专题08 动词（考点精讲）-【中职专用】2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（山东专用）

专题08 动词 中职高考英语一轮复习 1 考纲要求·考情分析 01 考点突破·考法探究 03 目 录 04 课堂小结·查漏补缺 02 知识清单·网络构建 2 01 考纲要求·考情分析 3 1.掌握实义动词、连系动词的用法 。 2. 掌握助动词的用法。 3.掌握动词短语的固定搭配。 考纲要求 02 考点突破·考法探究 5 1.（2020春考）___________the test paper carefully before you hand it in. A.Go on B.Go over C.Go out D.Go down 【解析】选B.本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：“在你上交试卷之前要仔细检查。”go on,继续；go over,仔细检查；go out 出去；go down,下降。 考情分析 2.（2016春考）—How long have you _______the book? —Two weeks. A.lent B.kept C.bought D.borrowed 【解析】选B.本题考查动词辨析。根据题干中的“two weeks”,可以判断出空格处所填动词为延续性动词。 考情分析 1.感官动词的用法 2. 表示结果、变得等动词 3.助动词用法 4.动词+副词短语用法 注意常考内容： 备考策略 5.动词+介词短语用法 6.部分动词的比较 03 知识清单·网络构建 9 动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气三种形式的变化。从含义上分，动词分为实义动词(及物动词和不及物动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四类。 实义动词又称行为动词,有实在的意义,在句中可独立作谓语,它包括及物动词和不及物动词两种。 1.及物动词后必须带宾语。如: He sent me a new bike.他送给我一辆新自行车。 2.不及物动词不需要带宾语。如: Did she come yesterday?她昨天来了吗? 一、实义动词 连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。 1.最常用的连系动词是 be。如: We are in her room.我们在她的房间里。 2.英语的连系动词除be外，还有部分实义动词也可充当连系动词,常见的有以下两类。(1)表示状态:look,appear,seem,feel,remain,keep, continue, prove, sound, smell,taste 等。如: Smoking is bad for us to keep healthy.吸烟对我们保持健康来说是有害的。 His theory sounded reasonable.他的理论听起来合情合理。 二、连系动词 (2)表示结果:become，turn，get，grow，go，come，fall，run等。如: He became a teacher.他成了一名老师。 His face turned red with anger.他气得涨红了脸。 Your dream will come true some day.你的梦想某天会实现的。 二、连系动词 助动词 do，did，have，had，will，would，shall，should 等。助动词本身无意义，不能单独作谓语，其作用是辅助实义动词组成谓语，构成句子的疑问式、否定式以及构成各种时态、语态和语气。如: Do work hard.一定要努力学习。 She doesn't know my mother.她不认识我妈妈。 I have been to Qingdao three times.我已去过青岛三次。 I will take exercise this evening. 今天晚上我要锻炼身体。 三、助动词 1.动词+介词 常见的有 look for,look after,ask for,laugh at,hear of等，这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词后面。如: He was still looking for the blue pen.他还在找那支蓝色的钢笔。 Don’t laugh at others.不要嘲笑别人。 2.动词+副词 常见的有 give up,pick up,think over,find out，hand in等。这类动词短语的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前面，又可放在副词后面;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前面。如: You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.你明天要交作业。 四、动词短语的分类 3.动词+副词+介词 常见的有 go on with,catch up with等,这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词后面。如: After a short rest he went on with his research work.短暂休息后,他又继续他的研究工作。 4.动词+名词+介词 常见的有 take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等,这类动词短语宾语只能放在介词后面。如: We should make full use of our time我们应该充分利用时间。 四、动词短语的分类 5.动词+形容词 常见的有 leave open,set free,cut open等。这类动词短语的宾语如果是名词,则宾语可放在形容词的前面,也可放在后面;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则必须放在形容词前面。如: The prisoners were set free.囚犯们被释放了。 6.动词十名词 常见的有 take place, make friends 等,这类动词短语用作不及物动词。如： This story took place three years ago.这个故事发生在三年前。 四、动词短语的分类 1. accept 和 receive accept意为“接受,领受”,表示当事人的态度;receive 意为“收到,接到”,指收、接的动作,表示客观事实。如: Finally we accepted their explanation.最后我们接受了他们的解释。 I received an invitation yesterday,but I didn't accept it.我昨天收到了一份邀请，但我没接受。 五、部分动词的用法比较 2. beat, defeat 和 win beat,defeat表示“战胜(对手)”;win表示“赢得(比赛、项目、战争、名次、奖品等)”。如: We beat/defeated them by the score of 5to3.我们以5:3赢了他们。 He won the first prize in the swimming race.他在游泳比赛中获得了第一名。 3.borrow 和 lend borrow 是“借入”,表示“向……借,从……借”,可以和 from 连用;lend是“借出,借给’可以和to连用。如: -May I borrow your umbrella?我可以借你的雨伞吗? -Sorry,I have lent it to him.不好意思，我已经借给他了。 五、部分动词的用法比较 4. bring,fetch 和 take bring 表示从别处“拿来,带来”,指单程;fetch 表示“去拿来”，指往返双程;take表示走,带走,拿着”。如: When you come next time, bring your sister with you.你下次来的时候,请带上你的妹妹。 She goes to fetch her son from the kindergarten every afternoon她每天下午都要去幼儿园接她的儿子。 Fetch the doctor at once.请马上去叫医生来。 It is going to rain.Take the umbrella with you.要下雨了，带上雨伞。 Father will take his daughter to the zoo.父亲要带女儿去动物园。 五、部分动词的用法比较 5. take， spend,cost和pay 四个词都有“花费”的意思,但要注意它们的用法及介词搭配。 (1)It takes sb.time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事。如: It took me two hours to do my homework.做作业花了我两个小时。 (2)sb.spend time/money doing/on sth.某人花费时间或金钱做某事/在……上花费时间或金钱。如: I spent three yuan on this book.这本书花了我三元钱。 (3)sth.cost sb.money某物花费某人多少钱。如: This book cost me three yuan.这本书花了我三元钱。 (4)sb.pay money for sth.某人付款买某物。如: I paid three yuan for this book.这本书花了我三元钱。 五、部分动词的用法比较 6. put on, have on, wear 和 dress 四个词都表示“穿”的意思，但用法不同。put on 表示动作,不与时间连用;have on 表示状态,不可用于进行时;wear表示状态，指习惯性的动作，be wearing 则指一定时间、地点的穿戴状态;dress 既可表示动作，又可表示状态。dress 作及物动词用时,表示“给……穿衣”,宾语应是人，常用于“dress+sb./oneself”结构中;作不及物动词用时，意为“穿衣”,表示经常性的状态。如: Put on more clothes.It's cold outside.多穿点衣服,外面冷。 He always has on/wears a blue coat.他总是穿一件蓝色外套。 I am wearing a new coat today.我今天穿了一件新外套。 Please dress quickly.请迅速穿好衣服。 五、部分动词的用法比较 7.leave和forget均可表示“遗忘”,其区别为: (1)leave在表示“遗忘”时,通常要与表示地点的状语连用。 如:I've left my wallet at home.我的钱包放在家里忘记带了。 (2)forget在表示“遗忘”时,通常有两种形式。 ①forget to dosth.忘记做某事(未做) 如:We forgot to think of the sick and the homeless.我们忘了顾及那些生病的和无家可归的人。 ②forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事(做了) 如:I forgot doing my homework.我忘了我做过作业了。 五、部分动词的用法比较 04 课堂小结·查漏补缺 23 一、动词的用法 （1）—Have you________to the email? —No,I haven’t.I’ll read it. A.replied B.answered C.sent D.got 【解析】选A.本题考查动词词义辨析。reply答复，不及物动词，常和to连用；answer回答，及物动词。sent,发送；get,得到。 （2）—______your sister like dancing? —No,she_______.She enjoys singing. A.Are;aren’t B.Do;don’t C.Does;doesn’t D.Is;isn’t 【解析】选C.本题考查助动词的用法。句意：“—你的姐姐喜欢跳舞吗？—不，她不喜欢，她喜欢唱歌。” （3）This silk dress_______so smooth.It’s made in China. A. tastes                B.smells                 C.sounds                         D.feels 【解析】选D.句意：“这件真丝连衣裙摸起来如此光滑，它产自中国。”feel摸起来；taste尝起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。 （4）Jack,I have to go shopping now.Please________your little sister at home. A. look like              B.look for               C.look up                         D.look after 【解析】选D.句意：“杰克，我现在要去购物，在家照顾你妹妹。”look after,照顾；look for寻找；look like看起来像；look up查询。 （5）If we travel aboard, we prefer to stay in five-star hotels.That’s because they_____guests with the best service to make them feel at home. A. preview               B.prevent               C.provide                         D.produce 【解析】选C.句意：“如果我们去国外旅游，我们更喜欢待在五星级酒店。那是因为它们_____给顾客最好的服务，使他们感到宾至如归。”preview预演，预览；prevent防止；produce生产；provide提供。 （6）Every time Bob is late,he’ll ________an excuse.So I wonder what his excuse is this time. A. put up                 B.set up                C.take up                         D.make up 【解析】选B.句意：“每次鲍勃迟到，他都会编一个借口。所以我想知道他这次的理由是什么。”set up an excuse编造一个理由。 （7）They_______you to have a good rest.  A. wish                  B.hope                  C.look forward                   D.suggest 【解析】选D.句意：“他们建议你好好休息。”wish/hope希望；look forward期待；suggest建议。 （8）To athletes, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver,but to______. A. take part               B.take place              C.take notes                     D.take care 【解析】选A.句意：“对于运动员来说，最重要的事不是获得金牌或银牌，而是______。”take part参与，参加；take place发生；take notes做笔记；take care照顾，照看。 二、动词的综合运用 Robert wanted to do well in his exams.He spent all his free time( )(study).He wanted to be a( )(science)when he grew( ).Unluckily,this meant that he was almost always serious. Though he was young, he didn’t relax and enjoy ( )(him). Robert’s first important exam was coming soon.He had spent almost all the week preparing( )it.He had got little sleep and( )(feel)very tired.However,Robert thought that he was ready for the exam. “I worked harder( )anyone else.I’m( )I will get a good grade." he thought during the breakfast. After breakfast, he started to feel a little ill.He also had a little headache and found it difficult to concentrate.But he refused to believe that he'd fail the exam.Robert arrived at the school hall and took his seat.He noticed how( )(relax) and happy his friends looked. studying scientist up himself for felt than sure relaxed spent time doing sth 冠词加名词 grow up长大 enjoy oneself prepare for be sure确信 and并列结构 look感官动词+adj. Thank You！ 29 $$