2024年中考英语语法：语法非谓语动词&专项练习

中考语法:语法非谓语动词&专项练习 一、非谓语动词的定义 非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式,包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词 doing、过去分词 done)。 二、动词不定式 1. 构成:“to + 动词原形”。 2. 用法: 1. 作主语:To learn English well is not easy. (学好英语不容易。) 2. 作宾语:I want to go home. (我想回家。) 3. 作宾语补足语:The teacher asked us to clean the classroom. (老师让我们打扫教室。) 4. 作定语:I have a lot of work to do. (我有很多工作要做。) 5. 作状语:He came here to see me. (他来这里看我。) 三、动名词 1. 构成:动词原形 + ing。 2. 用法: (1)作主语:Swimming is my favorite sport. (游泳是我最喜欢的运动。) (2)作宾语:I enjoy reading. (我喜欢阅读。) (3)作定语:a swimming pool (游泳池) 四、分词 1. 现在分词: (1)构成:动词原形 + ing。 (2)用法:作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 例如:The running boy is my brother. (正在跑步的男孩是我弟弟。) 2. 过去分词: (1)构成:动词原形 + ed(规则动词);不规则变化需特殊记忆。 (2)用法:作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 例如:The broken window needs to be repaired. (这扇破窗户需要修理。) 五、非谓语动词的区别 1. 动词不定式表示将来、目的;动名词表示一般性、习惯性的动作。 2. 现在分词表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。 专项练习 一、单项选择(10 道) 1.We are looking forward to _ you again. A. see B. seeing C. saw 2.The teacher told us _ too much time playing computer games. A. not to spend B. not spend C. don't spend 3.I have a lot of books _. A. read B. to read C. reading 4.Would you mind _ the window? It's too hot. A. opening B. to open C. open 5.He is used to _ early in the morning. A. get up B. getting up C. got up 6.It's very kind of you _ me with my English. A. help B. helping C. to help 7.The boy was made _ for two hours. A. stand B. to stand C. standing 8.Please stop _. It's time for class. A. talk B. talking C. to talk 9.I saw him _ into the room just now. A. go B. going C. went 10.Do you know the girl _ under the tree? A. stand B. standing C. to stand 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空(10 道) 1. He practices _ (speak) English every day. 2. I'm sorry _ (hear) that. 3. They decided _ (go) for a picnic this Sunday. 4. My father enjoys _ (read) newspapers after dinner. 5. The teacher made him _ (copy) the text ten times. 6. It's time for us _ (have) a rest. 7. We should try _ (learn) English well. 8. Would you like _ (come) to my party? 9. I'm busy _ (do) my homework. 10. The man was seen _ (enter) the room. 三、翻译题(5 道) 1. 他喜欢听音乐。 2. 记得关门。 3. 我没有时间看电视。 4. 他花了两个小时做作业。 5. 这个问题很难回答。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It's important for us _ (learn) English well. We should spend more time _ (read) English books. Don't be afraid of _ (make) mistakes. We can also improve our English by _ (watch) English movies and _ (listen) to English songs. 答案: 一、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. speaking 2. to hear 3. to go 4. reading 5. copy 6. to have 7. to learn 8. to come 9. doing 10. to enter 三、翻译题 1. He likes listening to music. 2. Remember to close the door. 3. I have no time to watch TV. 4. He spent two hours doing his homework. 5. This question is difficult to answer. 四、语法填空 1. to learn 2. reading 3. making 4. watching 5. listening 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$