2024年中考英语语法：数词&专项练习

中考英语语法:数词&专项练习 考点: 一、基数词 二、序数词 三、分数 四、小数 五、百分数 六、数词的常见表达 七.中考英语中数词的易错点主要包括以下几个方面 八.英语数词易错点的口诀 一、基数词 构成:0 - 12 为独立的单词,13 - 19 以 -teen 结尾,20 - 90 整十的数以 -ty 结尾,21 - 99 是“几十”加上“几”,百位以上的数词在百位和十位之间加 and。 例如:13 - thirteen,20 - twenty,35 - thirty-five,101 - one hundred and one 用法:表示数量、编号、年龄等。 二、序数词 构成:一般在基数词后加 -th,但特殊的有:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth 等。 例如:four - fourth,six - sixth 用法:表示顺序,前面通常要加 the。 三、分数 构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时,分母用复数。 例如:1/3 - one third,2/5 - two fifths 四、小数 由整数部分、小数点和小数部分组成,小数点读 point,小数部分按数字依次读出。 例如:3.14 - three point one four 五、百分数 由“基数词 + percent”构成。 例如:50% - fifty percent 六、数词的常见表达 1.表示年代:用“in + the + 年代数 + s / 's”。 例如:in the 1990s (在 20 世纪 90 年代) 2.表示时刻:整点用“基数词 + o'clock”,非整点有两种表达方式,如 8:20 可以是 eight twenty 或者 twenty past eight。 3.表示“大约”:about,around,more than,over 等。 4.表示“在某人几十多岁时”:in one's + 整十的基数词复数。 例如:in her thirties (在她三十多岁时) 七.中考英语中数词的易错点主要包括以下几个方面: 1.基数词和序数词的拼写和用法混淆 例如,将“第九”写成“ninth”而不是“nineth”;将“第 40”写成“fortieth”而不是“fortyeth”。 在使用时,该用基数词的地方用了序数词,或者该用序数词的地方用了基数词。 2.分数的表达 分子大于 1 时,分母的序数词忘记加“s”。例如,“三分之二”应是“two thirds”,而不是“two third”。 3.数字的读法 较大数字的读法,如“hundred”“thousand”“million”“billion”的使用规则容易出错。例如,“300”应是“three hundred”,而不是“three hundreds”;“5000”是“five thousand”,不是“five thousands”。 4.概数的表达 “about”“around”“more than”“over”“less than”等与数词搭配使用时,容易出错。比如“超过 200 人”应是“more than 200 people”,而不是“more 200 people”。 5.年龄的表达 “in one's + 整十的基数词复数”这个结构容易出错,例如“在他四十多岁时”应是“in his forties”,不是“in his forty”。 6.编号的表达 如“第 5 课”,用“Lesson 5”或“the fifth lesson”,容易混淆两种表达方式。 八.英语数词易错点的口诀 基数词变序数词口诀: 一、二、三,单独记; th 从四起; 八去 t,九除 e; ve 要用 f 替; 整十基数变序数,先把 ty 变成 tie; 要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。 分数表达口诀: 分子基,分母序,分子大于 1,分母加 s。 数字读法口诀: hundred 不加 s,thousand 也别加; million 和 billion,用法同样佳; 具体数字两无 s,模糊数字两有它。 专项练习 一、基数词 1. There are _ students in our class. A. forty B. fortieth C. fourty 2. I have _ books. A. twenty-one B. twenty first C. twentieth one 3. The old man is _ years old. A. ninety B. ninetieth C. nineties 二、序数词 1. My birthday is on the _ of June. A. three B. third C. thirteen 2. This is my _ time to visit the Great Wall. A. one B. first C. the first 3. He was the _ to arrive at the meeting. A. fifth B. five C. five 三、分数 1. Three quarters of the students in our class are boys. What does “Three quarters” mean? A. 四分之一 B. 四分之三 C. 三分之四 2. Two fifths of the water in the bottle is dirty. The underlined part means “_”. A. 20% B. 40% C. 60% 3. About _ of the workers in the factory are women. A. three-fifths B. third-fifths C. three-fifth 四、小数 1. The price of this computer is 3,580 yuan. It reads _. A. three thousand five hundred and eighty B. three thousands five hundred and eighty C. three thousand five hundreds and eighty 2. The little boy is only 1.60 meters tall. The number “1.60” reads _. A. one point six zero B. one and sixty C. one point sixty 五、百分数 1. 60% of the students in our school _ boys. A. is B. are C. be 2. About _ of the land is covered with forests. A. 30 percent B. 30 percents C. thirtieth percent 六、数词的常见表达 1. He started to play the piano at the age of _. A. five B. fifth C. the fifth 2. There are more than two _ people in the city. A. millions B. million C. million of 3. We have lessons from Monday to Friday. Saturday and Sunday are our _. A. weekdays B. weekends C. workdays 七、综合填空 用适当的数词完成短文。 There are 12 months in a year. December is the _ (twelve) month. A week has 7 days. Saturday is the _ (seven) day. We have _ (three) meals a day. Breakfast is the _ (one) meal. There are _ (sixty) minutes in an hour. There are _ (four) seasons in a year. Spring is the _ (one) season. 八、句子翻译 1. 我姐姐十八岁了。 2.这是我第二次来上海。 3.五分之二的学生喜欢运动。 4.这个小数读作零点三五。 5.百分之八十的水是干净的。 答案: 一、基数词 1. A 2. A 3. A 二、序数词 1. B 2. B 3. A 三、分数 1. B 2. B 3. A 四、小数 1. A 2. A 五、百分数 1. B 2. A 六、数词的常见表达 1. A 2. B 3. B 七、综合填空 1. twelfth 2. seventh 3. three 4. first 5. sixty 6. four 7. first 八、句子翻译 1. My sister is eighteen years old. 2. This is my second time to come to Shanghai. 3. Two fifths of the students like sports. 4. This decimal reads zero point three five. 5. Eighty percent of the water is clean. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$