精品解析：2024届广东省江门市第一中学高三下学期阶段性考试（二）英语试题

江门一中2024届高三下学期阶段性考试（二） 英语试卷 第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions hoping to advance to the final competition. The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March. The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions. In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship. Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website. 1. Which word can best describe the regional competitions? A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging 2. What can we learn about the National Finals? A. The championship victory is highly valued. B. The event only involves fierce competitions. C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE. D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals. 3. What is the text? A. A news release. B. A survey report. C. A learning project. D. A scientific review. B Tatiana Erukhimova, a physics professor at Texas A&M University, performs physics tricks with endless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have received hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms. In those videos, Erukhimova uses everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers. Her YouTube page has about 2.5 million subscribers, a huge following overshadowing even the famous Aggie athletics program. Erukhimova knows how to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that easy. When she first started teaching college freshmen two decades ago, she struggled to grab their attention. It took her a while to find her strong Russian accent, which was once regarded as a barrier to connecting with her students, but has now endeared (使受欢迎) her to both students and fans online. “The key is to make myself approachable and my instruction personal,” she says, “Walk up and down the stairs while teaching rather than stay on the stage. Don’t just lecture, talk to them—make it interactive. And, of course, add showy demonstrations.” she says, “These demonstrations often help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life.” Growing up surrounded by physics, Erukhimova went on to get her Ph. D. in applied physics at the Russian Academy of Sciences. Two years after joining Texas A&M as a postdoctoral researcher in 2001, she jumped at the first opportunity to teach. As a leader in a STEM field where women are underrepresented, Erukhimova’s become a role model for some. She led a 2021 study that broke the stereotype (刻板印象) that men outperform women in physics courses. Grigory Rogachev, head of Physics department, says: “Erukhimova’s outreach work has helped bring visibility to the department, which has translated to a boost in donations and physics major applicants. She’s a performer in addition to being a scientist. And that is rare in the community.” 4. Why did the author mention Aggie athletics program? A. To show the variety of Erukhimova’s classes. B. To prove the success of Erukhimova’s videos. C. To reveal the sudden increase of Erukhimova’s following. D. To display the rich contents of Erukhimova’s YoutTube page. 5. What happened when Erukhimova taught college freshmen for the first time? A. Everything got along well. B. They were inspired by her classes. C. She failed to draw their attention. D. She enjoyed their affection for her accent. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Erukhimova? A. Energetic and strict. B. Serious and enthusiastic. C. Honest and attractive. D. Creative and easy-going. 7. What does Grigory Rogachev think of Erukhimova’s outreach work? A. It has led to a decrease in donation. B. It has inspired many girls to major in physics. C. It has helped people break the stereotype of women scientists. D. It has made a positive influence on improving physics community. C Research led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam shows that birds are affected by the mass use of fireworks on New Year’s Eve up to a distance of 10 km (6 miles) away. With data from weather radars and bird counts an international team of researchers revealed how many birds take off immediately after the start of the fireworks, at what distance from fireworks this occurs and which species groups mainly react. “Birds take off as a result of an acute flight response due to sudden noise and light. We already knew that many water birds react strongly, but now we also see the effect on other birds throughout the Netherlands, ”says ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam. In the scientific journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, the researchers therefore argue for large fireworks-free zones. Last year, other researchers at IBED discovered that geese are so affected by fireworks that they spend an average of 10% longer looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days. They apparently need that time to restore their energy to their former condition, after fleeing from the fireworks. Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live within a radius of 2. 5 km of inhabited areas, the consequences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. “Flying requires a lot of energy, so ideally birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter months. Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests and semi-open habitats. In addition, smaller birds such as tits and finches live there, which are less likely to fly away from disturbance.” The authors argue for fireworks-free zones in areas where large birds live. Hoekstra: “These buffer zones could be smaller in areas where light and sound travel less far, such as near forests. Furthermore, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible. It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone shows or decorative fireworks without very loud bangs.” 8. What can we learn about the research? A. It’s the first one about fireworks’ effects on birds. B. It’s conducted by collecting data from weather radars. C. It shows the extent of the fireworks’ influence on birds. D. It keeps track of birds throughout Netherlands and beyond. 9. Why did geese spend more time looking for food? A. To make up for the lost energy. B. To store more food in case. C. To find a new source of energy. D. To find a place without fireworks. 10. What does the underlined word “pronounced” in Para. 4 mean? A. Predictable. B. Noticeable. C. Admirable. D. Avoidable. 11. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Panic in the air B. Fireworks-free zones C. Fireworks in the world D. Birds throughout the country D When instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s, American housewives were doubtful. These mixes, promising easy cake-baking, felt too easy. The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix. This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They then asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadn’t built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders. Interestingly, the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most participants’ folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders. Beauty, it seems, is in the eye of the builder. Today, as cities are suffering from severe housing crises, the IKEA effect can give us insight into the well-being benefits of a self-building approach to housing development. Projects like WikiHouse and the “half-a-house” approach pioneered by Alejandro Aravena’s architecture company Elemental are working to make housing more affordable and sustainable by making it easier for people to build and personalize their own homes. “The moment people are involved with their built environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.” 12. What brought customers the joy of cake-baking according to paragraph 1? A. A better taste. B. An easy approach. C. A detailed recipe. D. An additional effort. 13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A. Creations are based on skills. B. Extra labor increases perceived value. C. Beauty is found through contrast. D. Strict management brings good quality. 14. What is Alastair Parvin’s attitude towards public involvement in housing? A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 15. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To promote a brand. B. To make a proposal. C. To explain a concept. D. To introduce a study. 第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Problem solving skills are increasingly valuable in the workplace — and could help you achieve more in your personal life too. Here’s how to enhance your strategy. • Develop analytical thinking The key to effective problem-solving is the ability to break down complex issues into smaller, more manageable components. ____16____. This involves systematically deconstructing a problem, understanding its differences and identifying the relationships between its various elements. Begin by clearly defining the problem at hand, identifying its key components and recognizing the interconnections between them. • Promote creativity ____17____. To develop creativity, you must engage in activities that can stimulate your imagination and form new ideas. Additionally, exposing yourself to different fields, experiences and cultures can serve as a source of creative problem-solving. • Strengthen communication skills Clear and brief communication is the key to effective problem-solving, acting as the bridge that connects diverse perspectives and adjusts individuals toward a common goal. Good communication begins with the art of expression. This needs choosing the right words and structuring information logically. Active listening, on the other hand, is the skill of receiving information with focus. ____18____ • Learn from mistakes Mistakes are not failures but a good way to success. Each mistake will give you a chance to think and learn. ____19____. Use this knowledge to inform your future problem-solving efforts. It not only accelerates the learning process but also encourages collective problem-solving skills. • ____20____ The journey to becoming an expert problem solver is an ongoing process of growth and improvement. Seeking continuous learning opportunities ensures that you stay ahead of changing challenges and acquire the necessary skills. Furthermore, networking with professionals in your field provides a good way of shared learning. A. Stay well informed B. Seek continuous learning C. Improving it requires a structured approach D. Out-of-the-box thinking is essential for problem-solving E. These will make sure your message is easy to understand F. Analyze what goes wrong and identify areas for improvement G. It involves not just hearing words but understanding the differences 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m sitting impatiently in our dusty car looking out. My travel buddy, Lucas, having taken in enough of the ____21____ , has gone to speak with someone from one of the nearby tourist souvenir huts. After ages, he walks towards me, ____22____some sausages, hot water, a new cowboy hat, and a big grin on his face. “We’re giving a man a ____23____ ,” he tells me. The idea seems ____24____but somehow safe, given that there are two of us and Lucas is a ____25____ to the country. How exciting to create an opportunity to meet people that you wouldn’t have met ____26____ . Now,as I look at Lucas’ new friend, I see a different kettle of fish. Michael is big. I mean really BIG. I watch in the side mirror as Michael ____27____towards the car. In his right boot is a big knife, pushed far enough in that only the handle and the base of the blade poke out. A knife! I would normally be alert to this ____28____ stranger now sitting in the back of my vehicle. However, with Lucas now eagerly ____29____ with him in a language I barely understand, I’m trying to let myself ____30____ . Then Lucas loosely translates the conversation they’re having as Michael proudly ____31____ his knife, explaining that he uses it for everything: opening bottles, picking his teeth, castrating his cows. Gradually, my___32___ towards our new stranger grows as he persistently tries to communicate with me, ____33____the mood of the car. Twenty minutes down winding mountain roads and we reach Michael’s house, where we are invited to have a meal with his ____34____ . Later that day, we leave the house without taking any contact details from Michael. There is an unspoken understanding that this____35____friendship is enough. 21. A. meal B. gift C. money D. view 22. A. leaving B. carrying C. taking D. offering 23 A. treat B. welcome C. ride D. coin 24. A. daring B. pleasant C. practical D. worthwhile 25. A. newcomer B. foreigner C. local D. visitor 26. A. otherwise B. instead C. though D. nevertheless 27. A. climbs B. cycles C. flies D. marches 28. A. cold B. friendly C. enormous D. slim 29. A. singing B. chatting C. arguing D. complaining 30. A. sleep B. wait C. ease D. forget 31. A. pulls out B. gives out C. picks out D. sets out 32 A. fear B. warmth C. anger D. sympathy 33. A. maintaining B. ruining C. darkening D. lifting 34. A. family B. friends C. neighbors D. guests 35 A. permanent B. brief C. close D. renewed 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Governments in different regions organize tourism festivals in order to make local scenic locations ___36___ (well) known to people and publicize the country’s culture in general. Below are some of top famous and important tourist celebrations in China, each of ___37___ has its own distinctive characteristics. All the activities that are ___38___ (close) related to ice can be seen at the Harbin Ice Snow Festival. Children enjoy themselves in the maze made of ice, go ice sliding board ___39___ do much more. ___40___ (visit) have the chance to appreciate various ice lanterns and delicate snow sculpture works. During the festival, all kinds of competitions are also held including swimming, ice hockey, speed, alpine (高山的) and cross-country skiing and a motorbike match ___41___ (hold) on the ice. In addition, all kinds of exhibitions are held, ___42___ (display) painting, calligraphy and photographs. Wedding ceremonies that are held on ice during the festival make it ___43___ unique occasion. During the evening, the sky ___44___ (decorate) with fireworks, adding colour and mythology ____45____ this spectacular ice and snow world on the Earth. 第四部分写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，两周前你网购了一套丛书，昨天才到货，还存在其他问题，请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下： 1. 陈述写信目的； 2. 投诉内容； 3. 提出你的要求。 注意: 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear sir or madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dr. Henderson was assigning (指定) project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate (命运) would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn’t mean or abusive. He just gave me the impression that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn’t look forward to an entire team of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn’t say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis (假说), set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn’t want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. Para.1 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 Then one day I got word that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江门一中2024届高三下学期阶段性考试（二） 英语试卷 第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition. The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March. The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions. In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship. Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website. 1. Which word can best describe the regional competitions? A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging 2. What can we learn about the National Finals? A The championship victory is highly valued. B. The event only involves fierce competitions. C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE. D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals. 3. What is the text? A. A news release. B. A survey report. C. A learning project. D. A scientific review. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛的相关信息，包括参赛学生的准备情况、区域赛事的日期和形式、全国总决赛的日期和地点、奖项设置等。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. (第一场地区性活动将于1月13日在华盛顿特区/马里兰地区的高中举行。参赛队伍将以快节奏的问答形式进行对决，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到考验)”可知，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到考验，所以具有挑战性最能形容地区比赛。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship.(在全国总决赛中，前两名的队伍将为他们学校的数学和科学部门赢得5000美元。排名前16位的学校将获得1000美元的科学系奖励。但对许多人来说，最终的奖励只是赢得全国冠军的荣誉)”可知，全国总决赛冠军的胜利是非常重要的。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.(如今，NSB每年吸引超过1万名中学生和高中生参赛。自1991年首届比赛以来，大约有34.4万名学生参加了NSB决赛。2024年的参赛者将跟随以前NSB参赛者的脚步，为科学、数学和工程方面的学生开辟一条道路。欲了解更多信息，请访问科学办公室网站)”以及纵观全文可知，本文报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛的相关信息，包括参赛学生的准备情况、区域赛事的日期和形式、全国总决赛的日期和地点、奖项设置等，所以应是一篇新闻稿。故选A项。 B Tatiana Erukhimova, a physics professor at Texas A&M University, performs physics tricks with endless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have received hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms. In those videos, Erukhimova uses everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers. Her YouTube page has about 2.5 million subscribers, a huge following overshadowing even the famous Aggie athletics program. Erukhimova knows how to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that easy. When she first started teaching college freshmen two decades ago, she struggled to grab their attention. It took her a while to find her strong Russian accent, which was once regarded as a barrier to connecting with her students, but has now endeared (使受欢迎) her to both students and fans online. “The key is to make myself approachable and my instruction personal,” she says, “Walk up and down the stairs while teaching rather than stay on the stage. Don’t just lecture, talk to them—make it interactive. And, of course, add showy demonstrations.” she says, “These demonstrations often help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life.” Growing up surrounded by physics, Erukhimova went on to get her Ph. D. in applied physics at the Russian Academy of Sciences. Two years after joining Texas A&M as a postdoctoral researcher in 2001, she jumped at the first opportunity to teach. As a leader in a STEM field where women are underrepresented, Erukhimova’s become a role model for some. She led a 2021 study that broke the stereotype (刻板印象) that men outperform women in physics courses. Grigory Rogachev, head of Physics department, says: “Erukhimova’s outreach work has helped bring visibility to the department, which has translated to a boost in donations and physics major applicants. She’s a performer in addition to being a scientist. And that is rare in the community.” 4. Why did the author mention Aggie athletics program? A. To show the variety of Erukhimova’s classes. B. To prove the success of Erukhimova’s videos. C. To reveal the sudden increase of Erukhimova’s following. D. To display the rich contents of Erukhimova’s YoutTube page. 5. What happened when Erukhimova taught college freshmen for the first time? A. Everything got along well. B. They were inspired by her classes. C. She failed to draw their attention. D. She enjoyed their affection for her accent. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Erukhimova? A. Energetic and strict. B. Serious and enthusiastic. C. Honest and attractive. D. Creative and easy-going. 7. What does Grigory Rogachev think of Erukhimova’s outreach work? A. It has led to a decrease in donation. B. It has inspired many girls to major in physics. C. It has helped people break the stereotype of women scientists. D. It has made a positive influence on improving physics community. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了德克萨斯A&M大学的物理学教授Tatiana Erukhimova以无限的精力和热情表演物理魔术，她的个性化的教学，使物理很受欢迎，对物理领域的发展产生了积极的影响。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Her YouTube page has about 2.5 million subscribers, a huge following overshadowing even the famous Aggie athletics program.(她的YouTube主页有大约250万订阅者，其庞大的粉丝数量甚至超过了著名的Aggie体育节目)”可知, 作者提到了Aggie体育项目是为了证明Erukhimova视频的成功。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When she first started teaching college freshmen two decades ago, she struggled to grab their attention. (当她刚开始教大学新生时，她很难吸引他们的注意力)”可知, 她第一次教大学新生时很难吸引他们的注意力。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘The key is to make myself approachable and my instruction personal,’ she says, ‘Walk up and down the stairs while teaching rather than stay on the stage. Don’t just lecture, talk to them—make it interactive. And, of course, add showy demonstrations.’ she says, ‘These demonstrations often help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life.’(她说：‘关键是让自己平易近人，让我的教学个性化。在教学时，可以上下台阶，而不是呆在讲台上。’不要只是说教，要和他们交谈——要有互动性。当然，还要加上炫目的演示。她说，‘这些演示经常帮助学生将这些抽象概念与现实生活联系起来。’)”可知，她有创造力且容易相处。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Erukhimova’s outreach work has helped bring visibility to the department, which has translated to a boost in donations and physics major applicants. (Erukhimova的外联工作帮助提高了该系的知名度，这转化为捐款和物理专业申请人数的增加)”可知，Grigory Rogachev认为Erukhimova的外联工作对物理学界的发展产生了积极的影响。故选D项。 C Research led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam shows that birds are affected by the mass use of fireworks on New Year’s Eve up to a distance of 10 km (6 miles) away. With data from weather radars and bird counts an international team of researchers revealed how many birds take off immediately after the start of the fireworks, at what distance from fireworks this occurs and which species groups mainly react. “Birds take off as a result of an acute flight response due to sudden noise and light. We already knew that many water birds react strongly, but now we also see the effect on other birds throughout the Netherlands, ”says ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam. In the scientific journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, the researchers therefore argue for large fireworks-free zones. Last year other researchers at IBED discovered that geese are so affected by fireworks that they spend an average of 10% longer looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days. They apparently need that time to restore their energy to their former condition, after fleeing from the fireworks. Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live within a radius of 2. 5 km of inhabited areas, the consequences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. “Flying requires a lot of energy, so ideally birds should be disturbed as little as possible during the cold winter months. Measures to ensure this are especially important in open areas such as grasslands, where many larger birds spend the winter. The effects of fireworks on birds are less pronounced near forests and semi-open habitats. In addition, smaller birds such as tits and finches live there, which are less likely to fly away from disturbance.” The authors argue for fireworks-free zones in areas where large birds live. Hoekstra: “These buffer zones could be smaller in areas where light and sound travel less far, such as near forests. Furthermore, fireworks should mainly be lit at central locations in built-up areas, as far away from birds as possible. It would be best for birds if we moved towards light shows without sound, such as drone shows or decorative fireworks without very loud bangs.” 8. What can we learn about the research? A. It’s the first one about fireworks’ effects on birds. B. It’s conducted by collecting data from weather radars. C. It shows the extent of the fireworks’ influence on birds. D. It keeps track of birds throughout Netherlands and beyond. 9. Why did geese spend more time looking for food? A. To make up for the lost energy. B. To store more food in case. C. To find a new source of energy. D. To find a place without fireworks. 10. What does the underlined word “pronounced” in Para. 4 mean? A. Predictable. B. Noticeable. C. Admirable. D. Avoidable. 11. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Panic in the air B. Fireworks-free zones C. Fireworks in the world D. Birds throughout the country 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烟花对鸟类的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Research led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam shows that birds are affected by the mass use of fireworks on New Year’s Eve up to a distance of 10 km (6 miles) away. (阿姆斯特丹大学的生态学家巴特·胡克斯特拉领导的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放烟花爆竹会影响到10公里（6英里）外的鸟类。)”可知，这项研究告诉读者燃放烟花对鸟类的影响程度。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Last year, other researchers at IBED discovered that geese are so affected by fireworks that they spend an average of 10% longer looking for food than normal during at least the next 11 days. They apparently need that time to restore their energy to their former condition, after fleeing from the fireworks. (去年，IBED的其他研究人员发现，鹅受到烟花的影响很大，至少在接下来的11天里，它们寻找食物的时间平均比正常情况长10%。在逃离烟火之后，他们显然需要时间将精力恢复到以前的状态。)”可知，在逃离烟花之后，它们需要这段时间来补充失去的精力，以恢复到以前的状态。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Because 62% of all birds in the Netherlands live within a radius of 2.5 km of inhabited areas, the consequences of fireworks are high for all birds throughout the country. (由于荷兰62%的鸟类生活在居民区半径2.5公里的范围内，因此烟花对全国所有鸟类的影响都很大。)”和划线词后“near forests and semi-open habitats (在森林和半开放的栖息地附近)”可知，烟花对离居民区近的鸟类影响很大，在森林和半开放的栖息地附近，烟花对鸟类的影响不那么明显。所以划线词的含义为“显著的、明显的”A. Predictable可预测的；B. Noticeable显著的；C. Admirable令人钦佩的；D. Avoidable可避免的。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Research led by ecologist Bart Hoekstra of the University of Amsterdam shows that birds are affected by the mass use of fireworks on New Year’s Eve up to a distance of 10 km(6 miles)away. (阿姆斯特丹大学的生态学家巴特·胡克斯特拉领导的研究表明，除夕夜大量燃放烟花爆竹会影响到10公里（6英里）外的鸟类)”可知，文章主要介绍了烟花对鸟类的影响。A选项中in the air 暗指鸟类，panic 指烟花带来的影响，故选项A“Panic in the air (空气中弥漫着恐慌)”为最佳答案。故选A。 D When instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s, American housewives were doubtful. These mixes, promising easy cake-baking, felt too easy. The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix. This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They then asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadn’t built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders. Interestingly, the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most participants’ folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders. Beauty, it seems, is in the eye of the builder. Today, as cities are suffering from severe housing crises, the IKEA effect can give us insight into the well-being benefits of a self-building approach to housing development. Projects like WikiHouse and the “half-a-house” approach pioneered by Alejandro Aravena’s architecture company Elemental are working to make housing more affordable and sustainable by making it easier for people to build and personalize their own homes. “The moment people are involved with their built environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.” 12. What brought customers the joy of cake-baking according to paragraph 1? A. A better taste. B. An easy approach. C. A detailed recipe. D. An additional effort. 13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A. Creations are based on skills. B. Extra labor increases perceived value. C. Beauty is found through contrast. D. Strict management brings good quality. 14. What is Alastair Parvin’s attitude towards public involvement in housing? A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 15. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To promote a brand. B. To make a proposal. C To explain a concept. D. To introduce a study. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文通过讨论宜家效应以及几个实验研究的结果，论述了人们更加珍视自己亲手创造的东西，并由此引发了对自我建造住房的好处的思考。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix.(制造商发现，在烘焙过程中加入一个鸡蛋就足以让主妇们对自己的工作感到满意。从一点点额外的劳动中获得的更大的努力感被认为是蛋糕粉后来成功的关键)”可知，额外的努力给顾客带来了蛋糕烘焙的乐趣。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“Interestingly, the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most participants’ folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders.(有趣的是，即使人们没有机会完全个性化他们的作品，宜家效应也会起作用。虽然大多数参与者的折叠技巧还有很多不足之处，但他们更喜欢自己不完美的个性化产品。建筑商对他们皱巴巴的像起重机一样的创造物的估价几乎是非建筑商的五倍)”可知，本段主要讲述额外的劳动会让参与者更喜欢自己的作品，所以Beauty, it seems, is in the eye of the builder.意为“额外的劳动增加了感知价值”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The moment people are involved with their built environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.”(WikiHouse的联合创始人Alastair Parvin解释说：“当人们参与到他们的建筑环境中时，他们与环境的关系就完全不同了。”“当屋顶开始漏水或门开始吱吱作响时，他们有能力自己修理。”)”可知，Alastair Parvin认为公众参与住房建设，他们与环境的关系就完全不同了，所以是持支持的态度。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They then asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadn’t built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders.(这反映了心理学家迈克尔·i·诺顿(Michael I. Norton)及其同事发现的宜家效应(IKEA effect)，即我们更看重自己努力创造的东西。他们进行了四项研究，要求参与者折叠纸鹤和青蛙，组装宜家盒子，搭建乐高积木。然后，他们要求建筑商为他们的作品出价，并将价格与没有建造这些作品的人的出价进行比较。建筑商的出价始终高于非建筑商)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要解释什么是宜家效应(IKEA effect)，所以本文的目的是解释一个概念。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Problem solving skills are increasingly valuable in the workplace — and could help you achieve more in your personal life too. Here’s how to enhance your strategy. • Develop analytical thinking The key to effective problem-solving is the ability to break down complex issues into smaller, more manageable components. ____16____. This involves systematically deconstructing a problem, understanding its differences and identifying the relationships between its various elements. Begin by clearly defining the problem at hand, identifying its key components and recognizing the interconnections between them. • Promote creativity ____17____. To develop creativity, you must engage in activities that can stimulate your imagination and form new ideas. Additionally, exposing yourself to different fields, experiences and cultures can serve as a source of creative problem-solving. • Strengthen communication skills Clear and brief communication is the key to effective problem-solving, acting as the bridge that connects diverse perspectives and adjusts individuals toward a common goal. Good communication begins with the art of expression. This needs choosing the right words and structuring information logically. Active listening, on the other hand, is the skill of receiving information with focus. ____18____ • Learn from mistakes Mistakes are not failures but a good way to success. Each mistake will give you a chance to think and learn. ____19____. Use this knowledge to inform your future problem-solving efforts. It not only accelerates the learning process but also encourages collective problem-solving skills. • ____20____ The journey to becoming an expert problem solver is an ongoing process of growth and improvement. Seeking continuous learning opportunities ensures that you stay ahead of changing challenges and acquire the necessary skills. Furthermore, networking with professionals in your field provides a good way of shared learning. A. Stay well informed B. Seek continuous learning C. Improving it requires a structured approach D. Out-of-the-box thinking is essential for problem-solving E. These will make sure your message is easy to understand F. Analyze what goes wrong and identify areas for improvement G. It involves not just hearing words but understanding the differences 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。解决问题的能力在职场中越来越有价值，也可以帮助你在个人生活中取得更多成就。以下是如何提高这一能力的策略。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The key to effective problem solving is the ability to break down complex issues into smaller, more manageable components.(有效解决问题的关键是将复杂问题分解成更小、更易于管理的组件的能力)”以及下文“This involves systematically deconstructing a problem, understanding its differences and identifying the relationships between its various elements.(这涉及到系统地解构一个问题，了解其差异，并确定其各种要素之间的关系)”可知，本句承接上下文说明要找到合理的结构性方法。故C选项“改进它需要一种结构化的方法”切题。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据标题“Promote creativity(提高创造力)”以及后文“To develop creativity, you must engage in activities that can stimulate your imagination and form new ideas. Additionally, exposing yourself to different fields, experiences and cultures can serve as a source of creative problem-solving.(要发展创造力，你必须从事能激发你想象力和形成新想法的活动。此外，让自己接触不同的领域、经历和文化可以作为创造性解决问题的源泉)”可知，本句承接上文说明创新思维的重要性。故D选项“创新思维对于解决问题至关重要”切题。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Active listening, on the other hand, is the skill of receiving information with focus.(另一方面，积极倾听是一种集中注意力接受信息的技能)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明倾听的内涵。故G选项“它不仅包括听单词，还包括理解不同之处。”切题。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Mistakes are not failures but a good way to success. Each mistake will give you a chance to think and learn.(错误不是失败，而是成功的好方法。每个错误都会给你一个思考和学习的机会)”可知，上文提到了错误是学习的机会，可知本句具体说明如何从错误中学习。故F选项“分析哪里出了问题，找出需要改进的地方”符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Seeking continuous learning opportunities ensures that you stay ahead of changing challenges and acquire the necessary skills.(寻求持续的学习机会可以确保你走在不断变化的挑战的前面，并获得必要的技能)”可知，本段主要是关于要寻求持续学习。故B选项“寻求持续学习”为本段的标题。故选B项。 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m sitting impatiently in our dusty car looking out. My travel buddy, Lucas, having taken in enough of the ____21____ , has gone to speak with someone from one of the nearby tourist souvenir huts. After ages, he walks towards me, ____22____some sausages, hot water, a new cowboy hat, and a big grin on his face. “We’re giving a man a ____23____ ,” he tells me. The idea seems ____24____but somehow safe, given that there are two of us and Lucas is a ____25____ to the country. How exciting to create an opportunity to meet people that you wouldn’t have met ____26____ . Now,as I look at Lucas’ new friend, I see a different kettle of fish. Michael is big. I mean really BIG. I watch in the side mirror as Michael ____27____towards the car. In his right boot is a big knife, pushed far enough in that only the handle and the base of the blade poke out. A knife! I would normally be alert to this ____28____ stranger now sitting in the back of my vehicle. However, with Lucas now eagerly ____29____ with him in a language I barely understand, I’m trying to let myself ____30____ . Then Lucas loosely translates the conversation they’re having as Michael proudly ____31____ his knife, explaining that he uses it for everything: opening bottles, picking his teeth, castrating his cows. Gradually, my___32___ towards our new stranger grows as he persistently tries to communicate with me, ____33____the mood of the car. Twenty minutes down winding mountain roads and we reach Michael’s house, where we are invited to have a meal with his ____34____ . Later that day, we leave the house without taking any contact details from Michael. There is an unspoken understanding that this____35____friendship is enough. 21. A. meal B. gift C. money D. view 22. A. leaving B. carrying C. taking D. offering 23. A. treat B. welcome C. ride D. coin 24. A. daring B. pleasant C. practical D. worthwhile 25. A. newcomer B. foreigner C. local D. visitor 26. A. otherwise B. instead C. though D. nevertheless 27. A. climbs B. cycles C. flies D. marches 28. A. cold B. friendly C. enormous D. slim 29. A. singing B. chatting C. arguing D. complaining 30. A. sleep B. wait C. ease D. forget 31. A. pulls out B. gives out C. picks out D. sets out 32. A. fear B. warmth C. anger D. sympathy 33. A. maintaining B. ruining C. darkening D. lifting 34. A. family B. friends C. neighbors D. guests 35. A. permanent B. brief C. close D. renewed 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者和旅伴让陌生人Michael搭便车的经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅伴Lucas看够了这里的景色，就去和附近一家旅游纪念品小屋的人聊了聊。A. meal一餐；B. gift礼物；C. money钱；D. view景色，风景。结合语境及“has gone to speak with someone”可知，在旅途中和别人聊天，说明看够了风景，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了很久，他向我走来，手里拿着一些香肠、热水、一顶新的牛仔帽，脸上露出灿烂的笑容。A. leaving离开；B. carrying携带；C. taking取，拿；D. offering提供。根据上文“has gone to speak with someone from one of the nearby tourist souvenir huts”可知，Lucas和附近一家旅游纪念品小屋的人聊天，故此处指带着从纪念品小屋买的东西回来，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们要让一个人搭便车，”他告诉我。A. treat款待；B. welcome欢迎；C. ride免费搭车，搭便车；D. coin硬币。下文“this ____8____ stranger now sitting in the back of my vehicle”提到一位陌生人在车里，故此处指让一个人搭便车，give sb a ride“让某人搭便车”，固定短语，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法看起来很大胆，但却很安全，因为我们有两个人，Lucas是当地人。A. daring大胆的，敢于冒险的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. practical实际的；D. worthwhile值得的。根据语境及下文“I would normally be alert to this ____8____ stranger”可知，让陌生人搭便车的想法很大胆，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. newcomer新来者；B. foreigner外国人；C. local当地人；D. visitor访客。根据“given that there are two of us”及语境可知，作者认为让陌生人搭便车的想法虽然大胆却相当安全，此处是描述原因，作者和Lucas有两个人，Lucas又是本地人，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：创造一个机会去认识你本来不会认识的人，这是多么令人兴奋啊。A. otherwise否则，不然；B. instead相反；C. though不过，可是；D. nevertheless然而。结合“you wouldn’t have met”及语境可知，此处是描述假设的情况，指本来不会认识的人，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从后视镜里看到Michael朝车子走来。A. climbs攀爬；B. cycles骑自行车；C. flies飞行；D. marches行进。下文“this ____8____ stranger now sitting in the back of my vehicle”提到Michael坐在车里，故此处指他朝着车子走来，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正常情况下我会对这个坐在我车后面的大块头陌生人保持警惕。A. cold寒冷的，冷漠的；B. friendly友好的；C. enormous巨大的；D. slim苗条的。根据上文“Michael is big. I mean really BIG.”可知，Michael是个大块头，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Lucas现在急切地用一种我几乎听不懂的语言和他聊天，我试着让自己放松。A. singing唱歌；B. chatting聊天；C. arguing争论；D. complaining抱怨。根据下文“Then Lucas loosely translates the conversation they’re having”可知，Lucas和Michael在聊天，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sleep睡觉；B. wait等待；C. ease缓和，放松；D. forget忘记。根据上文“I would normally be alert”和本句中的“However”可知，作者原本应该保持警惕，但却试着让自己放松，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Lucas零散地翻译了他们之间的对话，Michael骄傲地拔出他的刀，解释说他做什么都用它：开瓶、剔牙、阉割奶牛。A. pulls out拔出；B. gives out发出；C. picks out挑选；D. sets out动身，出发。根据下文“explaining that he uses it for everything”可知，此处指拔出刀，解释其用途，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我对这个新陌生人的热情越来越高，因为他坚持不懈地试图与我交流，使车内的气氛很愉快。A. fear害怕；B. warmth温暖，热情；C. anger怒气；D. sympathy同情。根据“as he persistently tries to communicate with me”可知，Michael坚持不懈地试图和作者交流，作者对他的热情越来越高，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. maintaining保持，维持；B. ruining摧毁；C. darkening（使）变暗；D. lifting提升，高兴起来，使更愉快。结合上文“as he persistently tries to communicate with me”可知，虽然语言不通，但是Michael坚持不懈地试图和作者交流，下文“we are invited to have a meal”提到Michael邀请他们吃晚饭，由此推知车内的气氛应是很愉快，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：沿着蜿蜒的山路走了20分钟，我们到达了Michael的家，他邀请我们和他的家人一起吃饭。A. family家庭，家人；B. friends朋友；C. neighbors邻居；D. guests客人。根据“we reach Michael’s house”可知，到了Michael家应是和他的家人一起吃饭，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一种心照不宣的默契，那就是这短暂的友谊已经足够了。A. permanent永久的；B. brief短暂的；C. close亲近的；D. renewed更新的。根据上文“Later that day, we leave the house without taking any contact details from Michael.(那天晚些时候，我们离开了房子，没有从Michael那里得到任何联系方式)”可知，Michael搭作者的便车，分别后没有留下Michael的联系方式，故此处指“这段短暂的友谊”，故选B。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Governments in different regions organize tourism festivals in order to make local scenic locations ___36___ (well) known to people and publicize the country’s culture in general. Below are some of top famous and important tourist celebrations in China, each of ___37___ has its own distinctive characteristics. All the activities that are ___38___ (close) related to ice can be seen at the Harbin Ice Snow Festival. Children enjoy themselves in the maze made of ice, go ice sliding board ___39___ do much more. ___40___ (visit) have the chance to appreciate various ice lanterns and delicate snow sculpture works. During the festival, all kinds of competitions are also held including swimming, ice hockey, speed, alpine (高山的) and cross-country skiing and a motorbike match ___41___ (hold) on the ice. In addition, all kinds of exhibitions are held, ___42___ (display) painting, calligraphy and photographs. Wedding ceremonies that are held on ice during the festival make it ___43___ unique occasion. During the evening, the sky ___44___ (decorate) with fireworks, adding colour and mythology ____45____ this spectacular ice and snow world on the Earth. 【答案】36. better 37. which 38. closely 39. and 40. Visitors 41. held 42. displaying 43. a 44. is decorated 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国一些最著名和最重要的旅游庆典，每一个都有自己独特的特点。 【36题详解】 考查比较级。句意：不同地区的政府组织旅游节是为了让人们更好地了解当地的景点，并在总体上宣传国家的文化。结合语境表示“更好”应用比较级better。故填better。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：以下是中国一些最著名和最重要的旅游庆典，每一个都有自己独特的特点。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词celebrations，关系词作介词的宾语，指物。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：所有与冰密切相关的活动都可以在哈尔滨冰雪节上看到。修饰动词related应用副词closely，故填closely。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：孩子们在冰迷宫里玩得很开心，在冰上滑滑板，做更多的事情。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：游客有机会欣赏各种冰灯和精致的雪雕作品。作主语应用名词visitor，结合后文have可知为名词复数，首字母大写。故填Visitors。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：节日期间，还会举行各种各样的比赛，包括游泳、冰球、速度、高山滑雪和越野滑雪，以及在冰上举行的摩托车比赛。此处hold与match构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，还举办各种展览，展出绘画、书法和照片。此处display与exhibitions构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填displaying。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：节日期间在冰上举行的婚礼仪式使它成为一个独特的场合。此处occasion为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：晚上，天空被烟花装饰，为地球上这个壮观的冰雪世界增添了色彩和神话。短语be decorated with表示“用……装饰”，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为sky，谓语用单数。故填is decorated。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：晚上，天空被烟花装饰，为地球上这个壮观的冰雪世界增添了色彩和神话。短语add…to…表示“增添……”。故填to。 第四部分写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，两周前你网购了一套丛书，昨天才到货，还存在其他问题，请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下： 1. 陈述写信目； 2. 投诉内容； 3. 提出你的要求。 注意: 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear sir or madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear sir or madam, I am one of your customers. I am writing to complain about an order. I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing. I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either refund my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，就网购的一套丛书的问题表示投诉，要点如下：1. 陈述写信目的；2. 投诉内容；3. 提出你的要求。 【详解】1.词汇积累 缺损的：missing→defective 另外：besides→moreover 更糟糕的是：to make matters worse→worse still 处理：deal with→cope with 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. 拓展句：And I was disappointed that the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. 【点睛】[高分句型1] And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. (运用了so...that...引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型2] I hope that you either refund my money or deliver a new set of books to me. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dr. Henderson was assigning (指定) project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate (命运) would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn’t mean or abusive. He just gave me the impression that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn’t look forward to an entire team of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn’t say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis (假说), set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn’t want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions, we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. Para.1 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para. 2 Then one day I got word that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Para.1 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. Companion as I was in the project, I still had no sense of participating in the project. My teammate kept his brain occupied in developing the hypothesis, setting up an experiment to test it, and running the tests alone, leaving me just standing beside him as if I were a fool. “What a dull project it is!” I murmured to myself. However, something changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perception of space meant. Thanks to the intense, fiercely competitive, singularly serious fellow, the whole procedure went smoothly, close to the final stage. Para. 2 Then one day I got word that he was admitted to the hospital for a serious disease. Without any delay, I packed up my school bag, took all the experiment statistics and rushed to the hospital. Seeing the pale fellow wearing pure white clothes instead of the annoying dark clothes, I felt a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart. With his guidance, I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings. It turned out to be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade. Now, we have been most reliable cooperative partners ever since! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一次心理学课程任务中，老师把作者与他最想避开的很有个性的学霸变成了搭档，两人不得不在任务中相互磨合，而作者在任务中也渐入佳境，但是搭档突然住院，在搭档的指导下，作者圆满完成了任务，两人也成为最值得信赖的搭档。 详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们开始定期开会制定计划”可知，第一段可描写作者与搭档的磨合，搭档顾自做任务时作者插不上手，但是作者没有退缩，跟着搭档，作者弄明白了他们所进行的任务，也能帮忙了。 ②由第二段首句内容“有一天我听说他得了重病住进了医院”可知，第二段可描写作者在搭档缺席的情况下，由搭档指导，完美完成任务，并与搭档成为好朋友。 2.续写线索：制定计划——看搭档独自做任务——明白任务——任务将近尾声——得知搭档住院——看望搭档——接受指导完成任务——成为最值得信赖的搭档 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①忙着做某事：be occupied in doing sth./be busy doing sth. ②冲向：rush to/dash to ③完成： finish/accomplish 情绪类 ①令人恼怒的：annoying/distressing ②令人惊讶的：amazing/astonishing 【点睛】[高分句型1]Companion as I was in the project, I still had no sense of participating in the project.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装） [高分句型2] However, something changed gradually, as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perception of space meant.（由as引导时间状语从句和what引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$