间，我看到鱼被人们喂。根据句意，设空处考查动词短语see sb doing sth，为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，补语为现在分词，表示正在进行的动作。“看到鱼被喂”，感官动词see，宾语为the fish，宾语补足语为“被喂”，动词feed与the fish之间为动宾关系，应用现在分词的被动结构being fed，陈述过去的动作，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词see应用过去式。故填：saw the fish being fed。 32． brought forward brought about 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我记不清楚是谁提出了这个问题，但我清楚地记得它引发了一场激烈的讨论。根据汉语提示，第一空应用短语bring forward，表示“提出”，第二空应用短语bring about，表示“引起”，结合语意，who引导的宾语从句以及省略that引导的宾语从句都描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，从句谓语应用过去式形式。故填①brought forward，②brought about。 33． there is no 【解析】考查时态和固定句型。根据汉语提示，该句描述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“有”的句型应该使用there be句型，表示“没有”应该用there is no。故答案为there is no。 34．lead a joyful life/lead a happy life 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：学校旨在引导和帮助学生过上快乐的生活。“快乐地生活”表达为动词短语lead a joyful life或lead a happy life，句中有固定搭配guide / help sb to do sth，动词不定式为students的补语，to后接动词原形。故填：lead a joyful life / lead a happy life。 35． to turn down this suggestion 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：他没有理由拒绝这一建议。根据汉语意思表示“拒绝”短语为turn down，后跟this suggestion作宾语；且上文为句型there is no reason for sb. to do sth.，表示“某人没有理由做某事”，可知应填不定式。故填①to②turn③down④this⑤suggestion。 36．brings back 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：这张照片经常使我回想起高中时代的许多美好回忆。根据汉语提示，空处应用短语bring back，表示“使想起”，句子描述现在的经常性动作，应用一般现在时，主语the picture是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填brings back。 37．bring down 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：政府已采取措施降低日常商品的高价以保持市场稳定。表示“降低”应用bringdown，固定搭配，根据空前的take measures to“采取措施做某事”可知应用动词原形的形式作目的状语。故填bring down。 38．When the girl came to life 【解析】考查状语从句和动词。句意：当女孩苏醒过来的时候，人群中弥漫着喜悦和兴奋的气氛。句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“当……时候”用when引导时间状语从句；表示“醒过来”用come to life。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故答案为When the girl came to life。 39．bring the village back to life 【解析】考查动词短语，名词。句意：地震后，村民们尽最大努力使村庄恢复生机。“使什么恢复活力”可以表示为“bring sth.back to life”；“村庄”可以表示为“the village”，且动词不定式to之后应该加上动词原形，故填bring the village back to life。 40．so as to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：尽可能多地给家里写信以便缓解母亲的焦虑。根据汉语提示，“以便”的英文为so as to，表示目的，故填so as to。 41．the local folk 【解析】考查名词。句意：我一直被当地人视为外国人。“当地的”为形容词local；“(某国、某地区或某生活方式的)普通百姓”为名词folk，句中表特指，所以为the folk。故填the local folk。 42．saw him standing 【解析】考查动词短语、非谓语动词、时态。句意：当我沿着小路跑过弗兰克兰先生的房子时，我看见他正站在门口。“看到某人正在做某事”考查动词短语see sb doing sth，“站”表达为stand，与宾语him之间为主谓关系，用现在分词，作宾补。根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词took可知，句子陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词应用动词过去式saw。故填：saw him standing。 43．ethnic and cultural diversity 【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意：电视是否充分反映了这个国家的种族和文化多样性？“多样性”使用名词diversity，diversity是不可数名词，作动词reflect的宾语，“民族和文化的”使用并列的形容词ethnic and cultural，作定语修饰名词diversity，故填ethnic and cultural diversity。 三、 1 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．A 49．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了三位艺术家和他们的灵感来源。 44．细节理解题。由Florentijn Hofman, visual artist中“One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys. These objects have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. (他寻找灵感的一种方式是转向孩子们的玩具。这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如著名的《大黄鸭》。)”可知，Hofman设计《大黄鸭》的灵感来自他的儿童玩具。故选C项。 45．细节理解题。由Florentijn Hofman, visual artist中“Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations. He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the‘Dragon Gate’. This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there.(Hofman创作《浮鱼》的灵感来源于世代相传的中国民间故事。他对关于一条鱼跳过‘龙门’的古老故事特别感兴趣。当Hofman访问乌镇并看到那里的人们是如何生活的时，这个故事变得生动起来。)”可知，Hofman在乌镇的经历让他创作了《浮鱼》。故选B项。 46． 细节理解题。由Tan Dun, composer中“To listen to Tan’s music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. (听谭的音乐就是体验中国音乐传统和西方影响的融合。)”可知，谭盾将中国音乐传统与西方音乐相结合。故选B项。 47．细节理解题。由Yang Liping, dancer中“I especially like the dance style of the Dai people and it gives me lots of inspiration. (我特别喜欢傣族的舞蹈风格，它给了我很多灵感。)”可知，杨丽萍著名舞蹈的灵感来源于傣族的舞蹈风格。故选A项。 48．细节理解题。由Yang Liping, dancer中“Yang Liping’s passion is dancing. After winning a national competition in 1986 with her Spirit of the Peacock dance, she has been known as the‘Peacock Princess’.(杨丽萍的爱好是跳舞。1986年，她凭借《雀之灵》赢得了全国比赛，被称为‘孔雀公主’。)”可知，《雀之灵》是杨丽萍的名作。故选A项。 49．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Every artist’s wish is to create something that expresses an idea. But where do artists get their ideas from? Who or what inspires them? Here we find out more about the influences behind the successes of three very different artists.(每个艺术家的愿望都是创造一些表达想法的东西。但是艺术家的想法从哪里来的呢？是谁或什么激励了他们？在这里，我们将了解更多关于三位不同艺术家成功背后的影响。)”可知，文章主要介绍了三位艺术家和他们的灵感来源，再由下文的具体介绍可知，他们的灵感都来自他们的生活和经历。故选D项。 2 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国黑人女艺术家Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell以及她的艺术作品和艺术风格，文中同时也介绍了她的的丈夫James Terrell的相关情况。 50．细节理解题。根据第二段中“And there was me and one other black kid in the class who could go back to a plantation in Virginia and that’s it.””（而我和班上的另一个黑人孩子可以回到弗吉尼亚的一个种植园，仅此而已。）可知，恩津加·特雷尔（Nzinga Terrell）对家庭的记忆可以追溯到她的家人在弗吉尼亚州一个种植园工作的时候。故选D项。 51．推理判断题。根据第二段中“My dad’s side of the family took the last name of the job that they had, which is butlers.”（我父亲那边的家族用了他们工作的姓氏，那就是butlers。）可推知，恩辛加·特雷尔的父亲的姓氏是是以这家人的工作命名的。故选C项。 52．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“There’s no light going through; here’s not a lot of colour being seen, as opposed to the other ones. So, it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.”（没有光穿过；没有很多颜色被看到，与其他颜色相反。所以，它只是展示了奴隶被带到美国的时间。）可知，“Mami Wata”这幅艺术作品没有多少光和丰富的色彩，因为该作品反映了黑奴被带到美国时的情景。故选B项。 53．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Terrell’s works show how he sees himself as an African American. Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works.”（特雷尔的作品展示了他如何看待自己作为一个非裔美国人。参观艺术展的人说，他们在作品中看到了自己和家人。）可知，来看他艺术作品的人说，他们在作品中看到了自己和他们家庭成员的影子，可推知，他们是感动的。故选D项。 四、 1 54．more 55．and 56．was sent 57．about 58．an 59．enabled 60．inspiration 61．to design 62．inventions 63．that 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Leonardo da Vinci的个人经历以及成就。 54．考查比较级。句意：今天，我们大多知道他是一位艺术家，但列奥纳多的才华远不止于此。根据上文even可知应用比较级。故填more。 55．考查连词。句意：他是一名工程师、建筑师和发明家。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系。故填and。 56．考查时态语态。句意：虽然他在农村长大，但他在15岁左右被送到佛罗伦萨，师从一位艺术家。主语he与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文grew可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was sent。 57．考查介词。句意：他对自然界充满了无限的好奇，并抓住一切机会去体验和研究它。短语be curious about表示“对……好奇”。故填about。 58．考查冠词。句意：对他来说，观察是一种有效的学习方式，使他能够从一个新的角度看待事物。此处way为泛指，且effective是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 59．考查时态。句意：对他来说，观察是一种有效的学习方式，使他能够从一个新的角度看待事物。根据上文was可知为一般过去时。故填enabled。 60．考查名词。句意：这些元素是他许多画作中光线和透视的灵感来源，包括著名的《蒙娜丽莎》。作表语，应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们启发他设计帮助人们飞行的机器。短语inspire sb. to do sth.表示“激励某人做某事”。故填to design。 62．考查名词。句意：他留下了许多关于这类发明的图纸和笔记，包括降落伞，一种直升机，以及一种带有拍打翅膀的奇怪飞行器。作宾语应用名词invention，结合后文a parachute, a form of helicopter, and a strange flying machine with flapping wings可知为复数。故填inventions。 63．考查固定句型。句意：事实上，列奥纳多的想法是如此先进，以至于他们中的大多数在他有生之年都无法得到验证。此处为结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”为so…that…。故填that。 2 64．named 65．humourous 66．who 67．strengths 68．was recognised 69．completely 70．coming 71．a 72．had taken 73．for 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了马克•吐温的《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》，并建议青少年都应该读一读这本书。 64．考查过去分词。句意：有一天我看到一本书叫《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，且name与所修饰词book是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。 65．考查形容词。句意：这本幽默的书是马克·吐温的代表作之一。设空处在系动词后作表语，应用形容词，humourous“幽默的”符合题意。故填humourous。 66．考查定语从句。句意：哈克贝利·费恩是小说的主角和叙述者，他正在书写自己的故事。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Huckleberry Finn，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。 67．考查名词复数。句意：通过他，读者判断社会的优点和缺点。strength意为“优点”时是可数名词，与weaknesses并列，所以应用复数形式。故填strengths。 68．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，从一开始，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》就被认为是一本将彻底改变人们对美国文学看法的书。设空处是谓语动词，与主语The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“from the beginning”可知，设空处表示发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was recognised。 69．考查副词。句意：然而，从一开始，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》就被认为是一本将彻底改变人们对美国文学看法的书。设空处修饰动词change，应用副词。故填completely。 70．考查现在分词。句意：一个多世纪以来，阅读《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的乐趣使读者不断回到小说中。keep sb. doing sth. 为固定结构，意为“使某人一直做某事”。故填coming。 71．考查不定冠词。句意：结果，我花了一整天的时间读这本小说，喜欢哈克所讲的冒险故事。我认为所有的青少年都应该读《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。as a result为固定短语，意为“结果”。故填a。 72．考查过去完成时。句意：结果，我花了一整天的时间读这本小说，喜欢哈克所讲的冒险故事。设空处是定语从句中的谓语动词，且动作发生在spent之前，所以是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had taken。 73．考查介词。句意：我认为所有的青少年都应该读《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。“It is/was+adj. +for sb. to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。故填for。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$