2024年沪教牛津版中考英语复习第三讲 数词学案

第三讲 数词导学案 教学目标: 1. 基数词的构成和用法 2. 序数词的构成与用法 教学内容: 语法:数词 数词:表示数目和顺序的词叫做数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。 、基数词的构成和用法 (1)基数词的写法 ① 从1-12分别由从one到twelve12个各不相同的词表示。 _ ② 从13-19均以后缀-teen结尾。 _ ③ 从20-90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。 _ 表示“几十几”时,个位和十位之间需加连字符“-”,如twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three等。 例 : 21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 98 ninety-eight 99 ninety-nine ④ 101~999的三位数,百位数和后面的数之间用连词and,百、千等数词一律用单数形式。例 : 101 one hundred and one 225 two hundred and twenty- five 999 nine hundred and ninety-nine ⑤ 三位数以上的数,从个位往前数,每三位数加一个逗号“,”,从后往前数的第一个逗号代表 thousand,第二个逗号代表million,第三个逗号是billion,注意这几个词不能用复数形式,后也 不能加and。例: 2,567 two thousand five hundred and sixty-s even 3,018,108 three million eighteen thousand one hundred and eight 练习:写出下列数字的英文形式并朗诵。 11370 416100_ 51758 8206005_ 719365_10409060208_ (2) 基数词的用法 ① 作主语。例: Ten is a very important number. 十是一个很重要的数字。 Four of them went to the factory.他们中的4个人去了工厂。 ② 作定语。例: There are five students in the classroom.教室里有5个学生。 She has three brothers. 她有三个兄弟。 ③ 作宾语。例: I wanted three but he gave me five. 我想要三个,但他给了我五个。 She wants two. 她想要两个。 ④ 作表语。例: My friend is sixteen.我朋友16岁了。 (3) 疑难点 hundred,thousand和million在合成数词中一般用单数形式,但是用来表示不定数目时,用作复数 形式。例: Hundreds of workers will go on strike. Thousands of people are swimming in the river. 此时 hundred,thousand等词前没有数词修饰,且通常其复数形式与of 连用。 II、 序数词的构成与用法 (1) 序数词的构成 ① 一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例: four + th fourth six + th sixth seven + th seventh ten + th tenth ② 下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例: one first two second three third five fifth eight eighth nine ninth twelve twelfth ③ 十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y变成i,然后再加eth。例: twenty twentieth thirty thirtieth forty fortieth ninety ninetieth ④ 两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例: twenty-one twenty-first thirty-five thirty-fifth a hundred and fifty-three a hundred and fifty-third (2) 序数词的用法 ① 序数词在使用时,一般加上定冠词。例: the first book the second floor the third day the fourth week. ② 序数词在多数情况下都用作定语,有的也可以作表语、主语和宾语。例: The first is larger than the second. (主语) 第一个比第二个大。 He choose the second.他挑选了第二个。(作宾语) You'll be the sixth to write. (表语) 你将是第六个写的。 ③ 序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词(a, an),用来表示“再一”,“又一”的意思。例: You may have a third try. 可以再次尝试一下。 (3) 时间表示法 ① 时间都由基数词表示。例: It's nine. 现在九点。 It's not five yet. 还不到五点。 ② 几点几分表示法有两种形式。 A.倒读法:与汉语顺序不同,先读“分”后说“点”。30分钟以内,用“分钟数”+past +“ 钟点数”表示“几点过几分”,超过30分钟,用“分钟数”+ to+ “下一个钟点数”表示“差几分到几点”。15分钟也可以用a quarter,30分钟也可以用a half。例: 只有指几点钟整时才用o'clock,如ten o'clock,但不可以说seven past ten o'clock. B.顺读法:与汉语顺序相同,连用两个基数词,第一个表示“点钟”,第二个表示“分钟”。例: 5:40 five forty 2:30 two thirty 1:15 one fifteen 这时的15和30不能用a quarter, a half代替。 (4) 日期表示法 ① 年的读法:用基数词,分成两位一读。例: 1949 nineteen forty-nine 1840 eighteen forty ② 月份的名称要大写。例: January February March April ④ 年、月、日的顺序:在英语中, 按月、日、年的顺序来读。例: 1949年10月1日 October (the)first nineteen forty-nine 1999年5月1日 the first of May nineteen ninety-nine 表示在“在某年、在某月”用介词in,如in2000,in September,表示“在某日 ”用介词on,如on July 8。 (5) 编号的读法 ① 表示“第几课(部分,章或节)”时,用序数词时,前面一定要加冠词;用基数词时,不用冠词,但语序与汉语相反。例: ② 当数字较长时,通常用基数词。例: 第219页 Page 219 (two one nine) 第306号房间 Room 306 (three o six) 第六路公共汽车 Bus Six 电话号码 885316 telephone number 885316 (eight eight five three one six) (6) 倍数的用法 ① The train arrived half an hour late. 火车晚到了半个小时。 half 是形容词。 ② He has three times as many books as I have. 他的书有我的三倍多。 (7) 分数的表达法: 分数在英语中通常是借助基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分 母。当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。 one third 三分之一 three fifths 五分之三 a/one quarter 四分之一 Three and one fourth 三又四分之一 (8) 几个半的表达法 基数词+and+a half +名词复数=基数词+名词(单/复数)+and+ a half two and a half hours=two hours and a half两个半小时 I. Choose the best answer ( )1. Please turn to _. A. Page 11 B. the 11 st page C. page 11 D. page the 11 th ( )2. At night we can see _ stars in the sky. A. thousands and thousands of B. thousand and thousands of C. a thousand and thousands D. thousand and thousand ( )3. There are some _ in our classroom. A. hundred of books B. the hundreds of books C. hundreds of books D. hundred of book ( )4. I have been to the village _. A. a hundred time B. hundred times C. hundreds of times D. hundred of times ( )5. There are _ students in our school. A. four—hundred and forty—five B. four hundred and forty—five C. four hundreds and forty—five D. four hundred and forty five ( )6. The teacher told me to go over _ lessons. A. thirst three B. the three first C. three the first D. the first three ( )7. May is _ of a year. A. the fifth months B. the fifth month C. the five months D. the five month ( )8. We live in _. A. the twenty-first century B. the century twenty-oneC. century twenty-one D. the century twenty-first ( )9. He said he was going to be free in _. A. one and a half hour B. one hour and half C. one and half hours D. an hour and a half ( )10. -How many English books are there on the table?-There is only _English book on it. A. a B. an C. one D. the ( )11. Mr Smith stayed in _ last night. A. Room 403 B. the Room 403 C. the 403 room D. 403 the room ( )12. The road is _. A. two thousand and five hundred metres long B. two thousands metres long C. long one thousand five hundred metre D. a thousand and five hundreds metres long ( )13. He joined the army on _ of May 1980. A. 1 st B. the 1 C. first D. the first ( )14. Is Sunday the _ day of the week? A. a B. one C. once D. first ( )15. March the _ is Women's Day. A. eighth B. ninth C. tenth D. eight ( )16. September is the _month of the year. A. nineth B. ninth C. nine D. the twelveth ( )17. December the _ is Christmas. A. twenty-five B. twenty-fifth C. twentieth-five D. twenty-five ( )18. Another way of saying Lesson 12 is _. A. Lesson ten-two B. Lesson Ten-second C. the Twelfth Lesson D. Twelfth lesson II. .Translate the following into English: 1. 电话号码8485308 _ 2. 第六十四中学 _ 3. 成千上万的儿童 _ 4. 两个月半 _ 5. 45路公共汽车 _ 6. 三分之一 _ 7. 五分之四 _ 8. 第501房间 _ 9. 第二层 _ 10. 第三次 _ 11. 第五册 _ 12. 两周半 _ 13. 第三天早上玛丽没有迟到。_ 14. 在二十世纪三十年代 _ 15. 中华路21号_ III.提高篇。 ( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12 ( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A.ten-year-old B.ten years old C.ten-year-old D.fifth years old ( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men. A.two B.the second C.the two D.second ( ) 4.Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States. A.16 B.the 16 C.16th D.the 16th ( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _ ? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second ( ) 6. How many students are there in your class? _. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties ( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth ( ) 8. The People's Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927 ( ) 9.The number 4,123 is read _. A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three ( ) 10.The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty ( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as ( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third ( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? It's _. A.fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car ( ) 14.Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old. ( ) 15.Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of ( ) 16.How many new words are there in _ lesson? There are only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five ( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter China's market. A.In 1970's B.In 1970s C.In the 1970s' D.In the 1970s ( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _ A.ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten mile's walk D. tenth mile walk ( ) 20. Which room do you live in? _. A.The 201 Room B.Room 201 C.Room 201st D.The 201's Room ( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have _. A. two B. both C. twice D. the second ( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170 ( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country. A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions IV. 写作小练: 网络正逐渐走进我们的生活,而其利弊也都不同程度地显现了出来。请以“Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet”为题,写一篇80字左右的短文。 提示:可以从read news, e-mail, chat, study, play, games, see the pictures of films even the unhealthy ones等方面加以评论。 _ 1 ( 6 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$