Unit 5 Into the Unknown 短文巧记单词 导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

新外研版高中英语选择性必修四 Book 7 Uni t 5 短文巧记单词 一、朗读并翻译理解 Into the unknown 未知的真相 Facing strange circumstances, our flight instinct corresponding to our ancestors kicks in, and we often make a getaway just as they ran for their lives from dangers, because it’s safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar than to check out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation. However, instead of retreating to their caves, some of our ancestors chose to subdue their fears and pursue the unknown. Similarly, contemporary explorers set out into uncharted territory to delve into the unknown world. One of them is Canadian William, who was intrigued by highly-sophisticated but technologically-primitive Maya civilisation and spotted an buried Maya city. The Maya built representative step pyramids, dug complex canal systems, applied astronomy to accurate Maya calendar. Yet, within just a couple of generations, its cities were abandoned, falling into ruin. William argues that it’s megadroughts, tropical cyclones and population expansion that led to Maya’s downfall. Although his claim is dismissed by many archaeological scholars, he continues the investigation into this unsolved mystery. The ocean depths also needs explorers. The most notable is China's underwater manned vessel called Jiaolong, which can dive into the trenches 7,000 meters below the surface, where the pressure is equivalent to 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another. China have found an estimated 100 shipwrecks beneath the waves, identified an ice-like flammable substance by deep-sea drilling, and made amazing biological discoveries, such as bone-white coral growing at the rate of one millimetre per year and barreleye looking upwards through its transparent forehead. These explorations help humankind advance towards a more progressive and civilised society. Of course, exploration doesn't mean blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown, and it's never wrong to think twice before taking action. Furthermore, while there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options. 二、核对译文 面对陌生的情况，我们与祖先一致的逃跑本能会发挥作用，我们经常会逃跑，就像我们的祖先为躲避危险而逃命。因为比起查看一个陌生的物体或试探新环境，避开不熟悉的事物会更安全。然而，我们祖先中的一些人选择克服恐惧，探寻不为人知的地方，而不是退回到洞穴中。同样地，当代的探索者们出发前往地图上未标注的领域去探索未知的世界。 作为这些探索者中的一员，加拿大人威廉姆被十分先进却技术原始的玛雅文明迷住，发现了一座埋藏的的玛雅城市。玛雅人建造了代表性的阶梯金字塔，挖掘了复杂的的运河系统，把天文学应用到准确的玛雅历法中。然而，在仅仅几代人的时间里，玛雅城市就被遗弃了，沦为废墟。威廉姆认为是超级干旱、热带气旋和人口扩张导致了玛雅的衰落。尽管他的声明被很多考古学者否认，他继续对这一未解之谜进行调查。 海洋深处也需要探索者。最著名的是中国的的“蛟龙”水下载人舰艇，它能潜入水下7000米处的海沟，那里的压力相当于50架飞机堆叠在一起。中国已经发现了大约100艘海底沉船，通过深海勘探发现了一种冰状可燃物，还有惊人的生物学发现，比如以每年一毫米速度生长的骨白色珊瑚，以及能通过透明前额往上看的管眼鱼。 这些探索帮助人类朝着更进步、更文明的社会前进。当然，探索并不意味着盲目地投入未知的世界，再三考虑从来都不会错。此外，尽管我们没必要在新情况下畏缩不前，但我们应该总是先调查情况，考虑我们的选择。 三、词汇记忆 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.make a getaway 2.run for their lives 3.steer clear of 4.check out 5.test the waters of 6.retreat to 7.subdue 8.the unknown 9.set out 10.uncharted 11.delve into 12.intrigue 13.civilisation 14.bury 15.pyramid 16.canal 17.astronomy 18.abandon 19.fall into ruin 20.megadrought 21.tropical cyclones 22.expansion 23.downfall 24.dismiss 25.archaeological 26.investigation 27.notable 28.vessel 29.trench 30.equivalent 31.stack 32.shipwreck 33.substance 34.drill 35.coral 36.millimetre 37.barreleye 38.upwards 39.throw ourselves into 40.think twice 41.furthermore 42.shrink from 43.look into 四、词汇检测 Into the unknown 未知的真相 Facing strange _________________________(情形), our flight instinct _________________________(与……一致) our ancestors kicks in, and we often _________________________(逃跑) just as they _________________________(逃命) from dangers, because it’s safer to _________________________(避开) the unfamiliar than to _________________________(查看；检查) a strange object or to _________________________(试探)a new situation. However, instead of _________________________(撤退；退回) their caves, some of our ancestors chose to _________________________(克服) their fears and _________________________(探索；追求) the unknown. Similarly, contemporary explorers _________________________(出发；动身) into uncharted territory to _________________________(探索；钻研) the unknown world. One of them is Canadian William, who _________________________(被……迷住) highly-sophisticated but technologically-primitive Maya _________________________(文明) and spotted an _________________________(埋藏；掩埋) Maya city. The Maya built representative step pyramids, dug complex canal systems, _________________________ astronomy _________________________(把……应用到) accurate Maya calendar. Yet, within just a couple of generations, its cities were _________________________(遗弃；放弃), _________________________(沦为废墟). William argues that it’s megadroughts, tropical cyclones and population _________________________(扩张；扩展) that _________________________(导致；产生) Maya’s downfall. Although his claim is _________________________(解雇；消除；摒弃) by many archaeological scholars, he continues the _________________________(调查) into this unsolved mystery. The ocean depths also needs explorers. The most _________________________(著名的) is China's underwater manned vessel called Jiaolong, which can _________________________(潜入) the trenches 7,000 meters _________________________(水面下), where the pressure _________________________(相当于；等同于) 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another. China have found an estimated 100 _________________________(沉船) beneath the waves, identified an ice-like flammable _________________________(物质) by deep-sea drilling, and made amazing biological discoveries, such as bone-white coral growing _________________________(以……速度/速率) one millimetre per year and barreleye looking upwards through its transparent forehead. These explorations help humankind _________________________(向……前进) a more progressive and _________________________(文明社会). Of course, exploration doesn't mean blindly _________________________(投入；投身) the unknown, and it's never wrong to _________________________(再三考虑；三思) before taking action. _________________________(此外), while there is no need for us to _________________________(畏缩不前) new situations, we should always _________________________(调查) things first and consider our options. 五、语法填空 Into the unknown 未知的真相 _________________________(face) strange circumstances, our flight instinct corresponding _________________________ our ancestors kicks in, and we often make a getaway just as they ran _________________________ their lives from dangers, because it’s safer _________________________(steer) clear of the unfamiliar than to check _________________________ a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation. However, instead of _________________________(retreat) to their caves, some of our ancestors _________________________(choose) to subdue their fears and pursue the unknown. Similarly, contemporary explorers set out into uncharted territory to delve _________________________ the unknown world. One of them is Canadian William, who _________________________(intrigue) by highly-sophisticated but technologically-primitive Maya _________________________(civilise) and _________________________(spot) an _________________________(bury) Maya city. The Maya built representative step pyramids, _________________________(dig) complex canal systems, applied astronomy _________________________ accurate Maya calendar. Yet, within just a couple _________________________ generations, its cities _________________________(abandon), falling _________________________ ruin. William argues that it’s megadroughts, tropical cyclones and population _________________________(expand) that led _________________________ Maya’s downfall. Although his claim _________________________(dismiss) by many archaeological scholars, he continues the investigation into this unsolved mystery. The ocean _________________________(deep) also needs explorers. The most _________________________(note) is China's underwater manned vessel called Jiaolong, which can dive _________________________ the trenches 7,000 meters below the surface, where the pressure is equivalent _________________________ 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another. China have found an estimated 100 shipwrecks beneath the waves, identified an ice-like flammable substance by deep-sea drilling, and made amazing biological _________________________(discovery), such as bone-white coral growing _________________________ the rate of one millimetre per year and barreleye looking upwards through its transparent forehead. These explorations help humankind advance towards a more _________________________(progress) and civilised society. Of course, exploration doesn't mean blindly throwing ourselves _________________________ the unknown, and it's never wrong to think twice before _________________________(take) action. Furthermore, while there is no need for us _________________________(shrink) from new situations, we should always look _________________________() things first and consider our _________________________(option). $$