Unit 1 知识点讲解课件 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Section A 知识点讲解 Did you go with anyone? 你和别人一起去的吗？ anyone pron. 任何人 1) 常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中，相当于anybody。 e.g. Does anyone want to go with us? 有人想和我们一起去吗？ I didn’t see anyone in the school library last night. 我昨天在学校图书馆里没有看到任何人。 2) 当anyone作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 e.g. If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me. 如果有谁看见Lisa﹐叫她打电话给我。 3) 当有形容词修饰anyone时，形容词置于其后。 e.g. Is there anyone new coming to tonight’s meeting? 今天晚上来参加会议的有没有新面孔？ anything, something, nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词； anyone, someone, no one和everyone (anybody, somebody, nobody和everybody) 用于指人。 与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定代词之后，语法上称作后置。 e.g. I have something important to tell you. 【语境应用】英译汉。 1) I can see someone new in your group. 我看出你们小组中有新人。 2) There’s nothing interesting in the news today. 今天的新闻里没有什么有趣的内容。 2. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去了什么有趣的地方吗？ anywhere adv. 1) 可用于否定句或疑问句代替somewhere，意为“哪儿”或“（在/到）某处”。 e.g. I can’t find my dog anywhere. Did you go anywhere interesting? 2) 任何地方 e.g. You can buy clothes like these anywhere. 【链接】 everywhere 在各个地方；到处 e.g. His children go everywhere with him. somewhere （在/到）某处 常用于肯定句中。有时，也可以用于疑问句中，表示期望对方给予肯定回答。 e.g. My keys must be somewhere around here. Can we go somewhere warm? 【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1) 玛丽寒假期间哪儿都不想去。 Mary doesn’t want to go __________ during the winter holiday. 2) 我不想住在这儿。住在其他任何地方我都很乐意。 I don’t want to live here. I’d be happy to live __________ else. 3) 我到处找我的笔，但是哪里也找不到。 I looked for my pen __________, but I couldn’t find it __________. anywhere anywhere  everywhere anywhere 4) 我们的城市非常美，到处都有花草。 Our city is very beautiful and there are flowers and grass ___________. 5) 到别的地方去玩，我现在正在工作。 Go and play ___________ else — I’m working now. everywhere somewhere 3. We took quite a few photos there. 我们在那里拍了不少照片。 few adj. & pron. 不多，很少 a few 一些，若干（= some）后跟可数名词复数形式 quite a few 相当多；不少（=many）后跟可数名词复数形式 e.g. A few girls are playing volleyball. 几个女孩正在打排球。 There are quite a few birds in the forest. 在那片森林里有很多鸟。 few, a few, little, a little few 几乎没有。后跟可数名词复数，在句中表示否定意义。 few students 几乎没有学生 a few 有些；几个。后跟可数名词复数，具有肯定意义。 a few people 少数人 little adj. 小的; 年幼的；幼小的 a little box 一个小盒子 my little brother 我弟弟 pron. 少量的 (与不可数名词连用，在句中表示否定意义) little money 几乎没钱 a little 少量的；一些。后跟不可数名词时，具有肯定意义。 a little tea 少许茶 一点；少量。后跟形容词时。 a little big 有点大 【语境应用】根据句意用few, a few, little或a little填空。 1) He is new. He has _________ friends here. 2) Sarah can speak only _________ Chinese. 3) I’ll go to the shop. I want to buy _________ apples. 4) Jim wants to buy a pencil, but he has _________ money with him. few  a little a few little Unit 1 Section B 知识点讲解 1. What activities do you find enjoyable? 你觉得什么活动有趣？ enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的; 令人愉快的 e.g. I’m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation. The job is enjoyable. I’m happy to work here. 【拓展】 enjoy (v. 喜爱; 享受) + -able (形容词后缀) enjoyable 2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人抵达马来西亚槟城。 arrive in + 地点名词 多加大地方，如国家、省、市等 arrive at +地点名词 多加小地方，如机场、商店、广场、乡村、车站等 arrive + 地点副词 arrive here/there/home等 arrive in/at = get to 到达某地 e.g. Bill usually arrives at / gets to the bus station at 6 o’clock. I will arrive in / get to Beijing this evening. Do you often arrive / get there by car? 【归纳】 【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1) 你的老师什么时候到达？ _______ will your teacher _______? 2)我们全家上周日到达了北京。 Our family _________ _________ Beijing last Sunday. 3)王女士刚刚到达酒店。 Miss Wang _________ _________ the hotel just now. arrived in When arrive / got to arrived at / got to 3. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 天气晴朗炎热，于是我们决定去宾馆附近的海滩。 decide v. 决定；选定 其后可接代词、动词不定式或句子等。 decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事 e.g. Sorry, I can’t decide anything now. My friend decided to buy a pen for his mother. We can’t decide when we should start. decision n. 决定 make a decision 做决定 【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1) 让她决定她自己的未来。 Let her ________ her own future. 2) 我决定下周一去大连。 I ________ ________ ________ to Dalian next Monday. decide decide(d) to go 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. 我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞。 try v. 尝试；试穿；品尝 ① try to do sth. 设法做某事 ② try doing sth. 试着做某事 ③ try on 试穿 ④ try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事 e.g. Barry is trying to improve his health. John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number. Have you tried on all these shoes? He tried his best to finish the work. try n. 尝试；设法；努力。 have a try 尝一尝；试试看 e.g. If you can't open this box, can I have a try? 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) 不要害怕犯错。勇敢一些，试一试！ Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Be brave and ___________! 2) 我认为你应该试穿这件衬衫。 I think you should ____________________________. have a try try this shirt on / try on this shirt 3) David正在设法忘记他的烦恼。 David is _____________________ his worries. 4) 我试着敲了敲门，但没人回应。 I _____________________ at the door, but no one answered. 5) 我们应该尽力帮助这些孩子。 We should _______________________ these children. trying to forget tried knocking try our best to help 2) paragliding n. 滑翔伞运动 (这里不是try doing sth 结构) 英语中有很多文体运动词汇是以-ing为后缀构成的名词，如swimming, skating, singing, dancing等。 3) 在英语中，当第一人称和其他人称一起作主语时，往往把I放在后面，而中文习惯先说我再说其他人称。 e.g. He and I went to the museum yesterday. 我和他昨天去了博物馆。 5. I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉自己就像一只鸟。 feel like 1) 给……的感觉；感受到 后面可跟名词(短语)或句子 e.g. He feels like a doctor when he wears the uniform. I feel like I have a cold. 2) 想(要)；愿意其 后可接名词(短语)或动词-ing形式 feel like (doing) sth. = would like (to do) sth. = want (to do) sth. e.g. Do you feel like a cup of tea? I feel like watching a movie tonight. = I would like/want to watch a movie tonight. 【语境应用】 Ⅰ. 选出下列句子中划线部分的汉语意思。 A. 给……的感觉；感受到 B. 想(要) ( )1. Do you feel like a cup of tea? ( )2. I felt like I was a fish when I swam in the river. Ⅱ. 根据括号内的要求完成下面的题目，每空一词。 I want to watch a movie tonight. (改为同义句) I ________ ________ ________ ________ a movie tonight. I ________ ________ ________ a movie tonight. B A would like to watch  feel like watching 6. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我在想这里过去的生活是什么样子呢。 wonder v. 想知道，琢磨，其后常接由if, whether, what, who, where, when, why, how等引导的宾语从句 n. 奇迹; 奇观(可数) e.g. The teacher wondered why Jack didn’t come to school this morning. I wonder who he is. I wonder whether they will arrive on time. The pyramids are one of the wonders of the world. 【链接】wonderful adj. 绝妙的; 了不起的 【语境应用】 I. 词汇运用。 1) The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest __________ (wonder) of the world. 2) We had a __________(wonder) time in Hainan last summer. II. 完成句子。 1) 我想知道你刚才去哪儿了。 I ______________ you were just now. 2) 他想知道你什么时候来上海。 He ______________ you will come to Shanghai. wonders when wonders wonderful wonder where 7. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大啊！ what引导的感叹句强调句中的名词，有以下三种结构：What + a / an +形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）！ What +形容词+可数名词的复数形式（+主语+谓语）！ What +形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ e.g. What a beautiful flower (it is)! What brave girls (they are)! What delicious food (it is)! 【语境应用】将下列句子改为感叹句，每空一词。 1) It is a wonderful idea. ________ ________ wonderful idea it is! 2) The news is exciting. ________ ________ news it is! 3) The pants are very nice. ________ ________ pants they are! What a   What exciting  What nice 2) difference n. 差别；差异 (different adj. ) 【常用结构】 ... know / can tell the difference(s) between ... and ... ……知道 / 能分辨出……和……之间的区别 There are many / some differences between ... 在……中有很多 / 一些不同之处 There is not much / no difference in ... 在……方面没多大差别 / 没差别 make a / no / some difference to sb. / sth. 对某人或某事物有 / 没有 / 有些作用或影响 【语境应用】翻译句子。 1) 这两台电脑在价格方面相差不大。 2) 你知道这两种语言之间的区别吗？ 3) 这场雨对比赛有些影响。 There is not much difference in price between these two computers. Do you know the differences between the two languages? The rain made some difference to the game. 8. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。 wait v. 等待；等候 【常用结构】 wait for sb. / sth.；wait (for) + 一段时间； wait for sb. / sth. to do sth.；wait to do sth. e.g. Lots of people are waiting for the bus at the bus stop. She stopped, waiting for Myles to say something. I am waiting to hear the result. Can you wait (for) five minutes? can’t wait 等不及 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要做某事 e.g. We’re going to Australia on Saturday — I can’t wait! I can’t wait to read his latest novel. 【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。 1) 我妈妈说她很快就回来，要我在家里等着。 My mother said she would come back soon. She asked me to _______________________. 2) 你妈妈正在等你呢。 Your mother _________________________ you. 3) 你能再等五分钟吗？ Can you ____________________________? wait at home is waiting for wait (for) another five minutes 4) 我们正在等着汤姆（Tom）的到来。 We are _________________________. 5) 他们正等着见你呢。 They are _________________________. 6) 劳拉迫不及待地想要见她的孩子们。 Laura _________________________ her children. waiting for Tom to come waiting to see you can’t wait to see 9. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气，底下的东西我们什么都看不到。 1) because of 因为，由于 词条 不同点 because of 短语介词，后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 because 连词，后跟句子，构成原因状语从句。 【语境应用】用because或because of填空。 1) He had to ask for a month’s leave ________________ bad health. 2) I decided to go with them, mainly ________________ I have nothing better to do. 3) —Why didn’t Bill come to school today? —________________ he caught a cold. 4) Mary didn’t catch the train ________________ getting up late. because of because because because of 2) below prep. & adv. 在……下面，到……下面 e.g. Please do not write below this line. 词条 不同点 例句 below 通常指处于比某物低的位置，但不一定在正下方，其反义词为above; 还可以指在某一温度之下。 This place is below the sea level. The temperature is two degrees below zero. under 常指在某物的正下方，也可以指某物被另一物体覆盖而处于下方; 还可指低于某个数量、年龄等。 Two old men are playing chess under the tree. These toys are not suitable for children under five. 【语境应用】根据语境选择恰当的选项填空。 1) There were ________(below / under) forty people at the meeting. 2) Skirts must be ________(below / under) the knees. 3) The basketball is ________(below / under) the table in the room. 4) The temperature will drop ________(below / under) zero tonight. It will be colder. under below under below 10. My father didn’t bring enough money. 我的爸爸没有带足够的钱。 enough可用作形容词、副词或名词。 enough adj. 足够的；充分的。它既可以作表语，也可以作定语。 e.g. The food here is enough. I don’t have enough money to buy a new computer. enough adv. 足够，可以用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，位于被修饰词的后面。 e.g. You don’t practice enough. You can go to school when you are old enough. They cannot walk fast enough. enough n. 足够的东西 e.g. The man is so poor that he doesn’t have enough to eat. 【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成下列各题，每空一词。 1) 你将有足够的时间完成工作。 You’ll have ________ ________ to finish the work. 2) 这个房间足够大，可以容纳二十个人。 The room is ________ ________ to hold 20 people. 3) 孩子们有充足的食物吃吗？ Do the children have ________ ________ to eat? 4) 我们离开得不够早。 We didn’t leave ________ ________. 5) 你需要多少钱？50元够吗？ How much money do you need? ________ 50 yuan ________? enough time big enough enough food early enough Is enough $$