08 动词及动词短语（考点精练）-备战2025年（对口升学）英语一轮复习讲练测（山西适用）

第08讲 动词及动词短语 1．—Why are you late for dinner, Jim? —At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I ________ walking here because of the heavy traffic. A．ended up B．took up C．gave up D．put up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你晚饭怎么迟到了？——起初我想乘出租车，但由于交通拥挤我最后走路来的。 考查动词短语辨析。ended up结束，最后；took up开始从事，占据；gave up放弃；put up张贴。根据“At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I …walking here”可知，此处与其前的At first形成对比，表示“但是因为交通拥挤我最后走路来的”，强调最后的结果。故选A。 2．I have trouble ________ English well. Would you mind ________ me with it? A．to learn; to help B．learning; helping C．learning; to help D．to learn; helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我学好英语有困难。你介意帮我一下吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据“have trouble”可知，第一空考查have trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”；根据“Would you mind”可知，第二空考查would you mind doing sth. “你介意做某事吗”，两空均应用动名词形式作宾语。故选B。 3．Maria wants to be thin, so she is going to ________. A．eat more food B．get lots of exercise C．take guitar lessons D．join the chess club 【答案】B 【详解】句意：玛丽亚想要变瘦，所以她打算多锻炼身体。 考查动词短语和常识。eat more food吃更多的食物；get lots of exercise做大量的锻炼；take guitar lessons上吉他课；join the chess club加入国际象棋俱乐部。根据“Maria wants to be thin”及常识可知，想要变瘦通常需要通过锻炼来实现。故选B。 4．—Why do you look tired, Zhang Ming? —I ________ studying for today’s test till two o’clock last night. A．stayed up B．was free C．went to bed D．was full 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——张明，你怎么看上去这么累啊？——我为了准备今天的考试，昨晚熬夜复习到凌晨两点。 考查动词短语。stayed up熬夜；was free空闲；went to bed去睡觉；was full吃饱。根据“Why do you look tired, Zhang Ming?”及“I…studying for today’s test till two o’clock last night.”可知，他看起来很累是因为熬夜复习了。故选A。 5．— Emma, people are talking ________ The Knockout (狂飙). Do you know anything about it? — Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight ________ bad people. A．about; for B．to; for C．for; against D．about; against 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——艾玛，人们都在谈论电视剧《狂飙》。你对它了解多少？ ——是的，这是一个警察与坏人作斗争的故事。 考查介词辨析。about关于；to到；for支持；against反对。根据“Emma, people are talking...The Knockout (狂飙)”可知，空处指“谈论”，talk about表示“谈论有关”，为固定搭配；再根据“it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight…bad people.”可知，此处是指警察与坏人斗争，fight against sb.表示“与某人斗争”，故第个空填against。故选D。 6．—Mr. White, could you give me some advice? I have ________ in learning math. —Sure. You should be confident and never give up. A．fun B．trouble C．interest D．surprise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——怀特先生，您能给我一些建议吗？我在学习数学方面有困难。——当然。你应该自信并且永不放弃。 考查名词辨析。fun乐趣；trouble困难；interest兴趣；surprise惊讶。根据“You should be confident and never give up.”，此处指在学习数学方面有困难。have trouble in doing sth.表示“在某方面有困难”。故选B。 7．Winter vacation is coming. Linda decides ________ to cook from her mother. A．learn B．learned C．to learn D．leaning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：寒假快到了。琳达决定向母亲学习烹饪。 考查动词不定式。learn动词原形；learned动词过去分词；to learn动词不定式；leaning动词现在分词。短语decide to do sth.“决定去做某事”。故选C。 8．—Linda, you have to finish the project today. —Don’t worry, mom. I won’t today’s work till tomorrow. A．went off B．cleaned off C．shut off D．put off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——琳达，你今天必须完成这个项目。——别担心，妈妈。我不会把今天的工作推迟到明天。 考查动词短语。went off消失；cleaned off清除干净；shut off关闭；put off推迟。根据“Linda, you have to finish the project today.”可知，今天必须完成，所以保证不会“推迟”。故选D。 9．—Good news! Governments around the world are ________ an end to plastic bags. —Great. Paper is better than plastic. A．pushing for B．looking for C．caring for D．searching for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——好消息！世界各地的政府正在推动禁止塑料袋。——太好了。纸比塑料好。 考查动词短语。pushing for推动；looking for寻找；caring for喜爱，照料；searching for搜寻。根据“an end to plastic bags”可知，是要推动结束塑料袋的使用这件事情，应该用“push for”。故选A。 10．When I was swimming in the pool, I ________ I was a fish. A．sounded like B．seemed C．felt like D．felt about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我在游泳池里游泳的时候，我觉得我就像是一条鱼。 考查动词短语。sounded like听起来像是；seemed似乎；felt like感觉像是；felt about摸索。根据“When I was swimming in the pool, I...I was a fish.”可知，此处表示在泳池里游泳的时候，感觉自己就像是一条鱼，空处应是felt like。故选C。 11．Some teenagers don’t know what ________ when they stay with old people. A．to talk B．to talk to C．to talk about D．to talk with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些青少年和老人在一起时不知道该说些什么。 考查动词短语。talk谈论；talk to和……交谈；talk about谈论；talk with和……交谈。根据“when they stay with old people.”可知，是指一些青少年不知道该谈什么，应用talk about。 talk为不及物动词，A选项talk后需要跟介词about，故选C。 12．The rescue team found a little girl who was still ________ under a building three days after the earthquake. They wondered how she was able to ________ the big earthquake. A．alive; survive in B．living; survive C．living; survive in D．alive; survive 【答案】D 【详解】句意：地震发生三天后，救援队在一幢建筑物下发现了一个仍然活着的小女孩。他们想知道她是如何在大地震中幸存下来的。 考查形容词辨析和动词用法。alive活着的；living活的。两者意思相同，但是alive更侧重于生与死的界限，表示“仍然活着”；而living则更强调“尚在人间”，并含有“生活的、生动的”等意味。根据题干可知，此处表示地震后，这个小女孩仍然活着，应用alive符合语境。survive本身已表示幸存，幸免于，因而其后不能再加多余的in。表示“在地震中幸存下来”，直接用survive the earthquake。故选D。 13．They all think the flat is ________ small for the whole family to ________, so they are thinking about buying a bigger one. A．too; live in B．so; live C．too; live D．so; live in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们都认为这套公寓太小了，全家都住不下，所以他们正在考虑买一套更大的。 考查too...to...结构及不及物动词。分析句子可知，填空一处为too...to...“太……而不能……”，故排除B、D选项；填空二处表达住在公寓里，live为不及物动词，后需接介词in才能接宾语，故排除C选项。故选A。 14．Both my mother and my sister ________ TV at half past eight last night. A．are watching B．were watching C．was watching D．watched 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚八点半我的妈妈和姐姐正在看电视。 考查过去进行时。are watching正在观看，现在进行时；were watching过去进行时；was watching过去进行时；watched一般过去时。根据时间状语“at half past eight last night”，是描述昨晚八点半这一时刻正在做某事，时态用过去进行时was/were doing；又因为主语是“Both my mother and my sister”，be动词用复数，故选B。 15．—Listen, the song is from the robot. —Yes, it ___________ beautiful! A．watches B． sees C．sounds D．looks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——听，这首歌是机器人唱的。——是的，它听起来非常动听！ 考查动词辨析。watches观看；looks看起来好像；sees看见；sounds听起来好像。根据“Listen, the song is from the robot.”可知，此处指歌曲听起来很动听。故选C。 16．—What ________ terrible, Tom? —I’m sorry. I’ll put away my shoes and wash them at once. A．sounds B．smells C．looks D．tastes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，什么东西闻起来这么难闻？——对不起。我马上把我的鞋收起来，并且立刻洗干净。 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来；tastes尝起来。根据句意“I’ll put away my shoes and wash them at once”可知，是汤姆的鞋发出了难闻的臭味，所以这里应表示“闻起来”，故选B。 17．The baby’s face ________ smooth and soft. A．felt B．feeling C．is felt D．feels 【答案】D 【详解】句意：婴儿的脸摸起来又滑又软。 考查时态。根据“smooth and soft.”可知，此句陈述事实，因此句子时态是一般现在时态，主语是单数，feels符合句意，故选D。 18．Steven __________ a very clever boy. A．looks B．seems C．sounds D．touches 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Steven似乎是非常聪明的男孩。 考查感官动词辨析。look看起来；seem似乎是；sound听起来；touches摸起来。根据“Steven…a very clever boy.”可知，描述一个人的外在表现或给人的印象时，常用seem。故选B。 19．Tom ________ an interesting question in yesterday’s class meeting. A．rose B．raised C．rise D．raise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆在昨天的班会上提出了一个有趣的问题。 考查动词辨析以及时态。rise升起，不及物动词；raise提出，及物动词。此空后接宾语an interesting question，应填及物动词raise，结合“in yesterday’s class meeting”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。 20．Mary ________ my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. A．has received B．ought to have received C．couldn’t have received D．shouldn’t have received 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽不可能收到我的信，否则她早就回信了。 考查情态动词对过去的推测。has received已经收到；ought to have received应该已经收到；couldn’t have received不可能收到；shouldn’t have received应该没有收到。根据“otherwise she would have replied before now.”可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，因此前一句也是对过去的推测，所以玛丽不可能收到我的信。故选C。 21．—It’s nice________you to invite Lily to my birthday party. —Well, Lily________not come. She is not certain whether her mother will allow to. A．of; must B．for; would C．of; might D．for; need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能邀请莉莉参加我的生日聚会真是太好了。——嗯，莉莉可能不会来。她不确定她的母亲是否会同意。It’s + adj.+ of/for sb. + to do sth.是英语中一个常用句型，如果形容词是描述后面的不定式的特性时，就用for；当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即sb.和adj.有主系表关系时，sb.前用of。形容词nice是修饰sb.的，故介词用of，排除B,D。must必须，一定；would将要；might可能；need需要。根据“She is not certain whether her mother will allow to.”判断，前面的情态动词是表示一种“可能性”的推测，答案为C。 点睛：在“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth."与"It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth."两个句型中，介词用for还是of应根据作表语的形容词的词义特点和说话人的侧重而定。当形容词是说明不定式的特性时，要用介词for，也就是说不定式（短语）与形容词在逻辑上存在“主语和表语”的关系。例如：It's important for us to stay healthy. 保持身体健康对我们来说很重要。 (本句子中的important说明的是to stay healthy的特性，即句子侧重的是说“To stay healthy is important.”) 注意：与介词for搭配的往往是表示事物的特性的形容词，如important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, possible等。 当形容词是说明不定式的逻辑主语的特性时，要用of，也就是说不定式的逻辑主语sb.和形容词在逻辑上存在“主语和表语”的关系。例如：It's kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。（句中的kind是用来说明you的特征，即句子侧重说得是“You are kind.”） 22．Joy ________ David in 2011. A．married with B．married to C．married D．got married 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乔伊与戴维在2011年结婚。marry sb.和be/get married to sb.的意思都是“与某人结婚。”故答案为C。 点睛：marry既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为结婚；嫁；娶；与......结婚等。常见用法如下：1. marry sb表示嫁给某人；与……结婚。例如：John married Mary last week.上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了。2. be/get married to sb表示与某人结婚。例如：Jane was married to a doctor last month. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。Rose got married to a teacher.罗斯和一位教师结婚了。3. marry sb to sb表示父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇。例如：She married her daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。 注意：marry 一般不与介词with 连用。例如：她和一位英国人结了婚。 【误】She married with an Englishman. 【正】She married an Englishman. 23．—Parents always try their best to give us a good environment to study. —Yeah. If they have problems, they often ________ them to themselves. A．add B．send C．accept D．keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——父母总是尽力为我们提供一个良好的学习环境。——是的，如果他们有问题，他们经常把问题隐藏在自己心中。 考查动词辨析。add添加；send发送；accept接受；keep保持，保守。根据短语“keep sth to sb”，意为“将某事隐藏在某人心中”，再根据上文“Parents always try their best to give us a good environment to study”可知，父母不愿让自己的问题影响孩子，所以经常把问题隐藏在自己心中。故选D。 24．—When will you ________? —I will go to see you as soon as I ________ the airport. A．reach, arrive in B．reach, arrive at C．arrive, will get to D．arrive, reach 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候到？——我一到机场就会去见你。 考查动词辨析。reach及物动词，后接宾语；arrive at到达小地点；arrive in到达大地点；get to达到。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，排除C；问句后没有宾语，排除A和B。故选D。 25．The delivery we looked forward to ________ the second day after negotiating with the shop owner. A．reached B．arriving C．reaching D．arrived 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们期待的货物在与店主协商后第二天就到了。 考查动词辨析和用法。arrive到达，送达；reach到达。“we looked forward to”定语从句，此空为谓语动词，因此排除B和C；此句没有宾语，用不及物动词arrive。故选D。 26．— _________ are you going to _________ this weekend? —An old people’s home. A． Which place; visit B．Where; visit to C．Which place; go D．Where; go to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——周末你们将去哪儿？——一家敬老院。 考查特殊疑问句和动词辨析。Which place“哪个地方”，地点名词；Where“在哪里”，副词。go“去”，不及物动词，后接地点名词时用介词to，与副词连用时则不用；visit“参观，拜访”，及物动词，后直接加地点名词。故第一空应用which place，作visit的宾语，其余选项的搭配都不正确。故选A。 27．Sandra was ________ her first job when she was still in high school. A．lent B．offered C．took D．brought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：桑德拉在高中时得到了第一份工作。 考查动词辨析。lent借；offered提供；took带走；brought带来。根据“her first job”可知是被提供了第一份工作，offer sb. sth“为某人提供某物”。故选B。 28．We expect volunteers who are willing to devote time _________ our community environment. A．to improve B．to improving C．to accept D．to accepting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们希望乐意花费时间的志愿者来改善我们的社区环境。 考查动词辨析。improve提高，改善；accept接受。根据“We expect volunteers who are willing to devote time...our community environment.”可知此处是指改善环境，improve符合。本题中“who are willing to devote time”为定语从句修饰前面的“volunteers”，主句搭配为expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”。故选A。 29．Worried about the coming high school entrance exam, Shirley ________ on her bed at night. A．lay widely awake B．laid widely awake C．lay wide awake D．laid wide awake 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于担心即将到来的中考，雪莉晚上躺在床上睡不着。 考查词义辨析。lay“下蛋”，动词原形，“躺”，动词过去式；laid“下蛋”，动词过去式。根据“on her bed”可知，此处指躺在床上，排除B和D选项。wide awake“完全清醒的”，是固定搭配，故选C。 30．—How much is the plane ticket from Zhengzhou to Kunming? —A one-way ticket ________ ¥870, and you should ________ another ¥720 for a round trip. A．costs；pay B．costs；spend C．pays；spend D．spends；pay 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——从郑州到昆明的机票多少钱？——单程票870元，往返票720元。 考查动词辨析。cost花费，主语为物，主要搭配为：物+cost+人+钱；pay付款，主语为人，主要搭配：人+pay+钱+for sth.；spend花费，主语为人，主要搭配为：人+spend+时间/金钱+on sth./（in）doing sth.。第一个空格前的主语（A one-way ticket）为物，用cost；第二个空格主语（you）为人，搭配for，用pay。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第08讲 动词及动词短语 1．—Why are you late for dinner, Jim? —At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I ________ walking here because of the heavy traffic. A．ended up B．took up C．gave up D．put up 2．I have trouble ________ English well. Would you mind ________ me with it? A．to learn; to help B．learning; helping C．learning; to help D．to learn; helping 3．Maria wants to be thin, so she is going to ________. A．eat more food B．get lots of exercise C．take guitar lessons D．join the chess club 4．—Why do you look tired, Zhang Ming? —I ________ studying for today’s test till two o’clock last night. A．stayed up B．was free C．went to bed D．was full 5．— Emma, people are talking ________ The Knockout (狂飙). Do you know anything about it? — Yes, it’s about a story of a police officer’s fight ________ bad people. A．about; for B．to; for C．for; against D．about; against 6．—Mr. White, could you give me some advice? I have ________ in learning math. —Sure. You should be confident and never give up. A．fun B．trouble C．interest D．surprise 7．Winter vacation is coming. Linda decides ________ to cook from her mother. A．learn B．learned C．to learn D．leaning 8．—Linda, you have to finish the project today. —Don’t worry, mom. I won’t today’s work till tomorrow. A．went off B．cleaned off C．shut off D．put off 9．—Good news! Governments around the world are ________ an end to plastic bags. —Great. Paper is better than plastic. A．pushing for B．looking for C．caring for D．searching for 10．When I was swimming in the pool, I ________ I was a fish. A．sounded like B．seemed C．felt like D．felt about 11．Some teenagers don’t know what ________ when they stay with old people. A．to talk B．to talk to C．to talk about D．to talk with 12．The rescue team found a little girl who was still ________ under a building three days after the earthquake. They wondered how she was able to ________ the big earthquake. A．alive; survive in B．living; survive C．living; survive in D．alive; survive 13．They all think the flat is ________ small for the whole family to ________, so they are thinking about buying a bigger one. A．too; live in B．so; live C．too; live D．so; live in 14．Both my mother and my sister ________ TV at half past eight last night. A．are watching B．were watching C．was watching D．watched 15．—Listen, the song is from the robot. —Yes, it ___________ beautiful! A．watches B． sees C．sounds D．looks 16．—What ________ terrible, Tom? —I’m sorry. I’ll put away my shoes and wash them at once. A．sounds B．smells C．looks D．tastes 17．The baby’s face ________ smooth and soft. A．felt B．feeling C．is felt D．feels 18．Steven __________ a very clever boy. A．looks B．seems C．sounds D．touches 19．Tom ________ an interesting question in yesterday’s class meeting. A．rose B．raised C．rise D．raise 20．Mary ________ my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. A．has received B．ought to have received C．couldn’t have received D．shouldn’t have received 21．—It’s nice________you to invite Lily to my birthday party. —Well, Lily________not come. She is not certain whether her mother will allow to. A．of; must B．for; would C．of; might D．for; need 22．Joy ________ David in 2011. A．married with B．married to C．married D．got married 23．—Parents always try their best to give us a good environment to study. —Yeah. If they have problems, they often ________ them to themselves. A．add B．send C．accept D．keep 24．—When will you ________? —I will go to see you as soon as I ________ the airport. A．reach, arrive in B．reach, arrive at C．arrive, will get to D．arrive, reach 25．The delivery we looked forward to ________ the second day after negotiating with the shop owner. A．reached B．arriving C．reaching D．arrived 26．— _________ are you going to _________ this weekend? —An old people’s home. A． Which place; visit B．Where; visit to C．Which place; go D．Where; go to 27．Sandra was ________ her first job when she was still in high school. A．lent B．offered C．took D．brought 28．We expect volunteers who are willing to devote time _________ our community environment. A．to improve B．to improving C．to accept D．to accepting 29．Worried about the coming high school entrance exam, Shirley ________ on her bed at night. A．lay widely awake B．laid widely awake C．lay wide awake D．laid wide awake 30．—How much is the plane ticket from Zhengzhou to Kunming? —A one-way ticket ________ ¥870, and you should ________ another ¥720 for a round trip. A．costs；pay B．costs；spend C．pays；spend D．spends；pay 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$