选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 A delicate World 第2课时（Word教师用书）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（外研版2019）

第2课时——强化表达功·写作短板的专项补弱 现在分词(短语)作状语 (1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。 (2)现在分词(短语)作状语，含有一般式(doing)、完成式(having done)以及完成被动式(having been done)。 (3)一般情况下，现在或过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的现在或过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，现在或过去分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 名师指津：①现在分词作状语时，如果表示否定，not放在现在分词前面。②用现在分词还是过去分词作状语的关键是：首先要分清与逻辑主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动，其次要分清其动作和谓语动词动作的先后顺序。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点)　 ①Because he has achieved remarkable results, he was appointed captain of the national team. →Having_achieved_remarkable_results,_he was appointed captain of the national team. ②Much advanced technology has been introduced, and it has led to a great increase in production in the company. →Much advanced technology has been introduced, leading to a great increase in production in the company. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)然而，这可能会导致学习目标不匹配、缺乏动力等问题，从而降低活动的效果。 This, however, may cause problems such as mismatched learning goals，lack of motivation and so on, thus reducing_the_effectiveness_of_the_program. ④她自信地走进房间，热情地微笑着迎接每一个人，瞬间让每一个人都感到安心。 Walking_confidently_into_the_room,_she greeted everyone with a warm smile, which instantly made everyone feel at ease. 1．赏意境之美 I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South－west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 写法领悟：本段首句中作者使用了两个介词短语点明麦夸里岛的具体地理位置。第二句采用了拟人的修辞手法，借助动词helped描述了该岛目前的形状是由于强风和惊涛骇浪所致。第三句使用了副词dramatically描述了绿色的草地和裸露的岩石形成了鲜明的对比，赋予了麦夸里岛一种野性和天然美。 最后用否定词开头的方式强化了麦夸里岛名副其实的自然美景，给我们展示了一幅美丽画卷。 2．赏用词之美 In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub－nosed Monkey.Thanks to their efforts, the monkey's population has doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continues to grow. 写法领悟：第一句中的brave形容词用作动词，描述了科学家们为了给川金丝猴提供食物，勇敢地面对暴雪和严寒的挑战，反映了人们为了维持神农架自然环境的平衡而付出的努力。第二句中的doubled形容词用作动词，运用具体数字点明了通过科学家们的辛苦付出，川金丝猴的数量相比于20世纪80年代增加了一倍，保持了神农架丰富的生物多样性，他们的付出得到了回报。 [针对练笔]　(依据提示完成句子) ①Braving_the_harsh_natural_conditions,_the adventurers doubled their efforts to reach the summit. 面对严酷的自然条件，冒险家们倍加努力地到达山顶。 ②The streets_stretched_lazily like outstretched limbs, as if reluctant to leave the comfort of slumber. 街道懒洋洋地伸展着像伸展的四肢，仿佛不愿离开舒适的沉睡。 [命题导向] 本单元主题是“动物保护”，属于人与自然的主题语境。高考在设题时通常以通知、倡议书、演讲稿等载体考查保护野生动物、生态旅游、环境保护等内容，引导学生认识到人类生存必须依赖良好的自然生态系统，保护生态就是保护人类，树立人与自然和谐共处的理念。 构建语义场 (一)野生动物的现状 1．die out　　　　　 灭绝 2．lead to 导致 3．cause soil erosion 造成土壤侵蚀 4．cause the imbalance of our ecosystem 导致我们生态系统的失衡 5．result in the spread of infectious diseases from animals to human beings 导致传染病从动物传播给人类 6．Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. 人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。 7．Hunting and fishing have had damaging effects on the world's animal populations. 狩猎和捕鱼对世界动物种群产生了破坏性影响。 8．If we don't take action right now, the situation is sure to be worsening and the delicate balance of nature will definitely be destroyed. 如果我们现在不采取行动，这种情况肯定会恶化，自然的微妙平衡肯定会被破坏。 (二)保护野生动物的具体措施 1．put an end to illegal hunting　 终止非法狩猎 2．in harmony with natural habitats 与自然栖息地和谐相处 3．in consequence 因此；结果 4．turn out 证明是；结果是 5．raise people's awareness of wildlife protection提高人们保护野生动物的意识 6．make relevant regulations 制订相关法规 7．To change the situation, the top priority is to enhance people's awareness of wildlife protection. 要改变这种状况，当务之急是提高人们保护野生动物的意识。 8．A special fund for the protection of wildlife should be established. 应该建立一个专门的基金会来保护野生动物。 平时勤练笔 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目]　一些野生动物正面临灭绝的危险，这引起了全世界的广泛关注。假定你是李华，请在环境保护日(Environmental Protection Day)写一篇关于保护野生动物的倡议书。要点如下： 1．描述野生动物的现状； 2．保护野生动物的具体措施。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分：点明主题——重视野生动物保护 [头脑风暴]　有关野生动物保护的词块有哪些？ 1．高度重视 attach_great_importance_to 2．野生动物保护 wildlife_protection [连词成句]　Today we gather together to mark this unique occasion — Environmental Protection Day, as_it's_high_time_that_we_attached_great_importance_to_wildlife_protection. 今天，我们聚集在一起，纪念这个独特的日子——环境保护日，因为该是我们重视野生动物保护的时候了。 第二部分：描述野生动物的现状及保护野生动物的具体措施 要点1　野生动物的现状 [从教材中学]　But as the saying goes, “While the cat's away, the mice will play.” [到写作中用] 正如我们所知，随着环境的恶化和人类活动的增加，一些野生动物面临灭绝的危险。 As_we_know,_with the environment worsened and the increase of human activities, some_wild_animals_are_in_danger_of_dying_out. 要点2　野生动物被猎杀的后果 [从教材中学]　The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island, died out in 1891. [到写作中用] 最终的结果是，猎杀野生动物会导致我们生态系统的失衡，并导致传染病从动物传播给人类。 The_end_result_was_that_hunting_wild_animals_will_cause_the_imbalance_of_our_ecosystem and result in the spread of infectious diseases from animals to human beings. 要点3　保护野生动物的具体措施 措施1：提高人们保护野生动物的意识 [从教材中学]　Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. [到写作中用] 我们认为有必要想办法提高人们保护野生动物的意识。 We_feel_it_necessary_to_come_up_with_ways_to_raise_people's_awareness_of_wildlife_protection. 措施2：建立保护野生动物的自然保护区 [从教材中学] The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. [到写作中用] 应该建立更多的保护野生动物的自然保护区，以使我们能够与自然和谐相处。 More nature reserves should be established to protect wildlife, enabling_us_to_live_ in_harmony_with_nature. 第三部分：发出倡议 [从教材中学] This intervention is a long, much－delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending. [到写作中用] 保护野生动物是一个长期而艰巨的任务，但这是我们人类应该做的，我们亏欠这些野生动物一个美好的环境。 Protecting wild animals is a long, tough task, but_it_is_what_we_human _beings_should_do,_and we owe_these_wild_animals_a_good_environment. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear_fellow_students， Today we gather together to mark this unique occasion — Environmental Protection Day, as it's high time that we attached great importance to wildlife protection. As we know, with the environment worsened and the increase of human activities, some wild animals are in danger of dying out.The end result was that hunting wild animals will cause the imbalance of our ecosystem and result in the spread of infectious diseases from animals to human beings.We feel it necessary to come up with ways to raise people's awareness of wildlife protection.More nature reserves should be established to protect wildlife, enabling us to live in harmony with nature. Protecting wild animals is a long，tough task, but it is what we human beings should do, and we owe these wild animals a good environment. Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)Never before have we experienced such a difficult time, neither/nor_have_they (他们也没有)． 2．(完成句子)These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious_harm_to_our_life_and_the_environment (对我们的生活和环境造成严重的损害)． 3．(完成句子)It_turned_out_that (结果是) we had a good harvest. 4．(完成句子)On_behalf_of_my_whole_family/On_my_whole_family's_behalf (代表我全家), I'd like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help. 5．(完成句子)Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to_live_in_harmony_with_nature (和自然和谐相处)． 6．(完成句子)Trapped_in_the_ruins (被困在废墟中), the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued. 7．(一句多译)多亏她的指导，我才取得了很大的进步。 ①Thanks_to_her_guidance,_I made great progress.(thanks to) ②Owing_to_her_guidance,_I made great progress.(owing to) ③It_was_thanks_to/owing_to_her_guidance_that I made great progress.(强调句型) 8．(同义替换)He tried to brake the car, but it was beyond control. →He tried to brake the car, but it was out_of_control. →He tried to brake the car, but he lost_control_of it. Ⅱ.语法填空 Scientists exploring the ocean floor in Antarctica have found a larger group of fish nests__1__ ever before. The discovery came as a surprise, and it will help scientists develop a more complete idea of the ocean food web in the area. In the south Weddell Sea, not far from Antarctica's Filchner Ice Shelf, scientists were__2__ (amaze) to discover a group of about 60 million icefish nests on the ocean floor. Before this, the__3__ (large) group of icefish nests that had ever been found includes less than 60 nests. Lilian Boehringer, a research student, was the first__4__ (discover) the nests. “They were everywhere，” she told the journalist. The researchers used a special device called OFOBS to make two more four－hour “lives”，__5__ (try) to discover the limits of the nesting area. The nests scientists found were in the shape of__6__ circle. Each nest held about 1,700 eggs. Usually, Weddell seals __7__ (spot) in the waters above the nesting site. Trackers__8__ (fix) on some Weddell seals show that they dive all the way to the sea floor. The team placed a camera on the sea floor before leaving, __9__ will take a picture of the nests in the area__10__ (two) a day for the next two years. They hope the pictures from this camera will help them learn more about the lives of the icefish. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在南极海底探险时发现了比以往任何时候都多的鱼巢。 1．than　考查比较连词。根据前文比较级larger可知，此处应用比较连词than。故填than。 2．amazed　考查形容词。根据前文scientists were可知，此处应用其以－ed结尾的形容词作表语，修饰人。故填amazed。 3．largest　考查形容词最高级。根据句意和前文定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。 4．to discover　考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词first等修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语，本句中省略了名词。故填to discover。 5．trying　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，动词try和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填trying。 6．a　考查冠词。可数名词circle为泛指概念，应用不定冠词。并且circle的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 a。 7．are spotted　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语Usually可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词spot和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数，故填are spotted。 8．fixed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，非谓语动词fix和主语Trackers之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填fixed。 9．which　考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为camera，指代事物，应用关系代词which引导，在从句中作主语。故填which。 10．twice　考查副词。根据句意及后文a day可知，此处应用表示次数的副词twice作状语。故填twice。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 3月12日是一年一度的植树节，学校将组织全体学生参加“我给家乡添抹绿”的植树活动。请以学生会的名义用英语拟一则通知，内容包括： 1．活动安排；　2.注意事项。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 NOTICE ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Students' Union 参考范文： NOTICE To add more greenness to our hometown, our school is organizing a tree－planting activity on March 12th. All the students are required to participate in it. We are to gather at the school gate at 8：00 am and then take the bus to the Sunshine Park, where everyone is expected to plant at least one tree. For your safety, we have to remind you to wear school uniforms and stay with your classmates during the process. We hope you'll have a fruitful day. Students' Union 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$