2024年中考英语外刊精读（英国各地的暴力骚乱）

英国各地的暴力骚乱，你了解吗？ | 纽约时报 After a weekend of violent uprisings across Britain, set off by a deadly stabbing rampage and an anti-immigrant disinformation campaign that followed it, tensions are high from the streets to government leaders’ offices. 一起致命的持刀砍人事件和随后的反移民虚假宣传在周末触发了英国各地的暴力骚乱，从街头到政府领导人的办公室，气氛十分紧张。 Here is what we know as the country enters a new week of uncertainty. 随着这个国家进入充满不确定的新一周，我们了解到的情况如下。 Where has the unrest taken place? 骚乱发生在哪里？ Protesters over the weekend took to the streets of a dozen cities across the United Kingdom, most of them in England. Trouble broke out from Aldershot in the south to Sunderland in the north and Liverpool in the west. Belfast, in Northern Ireland, was also drawn into the fray. 周末，英国有十几个城市出现街头抗议，其中大多数在英格兰。从南部的奥尔德肖特到北部的桑德兰和西部的利物浦都爆发了骚乱。北爱尔兰的贝尔法斯特也被卷入其中。 In some cases, the protesters were merely unruly, but in others the violence was far more pronounced. 在某些地方，抗议者只是不太规矩，但一些地方的暴力行为非常明显。 第一，学习uprising的用法。这个词做名词，表示an attempt by a group of people to change the government, laws etc in an area or country，起义，暴动，例：a popular uprising (= by the ordinary people in a country) 平民暴动 第二，学习rampage的用法。这个词做名词，表示to rush about in groups, acting in a wild or violent way，横冲直撞，例：Drunken football fans rampaged through the streets. 喝醉酒的足球迷在街上横冲直撞。 第三，学习pronounced的用法。这个词做形容词，表示very great or noticeable，明显的，显眼的，例：a pronounced Polish accent 明显的波兰口音 On Sunday, rioters set upon a hotel that has housed asylum seekers in the town of Rotherham, in northern England, breaking windows before surging inside as the police struggled to control them. It remained unclear whether asylum seekers were still staying at the hotel and no guests were injured in the melee, police said. 周日，暴徒们冲进英格兰北部罗瑟勒姆镇一家为寻求庇护者提供住宿的酒店，砸碎窗户，蜂拥而入，警方竭力控制他们。警方表示，目前尚不清楚寻求庇护者是否仍住在酒店，没有客人在混战中受伤。 In Middlesbrough, a group of rioters, some masked, hurled bottles and rocks at officers. Cars were set on fire, and at least nine people were arrested. On Saturday, a library and a food bank were set alight in Liverpool as groups damaged and looted businesses, and in Hull, fires were set and storefronts smashed in the city center. 在米德尔斯堡，一群戴面具的暴徒向警察投掷瓶子和石块。汽车被点燃，至少九人被捕。周六，利物浦的一家图书馆和一家食品银行被人纵火，一些人破坏和抢劫了商户。在赫尔市中心发生了纵火和店面被砸事件。 Nearly 150 people were arrested over the weekend, national police representatives said, and dozens of police suffered injuries, including some that required trips to the hospital. 国家警察机构的代表说，周末有近150人被捕，数十名警察受伤，其中一些人需要送医。 第一，学习set on/upon/against (doing) sth的用法。这个词组表示determined about something，一心想/决心要/坚决反对（做）某事，例：Nina’s set on going to the party. 尼娜铁了心要去参加这次派对。 第二，学习alight的用法。这个词做形容词，表示burning，着火的，燃烧着的，例：The car was set alight and pushed over a hill. 那辆汽车被点燃后就被推下山去。 第三，学习storefront的用法。这个词做名词，表示the part of a store that faces the street，〔临街的〕店面，铺面。 What set off the protests? 是什么引发了抗议活动？ The unrest began after a 17-year-old wielding a knife attacked a children’s dance class on Monday in the seaside town of Southport, which is near Liverpool. Three children were killed, and eight were wounded. 周一，在利物浦附近的海滨小镇绍斯波特，一名17岁的男子持刀袭击了一个儿童舞蹈班，从而引发骚乱。三名儿童死亡，八人受伤。 The suspect was born and raised in Britain, but online rumors soon circulated that he was an undocumented immigrant. To counter those false claims, the authorities took the unusual step of publicly identifying him. But with migration a flashpoint issue in Britain, especially on the far right, the rumors were all it took. 这名嫌疑人在英国出生和长大，但网上很快就有传言称他是无证移民。为了反驳这些虚假的说法，当局采取了不寻常的措施，公开了他的身份。但在英国，移民问题是一个热点问题，尤其是在极右翼势力中，只要有谣言就已足够。 Extremist groups urged their followers to take to the streets, and the day after the stabbings, they began to do so, starting in Southport. 极端组织呼吁追随者走上街头，在袭击事件发生后的第二天，这些人开始响应号召，首先开始的是绍斯波特市。 第一，学习wield的用法。这个词做及物动词，表示to hold a weapon or tool that you are going to use，拿起〔武器或工具〕，例：She had her car windows smashed by a gang wielding baseball bats. 她的车窗被一伙人挥舞棒球棒砸碎了。 第二，学习flashpoint的用法。这个词做名词，表示a place where trouble or violence might easily develop suddenly and be hard to control，危机即将爆发之处，例：Hebron has been a flashpoint for years. 数年来，希伯伦的局势一触即发。 How have the authorities responded? 当局如何回应？ The riots prompted a heavy police response. Nearly 4,000 additional officers were deployed, a law enforcement association said. 骚乱引起了警察的严厉回应。一个执法协会称，警方增派了近4000名警察。 “Be in no doubt: Those who have participated in this violence will face the full force of the law,” Prime Minister Keir Starmer said in a statement on Sunday. “毫无疑问，那些参与暴力的人将面临法律的严惩，”首相斯塔默周日在声明中说。 “I guarantee you will regret taking part in this disorder, “ Mr. Starmer said, “whether directly or those whipping up this action online and then running away themselves. This is not protest. It is organized, violent thuggery.” “我保证你会后悔参与这场混乱，”斯塔默说，“无论是直接参与的人，还是那些在网上煽动这种行为然后自己逃之夭夭的人。这不是抗议。这是有组织的暴力行动。” BJ Harrington, the head of public order for Britain’s National Police Chiefs’ Council, said online disinformation had been “a huge driver of this appalling violence.” 英国国家警察局长委员会负责公共秩序的BJ·哈林顿表示，网上的虚假信息是“这起骇人听闻的暴力事件的重要推手”。 Intelligence teams, detectives and neighborhood officers, Mr. Harrington said, are working to identify the people fomenting the violence. 哈林顿说，情报小组、侦探和社区官员正在努力找出煽动暴力的人。 “They won’t win,” he said. “他们不会赢的，”他说。 Even as the authorities vow to crack down on the violence, they have long struggled to tamp down disinformation on social media, one of the accelerants behind the riots. Britain and other democracies have found that policing the internet is legally murky terrain, where individual rights and free speech protections are balanced against a desire to block harmful material. 尽管当局誓言要打击暴力，但他们长期以来一直难以遏制社交媒体上的虚假信息，而这正是骚乱背后的催化剂之一。英国和其他民主国家已经发现，对互联网的监管在法律上是一个模糊的领域——既要保护个人权利和言论自由，又要阻止有害信息。 What are the political implications? 这有什么政治影响？ The riots are the first political crisis for Mr. Starmer, who took office only a month ago after his Labour Party defeated the Conservatives, who had been in power in Britain for 14 years. 斯塔默上任仅一个月，他所在的工党击败了在英国执政14年的保守党，这次骚乱是他遭遇的首次政治危机。 While in power, the Conservatives tried to capitalize on public unhappiness over immigration, vowing to reduce it (though they failed to do so). But in recent days, they joined Labour in condemning the violent protests. 执政期间，保守党曾试图利用公众对移民的不满，发誓要减少移民（尽管他们未能做到）。但最近几天，他们与工党一起谴责暴力抗议活动。 Former Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who is now the opposition leader, said the unrest had “nothing to do with the tragedy in Southport.” The police, he said, have “our full support to deal with these criminals swiftly.” 现任反对党领袖、前首相苏纳克表示，骚乱“与绍斯波特市的悲剧无关”。他说，“我们全力支持（警方）迅速处理这些罪犯”。 Mr. Starmer held an emergency meeting on Monday, part of an established protocol that brings together relevant government ministers, civil servants, and representatives from the police and intelligence services. 依循召集相关大臣、公务员以及警方和情报部门代表的既定规则，斯塔默周一召开了一次紧急会议。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$