专项卷一 阅读理解(单选) 课件- 2024-2025学年冀教版英语九年级全册

专项卷一 阅读理解(单选) Passage　1 When studying or working abroad for the first time, you will probably experience culture shock. Although it can be quite stressful, it’s possible for you to overcome it and grow as a result. Let’s take a look at the five stages (阶段) in culture shock. 【导语】文章主要介绍了到国外学习或工作时，经历及应对文化冲击的五个阶段。 1. How do people usually feel about the host country at first？ _____ A. Relaxed. B. Worried. C. Serious. D. Excited. 解析：细节理解题。根据图中阶段①的介绍“Everything is new and exciting. You are surprised at your host country and have an amazing time. ”可知，初到国外时会对一切感到新奇和兴奋。故选D。 2. People feel the worst in stage _____. A. ② B. ③ C. ④ D. ⑤ 解析：细节理解题。根据图中各个阶段的介绍，并结合曲线可知，对文化冲击的感受在阶段③达到最低谷，在此阶段，人们会感到想家、愤怒和无助。故选B。 3. Who may experience culture shock？ _____ A. A boss doing national business. B. A volunteer working in his community. C. An exchange student studying abroad. D. An English teacher working at a local school. 解析：推理判断题。根据文章首句“When studying or working abroad for the first time, you will probably experience culture shock. ”可知，到国外学习或工作的人可能会经历文化冲击。因此C项符合题意。 Passage　2 [2024·丹东一模] 【导语】本文是巴黎奥运会志愿者招募的海报。 1. If you want to be a volunteer of Paris 2024 Olympics, you need to _____. A. speak English and French B. be at least 18 years old C. be free in September of 2024 D. have a 10­day training 解析：细节理解题。根据“Be at least 18 years old on Jan 1，2024. ”可知需要18岁以上。故选B。 2. What will be offered if you become a volunteer？ _____ A. Living places. B. Three meals a day. C. Plane tickets. D. Free public transport. 解析：细节理解题。根据“▲All public transport will be free. ”可知公共交通是免费的。故选D。 3. What benefit can you get as a volunteer？ _____ A. You can meet some movie stars. B. You can give gifts to sportsmen. C. You can collect some souvenirs. D. You can join in an Olympic event. 解析：细节理解题。根据“◆Collect souvenirs (纪念品) and gifts. ”可知可以收集一些纪念品。故选C。 Passage　3 [2023·鞍山]China has made a system of laws to protect the environment. It has helped build beautiful China，according to a work report. The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas，such as the Yangtze River Protection Law，the Yellow River Protection Law，the Black Soil (土壤) Protection Law，the law on the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau and so on. These environmental protection laws assist with beautiful China. China protects and improves the environment in which people live. It has made great efforts to prevent and control pollution. Over the past five years，the air quality(质量) has stayed at the good level on 86. 5 percent of the days in cities. The country has also made progress in preventing and controlling soil pollution and continued to protect forests，rivers，lakes and so on. What’s more，China has managed to make laws to protect wild animals and plants，provide homes for many animals and teach the public to help them. Animals are friends of humans，and protecting animals is also to protect the home of humans. A good environment is important to humans. Without the fresh air or clean water，we can’t live on the earth. The Chinese government has taken action to protect both the environment and ourselves. 【导语】本文介绍了中国为保护环境和野生动物所采取的一系列法规措施。 1. There are at least _____ laws in Paragraph 2. A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段的The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas，such as the Yangtze River Protection Law，the Yellow River Protection Law，the Black Soil Protection Law，the law on the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau and so on. 可知，共提到了五条法规。故选A。 2. The underlined word “assist” in Paragraph 2 is similar to _____. A. part B. agree C. help D. deal 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的These environmental protection laws以及beautiful China可知，此处指“这些环境保护法有助于建设美丽中国”，所以这里的 assist与help同义。故选C。 3. According to Paragraph 3，we have done something to protect the animals，including _____. ①providing homes for many animals ②giving animals more food ③teaching the public to help animals ④making laws to protect wild animals and plants A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ 解析：细节理解题。 根据第三段的What’s more，China has managed to make laws to protect wild animals and plants，provide homes for many animals and teach the public to help them. 可知，①③④符合题意。故选B。 4. Over the past five years，the air quality in cities has generally stayed at the _____ level. A. bad B. terrible C. poor D. good 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Over the past five years，the air quality(质量) has stayed at the good level on 86. 5 percent of the days in cities. 可知，在过去的五年里，城市的空气质量保持在不错的水平。故选D。 5. What’s the main idea of the passage？ _____ A. A system of laws has been made to protect soil around China. B. The country has made progress in preventing river pollution. C. China protects and improves the environment in which people live. D. China has taken action to protect the environment and humans. 解析：主旨大意题。 通读全文可知本文介绍了中国为保护环境和野生动物采取的一系列法规等措施，结合最后一句The Chinese government has taken action to protect both the environment and ourselves. 可知，D项“中国已经采取行动保护环境和人类”可概括文章主旨。故选D。 Passage　4 [2023·淮安]Most of us cannot imagine modern life without social media(社交媒体). We use it almost every day in order to keep up with what is happening in our friends’ lives，or find out the latest information. Although it has a bad influence if we don’t use it properly，social media has done more good than harm. The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily. We are still able to keep in touch with our friends if they are far away. With social media，friendship goes beyond geography. We are able to find friends old and new. Also，it makes it easier for us to make friends，especially for those who are afraid of making friends face to face. Are you shy？If yes，social media has probably helped. Social media is also ideal for making yourself heard. Anyone with a voice can express it. Anyone with a talent is free to show it. Everyone is the new content creator. Moreover，anyone with a smartphone and the Internet can be a reporter. As a result，it has become much faster to cover the news than ever before. Social media，on the other hand，can make us less confident sometimes. A 2021 study published by the Public Library of Science，found that the more a person uses social media，the sadder he feels about his own life. One reason for this is that people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. So we often get a distorted sense of how wonderful their lives are compared to our own. Social media does not cause sadness；it simply provides another tool for us to use. Is it good or bad？Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai says，“What is interesting is the power and influence of social media. . . We must try to use social media in a good way. ” After all，you decide how you use this powerful tool. 【导语】文章主要讨论了社交媒体在现代生活中的作用和影响。 1. What is the greatest advantage of social media according to the passage？ _____ A. Expressing our voices freely. B. Showing our talents to others. C. Recording the best side of our life. D. Connecting with people more easily. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily. 可知，社交媒体最大的优点是人们更容易和他人联系。故选D。 2. What does the word “distorted” probably mean in Paragraph 4? _____ A. clear B. different C. incorrect D. simple 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的Social media，on the other hand，can make us less confident sometimes. . . people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. 和how wonderful their lives are compared to our own可知，这些信息和图片会给我们不正确的看法。故选C。 3. Which picture shows the structure(结构) of the passage？(①＝Paragraph 1，. . . ) _____ 解析：篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段总体介绍了社交媒体，第二段和第三段介绍了社交媒体的优点，第四段介绍了社交媒体的缺点，第五段作者建议我们正确对待社交媒体。故选B。 4. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ _____ A. Social Media：Our Friend or Enemy? B. Social Media：to Use or Not to Use? C. Social Media：Connecting the World D. Social Media：Making Yourself Heard 解析：最佳标题题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体的优点和缺点。故选A。 Passage　5 [2023·德州]Scientists Train AI to Read Human Thoughts Scientists have created a new tool that can turn people’s thoughts into words. It works by using an AI program called GPT­1 to translate brain activity into words. In order to achieve this，scientists did a lot. First，scientists got everything ready before the tests. They invited some volunteers. Each spent sixteen hours listening to stories in a scanner (扫描仪). They imagined the stories as they heard them，and the scanner recorded their brain activity. GPT­1 made connections between the ideas in the stories and the recordings of the listeners’ brain activity. Then came the tests. The scientists did them in three different ways. Test 1 The researchers played a new story. GPT­1 was only given recordings of the volunteers’ brain activity. But the words that GPT­1 predicted (预测) were very similar to the words in the story that they were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same，but they often carried the same meaning. For example，when a volunteer was listening to a story about a woman who didn’t have a driver’s license (驾照)，the program came up with this: “She hasn’t even started to learn to drive yet. ” Test 2 The scientists also carried out the test when volunteers imagined their own stories. “It really works at the level of ideas. The ideas are the same but expressed in different words，” says Alexander Huth，one of the scientists behind the study. Test 3 The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all. GPT­1 could still figure out (算出) the basic ideas. After the tests，the scientists say that GPT­1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery (外科手术). The tool isn’t something that can be easily used today，mainly because of the size and the cost of the scanner. In the future，they believe，a similar but cheaper tool could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease. The scientists say their tool can’t be used to “read people’s minds” without permission (允许). The tool only works if the person wants to share their thoughts. 【导语】科学家已经开发出一种新工具，可以将人的思想转化为语言。这个工具通过使用一个名为GPT­1的AI程序来将大脑活动翻译成文字。科学家们通过三种不同的测试方式验证了这个工具的有效性。 1. What was the scanner used to do？ _____ A. Record brain activity. B. Read the volunteers’ ideas. C. Catch the ideas of stories. D. Work out the ideas. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的the scanner recorded their brain activity可知扫描仪记录大脑活动。故选A。 2. What was GPT­1 used to do？ _____ A. Receive sounds. B. Test the scanner. C. Produce silent movies. D. Turn recordings of brain activity into words. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的It works by using an AI program called GPT­1 to translate brain activity into words. 可知GPT­1把大脑活动的记录转化成文字。故选D。 3. In which way was information put into volunteers’ brain in Test 3? _____ A. Listening. B. Imagining. C. Watching. D. Reading. 解析：细节理解题。 根据Test 3中的The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all. 可知研究人员给志愿者们看了一些无声电影，这些电影没有任何言语，所以是“看”。故选C。 4. Why did scientists do the tests？ _____ A. To show how the tool works. B. To prove that the tool works well. C. To test in which fields the tool can be used. D. To study whose mind can be read. 解析：推理判断题。 根据第一段的In order to achieve this，scientists did a lot. 以及第二段的First，scientists got everything ready before the tests. 以及第三段的Then came the tests. The scientists did them in three different ways. 可知科学家们创造了一种新的工具，可以把人们的思想转化为文字，为了证明这个工具运行良好，所以才做测试，故选B。 5. Who could the tool help according to the passage？ _____ A. People who can’t speak. B. People who can’t hear. C. People who can’t read. D. People who can’t drive. 解析：推理判断题。根据Test 3中的The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all. GPT­1 could still figure out the basic ideas. 可推断这个工具可以帮助不能说话的人。故选A。 Passage　6 [2023·淄博]Have you ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling(丑小鸭)？Do you know that his motherland is Denmark? It lies in northern Europe. Let me tell you something about it. You can find almost any fast food in Denmark，such as hamburgers and hot dogs. Danish open­faced sandwiches are not only delicious，but also pretty and fun. They are works of art. Tasting some is an experience that shouldn’t be missed. “Lego”toys were created in Denmark. The toys were made of wood before. Building with Legos helps students learn about engineering，physics and technology in a fun way. In 1968，the first legoland of theme park opened in Billund，Denmark. Today，there are Legoland parks in California，Florida，Malaysia，Dubai，Windsor，Japan and Germany. Bicycling is popular in Denmark. Nine out of ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes no matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes for fun. They use bikes to get to work，to take their kids to places，and even to carry goods. Today，more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark：“A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend. ” Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen’s another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid(美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue(雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck. 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了丹麦的一些特色和文化。 1. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to？ _____ A. The Ugly Duckling. B. Denmark. C. Europe. D. Fast food. 解析：代词指代题。 根据第一段的Do you know that his motherland is Denmark？It lies in northern Europe. 可知It指的是丹麦。故选B。 2. According to Paragraph 4，we can call Denmark “_____”. A. the country of bikes B. the land of fairy stories C. the capital of art D. the home of Legos 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Today，more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark：“A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend. ”可知丹麦自行车非常多，因此可称为“自行车之国”。故选A。 3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Little Mermaid statue？ _____ A. It’s called fairy land. B. It was built by Andersen. C. It welcomes the ships there. D. It has been there for about 110 years. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的The Little Mermaid statue has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck. 可知它已经存在了大约110年。故选D。 4. What does the passage mainly talk about？ _____ A. Fairy tales. B. Andersen’s life. C. Some facts about Denmark. D. The history of Denmark. 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了丹麦的一些特色和文化，如丹麦的美食、乐高玩具、自行车及童话等。因此C项可概括文章主旨。 Passage　7 [2023·荆门]It might be strange to wear clothes made out of plastic bottles. But in fact，some clothing companies are already making such clothes. Fashion (时尚) brand JUMA recently showed its newest collection at a workshop in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items from the collection，including jumpsuits，jackets，shirts and dresses，were made from recycled plastic bottles. “We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to decompose (分解). We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment，”said Alia Juma，the company’s design director. Many other fashion companies are finding similar ways to save our planet these days. The process is rather simple. First，the plastic bottles are washed and cut into small pieces. Then they are melted (融化) and shaped into small balls. The balls are melted again to form thread(线). People can then use the thread to make different kinds of clothes. According to Juma，it takes 67，000 bottles to create one ton of thread. This cuts down carbon emission (碳排放) by 4. 2 tons and water use by 6. 2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread. “Three bottles can make one glove. Five can make a skirt，ten a dress，and twenty a short coat，”Juma said. Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to Causeartist，a website that focuses on innovation(创新)，clothes made from plastics could even be better than nylon and polyester (涤纶). Plastic thread can be made into different textures (质地)，such as cotton，silk，or even wool. It seems that this innovation may lead to a greener future of the fashion industry. 【导语】文章主要介绍了一些服装公司正在使用回收的塑料瓶制作衣服。 1. The underlined word “landfills” probably means “_____”in Chinese. A. 填埋池 B. 游乐场 C. 栖息地 D. 风景区 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to decompose. 可推知此处是指水瓶垃圾被扔进填埋池。故选A。 2. Why does JUMA make clothes out of plastic bottles？ _____ A. To compete with other companies. B. To create a new fashion. C. To meet the needs of the design director. D. To help improve the environment and cut down pollution. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment可知JUMA用塑料瓶做衣服是为了帮助改善环境，减少污染，故选D。 3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ _____ A. How plastic bottles are collected. B. How plastic bottles are turned into thread. C. How other fashion companies make clothes. D. How other fashion companies melt the bottles. 解析：段落大意题。 根据第四段的Many other fashion companies are finding similar ways to save our planet these days. The process is rather simple. First. . . Then. . . 可推知第四段主要介绍了其他时装公司是如何利用塑料垃圾制作服装的，故选C。 4. In which part of a newspaper can we find the passage？ _____ A. Food and Health. B. Sports and Fashion. C. Environment and Technology. D. History and Culture. 解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些服装公司正在使用回收的塑料瓶制作衣服，可推知我们能在报纸的环境和科技版块读到这篇文章，故选C。 Passage　8 [2023·常州]Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they need，including food，air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars. Six astronauts on an eight­month trip to Mars will need at least 18，000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing. They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells. But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm. That’s a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs $ 33，000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take，the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars，but the problem is that it’s too expensive. But Flynn，an engineer at NASA，thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff(物料)，why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship? Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside，the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb (蜂巢). These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water，dried food and algae (水藻). All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection. And stopping radiation doesn’t influence the food or water itself—it’s safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again and again？Flynn and his team call their packed­pocket idea Water Walls. Making oxygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space. “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s done here on our Earth—with living plants，” Flynn says. Living plants take in CO2 to make their food，and give off oxygen. “Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft，so we use algae，”he says. Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too，fed by human waste and sunlight，eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality very soon. 【导语】文章主要讲述了将宇航员送往火星的一个巨大挑战：为火星之行打包一艘飞船。因此，工程师Flynn提出了一种名为“水墙”的想法：利用水和藻类来构建飞船的墙壁，并实现水的循环利用，以解决这个问题。 1. What does the underlined phrase “packing a spaceship” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean？ _____ A. Repairing things in a spaceship. B. Recycling things in a spaceship. C. Checking things in a spaceship. D. Putting things into a spaceship. 解析：语义猜测题。根据第一段的Astronauts will have to take everything they need，including food，air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars. 可推知此处是指把东西放进宇宙飞船是一个挑战，故选D。 2. What is the advantage of Flynn’s system？ _____ A. Cost is saved. B. Travelling time is saved. C. Plastic bags are saved. D. Food is saved. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的The more you take，the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars，but the problem is that it’s too expensive. 以及第四段的But Flynn. . . thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff(物料)，why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship？并结合下文，可推知弗林系统的优势是节省了成本，故选A。 3. What is one purpose of Flynn’s idea of Water Walls？ _____ A. To prevent space rays during the space trip. B. To make the whole spaceship stronger. C. To control the temperature in the spaceship. D. To produce water in the spaceship. 解析：推理判断题。 根据第二段中的They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells. But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm. 可推知弗林的水墙概念的目的之一是在太空旅行中防止太空射线，故选A。 4. Why are algae put in the plastic bags？ _____ A. To prevent water from being polluted. B. To serve as food for astronauts. C. To provide oxygen for astronauts. D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的The algae will live in bags in the walls too，fed by human waste and sunlight，eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. 可知藻类是为了制造供宇航员呼吸的氧气，故选C。 $$