必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World第1课时（Word教师用书）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版2019）

第1课时——精析重难点·核心词汇的深化学习 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The native (本地的) cuisine of this region is incredibly unique. 2．A positive attitude (态度) can significantly influence one's ability to overcome challenges. 3．Climate change is a significant factor (因素) in the increasing frequency of wildfires. 4．The river is often used as a symbol (象征) of life's ups and downs in literature. 5．People adore him for his noble character (品质)． 6．I need specific (具体的) details about the project before I can make a decision. 7．She has a vast vocabulary (词汇), which makes her writing rich and engaging. 8．It is through struggle (奋斗) that we learn and grow, shaping ourselves into better individuals. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The journalist has written several reports with reference (refer) to the terrible typhoon. 2．Local people are suffering from various (variety) kinds of problems. 3．The majority (major) of them demand that food and water should be supplied in time. 4．Based (base) on their demands, the government has taken effective measures. 5．Many people expressed their appreciation (appreciate) for the quick response of the government. 6．The article gives a detailed description (describe) of the beauty of Mount Tianshan. 7．What is equally (equal) important is that we should live a positive life. 8．The chairman referred to many factors related (relate) to the failure of the plan. 9．It is obvious that he is not equal to such a demanding (demand) job. 10．We are facing global (globe) challenges, such as climate change. Ⅲ.熟词生义(写出黑体部分的词性及汉语意思) 1．The natives were friendly and eager to share their culture with us.n.当地人 2．And learning another tongue helps the student grasp another way of thinking.n.语言 3．You can relate your experience in the discussion forum.vt.讲述 4．You never really appreciate a thing until you have to give it up.vt.重视 5．I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal.n.同等的人 6．Competition is an important character for modern society.n.特点 Ⅳ.选词填空 varieties of， date back to， depend on， point of view， refer to， relate to， take on， ups and downs 1．Our planet's survival depends_on the collective efforts of each and every one of us. 2．With the development of the society, varieties_of new things are appearing. 3．In his speech, he referred_to the challenges faced by teenagers in the digital age. 4．Every life has its ups_and_downs;_it's how we handle them that matters. 5．The first records of this disease date_back_to ancient Greece. 6．From my point_of_view,_we should eat more vegetables and less fat and sugar. 7．His research relates_to the environmental impact of plastic waste. 8．The team is ready to take_on the challenge of the upcoming competition. Ⅴ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)His advice was_of_great_help to me in making my decision. 他的建议对我做决定大有帮助。 2．(完成句子)It_can_be_a_struggle_for_students_to_understand complex mathematical concepts. 对于学生来说，理解复杂的数学概念可能是件困难的事情。 3．(完成句子)I_would_appreciate_it_if you could help me with this problem. 如果你能帮我解决这个问题，我会很感激。 4．(翻译句子)你读的越多，你知道的就越多。 The_more_you_read,_the_more_you_know. 5．(一句多译)无论你在哪里，你总能通过技术与你的亲人保持联系。 ①No_matter_where_you_are,_you can always connect with your loved ones through technology. ②Wherever_you_are,_you can always connect with your loved ones through technology. 6．(一句多译)老师要求学生们在周末之前提交他们的作业。 ①The_teacher_demanded_of_the_students_to_hand_in their homework by the end of the week. ②The_teacher_demanded_that_the_students_(should)_hand_in their homework by the end of the week. 7．This is by no means an easy task.(升级为倒装结构) →By_no_means_is_this_an_easy_task. 8．The movie is based on a true story. It is quite entertaining. →The movie based_on_a_true_story is quite entertaining.(分词短语作定语) →Based_on_a_true_story,_the movie is quite entertaining. (分词短语作状语) 1．base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据 |助|表|达|　 (应用文之告知信)I am writing to inform you of some basic table manners.Based on traditional Chinese customs, you should let the elderly eat first. 我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上 (2)based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据…… (3)basis n. 基础；准则；方式 on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据…… on a regular basis 定期地 (4)basic adj. 基本的；基础的 basically adv. 大体上；基本上；总的说来 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/句式升级)　 ①The novel was_based (base)on an interesting story and it was well worth reading. ②You'd better learn some basic (base) Chinese before you study for a degree in Chinese culture. ③After school we practise dancing on a regular basis, which helps me connect with others and greatly enriches my campus life. ④Based_on_an_interesting_story,_the novel was well worth reading. (用分词短语作状语升级句①) ⑤The novel based_on_an_interesting_story was well worth reading.(用分词短语作定语升级句①) 2．variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 |助|表|达|　 (2023·浙江1月高考写作)Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world. 在整个活动中，我被世界中存在的植物的惊人多样性所震撼。 |精|归|纳|　 种类繁多的；各种各样的 (2)vary v．　　　　　　 不同；变化；改变 vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动 (3)varied adj. 各种各样的；多变的 various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 for various reasons 由于种种原因 名师指津：a variety of/varieties of可以修饰可数或不可数名词。该短语修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空)　 ①There are many varieties (variety) of fruit: pears, apples, and lots more I just can't think of. ②For your visit here, a variety of activities have_been_arranged (arrange) by far. ③A variety of useful information is_offered (offer) on that website, and that is why it is so popular. ④He was a perfect field assistant for me as I studied the various/varied (variety) birds in a hill near my house. 3．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之学校生活)I started learning painting at an early age and chose painting art and history as my major in college. 我很早就开始学习绘画，在大学里选择了绘画艺术和历史作为我的专业。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)major in 　　　　　　　 主修…… (2)majority n. 大多数；大部分 a/the majority of ... 大多数…… in the/a majority 占多数 (3)in the/a minority 占少数 名师指津：a/the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，谓语动词常用单数；若集合名词强调个体，谓语动词常用复数。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①In fact, he encourages me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. ②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far. ③Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were (be) really funny. ④Women are in_the_majority in the company while men are in_the_minority. 在这家公司，女性占大多数，而男性占少数。 4．means n.方式；方法；途径 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之语言学习)In Chinese language, each character not only has its own meaning but also can be a symbol that represents certain concepts, which is a unique means of communication. 在汉语中，每个字符不仅有其自身的含义，而且可以是代表某些概念的符号，这是一种独特的交流方式。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)a means of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径 (2)by means of　　 依靠……方法；借助……手段 by all means 一定；务必；当然可以(口语) by no means 决不；一点也不(位于句首，句子要倒装) (3)mean (doing) sth. 　　 意思是……；意味着…… mean to do sth. 　　 打算做某事 名师指津：means表示“方式；方法”时，单复数同形。当means作主语且有every，each等修饰时，谓语动词常用单数；当由some，several，few，many等修饰时，谓语动词常用复数。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①By no means is (be) the problem as simple as we first thought. ②You'd better practice using chopsticks in advance, which is also a means of showing your good table manners. ③Ancient people recorded what had happened by means of carving varieties of symbols with specific meanings onto shells or bones. ④All possible means have (has) been used to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. ⑤Every possible means has (have) been tried, but none worked. ⑥In conclusion, by_no_means_should_the_tradition_be_removed. 总之，这项传统绝不应该被去除。 5．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值 |助|表|达|　 (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Learning singing was a memorable experience for me, making me appreciate the beauty in my life artistically. 学习唱歌对我来说是一段难忘的经历，它使我能以艺术的方式欣赏生活中的美好。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.­ing　 欣赏/感激…… I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；理解；增值 express one's appreciation to sb. 表达对某人的感激之情 名师指津：(1)appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。(2)当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①I appreciate being_given (give) the opportunity to work in your company. ②I'm writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry appreciation (appreciate) activity in the school culture club next Friday. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I_would_appreciate_it if you could join our next episode, which will be aired at 1 pm next Monday. 如果你能参加我们下一集的节目，在下周一下午1点播出，我将非常感谢。 6．struggle n.& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 |助|表|达|　 (续写之人物描写)It is a struggle for him to wake up early in the morning due to his late­night study schedule. 由于他晚上学习到很晚，所以他早上早起床真的很困难。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)struggle for ...　　　　 为……而斗争 struggle with/against sb./sth. 与某人/某事做斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 (2)It is a struggle (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空)　 ①Many of their families were struggling to_make(make) a living. ②At present, China has to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad. ③For decades, Mandela struggled for the peace and equality of all races in South AfricA． 7．equal n.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的vt.比得上；敌得过 |助|表|达|　 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)More importantly, it guarantees that students with different communication abilities have equal opportunities to develop their language skills. 更重要的是，它确保具有不同交流能力的学生有平等的机会来发展他们的语言技巧。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)be equal to (doing) sth. 等于；能胜任(做)某事 be equal with 　　　 与……平等 without equal 无与伦比 (2)equal ... with ... 把……与……等同 equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在 (做)某事上比得上某人/某物 (3)equality n. 相等；平等 equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样地 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful. ②No one equals him in courage, about which everyone knows. ③We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality (equal) of nations, big or small. ④A cheerful state of mind is equally (equal) important to our health as healthy diets and regular exercise. ⑤This art exhibition is without equal, showing the creations of some of the world's most famous artists. ⑥In the field of English literature, few_authors_can_equal William Shakespeare. His unique ability to weave complex characters is beyond description. 在英语文学领域，很少有作家能与威廉·莎士比亚相匹敌。他编织复杂角色的独特能力无法用言语描述。 8．demand n.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问 |助|表|达|　 (应用文之投诉信)I demand that you should apologize to me for your mistake and give me some compensation as soon as possible. 我要求你为你的错误向我道歉，并尽快给我一些赔偿。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)in demand　　　　 需求大 meet/satisfy one's demand(s)/needs 满足某人的需求 (2)demand of sb. to do sth.　 要求(某人)做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that ...(should) do sth. 要求……(应该)做某事 (3)demanding adj. 苛求的；要求高的；费力的 名师指津：demand后接从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/补全语段)　 ①First, science graduates are in greater demand than art ones in this job. ②My father came down and demanded to_know (know) what was going on. ③Mastering a new language is a demanding (demand) task that requires dedication and continuous practice. ④I demanded_to_take_a_horse_ride in the mountains.To_meet/satisfy_my_demands,_my uncle demanded that my_father_and_I_(should)_keep_to_the_track in case we could get lost. 我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防我们迷路。 9．refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 |助|表|达|　 (应用文之建议信)It is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese character. 当你遇到具有挑战性的汉字时，强烈建议你参考新华字典。 |辨|析|清|　 (写出下列句中refer to的含义) ①Since the boy has been punished，please don't refer to that matter again.提到 ②If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅 ③When I said some people were stupid I wasn't referring to you.指的是 |精|归|纳|　 (1)refer ...to ...　　　　 把……送交给…… refer to ...as ... 把……称作…… (2)reference n. 指称关系；参考 in/with reference to 关于 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ④Traditional Chinese paintings refer to paintings painted on Xuan paper or silk in ink by brush made of animal hair. ⑤With winter vacation approaching, here are some tips for your reference (refer)． ⑥Somebody at the reception desk referred me to the manager. ⑦When talking about their beloved city, the locals often refer_to_it_as “The Heart of the Country” because of its central location and lively culture. 当谈到他们心爱的城市时，当地人经常把它称为“国之心脏”，因为它处于中心地理位置且文化活跃。 10．date back (to ...) 追溯到 |助|表|达|　 (话题写作之传统文化)Chinese chess dates back to ancient times, through which we possess the opportunity to develop patience as well as wisdom.中国象棋源远流长，通过下象棋，我们有机会培养耐心、增长智慧。 |精|归|纳|　 (1)date from (＝date back to)　 追溯到；起源于 (2)set a date for 确定……的日期 out of date 过时的；陈旧的 up to date 现代的；最新的 make a date with 与……预约/约会 名师指津：date from和date back to这两个短语，通常使用一般现在时，没有进行时态，也没有被动形式，常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。 |应|用|通|(单句语法填空/句式升级)　 ①Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history and it dates back to more than 1,000 years ago. ②These well­preserved paintings date from the Ming Dynasty, showing the remarkable skills and techniques of the artists from that period. ③Everyone should keep on getting themselves educated so as to be up to date with modern technology. ④Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history, which_dates_back_to_more_than_1,000_years_ago. (用定语从句升级句①) ⑤Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history, dating_back_to_more_than_1,000_years_ago. (用分词短语作定语升级句①) 语境迁移应用(运用本单元知识完成下列语段) 主题语境(1)——语言的发展 Each nation has its own tongue but personally (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：①in_my_point_of_view), language changes relate to the ②varieties (vary) of political ③systems_and_civilizations (制度和文明) of different countries, and despite these, there are other factors, too. Some languages can ④date_back_to (追溯到) the earliest. With ⑤ups_and_downs (兴衰) of a nation, its language is constantly changing. However language develops, it is a ⑥symbol (象征) of a nation. 主题语境(2)——热情高涨学中文 As a foreigner, Clery can speak standard Chinese, though his native language is Russian. In addition, he has studied Chinese characters for years and now ①is_good_at_calligraphy (擅长书法). He especially enjoys (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：②appreciates) classic Chinese literature and regards it ③as his major research subject. He tries every way (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：④means) to refer to Chinese classics ⑤based (base) on ancient Chinese culture. On the other hand, Clery cares about global affairs and has a positive attitude towards life. In his semester paper, he gives a specific ⑥description (describe) of man's demand and ⑦struggles_for_equal_rights (为争取平等权利而奋斗)． [课时作业评价]　　　　主题阅读集群训练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·广州模拟)Born in France, but raised in Spain, linguistics and literature professor Juan José Ciruela Alférez from the University of Granada is passionate about Chinese literature and has been doing some research about it. With painstaking effort, his Spanish translation of a Chinese classic was published last year. Ciruela said translating the novel was an interesting challenge. In recent years, many Chinese works have been introduced to Spain. However, as most of them had been translated first into English and then from that_language into Spanish, much of the originality was lost. For this reason, when the Spanish publishing house Kailas contacted Ciruela to translate it directly from Chinese, he accepted the mission immediately, even if it presented difficulties like a heavy workload within a short time limit. “I encountered various difficulties, especially at the beginning of the task，” said Ciruela in an interview.“This novel, in particular, needs a prior reading process in which the translator gets into the plot and the characters, since at first it is difficult to enter the world that the novel constantly raises. So I read the novel first in Chinese, paying attention to all those details and how all of that could be translated in a way that the Spanish readers would understand.” For Ciruela, the most important criterion when translating is fidelity (忠诚) to the original text. While it is true that one cannot always be strictly faithful, he believes translators should not be too far from original texts. For example, the translation of culturemes (expressions of culture in language) is quite complicated due to the cultural gap between Spanish and Chinese. Ciruela believes that these must always be appropriate to the specific function they perform within the text, in each specific case and moment. 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Juan José Ciruela Alférez致力于把中国文学作品翻译成西班牙语的故事。 1．What does the underlined phrase “that language” probably refer to? A．Spanish.　　　　　 B．English. C．Chinese. D．French. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句可知，因为其中大部分著作都是先翻译成英语，然后再从英语翻译成西班牙语，所以很多原创性都丧失了。因此，画线部分指代“英语”。 2．What caused Ciruela to translate the Chinese classic? A．His passion for Spanish literature. B．His determination to popularize it. C．The lack of its direct translation into Spanish. D．The loss of diversity in Spanish translation. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，因为缺少直接翻译的版本，所以Ciruela决定接受这项翻译任务。 3．What aspect of the translation task does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Its barrier. B．Its principle. C．Its style. D．Its meaning. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了Ciruela在翻译过程中遇到的困难。 4．What does Ciruela think is the most important in translation? A．Meeting readers' needs. B．Targeting cultural phenomenA． C．Bridging the cultural gap. D．Being loyal to the original text. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，Ciruela认为翻译忠于原文最重要。 B (2024·淮安模拟)Can you imagine there being a community where boys and girls growing up together can finally speak different languages? In Ubang Nigeria, it really happens. It's not exactly clear what percentage of the words in the men's and women's languages are different, but there are enough examples to make sentences sound different when spoken by the opposite sex. For “clothing”， men use the word “nki”， while women say “ariga”； “kitchi” means tree for men, while women say “okweng”. These are not just some slight pronunciation differences, but totally different words.“It's almost like two different lexicons (词汇集)，” a language expert, Chi Chi Undie said. “There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don't sound alike, and don't have the same letters. They are completely different words.” Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue. It seems that there is a stage the male will reach and he discovers he is not using the rightful language. When he starts speaking the men's language, you know the maturity is coming into him. No one really knows how or why the double­language tradition of Ubang began. Chi Chi Undie believes the two languages are the result of a “double­sex culture” where men and women operate in two separate spheres (范围) and live in separate worlds that rarely come together. However, she admits this is a weak theory, as the double­sex culture is present in many parts of Africa, where there are no different languages for men and women. Today, with English words constantly entering the lexicon of young Nigerians, Ubang's two languages are in danger of being lost forever. Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在尼日利亚的乌邦，在一个社区里一起长大的男孩和女孩最终会说不同的语言，这是乌邦独特的双语传统，但是现在这种传统正面临消失的危险。 5．What do we know about languages in Ubang? A．Word differences account for a high percentage. B．Men and women speak totally different languages. C．Word differences partly exist between the opposite sex. D．Men and women pronounce differently on the same word. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“It's not exactly clear ... when spoken by the opposite sex.”可知，在乌邦的语言中词汇差异部分存在于异性之间。 6．What does the underlined word “maturity” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Graduation. B．Adventure. C．Responsibility. D．Adulthood. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue”和最后一句中的“When he starts speaking the men's language”可知，此处是指男孩要成人了。由此推知，画线词maturity意为“发育成熟，长大成人”。 7．What does Chi Chi Undie want to explore in paragraph 3? A．The change of double­sex culture. B．The theory of doube­sex culture. C．The origin of double­language tradition. D．The sphere of double­language tradition. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“No one really knows how or why the double­language tradition of Ubang began.”可知，Chi Chi Undie想探索双语传统的起源。 8．How does the author feel about the disappearing languages in Ubang? A．Frightened. B．Concerned. C．Confused. D．Stressed. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为现在乌邦双语的传承状况很糟糕，是很令人担忧的。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2024·保定模拟)For most people, hearing the words “dinner's on the table” brings back memories of home­cooked meals shared with family. __9__ However, “Dinnertime！” as we currently know it was once different and has experienced a series of evolutions (演变)． __10__ Family members would eat in shifts, setting up a small table in a hallway or outside, or by the fireplace. In colonial (殖民的) times, the midday meal — “dinner” — was the largest one, while “supper” was a smaller evening meal. That changed during the Industrial Revolution. __11__ Laborers who were not paid for their lunchtime began to eat a quick, lighter meal at midday, moving dinner to the end of the day as the main family meal. For families of all socioeconomic levels, evening automatically became the time when everyone would be back at home together. Dinnertime started to be an important occasion. At present, flexible lifestyles, changing patterns of work­life balance, and evolving family structures have led to the appearance of a new kind of family dinner. __12__ A few clicks on the phone can bring people whatever their heart or stomach desires — Caribbean, Japanese, Italian and every other country's cuisine, not to mention delivery options that can meet special dietary needs. This makes sense given the various dining preferences of the newest age group. __13__ Regardless of who cooks the food, where it's eaten, and who you're eating with, the nightly tradition of sharing a meal while connecting with loved ones always stands strong. A．People began to work outside of the home. B．Family dinners are not always this flexible. C．There's never been so much variety for dinner. D．Despite the changes, the central concept remains. E．It's a magical phrase representing a warm time at sunset. F．Families didn't eat together in the evening before the 1700s. G．In the late 19th century dinnertime served as a symbol of stability. 语篇解读：本文是说明文。“晚饭做好了”这句话会唤起很多人有关家庭的回忆，勾勒出一幅傍晚时分的温馨画面。晚饭时间曾经并非今天这样，它经历了一系列的演变。但无论如何变化，它的核心理念始终如一。 9．选E　根据上下文语境可知，空处内容应与“晚饭做好了”这句话或晚饭时间有关，且与下文构成转折。E项“它是一个有魔力的说法，象征着傍晚时分的温馨时光”承接上文，It指代“dinner's on the table”这句话。 10．选F　结合下文内容尤其是“In colonial (殖民的) times” “the Industrial Revolution”可知，本段主要介绍了晚饭时间在不同时期的特点和变化。空处位于段首，应该也会涉及时间；空后又提到了“一家人会轮流吃饭”，故F项“在18世纪之前，一家人不会在晚上一起吃饭”可引出下文。 11．选A　空后提到“午餐时间没有报酬的劳动者开始在中午快速吃一顿更简单的饭菜，将正餐改到一天结束时作为家庭主要的一餐”，由此可知，空处内容应与劳动者不能中午吃正餐有关。A项“人们开始在外工作”符合语境。 12．选C　空前提到如今灵活的生活方式等使家庭晚餐有了新形式，空后提到只需在手机上点击几下，人们就可以拥有他们想吃的任何东西。故空处内容应涉及现在的晚餐形式或选择。C项“晚餐从未如此多样化”与上下文连贯。 13．选D　根据全文内容可知，最后一段是对本文内容的总结和升华，空后提到“无论是谁做饭，在哪里吃，以及和谁一起吃，与所爱的人一边沟通，一边一起吃饭的晚间传统依然很牢固”，D项“尽管有这些变化，但其核心理念没有改变”总结了上文，且能引出下文。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024·德州模拟)It was June a few years ago right around the Summer Solstice (夏至), the longest day of the year. A few weeks earlier the first fireflies (萤火虫) had appeared __14__ their lights on and off in the woods around my house and the grass in my backyard. What a __15__ it was to see them again! Their little lights made me smile with delight and I thanked __16__ for them. Now as the daylight was starting to __17__， I saw out of my window some of the neighborhood children trying to __18__ the slow­moving lightening fireflies. One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass bottle. After __19__ a few fireflies without success she __20__ caught one. All the other children gathered around to __21__ it shining its light on and off inside the bottle. Soon __22__ started to fall and one of the children's mom walked over to them and told them it was time to __23__ the firefly. One of the girls didn't agree but the mom __24__ that the firefly would die if left in the bottle. Then she said something that still stays in my __25__ to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can __26__ his light！” I __27__ when I was a child, we all used to sing the song, “This little light of mine, I'm going to let it shine！” But as adults we find it __28__ to do so. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述夏季的晚上，孩子们在室外捉萤火虫，然后放进瓶子里。这时一位母亲出来，要求孩子放了萤火虫，让它与他人分享它的光。 14．A．hiding B．saving C．shining D．receiving 解析：选C　根据上文“A few weeks earlier the first fireflies (萤火虫) had appeared”和“their lights”可知萤火虫出现了应该是发着光。 15．A．joke B．joy C．dream D．pity 解析：选B　根据下文“Their little lights made me smile with delight”可知是高兴。 16．A．nature B．luck C．neighbors D．friends 解析：选A　根据常识可知萤火虫来自大自然，所以应该是感谢大自然。 17．A．move B．rise C．spread D．disappear 解析：选D　根据下文“I saw out of my window some of the neighborhood children trying to ________ the slow­moving lightening fireflies.”可知是天色暗下来，孩子们才能看到萤火虫，然后去捕捉它们。 18．A．touch B．catch C．drive D．train 解析：选B　根据下文“caught one”可知孩子们是要捉萤火虫。此处是词义复现。 19．A．running after B．looking into C．giving away D．turning to 解析：选A　根据上文“I saw out of my window some of the neighborhood children trying to ________ the slow­moving lightening fireflies.”可知是追赶萤火虫。run after “追赶”； look into “调查”； give away “赠送”； turn to “向……求助”。 20．A．patiently B．clearly C．secretly D．finally 解析：选D　根据下文“caught one”可知是最后抓到了一只。 21．A．keep B．protect C．watch D．show 解析：选C　根据上文“After ________ a few fireflies without success she ________ caught one.”可知小女孩抓到一只萤火虫，所以其他的孩子都围过来看。 22．A．darkness B．fear C．interest D．rain 解析：选A　根据上文“Now as the daylight was starting to ________”和“Soon ________ started to fall”可知都是在描写时间，所以这里应该是夜幕降临。 23．A．control B．free C．change D．feed 解析：选B　根据下文“One of the girls didn't agree but the mom ______ that the firefly would die if left in the bottle”可知是让释放萤火虫。 24．A．realized B．agreed C．reported D．explained 解析：选D　根据下文“that the firefly would die if left in the bottle”可知那位妈妈在解释释放萤火虫的原因。 25．A．book B．direction C．mind D．hand 解析：选C　根据下文“to this day: ‘It is time to let this little guy go so he can ________ his light！’”可知这句话直到今天一直留在作者的脑海里。 26．A．share B．discover C．celebrate D．collect 解析：选A　根据上文“It is time to let this little guy go ”只有让萤火虫飞出去才能发光，也就是它才能把光分享给人们。 27．A．imagine B．consider C．regret D．remember 解析：选D　根据下文“when I was a child”可知是记得小时候的事情。 28．A．common B．hard C．necessary D．good 解析：选B　根据上下文的转折关系可知是很难做到这一点。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$