精品解析：江苏省淮安市淮安区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

2023-2024学年度第二学期期中学业水平测试试题 高一英语 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 注意事项： 1.本卷满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2.答卷前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上规定的地方。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Sue do for Bill? A. Take him to hospital. B. Finish the report. C. Clean the desk. 2. What is the woman likely to do next? A. Quit smoking. B. Taste a cake. C. Change her seat. 3. Where was the man last weekend? A. At home B. At a basketball game C. In Paris. 4. What does the man need now? A. Milk. B. Water. C. Ice cream. 5. Where does the woman want to go? A. The bus station. B. The train station. C. The police station. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What will Jack do at 10: 00 am? A. Catch a bus. B. Call the woman. C. Attend a lecture. 7. How does the man usually go to school? A. By taxi. B. By bike. C. On foot. 听第7段材料，回答8至9小题。 8. Whom is the party for? A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted. 9. What does the woman think of the man’s plan? A. Interesting B. Simple. C. Funny 听第8段材料，回答10至12小题。 10. Which does the woman like best? A. The living room. B. The bathroom. C. The kitchen. 11. What does the man say about the apartment? A. It has a good view. B. It’s a little small. C. It’s out of style. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and salesman. 听第9段材料，回答13至16小题。 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. On the phone. C. In the street. 14. How does Tom feel at first? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Relaxed. 15. What does Miss Li advise Tom to do? A. Correct the mistakes. B. Be more careful next time. C. Talk with his parents. 16. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A student. B. An exam. C. A song. 听第10段材料，回答17至20小题。 17. How many foreign students are visiting the speaker’s school? A. Only 13. B. About 16. C. Over 30. 18. Why does the school organize the music week? A. To remember a famous singer. B. To celebrate a European festival. C. To welcome foreign students. 19. When can students sign up for the activities? A. Before September 5th. B. Before September 15th. C. In late September. 20. Where will the music week be held? A. In the garden. B. In the library. C. In the music hall. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exhibitions in the British Museum Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japan's most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's life—a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces. 25 May—13 August 2017 Room 35 Adults￡12,Members/under 16s free Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950 Drawn from the British Museum's rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras—two halves of very different centuries. 23 February—27 August 2017 Room 90 Free,just drop in Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia This major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians—nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare,who flourished between 900 and 200 BC.Their encounters with the Greeks,Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost—buried beneath the ice. 14 September 2017—14 January 2018 Room 30 Adults￡16.50,Members/under 16s free Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s. 19 July—3 September 2017 Room 90a Free,just drop in 1. If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery,you will probably go to______. A. Room 35 B. Room 90 C. Room 30 D. Room 90a 2. Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017? A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave. B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia. C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950. D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift. 3. Where can we most probably find the passage? A In a health report. B. In a story book. C. In a parenting magazine. D. In a tour guide. B In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they can’t stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick (操纵杆) controls and constantly (不断地) pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist (手腕) movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed (发炎的) and swollen (肿胀的) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior’s Wrist”. Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows (手肘) and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she passed out and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency (频率). 4. Electronic games are found very popular with _______. A teenagers living in towns B. students studying in high schools C girls working in their father’s workshops D. people interested in spaceships 5 “Space Warrior’s Wrist” is caused by _______. A. rapidly moving the screen B. inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist C. tightly holding the joystick controls D. constantly pressing the buttons 6. Why does the author mention the case of a 17-year-old girl? A. To feel sorry for the young girl. B. To show young people’s poor health. C. To prove the negative effects of playing electronic games. D. To remind parents to control teenager’s behavior at home. 7. From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _______. A. enjoyable and helpful to the study B. exciting but harmful to the health C. interesting but harmless to the eyes D. amusing and satisfying C Natural selection is the process by which one type of animal within a species thrives because of certain qualities that make it more likely to live than others in its group. The history of the peppered moth (灰蛾) is an example of the natural selection process. In nineteenth-century England, certain types of peppered moths were able to better blend (融合) into their surroundings. During that time period, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution was part of this change, and with it came air pollution. Natural selection often takes hundreds or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively (相对地) quickly. At the beginning of the Industrial Age, most peppered moths in England were light-colored and covered with black markings, although a few moths had dark-colored wings. Because the light-colored moths blended into the light-colored bark on the trees, they could not be easily seen by birds that would eat them. As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot (煤烟) and became darker. The light-colored moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored. In the twentieth century, the air cleared up, and the peppered moth population changed again. As tree trunks lightened due to less soot in the air, light-colored moths once again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as soot levels declined (下降). Depending on their environment, the coloration of the moths helped them to be “naturally selected” to survive. 8. Which of the following can replace the word “thrives” in the first paragraph? A. reduces B. endangers C. increases D. changes 9. What do we know about the peppered moth’s natural selection process? A. The length of time was unusual. B. It was a good example of environmental protection. C. This type of color change was typical for moths. D. The soot levels in England did not affect it. 10. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. The color of moths was unimportant. B. Both kinds of moths preferred the dark-colored trees. C. There were more light-colored moths than dark-colored moths. D. The number of moths had something to do with the level of air pollution. 11. Which would most likely happen if soot darkened England’s trees again? A. Birds would eat fewer moths. B. Moths would not be able to stay alive. C. The population of dark-colored moths would increase. D. Light-colored moths would disturb people’s life. D This summer has brought extreme heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems and the effects of the droughts are likely to be felt for years. Droughts aren’t new, but Earth’s rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much harder to avoid. The drought in the Horn of Africa may be the most serious situation. For several years, the area has had very little rain during the rainy seasons. The dry conditions have killed millions of farm animals and destroyed the crops of farmers. The drought is causing energy problems in Europe, too. The low water levels have cut the amount of hydroelectric power that can be produced. Some rivers are so low that the heavy boats that carry coal can’t travel on them. Farmers in California and Arizona have been hit particularly hard. California has put limits on water use across the state. Now water is being limited in other places. When there are water limits, farmers aren’t able to grow as many crops. That can drive up food prices, and that affects everyone. China is facing similar problems. The drought has dried up much of the water in the Yangtze, China’s longest river. That has cut the amount of energy produced by the world’s largest dam by 40%. China hasn’t been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. The government is calling on the public to turn off the air conditioner when it is not too hot. The country is trying to make it rain by shooting chemicals into clouds. But this is an uncertain and temporary response. There are no easy solutions to any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control. For now, governments and people will need to carefully manage water supplies and other resources to limit the damage as much as possible. 12. What has been affected by droughts according to the passage? A. Technology. B. Transportation. C. Education. D. Tourism. 13. What measures have been taken to deal with droughts in China? A. Bringing water from other countries. B. Finding replacement for rain water. C. Limiting the use of drinking water. D. Controlling the use of electricity. 14. How might the author feel about the fight against drought? A. Concerned. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed. D. Optimistic. 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Worldwide Droughts Appeared as New Problems B. China Is also Facing the Serious Drought Problem C. Droughts Cause Problems Around the World D. Many Reasons Lead to the Drought Problem 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Learning New Technology We live in a very exciting time. However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult. _____16_____. What to learn The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn. _____17_____. It’s important to have this strong passion, as it will provide you with the necessary fuel. Once you decide what to learn, reviewing what others have done will give you confidence that you, too, can do it! Listen and watch As you explore deeper into the pool of knowledge, you will want to add other forms of information. I encourage you to browse through iTunes U. _____18_____. You can listen to and watch what you are learning. This is particularly helpful for those who prefer an academic setting. Besides, there are a handful of websites that offer online education these days. ____19____ The best way to learn is by doing. Okay, you’ve read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you have been hoping to learn. What now? _____20_____. Eventually, the best way to learn is by doing. Pick a personal project that you can build using this new technology. A. Time for action B. Learn to share C. It’s time to put your knowledge to use D. I suggest you keep away from your phones E. This could be anything you are interested in F. It offers complete classes on a variety of topics G. The following tips can help you start your learning 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was always complaining about wind or rain. Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I ____21____ it strongly. On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very ____22____ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me. He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no experience of how powerful it was when it almost blew away everything ____23____ its way. “Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said. “Without it the ____24____ of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great ____25____ of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution (分布) of ____26____. The equatorial (赤道的) area that receives the most sunshine on earth ____27____ entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics (热带地区) would be even ____28____ while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones (温带) would ____29____ from the world...” Ignorance made me_____30_____. I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon — something much more violent, something a thousand times more_____31_____ than wind or rain — was a(n) _____32_____ to the existence of mankind. _____33_____ no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop to think for a moment before he complains. “_____34_____ typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The _____35_____ will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth — he will be better aware of the world he lives in. 21. A. blamed B. refused C. fought D. punished 22. A. excited B. delighted C. puzzled D. encouraged 23. A. on B. in C. by D. under 24. A. supply B. lack C. waste D. amount 25. A. power B. resource C. source D. strength 26. A. time B. wealth C. energy D. warmth 27. A. moves B. depends C. keeps D. holds 28. A. better B. cooler C. hotter D. warmer 29. A. remove B. move C. disappear D. escape 30. A. shortsighted B. anxious C. frightened D. upset 31. A. amazing B. appealing C. exciting D. upsetting 32. A. success B. advantage C. approach D. must 33. A. As B. Since C. While D. When 34. A. What about B. What if C. Even if D. How come 35. A. answers B. theories C. complaints D. mysteries 第二节　语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, born in 1930, in Ningnbo, Zhejiang Province, made great contributions to the fight against malaria, one of the ____36____ (deadly) diseases in human history. She was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work, thus becoming the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China ____37____ (receive) such a remarkable prize. In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou said that the process of extracting qinghao was far from smooth. When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine ___38___ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didn’t have ___39___ (advance) equipment back then. Her team ___40___ (refer) to old Chinese medicine books and tested over 2,000 traditional recipes. Tu even used to test medicines by eating them herself. Finally, Tu’s efforts paid ___41___. She found qinghao in sweet wormwood in 1971. Afterwards, she spent the next decades ____42____ (try) to improve the medicine. According to Tu Youyou, the ____43____ (discover) of qinghao was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just ____44____ (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.” She also thought ____45____ is scientists’ duty to fight for the health of all humans. 第四部分 第四部分 课本基础知识运用((共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 用课本语段中的原词填空。 Human activities that have ____46____ effects on animals can be just harmful. When we build farms or factories, we ____47____ animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and ____48____ influence quite far from their source. ____49____ due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has ____50____ greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. 第五部分 写作 (共两节， 满分35分) 第一节 (满分15分) 51. 某英文网站正在举办以“How I’ll help the earth”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文，包含以下要点： 1.保护地球的重要性； 2.你做法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分20分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. I felt the string of the package softly and then, unable to contain my curiosity any longer, I tore it open. It was a bright, brand new laptop. I had scored straight as for my O level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about ‘chat rooms’, ‘instant messaging’ and ‘e-mailing’, all of which I knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out. It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I came across a social networking site. Soon I became attracted to my new-found electronic friend. I began to spend more and more time on YouTube and became addicted to Facebook and Twitter. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be controlled entirely by the glowing screen before me. Whenever I was not glued to these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip or fashion websites. As time passed, I realized that I was addicted to the Internet. During weekends, when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the people I made friends with on the Internet although I had never met them. Soon I was spending the whole hours of the morning surfing on the Internet. Sleep was reduced to small naps and my grades at school also began getting from bad to worse. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was about this time that my parents noticed my change. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day，my father took away my laptop. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度第二学期期中学业水平测试试题 高一英语 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 注意事项： 1.本卷满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2.答卷前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上规定的地方。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效。 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Sue do for Bill? A. Take him to hospital. B. Finish the report. C. Clean the desk. 2. What is the woman likely to do next? A. Quit smoking. B. Taste a cake. C. Change her seat. 3. Where was the man last weekend? A. At home B. At a basketball game C. In Paris. 4. What does the man need now? A. Milk. B. Water. C. Ice cream. 5. Where does the woman want to go? A. The bus station. B. The train station. C. The police station. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What will Jack do at 10: 00 am? A. Catch a bus. B. Call the woman. C. Attend a lecture. 7. How does the man usually go to school? A. By taxi. B. By bike. C. On foot. 听第7段材料，回答8至9小题。 8. Whom is the party for? A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted. 9. What does the woman think of the man’s plan? A. Interesting B. Simple. C. Funny 听第8段材料，回答10至12小题。 10. Which does the woman like best? A. The living room. B. The bathroom. C. The kitchen. 11. What does the man say about the apartment? A. It has a good view. B. It’s a little small. C. It’s out of style. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and salesman. 听第9段材料，回答13至16小题。 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. On the phone. C. In the street. 14. How does Tom feel at first? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Relaxed. 15. What does Miss Li advise Tom to do? A. Correct the mistakes. B. Be more careful next time. C. Talk with his parents. 16. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A student. B. An exam. C. A song. 听第10段材料，回答17至20小题。 17. How many foreign students are visiting the speaker’s school? A. Only 13. B. About 16. C. Over 30. 18. Why does the school organize the music week? A. To remember a famous singer. B. To celebrate a European festival. C. To welcome foreign students. 19. When can students sign up for the activities? A. Before September 5th. B. Before September 15th. C. In late September. 20. Where will the music week be held? A. In the garden. B. In the library. C. In the music hall. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Exhibitions in the British Museum Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japan's most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's life—a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces. 25 May—13 August 2017 Room 35 Adults￡12,Members/under 16s free Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950 Drawn from the British Museum's rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras—two halves of very different centuries. 23 February—27 August 2017 Room 90 Free,just drop in Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia This major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians—nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare,who flourished between 900 and 200 BC.Their encounters with the Greeks,Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost—buried beneath the ice. 14 September 2017—14 January 2018 Room 30 Adults￡16.50,Members/under 16s free Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s. 19 July—3 September 2017 Room 90a Free,just drop in 1. If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery,you will probably go to______. A. Room 35 B. Room 90 C. Room 30 D. Room 90a 2. Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017? A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave. B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia. C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950. D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift. 3. Where can we most probably find the passage? A. In a health report. B. In a story book. C. In a parenting magazine. D. In a tour guide. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了几幅英国博物馆展览的艺术品。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分里“this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours（这是第一个以风景画和水彩画为主题的展览）”以及下段的“Room 90”可知，如果你对自然风景的绘画感兴趣，你可能会去90房间。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这一部分里的“14 September 2017—14 January 2018（2017年9月14日- 2018年1月14日）”可知，在2017年十月份可以去参观“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这幅作品。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Exhibitions in the British Museum（大英博物馆的展览）”可知，短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导游杂志里。故选D。 B In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they can’t stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick (操纵杆) controls and constantly (不断地) pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist (手腕) movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed (发炎的) and swollen (肿胀的) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior’s Wrist”. Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows (手肘) and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she passed out and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency (频率). 4. Electronic games are found very popular with _______. A. teenagers living in towns B. students studying in high schools C. girls working in their father’s workshops D. people interested in spaceships 5. “Space Warrior’s Wrist” is caused by _______. A. rapidly moving the screen B inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist C. tightly holding the joystick controls D. constantly pressing the buttons 6. Why does the author mention the case of a 17-year-old girl? A. To feel sorry for the young girl. B. To show young people’s poor health. C. To prove the negative effects of playing electronic games. D. To remind parents to control teenager’s behavior at home. 7. From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _______. A enjoyable and helpful to the study B. exciting but harmful to the health C. interesting but harmless to the eyes D. amusing and satisfying 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了电子游戏在青少年中的流行以及由此引发的一些健康问题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters…”（在今天的大多数城镇，你可以看到青少年站在闪着光的电子游戏机前，射击来自其他星球的宇宙飞船，并向奇怪的怪物投掷炸弹……）可知，电子游戏在城镇的青少年中非常流行。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The rapid wrist (手腕) movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed (发炎的) and swollen (肿胀的) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior’s Wrist”.”（引导飞船穿越屏幕所需的快速手腕运动会引起另一个问题：手腕和手臂的肌肉变得如此发炎和肿胀，以至于它们压迫骨头。医生现在称这种情况为“太空战士手腕”。）可知，“太空战士手腕”是由手腕肌肉发炎和肿胀引起的。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she passed out and fell to the floor.”（《英国医学杂志》最近报道了一名17岁女孩的病例，显示了另一个更令人担忧的问题。她每天玩各种电子游戏超过两个小时。她的父亲修理游戏和机器，她可以随时使用他工作室里的系统。有一天，她在玩了一款名为Dark Invader的游戏后，昏倒在地板上。）可推知，段中提及了一个17岁女孩因玩游戏昏倒的例子，是为了证明玩电子游戏对健康的负面影响。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters…”（在今天的大多数城镇，你可以看到青少年站在闪着光的电子游戏机前，射击来自其他星球的宇宙飞船，并向奇怪的怪物投掷炸弹……）、第二段中“The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed (发炎的) and swollen (肿胀的) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior’s Wrist”.”（手腕和手臂的肌肉变得如此发炎和肿胀，以至于它们压迫骨头。医生现在称这种情况为“太空战士手腕”。）和第四段“Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal.”（《英国医学杂志》最近报道了一名17岁女孩的病例，显示了另一个更令人担忧的问题。）可知，虽然电子游戏可能很吸引人，但也会导致各种健康问题，如手腕、手肘和肩膀的疼痛，甚至可能引发由特定频率的闪烁灯光引起的不寻常疾病。因此，我们可以得出结论，玩电子游戏虽然可能很刺激，但对健康是有害的。故选B项。 C Natural selection is the process by which one type of animal within a species thrives because of certain qualities that make it more likely to live than others in its group. The history of the peppered moth (灰蛾) is an example of the natural selection process. In nineteenth-century England, certain types of peppered moths were able to better blend (融合) into their surroundings. During that time period, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution was part of this change, and with it came air pollution. Natural selection often takes hundreds or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively (相对地) quickly. At the beginning of the Industrial Age, most peppered moths in England were light-colored and covered with black markings, although a few moths had dark-colored wings. Because the light-colored moths blended into the light-colored bark on the trees, they could not be easily seen by birds that would eat them. As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot (煤烟) and became darker. The light-colored moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored. In the twentieth century, the air cleared up, and the peppered moth population changed again. As tree trunks lightened due to less soot in the air, light-colored moths once again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as soot levels declined (下降). Depending on their environment, the coloration of the moths helped them to be “naturally selected” to survive. 8. Which of the following can replace the word “thrives” in the first paragraph? A. reduces B. endangers C. increases D. changes 9. What do we know about the peppered moth’s natural selection process? A. The length of time was unusual. B. It was a good example of environmental protection. C. This type of color change was typical for moths. D. The soot levels in England did not affect it. 10. What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. The color of moths was unimportant. B. Both kinds of moths preferred the dark-colored trees. C. There were more light-colored moths than dark-colored moths. D. The number of moths had something to do with the level of air pollution. 11. Which would most likely happen if soot darkened England’s trees again? A. Birds would eat fewer moths. B. Moths would not be able to stay alive. C. The population of dark-colored moths would increase. D. Light-colored moths would disturb people’s life. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国灰蛾因为工业革命和近年来的环境改变的原因，发生的两次不同种群的自然选择变化过程。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线单词后“Natural selection is the process by which one type of animal within a species thrives  because of certain qualities that make it more likely to live than others in its group. (自然选择是指一个物种中一种动物因为具有某些品质而比其他动物更有可能存活下来而thrives的过程。)”可知使得动物容易存活，所以指的是动物数量的增加，蓬勃发展，故C选项increases（增长，增强）与划线词意义一致。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Natural selection often takes hundreds or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively (相对地) quickly. (自然选择通常需要数百年甚至数千年才能发生。对于灰蛾来说，这个过程发生得相对较快。)”可知，灰蛾在自然选择的过程中所花的时间长度是不同寻常的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At the beginning of the Industrial Age, most peppered moths in England were light-colored and covered with black markings, although a few moths had dark-colored wings. (在工业时代初期，英国的大多数斑蛾都是浅色的，身上有黑色的斑纹，尽管有一些蛾子的翅膀是深色的。)”以及“As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot (煤烟) and became darker. The light-colored moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored. (然而，随着空气污染越来越严重，树干被烟灰覆盖，颜色也越来越深。鸟儿很容易在深色的树干上看到浅色的飞蛾。由于深色的飞蛾现在占了优势，它们的数量就增加了。在50年的时间里，灰蛾的大部分颜色从浅色变成了深色。)”可知，一开始大多数飞蛾的颜色是浅色的，随着空气污染的加重，灰蛾的大部分颜色从浅色变成了深色。所以灰蛾的数量与空气的质量有关。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot (煤烟) and became darker. The light-colored moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored. (然而，随着空气污染越来越严重，树干被烟灰覆盖，颜色也越来越深。鸟儿很容易在深色的树干上看到浅色的飞蛾。由于深色的飞蛾现在占了优势，它们的数量就增加了。在50年的时间里，灰蛾的大部分颜色从浅色变成了深色。)”可知，英格兰的树干颜色再次变深，那么深色的飞蛾的数量会增加。故选C。 D This summer has brought extreme heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems and the effects of the droughts are likely to be felt for years. Droughts aren’t new, but Earth’s rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much harder to avoid. The drought in the Horn of Africa may be the most serious situation. For several years, the area has had very little rain during the rainy seasons. The dry conditions have killed millions of farm animals and destroyed the crops of farmers. The drought is causing energy problems in Europe, too. The low water levels have cut the amount of hydroelectric power that can be produced. Some rivers are so low that the heavy boats that carry coal can’t travel on them. Farmers in California and Arizona have been hit particularly hard. California has put limits on water use across the state. Now water is being limited in other places. When there are water limits, farmers aren’t able to grow as many crops. That can drive up food prices, and that affects everyone. China is facing similar problems. The drought has dried up much of the water in the Yangtze, China’s longest river. That has cut the amount of energy produced by the world’s largest dam by 40%. China hasn’t been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. The government is calling on the public to turn off the air conditioner when it is not too hot. The country is trying to make it rain by shooting chemicals into clouds. But this is an uncertain and temporary response. There are no easy solutions to any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control. For now, governments and people will need to carefully manage water supplies and other resources to limit the damage as much as possible. 12. What has been affected by droughts according to the passage? A. Technology. B. Transportation. C. Education. D. Tourism. 13. What measures have been taken to deal with droughts in China? A. Bringing water from other countries. B. Finding replacement for rain water. C. Limiting the use of drinking water. D. Controlling the use of electricity. 14. How might the author feel about the fight against drought? A. Concerned. B. Satisfied. C Disappointed. D. Optimistic. 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Worldwide Droughts Appeared as New Problems B. China Is also Facing the Serious Drought Problem C. Droughts Cause Problems Around the World D. Many Reasons Lead to the Drought Problem 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了干旱给各世界各地带来的问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The drought is causing energy problems in Europe, too. The low water levels have cut the amount of hydroelectric power that can be produced. Some rivers are so low that the heavy boats that carry coal can’t travel on them.(干旱也给欧洲带来了能源问题。低水位减少了可生产的水力发电量。有些河流水位很低，载煤的重型船只无法在上面航行)”可知，干旱导致有些河流水位降低，从而影响运输。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“China hasn’t been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. The government is calling on the public to turn off the air conditioner when it is not too hot.(中国一直无法生产足够的能源，因为数百万人都在使用电力来降温。政府呼吁公众在天气不太热的时候关掉空调)”可知，中国通过控制用电来应对干旱。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are no easy solutions to any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control. (这些干旱都没有简单的解决办法。气候危机的产生历时多年，要控制气候危机也需要很长时间)”可推知，作者对与旱灾的斗争充满担忧。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了干旱给非洲之角、欧洲、加州、亚利桑那州和中国等多地带来的问题，由此推知“干旱在世界各地造成问题”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Learning New Technology We live in a very exciting time. However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult. _____16_____. What to learn The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn. _____17_____. It’s important to have this strong passion, as it will provide you with the necessary fuel. Once you decide what to learn, reviewing what others have done will give you confidence that you, too, can do it! Listen and watch As you explore deeper into the pool of knowledge, you will want to add other forms of information. I encourage you to browse through iTunes U. _____18_____. You can listen to and watch what you are learning. This is particularly helpful for those who prefer an academic setting. Besides, there are a handful of websites that offer online education these days. ____19____ The best way to learn is by doing. Okay, you’ve read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you have been hoping to learn. What now? _____20_____. Eventually, the best way to learn is by doing. Pick a personal project that you can build using this new technology. A. Time for action B. Learn to share C. It’s time to put your knowledge to use D. I suggest you keep away from your phones E. This could be anything you are interested in F. It offers complete classes on a variety of topics G. The following tips can help you start your learning 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是是一篇说明文。文章首先指出在资源丰富的今天，选择学习新技术的途径可能会很困难，然后给出了几个建议来帮助读者开始学习新技术。 【16题详解】 上文“However, with such a wealth of resources, the options of learning new technology can be very difficult. (然而，有着如此丰富的资源，学习新技术的选择可能会非常困难)”提出学习新的技术面临困难，后文给出三条建议。G选项“The following tips can help you start your learning (以下的建议可以帮助你开始学习)”承上启下，引出下文的具体建议，下文语意连贯。故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“The first step, when picking up a new skill, is to determine what to learn.(当学习一项新技能时，第一步是确定要学什么)”提出第一步是确定要学什么，E选项“This could be anything you are interested in (这可以是任何你感兴趣的东西)”承接上文，给出了具体的建议，明确要选择感兴趣的东西来学习，上下文语意连贯。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“I encourage you to browse through iTunes U. (我鼓励你浏览iTunes U)”建议浏览iTunes U。F选项“It offers complete classes on a variety of topics (它提供了各种主题的完整课程)”承接上文，说明了iTunes U的优点，句中指示代词“It”指代上文“iTunes U”，上下文语意连贯。故选F。 【19题详解】 设空句为段落标题，根据下文“The best way to learn is by doing.(最好的学习方法就是实践)”可知，本段说明了实践的重要性，建议行动起来。故A选项“Time for action (是时候行动了)”是本段内容的概括，是最佳小标题。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Okay, you’ve read countless tutorials, watched videos, and have a better understanding of the technology that you have been hoping to learn. What now?(好了，你已经阅读了无数的教程，观看了视频，并且对你一直希望学习的技术有了更好的理解。现在该做什么?)”提到在阅读了无数的教程和观看了视频后，现在怎么办？C选项“It’s time to put your knowledge to use(是时候把你的知识运用起来了)”承接上文，作出回答：运用所学知识进行实践，与小标题呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was always complaining about wind or rain. Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I ____21____ it strongly. On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very ____22____ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me. He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no experience of how powerful it was when it almost blew away everything ____23____ its way. “Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said. “Without it the ____24____ of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great ____25____ of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution (分布) of ____26____. The equatorial (赤道的) area that receives the most sunshine on earth ____27____ entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics (热带地区) would be even ____28____ while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones (温带) would ____29____ from the world...” Ignorance made me_____30_____. I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon — something much more violent, something a thousand times more_____31_____ than wind or rain — was a(n) _____32_____ to the existence of mankind. _____33_____ no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop to think for a moment before he complains. “_____34_____ typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The _____35_____ will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth — he will be better aware of the world he lives in. 21. A. blamed B. refused C. fought D. punished 22. A. excited B. delighted C. puzzled D. encouraged 23. A. on B. in C. by D. under 24. A. supply B. lack C. waste D. amount 25. A. power B. resource C. source D. strength 26. A. time B. wealth C. energy D. warmth 27. A. moves B. depends C. keeps D. holds 28. A. better B. cooler C. hotter D. warmer 29. A. remove B. move C. disappear D. escape 30. A. shortsighted B. anxious C. frightened D. upset 31. A. amazing B. appealing C. exciting D. upsetting 32. A. success B. advantage C. approach D. must 33. A. As B. Since C. While D. When 34. A. What about B. What if C. Even if D. How come 35. A. answers B. theories C. complaints D. mysteries 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对于风雨和台风的看法转变，从一个总是抱怨风雨带来不便的人，到了解到台风对人类生存的重要性，提醒人们在抱怨之前要思考，以更好地理解自己所生活的世界。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管风或雨的到来并不是什么不寻常的事，但它给我出门带来了不便，有时甚至会造成糟糕的氛围，所以我强烈地责怪它。A. blamed责备，责怪；B. refused拒绝；C. fought与……作斗争；D. punished惩罚。根据上文“it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere”可知，糟糕的天气给作者带来了不便，因此作者责怪天气。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个雨天，我遇到的一位气象学家对我因为下雨造成的一点小不便而大发雷霆感到非常困惑。A. excited兴奋的；B. delighted高兴的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据下文“my great anger”和“a little inconvenience”可知，作者为下雨造成的一点不便而大发雷霆感，由此推知，气象学家会对此感到困惑。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有经历过，当它几乎把阻挡它的一切都吹走时，它是多么的势不可挡。A. on在……上面；B. in在……中；C. by在……旁边；D. under在……下面。结合常识和上文“blew away everything”可推知，台风几乎会刮走阻挡它的一切；in one’s way“妨碍某人；挡了某人的路”。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，淡水的缺乏将更加严重，因为它是地球上水资源的一个巨大来源。A. supply供应；B. lack缺乏；C. waste浪费；D. amount数量。根据下文“for it is a great 5 of water supply on earth.”可知，台风是淡水之源，没有台风，淡水的缺乏将更加严重。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，淡水的缺乏将更加严重，因为它是地球上水资源的一个巨大来源。A. power力量；B. resource资源；C. source来源；D. strength力气。根据下文“water supply on earth”可知，台风是地球上水资源的一个重要来源。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，热量的分布将会有更大的不平衡。A. time时间；B. wealth财富；C. energy能量；D. warmth温暖。根据下文“The equatorial (赤道的) area that receives the most sunshine on earth 7 entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat.”可知，台风可以驱散热量，所以如果没有它，热量的分布将会有更大的不平衡。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：地球上接受阳光最多的赤道地区完全依赖台风来驱散热量。A. moves移动；B. depends依赖；C. keeps保持；D. holds握住。根据上文“The equatorial (赤道的) area that receives the most sunshine on earth”和下文“disperse (驱散) heat”可推知，赤道地区完全依赖台风来驱散热量。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有台风，热带地区甚至会更热，而寒冷地区会更冷。A. better更好的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. hotter更热的；D. warmer更温暖的。根据上文“The equatorial (赤道的) area that receives the most sunshine on earth 7 entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat.”和下文“the frigid zones much colder”可知，赤道地区完全依赖台风来驱散热量，如果没有台风，热带地区甚至会更热，而寒冷地区会更冷。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，温带将从世界上消失……。A. remove移除；B. move移动；C. disappear消失；D. escape逃跑。根据上文“Without typhoon the tropics (热带地区) would be even 8 while the frigid zones much colder.”可知，没台风来均衡热量，热带会更热，寒带会更冷，将没有中间地带，温带将从世界上消失。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无知使我目光短浅。A. shortsighted目光短浅的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. frightened害怕的；D. upset沮丧的。结合上文可知作者仅仅因为天气给自己造成了不便就责备天气，没有意识到下雨的重要作用，作者的无知让他目光短浅。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我完全不知道，台风——一种比风雨更猛烈、更令人不安的东西——是人类生存的必需品。A. amazing令人惊奇的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. upsetting令人不安的。根据上文“much more violent”可知，台风是比风雨更令人不安的东西。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我完全不知道，台风——一种比风雨更猛烈、更令人不安的东西——是人类生存的必需品。A. success成功；B. advantage优点；C. approach方法；D. must必需品。根据第四段中对台风作用的介绍和后文“to the existence of mankind”可知，台风是人类生存所必须。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：正如世上没有一条路是完全平坦的，世上也没有一个人能随心所欲。A. As正如；B. Since自从；C. While当……时候；D. When当……时候。“no road on earth goes all the way on level ground”和“there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases”是类比关系，用连词as表示“正如”，引导比较状语从句。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查固定句型辨析。句意：“如果台风都消失了会怎么样？那时世界会变成什么样子？”A. What about……怎么样；B. What if如果……会怎么样；C. Even if即使；D. How come怎么会这样。根据下文“typhoon disappeared all together?”可知，这是一种假设：台风如果全部消失会怎么样，what if符合语境。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个答案会让他保持冷静，让他更接近真相——他会更好地了解他所生活的世界。A. answers答案；B. theories理论；C. complaints抱怨；D. mysteries神秘的事物。上文“ 14 typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?”提出了两个问题，所以此处是指问题的答案。故选A项。 第二节　语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, born in 1930, in Ningnbo, Zhejiang Province, made great contributions to the fight against malaria, one of the ____36____ (deadly) diseases in human history. She was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work, thus becoming the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China ____37____ (receive) such a remarkable prize. In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou said that the process of extracting qinghao was far from smooth. When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine ___38___ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didn’t have ___39___ (advance) equipment back then. Her team ___40___ (refer) to old Chinese medicine books and tested over 2,000 traditional recipes. Tu even used to test medicines by eating them herself. Finally, Tu’s efforts paid ___41___. She found qinghao in sweet wormwood in 1971. Afterwards, she spent the next decades ____42____ (try) to improve the medicine. According to Tu Youyou, the ____43____ (discover) of qinghao was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just ____44____ (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.” She also thought ____45____ is scientists’ duty to fight for the health of all humans. 【答案】36. deadliest 37. to receive 38. that##which 39. advanced 40. referred 41. off 42. trying 43. discovery 44. mine 45. it 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了女科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素，为抗击疟疾做出巨大贡献，被授予诺贝尔奖。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：。屠呦呦，1930年出生于浙江宁波，为防治人类历史上最严重的疾病之一——疟疾做出了巨大贡献。“one of++形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，所以空处应用形容词最高级形式。故填deadliest。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦是中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，因其工作获得了诺贝尔奖。空处作非谓语动词，被修饰词female scientist前有序数词the first修饰，所以空处应用不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：20世纪60至70年代，当屠呦呦加入国家科研团队来寻找抗疟药物时，情况十分艰难。空格处修饰先行词medicine，且在定语从句中作主语，指物用that或which。故填that/which。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当时团队没有先进的装备。形容词修饰名词作定语，“先进的”是advanced。故填advanced。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她的团队查阅了古老的中医书籍，并测试了 2,000 多种传统药方。根据 tested可知，句子时态用一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，且空格处是谓语动词，用过去式。故填referred。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：最后，屠呦呦的努力得到了回报。pay off表示“取得成功，得到回报”。故填off。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：之后她又花了几十年的时间尝试改良药物。spend+时间+(in) doing表示“花费时间做某事”，用动名词形式作宾语。故填trying。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：据屠呦呦介绍，青蒿的发现是整个团队共同努力的结果。根据冠词the可知，此处应用名词discovery作主语。故填discovery。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：当得知自己获得诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不只属于我一个人”。此处用名词性物主代词mine表示“我的荣誉”。故填mine。 【45题详解】 考查形式主语it。句意：她还认为，为全人类的健康而奋斗是科学家的天职。句子使用句型it is +名词+to do，其中it作形式主语，to do是真正的主语。故填it。 第四部分 第四部分 课本基础知识运用((共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 用课本语段中的原词填空。 Human activities that have ____46____ effects on animals can be just harmful. When we build farms or factories, we ____47____ animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and ____48____ influence quite far from their source. ____49____ due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has ____50____ greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. 【答案】46. indirect 47. destroy 48. damaging 49. Partly 50. dropped 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类活动对动物产生的不良影响。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对动物有间接影响的人类活动可能是有害的。根据句意，表示“间接的”，用形容词indirect作定语，修饰名词effects。故填indirect。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处居住，或没有食物吃。根据句意，表示“破坏”用动词destroy，作主句谓语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语we是复数人称代词，谓语用复数形式。故填destroy。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：空气、水、噪音和光污染都能对远离源头的地方产生深远的破坏性影响。根据句意，表示“有破坏性的”用形容词damaging作定语，修饰名词influence。故填damaging。 【49题详解】 考查副词。句意：部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量大幅下降。根据句意，表示“部分地，在某种程度上”用副词partly作状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Partly。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量大幅下降。根据句意，表示“下降”用动词drop，作分句谓语，用过去分词dropped与空格前助动词has构成现在完成时态。故填dropped。 第五部分 写作 (共两节， 满分35分) 第一节 (满分15分) 51. 某英文网站正在举办以“How I’ll help the earth”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文，包含以下要点： 1.保护地球的重要性； 2.你的做法。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 How I’ll help the earth With the improvement of our living standard, the world is becoming more advanced. At the same time, it also brings about many problems. Therefore, it is particularly important to protect the Earth. From my point of view, I think it useful to lead a low-carbon life. Firstly, when we have a need to go out, we may as well take public transport, such as riding bikes. By riding a bike, we can not only exercise our body but also protect our environment. Besides, as for green living, we can sort the garbage. In this way, garbage won’t be thrown casually and our surroundings will become more and more friendly and beautiful. Protect the Earth, and everyone is responsible! Only one of us is dedicated to their own little effort, we will be able to make tomorrows’ home more beautiful. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，来参加某英文网站正在举办的以“How I’ll help the earth”为主题的征文活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 发展，改善：improvement → development 同时：at the same time → meanwhile 产生：bring about → cause 在我看来：from my point of view → in my opinion 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore it is particularly important to protect the Earth. 拓展句：Therefore, it is particularly important to protect the Earth, which will be of benefit to our later generation in the long run. 【点睛】【高分句型1】From my point of view, I think it useful to lead a low-carbon life.（运用了it作形式宾语） 【高分句型2】Firstly, when we have a need to go out, we may as well take public transport, such as riding bikes.（运用了时间状语从句） 第二节 (满分20分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. I felt the string of the package softly and then, unable to contain my curiosity any longer, I tore it open. It was a bright, brand new laptop. I had scored straight as for my O level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about ‘chat rooms’, ‘instant messaging’ and ‘e-mailing’, all of which I knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out. It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I came across a social networking site. Soon I became attracted to my new-found electronic friend. I began to spend more and more time on YouTube and became addicted to Facebook and Twitter. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be controlled entirely by the glowing screen before me. Whenever I was not glued to these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip or fashion websites. As time passed, I realized that I was addicted to the Internet. During weekends, when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the people I made friends with on the Internet although I had never met them. Soon I was spending the whole hours of the morning surfing on the Internet. Sleep was reduced to small naps and my grades at school also began getting from bad to worse. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was about this time that my parents noticed my change. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day，my father took away my laptop. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 It was about this time that my parents noticed my change. They voiced their disapproval. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. I was asked to slow down my usage of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to end my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e-mail or message board. Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I cried and objected but in vain. Dad had made up his mind. Over time, I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I had expected. But with dogged determination, I knew that I would be able to do it. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为考试成绩获得全优，父母给他买了一台全新笔记本电脑作为奖励。渐渐地，作者开始沉迷于网络，不再与父母交流，学习成绩也在恶化的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在这个时候，我的父母注意到了我的变化。”可知，第一段可描写父母对作者的要求和作者的表现。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后有一天，我父亲拿走了我的笔记本电脑。”可知，第二段可描写作者失去电脑的感受和感悟。 2.续写线索：获得电脑——沉迷网络——父母不满——没收电脑——改过自新 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.集中：concentrate on /focus on ②.意识到：realize/recognize ③.决定：decide to /determine to 情绪类 ①.绝望的：desperate / hopeless/in despair ②.顽固的：dogged /stubborn 【点睛】[高分句型1]. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. （由连接词that引导的主语从句） [高分句型2]. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$